NTU Journal of Pure Sciences

Childhood respiratory tract infections are serious and dangerous clinical
forms that occur around the world, and adenoviruses represent one of the
most significant viruses that cause these respiratory infections in children.
The three species B, C, and E of the adenovirus are mostly responsible for
these infections. In addition, rapid identification of adenoviruses is
absolutely necessary to prevent overuse of antibiotics in patients, prevent a
local epidemic of adenoviruses, and treat severe infections that may cause
serious and fatal disease. The current study was designed to detect the
prevalence of the adenovirus antibodies in children in Nasiriyah city, Iraq.
For this reason, the blood samples were collected from August 2022 to May
2023 from patients less than five years old who were hospitalized at the
Muhammad Al-Musawi and Bint Al-Huda hospitals. The samples were
obtained from fifty child infected with acute respiratory tract infection.
Concerning the children with immunocompromised, underlying illnesses
and persistent pulmonary abnormalities, they were prohibited. All
individuals were investigated for the detection of Adenovirus-IgM and IgG
antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The
adenovirus IgM antibodies were found in 9 percent of respiratory patients,
and the highest rate was found in males 24 (29.17%), compared to females 2
(7.69%), and the highest rate of IgM antibodies in the age group 1day–12
months was 58.33 percent. These results were statistically significant (p <
0.05). Higher rate of adenovirus IgG antibodies was found in 23 (46%) of
adenovirus patients, and the highest rate was found in males (66.67%) than
that in females (26.92%), and the highest rate of adenovirus IgG antibodies
in the age group 37–60 months was (64.0%), while the lowest rate in the age
groups 1–12 months was (8.33%). These results were statistically significant
(p < 0.05).

In the present work, a magnesium oxide nanoparticle production process
that is inexpensive, ecologically benign, and repeatable is mediated by
Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. The purpose of this
study was to produce magnesium oxide nanoparticles by employing the
bacterial culture supernatant of (K. pneumoniae and S. aureus) and to
characterize them.The magnesium oxide nanoparticles were created
using an environmentally acceptable extracellular bio-synthetic
technique. magnesium nitrate was used as a source of MgO NPs. The
MgO NPs were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),
transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray
(EDX), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The
crystalline metallic MgO NPs' fifth main peaks were visible in the XRD
pattern. The MgO K. pneumoniae NPs UV spectrum showed a sharp
absorption peak at 330 nm and 334 nm for MgO S. aureus NPs.
According to the current study's findings, K. pneumoniae and S.aureus
bacteria can create MgO NPs extracellularly.

Machine learning and deep learning play an important role today in
the field of classification and prediction of diseases, particularly
through computer-assisted medical imaging and modern devices,
which aid in early disease detection, lowering the actual risk, and
assisting doctors in making a final diagnosis decision. Disease
classification using ensemble learning techniques was developed to
overcome the classification problem using a convolutional neural
network (CNN). Although CNN produces good results, it requires a
large dataset, limiting its use in classifying medical images due to its
limited data availability and privacy. The research and literature have
revealed that traditional machine learning algorithms perform poorly
when trained using unbalanced datasets. This research aims to shed
light on the use of ensemble learning in medical diagnosis, presents
ensemble learning techniques used in classification, reviews previous
research and work in which ensemble techniques were used, and
proposes ensemble learning as a way to increase the accuracy and
efficiency of classification systems by collecting the results of
multiple classifiers and outputting the most voted results. These
techniques improve the performance of a single model by using
multiple models and combining their predictions.

A concept of AWN-injective ring is defined by [1], that is, for any
???? ∈ ???? ???? , there exists ???? ≥ 1 and an Y-sub module ???????? of ???? (???? is aright ????-
module) such that ???????? ≠ 0 and ???????????????? ???????? = ???????????? ⊕ ???????? as left S-module with

????
S=End(????). If ???????? is AWN-injective module, then we call ???? aright AWN-
injective ring. In this note also continue to study some extensions of AWN-
injective rings. A mong others it is proved that, if ???? is aright AWN-injective
ring, so is ???????????? for ????2 = ???? ∈ ???? satisfying ???????????? = ????. Also prove that ???? is
reduced, and GW????-reguler ring, if ???? is a weak symmetric and whose every
simple right ???? -module is AWN-injective ring

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex condition influenced by
endocrine and immunological abnormalities, including chronic low-
grade inflammation. This inflammation involves dysfunctional
endotheliocytes, leukocyte accumulation, and pro-inflammatory factor
dysregulation. Immune cells and regulatory molecules play a critical role
in maintaining metabolic balance and modulating immune responses in
PCOS. Hormonal imbalances, such as low progesterone levels due to
irregular or absent ovulation, can overstimulate the immune system,
leading to autoantibody production. Immune cell dysfunction and
cytokine imbalances are also linked to insulin resistance,
hyperandrogenism, and obesity, further contributing to inflammation.
Obesity in PCOS exacerbates immune dysfunction, creating an
inflammatory environment that impacts fertility. Autoimmune diseases
may also arise from hormonal disruptions. Studies highlight the role of T
regulatory cells (Tregs) and ovarian cytokine imbalances in PCOS
pathogenesis, leading to androgen overproduction and ovulation loss.
Understanding immune dysregulation in PCOS could identify new
therapeutic targets to improve fertility outcomes..

A Spectrophotometry method was developed to be faster and more
sensitive to determine the purity of Hydrochlorothiazide
compound. This method is relying on the reaction of diazotization-
coupling using a meta-aminophenol reagent medium and factor to
give a yellow product at the wavelength 443 nm. This is will be
within the range of Beer's law (0.4-20 ppm), molar absorbance
(3.7843×104 L.mol-1.cm-1), correlation coefficient (0.9998), and
Sandellʹs sensitivity (0.00786 µg/cm2) Limit of detection (LOD)
(0.0226 ppm) and LOQ (0.0754 ppm). It has been successfully
applied to pharmaceutical preparations..