University of Thi-Qar Journal for Engineering Sciences

This paper presents simulation and control of synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM). The motor speed is controlled by using Traditional PID controller that have been used in cascaded form. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is used to find the optimal parameters of the PID controller. Lead-Lag controller introduce in the cascaded controller as a second stage of control. Space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) scheme proposed to control the motor by using variable input voltage. A comparison between the manually tuned and PSO tuned cascade controller shows that the PSO give amazing control characteristics for the motor speed and have advantage over the manually tuning controller

Backscatter X-beam is used to obtain on X-beam imaging innovation. Conventional X-ray machines recognize hard and delicate materials by the variety in transmission through the objective. Conversely, backscatter X-beam identifies the radiation that reflects from the objective. It has potential applications where less-dangerous examination is required, and can be utilized if stand outside of the objective is accessible for examination The innovation is one of two sorts of entire body imaging advancements that have been utilized to perform full-body sweeps of carrier travelers to recognize shrouded weapons, apparatuses, fluids, opiates, money, and other stash. A contending innovation is millimeter wave scanner. These application can be very useful by detecting system specially in security system Purpose . At the point when The X-beams pass through the human body or whatever other Materials The item under X-beam will be absorb , penetrate or Scattered the X-beams bar. These beams which are scattered or launched out from the subject\'s body are detected by detector placed close to object . The sign delivered by this scattered X-beam detector then used to balance a picture show gadget to create a picture of the subject and any covered Objects conveyed by the subject The indicator get together is built in a setup to consequently and consistently improve the picture edges low nuclear number (low Z) hid articles to encourage their identification. A capacity means is given by which beforehand procured pictures can be contrasted and the present picture for dissecting fluctuations in similitudes with the present picture, and gives intends to making a nonexclusive representation of the body being inspected while stifling anatomical components of the subject to minimize intrusion of the subject\'s protection-beam imaging systems in view of Compton backscatter license review and screening of ocean compartments, a wide assortment of vehicles, baggage, and even individuals.. Potential applications in the paper will design the X-ray detector machine relay on new technique for image processing by using Arduino as control system with less dangerous assessment on the human body and Contrasts in the sort of data showed by backscatter pictures will be highlighted, between backscatter picture quality furthermore, interpretability, output speed, successful infiltration.

This study investigates numerically and experimentally the environmental conditions prevailing in a large mechanically ventilated athletic hall, with the aid of the computational fluid dynamics by ANSYS 15 program. The indoor space of the building was simulated in the ANSYS 15 program environment and the model results were validated against experimental data collected during a 7-day campaign in the hall. The measurements included airflow characteristics at different locations of the indoor space, as well as surface temperatures of the indoor materials. Having obtained good agreement between experimental and numerical results, different scenarios were applied in the model to investigate the environmental conditions prevailing in the hall under different ventilation and occupational conditions. These regard air-conditioning and cooling modes, as well as empty and full hall during an athletic event. The velocity, temperature and relative humidity were studied and results revealed dynamic behavior of the fields, significantly altering with the different considered cases.

This study aims to investigate tensile properties and work hardening behavior of dual phase (DP) steels. A series of DP steels containing ferrite and martensite with different volume fractions of martensite (Vm) were produced by intercritical heat treatment. Microstructural investigations, hardness test, and tensile test were carried out. The experimental results showed that dual phase steels at 760oc and10s have excellent mechanical properties in terms of tensile strength, ductility and fracture energy. A further increase in Vm was found to increase tensile strengths and ductility. The increasing and then decreasing trend in tensile strength is in contrast to the law of mixture. These unusual behaviors are discussed and explained. Work hardening behavior was analyzed in terms of Holloman analysis.

The Rainfall Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) relationship is one of the most commonly used tools in water resources engineering, either for planning, designing and operating of water resource projects or for various engineering projects against floods. The objective of this study is to develop an empirical formula to estimate rainfall intensity for any duration and any return period with minimum effort. Daily rainfall data for years 1980-2010 from Iraqi Metrological Organization and Seismology was used in this study. Hershfeildʼs method was used to estimate the short duration rainfall intensity from daily rainfall data. Various distribution functions were used for analysis and Chi-Square goodness to fit test were used to identify the best statistical distribution among them. Study showed that Log Pearson type III is the best probability distribution and the best (IDF)empirical formula was in the form [i=a/(b=td)]

Reactive powder concrete (RPC) is unique of the newest and greatest significant improvements in constructions field , it has usual excessive kindness happening current duration in the world owing toward its higher concrete properties , great ductility, durability, imperfect shrinkage penalties, great opposition to corrosion and abrasion. In this experimental investigation is carried out on the way to revision the flexural behavior of RPC with Hybrid Section T-Beams and the mechanical properties of this construction material. The experimental program included testing five beams to examine the things of steel fiber volumetric ratio, silica fume ratio, tensile steel ratio, hybrid section on flexural performance of RPC T-beams. The study was focused on determining the first crack load (Pcr), ultimate flexural strength (Pu),ultimate deflection (Δu), load-deflection behavior, letdown mode, strain supply across the depth of the beams and crack pattern at failure. The effects of steel fiber volumetric ratio and silica fume ratio were also considered in studying the mechanical properties of RPC mixes. Moreover, a study of hybrid beams exhibited that expending RPC happening web and normal concrete in flange efficiently enhances the enactment of T-beams in comparison with normal concrete T-beams and also studying hybrid beams exhibited that expending RPC happening flange and normal concrete in web efficiently enhances the enactment of T-beams in comparison with normal concrete T-beams

This work has been devoted to investigate experimentally, the increase in range of horizontal discharge distance and velocity of water flow for pipes of fire-hoses and water jet propulsion systems in small ships. The enhancement method of water flow depends on increase the drag reduction and best uniform flow. One of the important practice techniques is adding a small amount of some materials, cheap and locally available added into water flow in a horizontal pipe.A simple experimental system is designed and constructed to investigate the increase in drag reduction. Nanoparticles (aluminum oxide –30 nm diameters) and polyacrylamide (PAM) have been added alone and gain time together. Experimental calculations of average flow velocity, Reynolds number, and friction factor and percentage drag reduction are experimentally calculated under water heads of 75,100, 125,150,175 and 200 cm.The effects of concentration ratios of nanofluid(AL2O3) on friction factor and drag reduction are studied and calculated. The present results showed that addition of AL2O3 and PAM are caused reducing in friction factor, increase in range of horizontal discharge distance and the velocity of water flow.Also the results indicated that, drag reduction was26% increased at addition of AL2O3 and 39% at PAM while at mixing them together was 52 % as average for six heads were chosen. The results are represented graphically to explain the degrees of enhancement of increasing in drag reduction, flow velocity and the range of discharge distance for water in horizontal pipes. The originality of this work was addition materials of nanopartcles with polyacrylamide together.

The absorption column is one of the essential separation processes in industrial operation, so the need arises to control absorption column by process simulation and also to analyze system by method called frequency response using MATLAB8. This work dealt with gas-liquid (air-water) absorption packed column which is analyzed by bode plot and frequency response to determine the stability of the system with or without Proportional Controller (P), Proportional Integral Controller (PI) or Proportional Integral Derivatives Controller (PID).The frequency response gives the transient response information, by defining such frequency response quantities as gain margin and phase margin. This work presents dynamic analysis of absorption column which is single input/single output (SISO) using feedback control (P, PI and PID) with the parameters of Cohen-Coon, Ziegler Nichols and Internal Model control and compares between them.