Tikrit Journal of Pure Science

A case-control retrospective study was conducted during January – June 2019 on 104 patients with asthma (50 females and 54 males) and 111 non-asthmatic healthy subjects matched patients for gender (54 females and 57 males) to assess role of total and specific IgE serum levels in patho-physiology of disease using ELISA and multiplex immunoblot kits. The mean age ± standard deviation of asthma patients was 37.9 ± 12.1 years, while it was lower among control (35.9 ± 10.5 years), but the difference was not significant. Males and females were similarly distributed among asthma cases (48.1 and 51.9%, respectively) and control (48.6 and 51.4%, respectively). Most of asthma cases were observed to have mild disease (49%), followed by moderate and severe asthma (93.4 and 11.5%, respectively). It was also observed that 51.9% of patients had a family history of asthma. With respect to allergen type, 21.2% of asthma cases were seropositive for mixed types of allergens. Median level of total IgE was significantly (p < 0.001(elevated in sera of asthma cases (204.1 ng/ml) compared to control subjects (163.3 ng/ml). The level positively paralleled the severity of disease. The highest level was observed in severe cases (244.9ng/ml, while the lowest level was recorded in mild cases (189.7 ng/ml). The level of specific IgE showed some variations among asthma cases distributed according to the type of allergen, the highest median was recorded in seronegative cases (215.2 ng/ml), while a lowest level was observed in cases seropositive for animal dander (189.3 ng/ml). Logistic regression analysis revealed that total asthma patients, as well as male and female cases were at an increased risk to develop asthma episodes due to elevated serum level of IgE.ROC analysis demonstrated that elevated serum level of IgE occupied a significant (p = 0.001) area under curve (AUC), which was 0.828. In conclusion, the present study confirms the significant role of total and specific IgE in patho-physiology of bronchial asthma and its correlation with disease severity and allergen type in adults

Fifty blood samples were collected from sheep of different regions in Salah Al-Din Governorate for the period from November 2019 to April 2020 to detected some hematological and biochemical criteria and the infection with intestinal protozoa (Eimeria, Cryptosporidium) and helminthes (Marshallagia sp, Trichostrongylus sp, Ostertagia sp ,Haemonchus sp, Chabertia sp , Nematodirus sp , Toxocara sp, Cooperia sp , Oesophagostomum sp , Strongyloid sp) .
The results of the study showed that the infection with intestinal protozoa and nematodes in sheep had an effect on the haematological parameters, as there was a significant decrease in the red blood cells (RBCs), volume of packed blood cells (PCV), lymphocytes compared to the control Groups reaching 4.9±1.173,21.9±7.2±1.871, 21.9± 2.881, 45.1± 3.624 respectively.
While there was a significant increase in the number of white blood cells (WBCs) compared to the control groups reaching 13.2±3.116 respectively.
Regarding biochemical parameters, there was a significant decrease in the concentration of protein and albumin, 5.308±0.552, 2.124±0.372 respectively, as well as a significant decrease in the concentration of iron and calcium, 158.6 ± 34.4, 8.73± 2.48 respectively, while no change in the concertation of magnesium and potassium was reported

This study was carried out in the city of Tikrit and its environs, where environmental pollution with lead was studied in some governmental fuel stations in Salah al-Din Governorate, where cars often gather for refueling, resulting in vehicle exhausts varying proportions of the pollutants emitted from them, including the element lead.
The study was divided to include five sites, four gas stations and a fifth group for control, which are: the old Tikrit gas station, Fateh al-Futuh fuel station (al-Qadisiyah station), al-Dour gas station and the martyr Umayya Jibara station (al-Alam station), and the fifth site (the control site) In the Naamah area outside the preservation center on the roads leading to the Kirkuk governorate, which is approximately 40 km away from the research project stations.
The text of the research is to take samples from the dust scattered on the floor of these stations and the control group for a period of six months with a sample per month, from November 2019 to April 2020.
The results the study were determined by measuring the concentrations of lead present in the dust belonging to these stations by means of a Flame Atomic Spectrometer.
The results showed that there were significant differences between the stations and the control group, so the results recorded the highest concentration of lead in dust for the average of the stations during the six months (0.1543 ±0.01112 mg/L) in the Al-Dour governmental fuel station, and the lowest concentration (0.0831 ± 0.0708 mg / L) in the Fath Al Futuh station.
(Al-Qadisiyah station), while the concentration of the control group was (0.0387 ±0.0316 mg/L). The reason for the high results of these measurements on the control group may be attributed to the high traffic movement of cars, the lack of vegetation and the frequency of dust storms that the study area is exposed to from time to time, in addition to other industrial activities in the area under study.

Previous studies indicated that elevated serum levels of Interleukin -18 (IL-18) and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) antibodies have a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of Type I diabetic mellitus T1DM. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the possible overlap between human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and Interleukin-18 (IL-18) with the pathogenesis of T1DM. The serum of (45) T1DM patients and (45) healthy controls were used to detect IL-18 levels with an ELISA Kit and detect HCMV with cobas c411 apparatus for detect IgM and IgG HCMV.
The results showed that the levels of IL-18 and human CMV IgM, IgG were significantly higher in patients with type 1 diabetes compared to the control group (45.8773 ±12.196 and 0.52 ± 0.25, 63.52 ±13.0 pg/ml for patients respectively) versus (12.611 ±3.9 and 0.11 ±0.01, 0.261 ±0.68 pg/ml for healthy subjects, respectively); The values were at P value ≤ 0.05.
The results of the data concluded that there was a significant increase of IL-18 and human CMV IgM, IgG in the serum of the patient group compared to the lower levels in the control group, indicating that these markers may be involved in the pathogenesis and development of T.
These data concluded that there was a significant increase in serum IL-18 and HCMV Abs, compared to the lower levels in the control group, indicating that these markers may be involved in the pathogenesis and development of T1DM.

The current study was conducted on the water of the Zab river in the Zab township of the Hawija district / Kirkuk governorate / Iraq, through which some physical and chemical factors of the river's water and some wells were studied. The research began from August 2019 to January 2020, to study six sites on the Zab River and six wells in the Zab township the research included the measurement of physical factors (electrical conductivity and total soluble salts or electrical conductivity and TDS). And some chemical factors in river water and well water (Calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium ions). And some of the heavy metals (cadmium, lead, copper, and cobalt).
The results of the current study showed that the values of electrical conductivity (312-518) microsemns / cm for river water and (741-8542) microsemns / cm for wells, while total dissolved salts ranged between (194-336) mg / L in river water and (253- 293.3 (mg / L for studied wells, calcium ions were recorded between (36-52) mg / L for the Zab River and (51.1-481.3) mg / L for wells. As for Magnesium Ions, it ranged between (15-24) mg / L for the Zab River and ( 26.6-480.5) mg / L for wells, Sodium ions recorded values ranging between (8-19) mg / L for the Zab river and (14.3-294.3) mg / L for well water, the values of potassium ions ranged between (1.4-3) mg / L for the Zab River and (9.5-155) mg / L of wells water, heavy metals (cadmium, lead, cobalt and copper) in both well water and the Zab River recorded very low values which were did not exceed 0.1 ppm.
The results of the statistical analysis of the Dunkin test also showed the presence of temporal and spatial differences in most of the studied physical and chemical factors at 0.05 level.

Aim: This study to investigate the protective effect of Ficus carica leaves extract against the effect of paracetamol.
Material and methods: In the present study used (40) male rats (Rattus norvegicus) (2.5-3) months old, weighting (200-250) g were randomly divided into (4) groups of (10 rats/group). The first group (control group), the second group (paracetamol group), the third group (Fc leaves extract group), the fourth group (Fc leaves extract + paracetamol group). the first group were given (0.5 ml) distilled water, the second group were given paracetamol with dosage (1000 mg/kg), the third group were given alcoholic extract of F. carica leaves by dosage (250 mg /kg), the fourth group were given paracetamol by dosage (1000 mg /kg) and after two hours given (250 mg /kg) alcoholic extract of F. carica leaves, all groups were treated with doses between day and another for six weeks.
Results: The results of the present study showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) to the relative weight of the testicles, the head and tail of the epididymis, the seminal vesicles of male rats in the paracetamol group compared with the control group and Fc leaves extract group, while showed treated by alcoholic extract of F. carica leaves after paracetamol an improvement in the relative weight of the testicles, the head and tail of the epididymis , the seminal vesicles in Fc leaves extract group and Fc leaves extract + paracetamol compared with paracetmol and control group. For the histopathological study showed occurrence histopathological changes of paracetamol drug, represented as complete stop of spermatogenesis, atrophy and hypoplasia of leydig cells, congestion of blood vessels, pyknosis of nucleus of primary spermatogonia, hemorrhage between seminferous tubules, tunca albugenia and exfoliation of seminferous tubules as cellular debris.
Conclusions: The paracetamol led to pathological changes in the tissues of male rat testes. It was represented by a complete cessation of spermatogenesis and a loss of the developmental stages of this process,while The alcoholic extract of F. carica leaves had protective effect against the influence of paracetamol

The study for this research was carried out in Al-Alam district - Salah El-Din Governorate to study the effect of phosphate and potassium fertilizers on the growth and yield of (local) beans for the winter agricultural season 2019-2020. The experiment was implemented according to a R.CBD Randomized Complete Block Design with split plot system, using four phosphate levels (0, 65, 80 and 100 kg P. h-1) and four levels of potassium (0, 75, 90 and 105 kg K. h-1). The best significant superiority was recorded at the level of 100 kg P. h-1, an interference with 105 kg K. h-1 in most traits, as it was recorded (98.60 cm) for plant height, (58.92%) for chlorophyll, (11.85 pods. Plant -1) for the number of pods, (190.33 g) For the weight of 100 seeds, (3.50 tons. h-1) the seeds yield and (29.31%) for protein. As for the number of branches and the dry weight of the shoots, the level of 100 kg P. h-1 by an interference with 90 kg, K. h-1, the highest average was (10.76 branches. Plant-1 and 14.64 g) respectively. We conclude from this study that the best interaction combination is between the levels of 100 kg P h-1 and 105 kg K. h-1 in most of the studied traits. The aim of this study is to determine the best fertilizer level of phosphate and potassium to improve the growth and yield traits of the beans plants and the extent to which the crop benefits from this addition

The results of evaluation of plant oils (neem oil, colocynth oil and castor oil) Actara, crusier bactericide and B. thuringiensis var kurstaki showed their compatibility with the phases of the field insect after three months of treatment where one (neem oil+ bacteria B. thuringiesis + crusier) of these treatments proved its success with less ratios of infection in the plants of Sesamia cretica Led reached 8.89%. The treatments with (colocynth oil+ bacteria B. thuringiesis + crusier) and (watering Actara + crusier) achieved a ratio of infection reached 13.22%, and 23.33% respectively comparing with the control treatment where the ratio of infection reached 94.50%.
The less ratios of infection of corncobs in treatments (crusier + spraying Actara), (crusier + watering Acvtara), (neem oil + thurcide + crusier), and (castor oil + thurcide + crusier) reached 14.85%, 19.80%, 19.60%, and 19.90% respectively. These ratios have not differed incorporeally comparing with control treatment where the infection reached 54.61%.
The results showed that all the treatments have increased the weight of the one corncob in comparison with the control treatment. The high weight of one corncob achieved in the treatments (castor oil + thurcide + crusier) and (neem oil + thurcide + crusier) which reached 134.4 g. and 133.13 g. respectively. The treatment (watering Actara + crusier) where the weight of the one corncob reached 129.52 g. in comparing with the control treatment where the weight of one corncob reached 96.04 g.

A simple, rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric method for determination of Lisinopril (LS) in both pure form and pharmaceutical preparations has been reported. The adapted technique based on utilization 4-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid as a Chromogenic reagent through an oxidative coupling reaction with Lisinopril and Potassium Peroxydisulfate (oxidation agent) in acidic medium to form green dye soluble product absorption maxima at 612 nm. Linearity was in the range 2–43 μg ml-1. The values of molar absorption coefficient (ε), correlation coefficient and Sandel’s index were found to be 10.3808 × 103 L. mole-1 cm-1, 0.9995 and 0.00343 µg.cm-2 respectively. The average of recovery % was 100.067. Detection Limit and quantitative limit were 0.0343 µg/ml and 0.1143 µg/ml. The proposed method has been successfully applied in the determination of preparations containing lisinopril.

The specified systematic study of calcareous nannofossils was carried out on successions of Shiranish and Aaliji Formations. Four Samples have taken from (Kh-4) well, between (2600-2630) m, Northern Iraq. Twenty-five species were identified. According to the identified taxa, two biostratigraphic biozones were determined, from oldest to youngest:
1- Rienhardtites lives Interval Biozone (CC24) Part.
2- Fasciculithus tympaniformis Interval Biozone (CP4) Part.
Based on the above biozones, the age of the upper part of the Shiranish Formation was defined with Early Maastrichtian because of missing the CC25 and CC26 Biozones, and the lower part of Aaliji Formation that concludes the age of Middle Paleocene because of missing the CP1, CP2 and CP3 Biozones.

The research aims to show the validity of the quaternary sediments in the north of Al-Shirqat district as filling materials for dams. Samples were collected from (4) stations representing these sediments in the region. Geotechnical examinations showed that the sediments of this region are clay of low plasticity (CL) and alluvial (ML) having the values of specific weight ranged between (2.65-2.71). Chemical analyzes showed that the gypsum ranges between (1.35-8.08) %, and the percentage of total soluble salts ranged between (3.61-11.52) %, while the pH values were between (8.00-8.11). When comparing the results of geotechnical tests with the physical and chemical specifications of the filling soils according to the specifications of materials and construction works for the National Center for Construction Laboratories and Research, 2003, it shows that all the geotechnical properties of the second station were identical, as well as matching the volumetric gradient, liquidity limit and plasticity factor of stations (4,3,1), except for ratios of total dissolved salts and gypsum content which were out of the limits of the specifications for stations (4,3,1).

Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was used as a matrix for fabrication samples of polymer matrix composites (PMCs). The matrix was reinforcement by (Al2O3) powder with a volumetric ratio (20%) and an average grain size (40 ±5) μm. The manufactured samples were treated after conducting the surface treatment operations thermally with different temperatures (50,70 and 90 ⁰C) and with different treatment times (2,4,6,8, and 10 hours). The samples were subjected to a set of mechanical and microscopic tests, whereby the effect of thermal treatment on the bending fatigue life of the manufactured samples, and the effect of thermal treatment on the ability of the material to resist shear stress, flexural strength, wear, compressive resistance and impact resistance. The results showed that there was an improvement in fatigue life, shear stress, flexural strength, compressive strength, wear resist, and impact resistance after heat treated samples. The best fatigue life, shear resistance, wear resist, and flexural strength occurred for 6 hours post cure time, while it was observed that the best improvement in compressive resistance and impact resistance occurred after the passage of (4hours) of the post cure time. The results also showed that the best thermal treatment temperature is (T=70⁰C).

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are developed considering the importance of this class of in different fields of biochemical and biomedical applications owing to their distinctive chemical and physical properties. In this work, the preparation of iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs (using Co-precipitation method has been done as the most commonly used wet chemical method of magnetic nanoparticles preparation for biological applications. The SPIONs synthesis was based on sodium hydroxide (NaOH) mediated precipitation of Fe3+ and Fe2+ salts in an aqueous solution using trisodium citrate as surfactant within a closed system. The size and stability of the magnetite nanoparticles were carefully controlled using different chemical and physical parameters in order to obtain the SPIONs with small particle size and distribution that is needed for biomedical applications. The synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and Zeta potential analysis (Zp). XRD pattern showed the presence of peaks corresponding to the phase of magnetite Fe3O4. Moreover, SEM and TEM results revealed spherical particles with a mean diameter of ≥ 5 nm. The monodispersed SPIONs were successfully prepared with a mean hydrodynamic size of 209.32 nm at a stirring speed of 900 rpm and NaOH concentration of 1.2 gm. The results showed that the particle size is considerably dependent on the stirring rate and NaOH concentration. Fe3O4 nanoparticles exhibited superparamagnetic behavior and the saturation magnetization was around 50 emu/g.

The appearance of chance coincidence in attenuation measurements using coincidence technique is investigated. A two 3"*3" NaI(Tl) detector coincidence spectrometer with 0.5 μ Ci Na-22 source were used. Two different materials with different forms, namely mixed metallic powders and Fe-sheets are used. The ratio of chance counts to total real coincidences in annihilation peak had ranged between (0.007-0.013) and (0.011-0.036) for the different thicknesses of the two materials mentioned respectively. The coincidence linear attenuation coefficients due to the chance coincidence at 1274keV were 0.1 and 0.38 cm-1 for the two materials assuring the proportionality with energy. When the chance coincidence counts were treated as being "lost" from real coincidences and added again to the latter, no change were observed in attenuation coefficient at annihilation peak from that calculated before taking accidental counts into consideration.

The full energy peak efficiency (ɛ) relation of HpGe detector is determined and compared with the "spectrum shape" relation of natural background (BG) for the (121.8-1408) keV energy range. A one liter Marinelli beaker soil standard containing the Eu-152 material is used in calibration and measurement. A MATLAB fitting program were used obtain the efficiency relation from the experimental values, and to obtain the BG "spectrum shape" relation from the count rates at the corresponding energy values used. The ɛ / BG factor values were 1.154 at the 121.8keV and increase with energy till reaching a maximum value of 4.358 at about 778keV energy and then decrease. These values may be used to extract efficiency from the BG values at the specified measurement conditions. The obtained results may participate in extending our understanding of the standardization concept in radiation measurements.

The determination of the age and gender of the speaker of the speech signal is an interesting topic in the interaction between human-machine. Speech signal has a variety of applications ranging from speech analyses to allocate human-machine interactions. This paper aims to conduct a comparative study of age and gender classification algorithms applied to the speech signal. Comparison of experimental results of different sources of voices for speakers of different languages and methods of miscellaneous classification such as Bayes classifier, neural network, support vector machines, K-nearest neighbor, gaussien mixture model and hybrid method based on weighted analysis of a directed non-negative matrix and a neural network with a general recession as well as some deep learning methods, is done in order to show different results to classify the age and gender of the speaker when processing the speech signal. The study showed that methods and algorithms of deep learning have excelled in providing accuracy ratios higher than other methods, and it shows that the hybridization of two or more classification methods increases the accuracy level of the results.

An efficient recognition model is highly recommended while trying to analyze brain signal pattern for Motor Imagery (MI) signal. Therefore, this study aims to develop an optimized model based on a deep learning approach using Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) in order to help a large community of disability people by allowing them to control the wheelchair using their MI Brain signal. In this paper, dataset is used which is belong to BCI Competition dataset IV/2b and consists of two parts, each of them contains on 160 trails for a single subject. To preprocess the brain signal, Butterworth band pass filter used to remove unwanted signal (Alpha and Beta) and remain on the brain signal, then followed by feature extraction technique using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). After that, Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) classifier based training parameters utilized to optimize the performance of the proposed system through using grid search optimization to improve performance of distinguishing between the two directional wheelchair commands. Cross-validations with ten groups were adopted to boost the modeling accuracy with dataset of all subjects (1440 trials) and the single subjects (160 trails). The results of this study showed that the efficiency of the optimized MLP model increased by 3% over the large dataset compared to the non-optimized model. It can be concluded that the optimized model can be deployed in a MI based BCI wheelchair control system to help the disability people in their daily activities.

The basic solution to overcome difficult issues related to huge size of digital images is to recruited image compression techniques to reduce images size for efficient storage and fast transmission. In this paper, a new scheme of pixel base technique is proposed for grayscale image compression that implicitly utilize hybrid techniques of spatial modelling base technique of minimum residual along with transformed technique of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) that also impels mixed between lossless and lossy techniques to ensure highly performance in terms of compression ratio and quality. The proposed technique has been applied on a set of standard test images and the results obtained are significantly encourage compared with Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG).

Let G and H be two finites p-groups, then G⊗H is the non-abelian tensor product of G and H. In this paper, the compatible action graph Γ_(G⊗H)^p for G⊗H has been considered when G=H and G≠H for the two finite p-groups by determining the adjacency matrix for Γ_(G⊗H)^p and studied some of its properties.

The purpose of this work is to present a class of harmonic univalent functions defined by the Dziok-Srivastava operator. Some geometric properties like coefficients conditions, distortion theorem, convolution (Hadamard product), convex combination and extreme points are investigated.
2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 30C45, 30C50.