Adab AL Rafidayn

Comment un enseignant de francais, langue etrangere, peut-il en ecoutant ses etudiants (premiere annee ) evaluer, analyser Les erreurs phono Logiques faites pour ameliorer les performances phonoiogiques et phonetiques des etudiants?Sur ce point,Les recherches sont peu avancees dans le monde d'une maninere generale et en Irak particulierement. Il parait donc primordial de savoir pourquoi nos etudiants font/des erreurs phonetiques. Tout d'abord, avant de traiter ce sujet en detail,nous presentons Les deux systemes phonolo giques; celui du francais et celui de l'arabe.

Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyya knew that he was an imam of Islamic jurisprudence and his origins. Those concerned protest this kind of knowledge and knowledge of his views, and it may appear west when we know that he has brilliant opinions, and distinguished research in the language is discussed in his books.
My observant drew my attention to him to any Holy Qur’an, which indicates a strong indication of his ability in terms of language and his good taste, for when he presents a research from the detective in the language he gives the views of the interpreters or grammarians in it and then quotes his take on their sayings indicating his point of view, and from here I made the search for him, affected that His title (Linguistic Issues between Ibn Al-Qayyim and Linguists: Old and Late) and we will cite some of the linguistic investigations that Ibn Al-Qayyim Al-Jawziyyah dealt with to clarify the opinion he made among the buckets.

This paper studies lexical incongruence between English and Arabic .

L'influence de l'orient se manifeste dans la Literature francaise en genera! et dans les contes en particulier. Certes le lecteur se demande quels sont les traits orientaux se trou- vant dans les contes voltairiens et sous quelle forme ils appa- raissent. Dans notre recherche, nous abordons, avant tout, ces traits dans les contes de Voltaire.Et plus exactement, par- mi le grand nombre deses contes, nous delimiterons notre etude afin d'inclure deux contes tres celebres, notamment Zadig et La Princesse de Babylone.Cette delimitation du champ d'etude ne nous empechera pas de nous referer a quelques autres contes comme Candide,Le Crocheteur borgne, Pot-pourri, et Micromegas par exemple.Pour que nous precisions les the- mes nous jetterons la lumiere sur les elements orientaux se trouvant dans les contes precites notamment: le style descr- ptif; l'utilisation de noms propres arabes, des lieux et finale- ment les elements venus de l'Orient.Ill faut noter que l'impo- rtance de cette recherche reside dans l'influence soit litterair e soit de civilisation refletee dans les contes de Voltaire.

This is a worthy topic worthy of research, as it is an extremely important angle, which sheds light on the hair, to question its significance, which we consider appropriate explanation of the beauty of the image and its deletion. And if the pre-Islam poetry was hoarded with the image of the beloved on the levels of alertness and the fabrication of the dream, then Antara's poetry that sends joy and amazement in the same recipient leans a lot on the spectrum that sweeps the beloved within the framework of the poet’s desires, and on the basis of this consideration, our research got up on columns thinking that these columns are capable of The possibility of a view that binds you in the spectrum of the beloved constitutes the focus of emotional and artistic concern of one of the towering poets who mastered the publishing industry and raised it to the heights of creativity and innovation, so it was worthy of challenging stalled poets.

The book “The Hadith of Abu Ubayd” is the most important book of the science of the modern hadeeth, and it is originally from the most mature and famous of the origins of this science. The Qur'an is known in the Reformation as the height of the Qur’an.
 However, careful and thorough research in this great book indicates the opposite of this belief completely, as it contains topics related to the various sciences of Arabic: language, grammar, morphology and rhetoric, as there are topics related to the various sciences of the Qur’an, but they are scattered like fragments here and there among the folds of the book in its four parts. Therefore, I wanted to study in it the noble Quran reciter who is the height of the Qur’an, to add to the original sources of this article a source that is one of its origin and the most important.

When I was researching to prepare my dissertation to obtain a master’s degree on the subject of the Arab conquest of Armenia, a historical text was adopted by Al-Balazari in the book Fath Al-Buldan about the conquest of this region, written by Al-Atat / Af bin Sufyan. Ibn Sufyan Abu al-Asba’ judged it, and I did not have the time to search for the origin of this judge, the reason for his coming to this city, how he took over the judiciary in it, and when and what were the characteristics that qualified him to be a judge. Alataf bin Sufian was one of the narrators on whom al-Baladhuri relied when compiling the news of Fattouh Arminah, and he proved his narration through the written information that he presented to him.

It is clear that the Islamic Arab regions in the sixth century AH / twelfth century CE witnessed wide and important political and military events, especially in Bad Egypt, the Levant and the Arabian Peninsula, and the most important of these events was the European foreign invasion, that grave danger that threatened the sovereignty of the Arabs over their lands, as well as the weakness of the caliphate The Abbasids in Baghdad and the dissolution of the Fatimid caliphate in Egypt, as well as the conflicts that existed between the local rulers in the Arab Islamic regions, and the rupture and political disintegration that existed between them at the time, and the most prominent of which was the conflict that took place between his insulting Mosul after the death of Nur al-Din Mahmoud bin Imad al-Din Zangi in the year ( 569 AH / 1174 AD) on the one hand and Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi from another side, with the aim of uniting the Arab Islamic Front by Salah al-Din to Mosul three times between the year (578 AH -581 AH / 1182-1185 AD), and one of its results was the approval of Izz al-Din Masoud I ibn Qutb al-Din The owner of Mosul is willing to take part in the jihad that the leaders of Salahuddin have in confronting the invaders

The Arabian Gulf forms the eastern wing in the Arab world, and it is the great maritime extension that exits from the Pacific Ocean in the southeast to the northwest, where it flows into the Shatt al-Arab, which consists of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. In the south, Iraq, Kuwait, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates and Oman are scattered along it along many Arab islands. It is codified in the Sumerian panels, and this leads us to say that the Arabs are the people of the Gulf since ancient times. Therefore, its civilized value lies in the sovereignty of a blended civilization during its long historical eras in which the civilization of the Arabian Peninsula, the Sumerian civilization, the Delmon civilization, the Akkadian and Amorite civilization, and then the Arab Islamic civilization.

The research on the Islamic railways in general, and pictures of them in particular, put us in front of important sources from which we can benefit from finding facts about the historical development of styles, styles and artistic styles as well as the political events of the relevant countries, their economic growth and social development. This research focuses on studying models of the elevated railroad illustrated during the rule of the larvae and determining the extent of the ways, methods and characteristics of its images were affected by the Baghdad School of Photography that coincided with it during this period.

University education does not differ from its general objectives from education in other academic stages in terms of building a loyal citizen who is able to give, but it certainly differs from other stages in the means and methods used to achieve these goals, so the student, upon his arrival at the university study stage, is educated to love his country since his early childhood and the methods continued Raising him through the elementary, middle, and secondary levels, therefore, at this stage he will need new practices in which he strengthens what Maan brought from the previous academic stages on the love of the nation and his faith and his defense. Who pays the gun and knows the moment of its launch. This fact was confirmed by the delights of the past years, and Iraq is fighting a defensive war imposed by the category of prostitutes.

Working in correctional institutions has become a beneficial human social function for the residents of these institutions and for society at the same time, as it has become the first pillar in the ethical evaluation necessary to prepare the guilty to integrate into the social body. .
 Thanks to the administration in our country, Guanyin started the work of these inmates in the sections of social reform for adults and juveniles, and it was implemented and it was a pioneering experience that expresses the basic human concepts of political leadership towards a segment of society that deviated from its rules and exceeded social control for one reason or another.
 For this reason, our study was an attempt to evaluate the experience of external employment for the inmates of the Social Reform Department for Adults in Nineveh, including a theoretical introduction and discussion of the results of field research, including the benefits and drawbacks of employment.

The care of the handicapped in our Iraqi country started as it began in other regions of the world, where it was considered a form of righteousness and charity, and the religious denominations performed these tasks by establishing special homes to care for and educate them, especially the blind of them. The Social Work Association was established in 1937 and actively participated It is prominent in providing its services for the deaf, dumb, and mentally retarded, and then other societies followed by a variety of waters, including the Association for the Blind and the Deaf and Mute, but these societies were unable to develop the reality of their work and expand their coverage, so the state had to intervene to participate in this humanitarian work in view of the need for this work to material resources And artistic

The laws and laws gave great and distinctive attention to the family as the basis of the great human society and the nucleus of which nations and societies are concerned. It may replace harmony and harmony, but hearts may be incompatible and souls may change for many different reasons that entail the abundance of abundance between the two pillars of the family, which leads to their disintegration and collapse. Therefore, legal legislations must establish a treatment that has protection for its members and society consisting of it, thus joining the provisions of divorce as a medicine for this disease Although he is the most hated by God.

The last quarter of the twentieth century is witnessing complex global changes in its composition that have had a uneven impact on most of the countries of the world. Crises erupted and conflicts erupted here and there in many parts of the world, so that some of them formed an existing state that international organizations and even influential international powers cannot, as it may be said that It puts an end to it or diminishes it because of the entry of international and different parties in its goals and that seeks to achieve the global strategy and its vital interests. Therefore, only the people who live in crisis or conflict are the ones that pay the price and our Arab nation is rooted in human history today as it looks to the bright future and towards this. The aspiration is facing a technical kind of plans and innovative methods by the international powers from the American, Zionist, and imperial administration that see the rise of its abortion of its politics and vital interests in the region, and on this basis the American administration has laid down its plans that lead the Arab region to live in a state of instability and turmoil after its detonation in local and regional wars Limited or unpleasant eligibility. In our research, we will shed light on that policy and its theories in terms of the goals and results it envisions towards the Arab world in general and Iraq in the Arab Gulf in particular.

Iraq has witnessed a great progress in the field of procedures followed with juvenile delinquents since the legislation of the Juvenile Law of 1955 and the end of the Juvenile Welfare Law No. 76 of 1983, which came up with rules of procedure followed with delinquent juveniles, but the question that is going on in the minds is whether the procedural rules that this law brought In the field of preliminary investigation, it is sufficient to surround the event with a fence of guarantees appropriate to the privacy of this category?
 In order to answer this question, we should study these rules in two separate chapters. Our first quota for criminal investigation is divided into two topics. We show in the first the investigative authority and clarify in the second the new rules that the law came up with while we deal in the second chapter with social investigation, which is limited to juveniles only. Among those interested in building it in two studies we devoted the first to the authority in charge of the investigation (the Office of Personal Study) and then we touched on the second topic to the judicial selection system and we ended our research with a conclusion that included a set of results and recommendations that we consider necessary to complete, so that we can succeed in that.

The current century has witnessed a welcome development in the field of state intervention and the expansion of the areas of public authority, due to the influence of socialist concepts and crises to which capitalist systems have been exposed. The state The majority of countries have relied on planning to implement their developmental approaches in various fields, and for the state to secure the performance of this new job, it was necessary to provide the people who are qualified for this task. This topic will be addressed in two topics. In the first topic, we highlight the contractual conditioning in the scope of the private law that the Iraqi judiciary adheres to, then we follow this adaptation within the scope of the general law and we will focus on the mission contract prepared by the Scholarships Department at the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research to discuss the conditions Contained in it to determine the legal status of scholarship students, as for the second topic, we will be exposed to the relationship of the employee studying at the state's expense in the organizational relationship that binds him to the state for the purpose of determining his legal status during the study, and finally we will conclude the research with a conclusion showing the most important conclusions, proposals and recommendations reached by the researcher.

The Iraq-Iran war is one of the important and prominent issues at the present time on the Arab, Islamic and international levels, and it raises a number of questions about the significance of waging this war and continuing it despite the passage of more than eight years, which led to cutting off the diplomatic relations between the two warring countries and all peaceful relations, And what was done to them from serious damage to life and property without justification, which should be normal relations by virtue of neighborliness and not to interfere with one another in the affairs of the other as required by the lack of mutual interference in the internal affairs of countries and the work of Iraq in the performance of its national and humanitarian tasks in the liberation of the occupied lands, especially Arab lands. That usurped the Zionist enemy and prevented it from achieving its ambition to devour the rest of the Arab lands and obliterate the Arab national identity and violate the sanctity of Islamic Sharia, and this is not all when the Zionist entity was able to commit its heinous crime in hitting the Iraqi nuclear reactor designated for peaceful purposes on June 7, 1981 under The umbrella of this war, and given the importance of the topic, and despite what was written about it from different political, economic and social perspectives Consequently, it still needs research, disclosure and scrutiny of the position of Iran and Iraq from a legal point of view and in accordance with the rules of public international law.

The university libraries have recently witnessed great developments through the introduction of modern technologies in their technical and information services, which expanded the field of their services and carried their employees an additional burden in providing services to beneficiaries, in addition to the diversity of their goals, which have become an essential axis of the attempt of academic activity and scientific research, where they always work to support This academic activity has an impact and effectiveness, and it has clear goals that it works to achieve and it usually derives from the universities to which it belongs, and the teaching and learning process has become at the top of its basic goals as well as providing an effective response to the information needs of its beneficiaries, as the university library that responds to these needs is no longer convincing For librarians and employees, but they aspire to have effective libraries that work in addition to what we have mentioned on a precise understanding of the needs of beneficiaries and university programs, where the efficiency and effectiveness of the university library depends on the services and programs that have been accomplished to achieve the goals set for them, as the indicators of the previous libraries took from the size of groups and the number of their assets to withdraw in favor of indicators New are library services so search libraries services to achieve th Services It is necessary to adopt clear and specific programs that secure them as a result of the great development in the processing of information and the use of modern technologies. University libraries with more extensive services than specialized libraries and some information centers can provide similar services to services provided by specialized libraries and information centers such as individual selective transmission of information after having It was limited to specialized libraries and information centers when such services were provided manually and depending on the desktop survey of cultural materials.

Public open areas are places for outdoor recreational activities in the open air, and they are based on an biological need that enables a person to maintain some relationship between the natural environment within an urban setting, and that these recreational activities represent a psychological need to reach change in relation to certain atmospheres and activities that the closed internal environment cannot To provide them, and when these needs are related to professions that are natural and sport monotonous, which most people engage in within the structures of buildings, and when the external environment of the city is infertile and staged, it will generate a strong desire that explains to us why many people search for recreational opportunities in regional parks, or they travel distances Long to reach areas with a wild nature, and the desire to enjoy the atmosphere of open areas also explains the strong demand for people towards large parks inside cities, which are characterized by characteristics of nature and especially by those who lack the means that enable them to leave their cities and go to regional parks. The study aims to achieve The following goals
 1 Analysis and division of general open logic in Mosul.
 2. Developing proposals for developing recreational use in order to improve its urban environment and make it more amenable to performing its various functions.
 3. Serve current and future recreational concerns of the city's residents through regulations and legislation or through executive government agencies
 Given the lack of data on public open areas, the research relied on fieldwork to conduct a comprehensive survey of all parks and gardens in the city and determine its area, local locations and names.

i%W lI. I. O 1::EA YV js YV THO MAS EDWARD LAWRENCE (1888-1935) est connu comme un colon el qui a gagne sa celebrite a la suite de son role historique en Arabie.Son talent Ilitteraire est peu connu. Dans cette recherche, T.E Lawrence est aborde comme l'ecrivain d'un chef-d' oeuvre, notamment, Les Sept Piliers de la Sagesse. En tant qu'ecriv ain, il nevressemble pas aux autres; il appartient autant a l'histoire qu'a la litterature. Il est alors important de le separer de l'historire et de la Revolte Arabe, afin de le definir comme un ecrivain pour mieux le compren- dre. A vrai dire, T.E. Lawrence subit I' influence de certains ecrivains, notamment, Charles Burton ( !) et Charles Doughty (**), il est desormais n ecessaire d'examiner l'influence de T.E Lawrence sur certains autres ecrivain s.Nous faisons alors une comparaison entre T.E. Lawrence et Andre Malraux (1900- 1975). Cette comparaison aborde toute a la fois leurs person- nalites, leurs concepts et leurs ideaux. 10:36e äc lul 20.07.27

Arlequin, personnage bouffon de l'ancienne comedie ital- ienne, Vetu d'un habit fait de triangles ou de-losanges de diverses couleurs. Il portait un masque noir et un sabre de bois.

Cette recherche est consacree essentieliement a evoquer un probleme cui concerne la definition de l'adverbe francais. Au cours de notre recherche, nous avons remarque que ies grammairiens ne sont pas tous d'accord sur la definition donnee, nous sommes donc en presence de piusieurs definiti- ons comme nous allons le roidr lus loin. Nous avons egalementemarque que l'adverbe, al'appo- sition des avis des grammairiens, peut constituer un element grammatical essrntiel de !'enonce; alors, il faudra elargir la de- finition pour rendre compte du fait que l'adverbe bien est ess entiel dans