IRAQI JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS, COMMUNICATIONS, CONTROL AND SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

Different fractal geometries are successfully applied to design compact size printed and microstrip antenna structures for multiband and dual-band wireless communication applications. In this paper, a printed antenna with fractal based slot structure is presented as a candidate for use in dual-band wireless applications. The slot structure of the proposed antenna is with circle based fractal geometry. The slot structure has been etched in the ground plane of an FR4 substrate with relative dielectric constant of 4.4 and 1.6 mm thickness and on the reverse side a microstrip line has to be printed as a 50 Ω feed. Simulation results of the modeled antenna show that it offers a dual-band resonant behavior with a considerable resonant frequency ratio; covering a wide variety of wireless applications. Modeling and performance evaluation of the resulting antenna are carried out using the commercially available EM simulator HFSS, from Ansoft Corporation. A parametric study reveals that the proposed antenna offers fractional bandwidths of about 13% to 27% for the lower resonant band and 7% to 28% for the upper resonant band. The corresponding gain throughout these bands varies from 2.53 to 3.58 dB and from 4.08 to 5.76 dB respectively. This makes the antenna suitable for use in a wide variety of wireless applications. A fabricated prototype of the proposed antenna shows a return loss response which is in reasonable agreement with that theoretically predicted within the same swept frequency range. Furthermore, the proposed antenna exhibits good radiation characteristics at the resonant bands.

This research proposes “Integrated Network Intrusion Detection System (INIDS)" which is NIDS for wire/wireless networks. INIDN consider features of the three layers; transport and Internet layers for wire and data link layer for wireless. The proposal is a Data Mining (DM)-based INIDS, which trained over a labeled wire and wireless datasets (each transaction labeled normal, intrusion name or unknown), INIDS is a hybrid IDS (anomaly and misuse). INIDS, train and construct two separated proposed models these are, Wire-NIDS and Wireless-NIDS then integrate the two models to build the final INIDS. Wire-NIDS use NSL-KDD dataset; use Principle Component Analysis (PCA) as a feature extraction, and use Support Vector Machine (SVM) with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) as classifiers. Wireless-NIDS use proposed Wdataset dataset, use Gain Ratio (GR) as feature selection, and use Naïve Bayesian (NB) as a classifier. The results obtained from executing the proposed INIDS model showing that Wire-NIDS and Wireless-NIDS classifier accuracy and detection rate is generally higher with the subset of features obtained by PCA (8 from 41) and GR (8 from 17) than with all sets of features. Proposed confusion matrix of INIDS gives less confusion in detection rates with reduced features.

This paper presents an on-line nonlinear trajectory tracking control algorithm for differential wheeled mobile robot using optimal back-stepping technique based particle swarm optimization while following a pre-defined continuous path. The aim of the proposed feedback nonlinear kinematic controller is to find the optimal velocity control action for the real mobile robot. The particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to find the on-line optimal parameters for the proposed controller based on the Lyapunov criterion in order to check the stability of the control system. Simulation results (Matlab) and experimental work (LabVIEW) show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed on-line nonlinear kinematic control algorithm. This is demonstrated by minimizing tracking error and obtaining smoothness of the optimal velocity control signal, especially with regards to the external disturbance attenuation problem.

Recently, the on-line health monitoring have been considered in the research to obtain pragmatic e-health systems with low cost and high efficiency. In this paper, a mobile e-health system is proposed based on an algorithm over long terms evolution (LTE) technology that can be called as fourth generation (4G). This system controls the receiving of the transmitted health data from the patients under supervision and replies the responses of the considered algorithm. The responded signals include the required actions that should be performed by the patient and the hospital. The proposed system utilizes the LTE based mobile networks for the signal transmission to save the consumed cost spent on installing a specific wireless network. In other words, the patients involved in the proposed system are connected to the available mobile networks that cover the area. Additionally, the sensor readings are transmitted either from the patient's mobile device or from other consoles, which have ability to connect and synchronize with the considered mobile network. The simulation results show an efficient performance of the proposed system in terms of data transmission, control signals and decision.

There are many researches which study a design of antenna used in mobile communication. Adaptive arrays are expected to improve the performance of future wireless communication systems. The proposed reception system from mobile Satellite for handsets is an adaptive antenna system with a half wave and a loop antenna. The proposed adaptive antenna array is capable of improving the quality of the service of wireless systems through the ability to steer the radiation pattern in the direction of a desired signal source and to receive signals at a constant level despite the variations in the elevation angle and the attitude of the mobile satellite station. Antenna system was tested in the libratory and the result showed a good agreement between the simulation and measurements. By using the field strength meter (FSM) and for different distances from (3-33) cm, antenna system showed good performance in receiving signals from a moving satellite. The received signal is 4.3 dB more in the direction vertical to the antenna system access.

In this research, a design method for low complexity uniform and non-uniform filter banks is presented. These filter banks are targeted for audio and hearing applications. The design is based on using IIR allpass second order filters at the analysis stage. But since these filters will cause phase non-linearity, which in turn cause distortion at the output, the synthesis stages of these filters are designed in such way to remove the non-linearity of the phase. The phase non-linearity at the analysis stage is forced to be out of region of interest. By oversampling, the non-linear segments near the band edges are removed through specially designed synthesis filters. Compared to existing literature techniques, the new approach produced a very low computational power of the filter bank, as well as a lower input/output delay. The success of the method is demonstrated using Matlab simulation results.

Encryption is mainly used to transmit the data over networks. There are so many techniques introduced which are used to protect the confidential image data from any unauthorized access. Multimedia data contains different types of data that includes text, audio, video, graphic, and images with the increasing use of multimedia data over internet; here comes a demand of secure multimedia data. Most of the encryption algorithm available is generally used for text data and not suitable for multimedia data. In this paper 256-bit RC5 in quadrate design has been proposed. It is a secret-key block cipher that uses good features of RC5 algorithm using another overall structure design. In RC5 quadrate design of F-functions will be used instead of rounds. To ensure improving the encryption performance; mainly for images characterized by reduced entropy, the implementation of both techniques has been realized for experimental purposes. Comparative study with traditional encryption algorithms shows the superiority of the modified algorithm.