AL-MANSOUR JOURNAL

In this paper, a medical image recognition using Artificial Neural Networks
(ANN) trained by Particle Swarm Optimization based on hardware
implementation of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is presented, where
the adaption of the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) weights using Particle
Swarm Optimization (PSO) was proposed as a mechanism to improve the
performance of ANN. Also in this paper, Hardware Design of ANN platform
(HDANN) is proposed to evolve the architecture ANN circuits using FPGAspartan3
board (XSA-3S1000).
The HDANN design platform creates ANN design files using WebPACKTM
ISE10.1 program, which are converted into device-dependent programming
files for eventual downloading into FPGA device by using GXSLOAD program
from the XSTOOLS programs.

Knowledge constitutes an essential element of active administration in that it represents a source of creativity and of improving productivity through relying on systems and models centring on information technology .This is designed to achieve extensive benefits from technological progress and ,later, to employ them in the processes of manufacturing and production ,a thing that demands reconsidering the institutional structure of the establishment "units of institutional works". The organic and interactive relation between knowledge and the way it is administered has to be recognised . This Kind of administrative system occupies the first rank among the requirements that reflect constant awareness of scientific and technological progress.
This progress secures, in its turn ,the ability of the establishment to improve its performance and to promote its revenues . Accordingly , the opportunity for benefiting from the available capabilities has to be utilized . This attempt requires a kind of information technology and knowledge administration that facilitates taking appropriate decisions. The ultimate aim is to achieve competitive distinction and to allow the process of production to prosper, on bath national and international levels

This study aims to identified the importance of marketing in the field of
Open Access Electronic Journals and indicate their Websites on the
Internet, it is also discusses the importance of this sources as electronic
information sources competitor to other electronic information.
The study will includes proposal of a marketing plan for this type of
electronic journals which composed the following elements:
1- Develop a new product of electronic journals available in the standards of
scientific quality by:
 The value of Impact factor in specific field.
 The updating of articles information by measuring the journal Cited Half-
Life.
2- Development a good website which represent the fowling elements:
 Easy access to free electronic journals.
 Provide search capabilities and retrieval of information within a site of
periodic.
 Access to the full text of articles.
3- Determine the appropriate promotional tools available on the Internet to
ensure that increased demand for researchers to sites of these periodicals

Circular phase array antenna has wide application in Mobile
communication system for object to increase system capacity through
reduction of co-channel interference caused by a single cell adjacent cell.
These improvements in system capacity depend mainly on the antenna beam
pattern and directivity and the process is a kind of spatial filtering, known by
Space Division Multiple Axes (SDMA). In this paper a theoretical calculation
and MAT-LAB simulation was performed to evaluate beam pattern and antenna
directivity considering different design parameters such as number of radiator
element, circle radius, excitation current distribution, and beam scanning. This
paper show also through MAT-LAB calculation that by adopting such circular
array antenna in Mobile Base Station, leads to improve the reverse-link
capacity for a typical Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DSCDMA)
cellular mobile communication system.

In the light of the rapid shift towards the knowledge economy, the knowledge
and cognitive skills one of factors of production job, so the volume of
investment spending by business units and business organizations to invest in
the knowledge and the formation of these skills, but in fact there is no method
or technique which you can measure the size of the expected benefits of this
investment, so the aim of the research was an attempt to establish the
foundations and the criteria currently used to measure the productivity of
knowledge work and put a suitable replacement from the standpoint of a
researcher in measuring this variable at the level of economic units with high
knowledge content.

One characteristic of surface image is that the appearance of the surface
which is a function of the illuminant direction as well as of the surface
topography. Uncalibrated photometric stereo (UPS) is a method used for
estimating the surface normal and the surface reflectance of images without a
priori knowledge of the light-source direction or the light-source intensity. It is
used for shape estimation, surface description and determines illumination
direction with several kinds of applications and resources, mainly used for
machine vision techniques.
In this paper a face recognition system using Uncalibrated Photometric
Stereo technique was proposed. In this system a face image classified as
either known or unknown depending on the surface features that extracted
from an image using UPS. The system is trained with known faces images to
classifying the newly coming test image into one of the classes is the main
aspect of the classification system.
Many image databases with different types, poses, and illuminations were
used. The measurement of the performance, the efficiency, and the robust of
this system were presents. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed
system gives high classification rate results, even when the lighting condition
changes or when the images were noises. Also the face classification system
using the UPS gives better results from the view of classification rates and
execution times as compared with other techniques.

Corruption is a phenomenon that leads to discontent on the part of people. The
spread of corruption often ends in a failed state and the moral decline of
society. Legislations and religions stipulate that corruption and those who are
corrupted must be registered vehemently. They also warn them that they will
be this disgraced and punished. Corruption often has political and social aims.
Therefore, efforts have to be made to get rid of it. Bothe judicial and censorial
roles have to be activated for this purpose. I have divided my paper into an
introduction including a list containing recommendations, two sections and
several demands. The first section deals with religious , social and media
aspects , the second with judicial , legislative and penal ones .

The aim of this paper is to detect the hidden information in BMP images
when using Least Significant Bit (LSB) technique. In general, the passive
steganalysis system deals with some stego-tools based on three stages:
Diagnosis, Breaking and Extraction. In this paper we focus in Diagnosis
stage to attack a Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) algorithm as stego
tools. In the diagnosis process, the statistical analysis and visual test are
suggested as tools for detection. These tests are: Mean Square Error (MSE)
for stego-cover images, and Laplace Operator, chi-square analysis and
visual test for stego only attack.

Play the Process of money laundering and bleaching of money a serious role
on the national economy and its impact on the social level , because the
corruption baraknet investment and financial management has severely
damaged economically, politically and socially . Accordingly, it is their national
duty is to work to eradicate corruption in all possible means to achieve decent
citizen of the necessities of life all the happy kind . Therefore, we will address
corruption in all its tedious detail in this research we hope to achieve the
desired goals.

A sticky bomb is an explosive device, usually IED (Improvised Explosive
Device), which can be affixed to a vehicle either by magnetism or an adhesive.
Any person in our country has suffered from the effect of these devices, yet
nothing can be done to avoid the threat only one has to inspect his car
personally at each time he has to drive his vehicle, no tools are available for
civilian and in an affordable price to detect a sticky bomb without risking a
person’s own life.
The existing methods are very expensive yet not available for civilians, further
more it has a number of weakness points that we will discuss later, our
proposed method is efficient, cheap, easy to implement and has no weakness
point which may be exploited by terrorists, it depends on laser 3D scanning for
the bottom of the vehicle to form a 3D initial model and store it into the
systems memory, then when a person remotely activate the system it will
rescan the surface for changes and tampers, if such change is found an alarm
will be sounded reflecting the size of the change and locates the foreign body
on the car’s bottom surface.
This method can overcome the drawbacks of the existing methods and add a
new level of robustness for sticky bomb detection techniques to save lives in
our country.

Cryptography is the science of using mathematics to encrypt and decrypt data. Cryptography enables us to store or transmit sensitive information across insecure channel (like Internet), by making it unreadable except to intended recipient .A key is a value that works with a cryptographic algorithm to produce a specific cipher text .The bigger the key, the more security that we will gain. In the case when encryption system was executed on personal computer connected to the net or on the net server itself, the encrypted data security depends on:
• The strength of the cryptographic algorithm.
• The secrecy of key storage method and its immunity against direct physical attacks, or attacks from net.
There are many traditional ways for storing encryption keys (floppy disk, PC hard drive ,paper in our pocket ,paper stored in locked cabinet … ,etc ) .In this research there will be a try to increase the encrypted data security through two directions ,first by increasing the security of key storage by introducing a untraditional hardware physical module for that purpose ,and the second by increasing the role of encryption key into encryption algorithm executed on computer through :
• Introduce a new way for entity (user) authentication.
• Design of external hardware module attached to PC parallel port to improve encryption key storage security and Role.
• Gaining improvement in the security level for PC based encryption system (or any other microprocessor based) encryption system.

Abstract:
The importance of this research come from the aspect of international criminal court and their judicial specialization in justice the state's affiliates about the limited crimes enter within their specialist . at the same time these crimes mentioned on the judicial rules or even punishment laws of their countries .
So , the legal paradox will raise as a result of different between their specialization in application of positive rules with respect to the national courts, so that the manner require to search about this paradox .
Where the recent research explore to know the truth of international criminal court and the role played by charged the actually affection for the human rights. and the ways from to solve this dispute occur as a various specialization , from other side the privacy of specify the appropriate court to achieve like these claims from the view of penal claims .
The various cases in which belong to this type of research , this study depend on the logical and analytical method , to demonstrate some opinions related to the research topics and analysis .
The Research restrict to divide it in to three themes :
First one deal with judicial specialization for international criminal court
Second : processes of claims in front of criminal court
Third : specialization dispute from the view of penal claims .
The research ended by conclusion shown the most results and recommendations

The Randomness is one of the basic criterions to measure stream cipher
Efficiency. The stream cipher generator depends basically on Linear
FeedBack Shift Register which is considered as one of the basic units of
Stream Cipher Systems. In this paper, the frequency postulate of
Randomness criteria is calculated theoretically for non-linear stream cipher
systems before it be implemented or constructed (software or hardware),
this procedure save time and costs. Two non-linear stream cipher
generators are chosen to apply the theoretical studies; these key generators
are the Complement Product and Shrinking Generators. The theoretical
proofs of frequency estimation for the two key generators are introduced.

The problem of the finance and administrative corruption is regarded as one of the revealing problems in the contemporary life and happening in more terms that have social, psychic and ethic dimensions in any society of the world societies.
This problem considers as a challenge to the law force, crime affected human honesty and social structure values as well as its impact on many political systems.
This problem with its negative reverses on human psychological condition became as a problem demands field therapy, diagnoses reasons and the administrative, economic, ethic and social interventions which stand behind its happening.
To avoid and prevent this problem at this time is more difficult, unless all the authorities and organizations of state, civil social, mass media and legislative board take its responsibility to prevent it as much as they can.
The legal and control legislations prevent and forbid the misuse of authority or stealing public finance or took any kinds of bribe. But this problem is still going on in the society and its all organizations during (92) years of the Iraqi’s government life since the fetal stage of the state until now however it is going on towards diffusion and increase

The string matching problem occupies a corner stone in many computer science fields because of the fundamental role it plays in various computer applications. Thus, several string matching algorithms have been produced and applied in most operating systems, information retrieval, editors, internet searching engines, firewall interception and searching nucleotide or amino acid sequence patterns in genome and protein sequence databases. Several important factors are considered during the matching process such as number of character comparisons, number of attempts and the consumed time. This research proposes a hybrid exact string matching algorithm by combining the good properties of the Quick Search and the Skip Search algorithms to demonstrate and devise a better method to solve the string matching problem with higher speed and lower cost. The hybrid algorithm was tested using different types of standard data. The hybrid algorithm provides efficient results and reliability compared with the original algorithms in terms of number of character comparisons and number of attempts when the hybrid algorithm applied with different pattern lengths. Additionally, the hybrid algorithm produced better quality in performance through providing less time complexity for the worst and best cases comparing with other hybrid algorithms.

This research deduced from the subject that national court authority must be
viewing in to acts against natural persons or moral's that they make crimes
described in to interfacing authority with some excepting.
Otherwise the international courts joining with authority wider more than
national authority without missing the national authority unless the
circumstances that cannot ability to Judge the persons who their crimes are
called internationality.
So under all these thinks this research will be divided in to three parts chapter
one will be defined all content as competences theory as generally, the second
chapter explain the competences of courts national and (International), under
all Two criminals acts will be determined and finally chapter three is to explain
if there is a conflict between the two courts or more suitable.
Under all these in above this research is to investigating and insuring that
there is deeply infraction in the basis system of decisions to security council
authority Idle, stopping the investigating or juridical for personal not shortly
with under as renewing and discussed to a abolish all the paragraph (B) from
the article number (13) in the system .

In today world of advancement, it is mandatory task to share, distribute and
exchange the information like image, speech, text files throw public
wired/wireless networks. Therefore, security gains more and more importance
especially in those organizations where information is more critical and more
important. Instead of using the traditional encryption techniques, Biometrics
like speech uniquely identifies a person and a secure method for stream
cipher, because Biometric characteristics are ever living and unstable in
nature. In this paper wavelet packet transform used to decomposition each
frame in the speech signal, then present anew algorithm used two steps: (1)
addition of noise derived from three chaotic maps (Henon, Logistical, and
Ikeda) to the decomposition signal. (2) Chosen bio-chaotic stream cipher which
encrypted the speech signal to stored it into the databases to make it more
secure by using a biometric key and a bio-chaotic function. In this paper
present how to generate the bio-chaotic key by using any chosen frame (each
frame is that of 256 sample long) to make it the security key. Chaotic function
is used to make the algorithm more secure and make the process of the
encryption and decryption more complex. Experimental result of the algorithm
shows that the algorithm is faster, stronger and more secure. Use the matlab
version of eighth in the different treatments stage.

It became clear that the processes of building integrity and transparency and
anti-corruption should top the priorities of reform efforts necessary to activate
the economic development and sustainability, and dissemination of the
principle of transparency to all activities, programs and investment projects is
crucial in Iraq to make it free of corruption types.
The problem with research in the continued prevalence of abuse of public
power for personal use which could lead to corruption in the civil society and
thus undermine the civil state, which aspires to Iraqi society, and the
importance of research in raising the awareness of civil society in Iraq of the
importance of transparency as a tool for the prevention of corruption, and to
shed light on the experiences of countries able to build a national ideology in
the fight against corruption and worked on its implementation through a
variety of tools.
The research aims to illustrate the importance of the activities and programs
that will make Iraq free of the kinds of corruption, and the role of BSA in
support of transparency in cooperation with all actors of society, institutions
and individuals. The research found some of the findings and
recommendations for activating the activities and programs that will make Iraq
free of corruption.

Based on the principle of RSA, RSA cryptosystem using Chinese
Remainder Theorem (CRT) and square-multiply method is designed and
implemented, including large integer, generation of big primes and computing
extended greatest common divisor (EGCD) of big Integer.
The system designed as threads to include the necessary operation to
realize operation of computing decryption exponent of RSA algorithm which
specifies the number of modular multiplications needed to perform the
exponential process and the modulus to determine the size of the intermediate
results, hence; make use of the properties stated by the CRT and Fermat's
theorem. This paper focus on increasing RSA speed in the decryption part
based on CRT. The design of a class for generating special prime big Integer to
construct a special decryption keys and a class built as a thread to generate
special CRT modular exponentiations to construct the decryption keys. A
sequence of squaring and multiplications are used to decrease the time to
perform modular exponentiation on each generated prime Big Integer instead
of using exponentiation.
A Miller-Rabin probabilistic test is used to run on the Big Integers. It is
used to test an algorithm which generates a random integer with a primly
probability at a specific bit-length. Large random numbers were generated and
then a test for primarily using Miller-Rabin was tested.

With the rapid development of multimedia and network technologies, the
security of multimedia becomes more and more important, since multimedia
data are transmitted over open networks more and more frequently. Typically,
reliable security in storage and transmission of digital speech data, images,
and videos is needed in many real applications, such as medical imaging
systems, military image databases, as well as confidential video conferences.
In recent years, some consumer electronic devices, such as mobile phones,
have also started to provide the function of saving and exchanging digital
speech/music data, images, and video clips under the support of multimedia
messaging services over wireless networks, which is urgently demanding for
multimedia security.
A new proposed method is presented with high degree of security to calculate
the transform domain of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Inverse
Discrete Wavelet Transform (IDWT) by the pyramid algorithm. The pyramid
algorithm is permitted to construct the bases of the vectors of its transform,
this leads to more security in the system. Also by the pyramid algorithm, the
transformation process gives double the number of samples of the original
signal, while in any transformation the process gives square the number of
samples of the original signal. This work includes a mathematical presentation
the modification of DWT (with IDWT) followed by a second stage of DWT (multi
resolution) to compress the signal. Thus, the system ciphers the signal by two
dimensions (time and frequency) then compresses and ciphers it again. The
keys used throughout this paper are generated manually; the first algorithm is
for time domain, the second algorithm is for frequency domain and the last
algorithm is for compressing signal samples.
Finally, all the preceding methods give very inapprehensible compressed and
ciphered signal and intelligible decompressed and deciphered signal
according to numerical and graphical results, so this work gives 50%
compression ratio and approaches 10% error ratio.

The Financial and Administrative Phenomenon is considered one of those
phenomena that are recently spread among the world countries especially the
developing countries because of the fact that the Executive Administrative
Authorities are not complying with the clear and accurate legislations, and that
they are not following the transparent regulations through which supervision
can be conducted, in one hand, and the individuals negligence and their fair
that resulted from the lack of freedom in the other hand.
The research problem is summarized in the fact that corruption is not resulted
only by the Political Authority, but it has another partner which is represented
by the Private Boards, which made everybody responsible about this hatful
phenomenon. Everybody knows that corruption results cause social and
economic losses because it leads to hindering development projects,
prosperity achievement, weakening the democratic construction and affecting
the Institutions State.
The research aim is represented by the fact that supervision will lead to
fighting the Financial and Administrative Corruption which badly affect society
and economy. On the other hand, to remove all barricades that hinders the
achievement of the people prosperity in addition to enhancing the supervision
of the Institutions States Construction and strengthening the Democratic
Foundation.
The subject was discussed in three demands, the first was to identify the
General Inspector, and the second will discuss the Legal Nature of the General
Inspector, while the third will be dedicated to show the actions and methods of
the General Inspector's Tasks, which will be discussed successively .

We are living in the time of science and technology. The person who has the
Knowledge, and don't have the ability to manage and transform it in effective
way in performance with the best way, will not be able to face the challenges
and the competition's risks for self-steam. Especially with the beginning of the
third millennial, and dominating information economy or knowledge dependent
economy. So, having and acquiring information and knowledge becomes
insufficient.
Therefore, the importance of talk about managing knowledge and its role in
developing and preparing managerial leaders is considered one of the
important issues that the society-institutions are seeking for equally in private
and public sector to provide and efficient characteristics to enable it for
competing and achieving the best in the middle of a global information
economy. The content of the challenge in this time is the existence a national
intelligent capital.
So this paper is trying to focus mainly or showing the important challenges for
the knowledgeable informative economy in the digital time , it obliges the
necessity of taking care for developing national information capital in order to
improve the organizational performance with a future sight the range of
implementing information managements programs to prepare and develops
effective managerial leaders who participate to develop (raise) the institutional
performance level that will reflect , of course , upon the national economy.

Witness the banking arena of local and regional development dramatically in
the progress of operations of Islamic banking, whether in the form of the
establishment of Islamic banks, new or turning conventional banks to Islamic
banks, or in the form of open Islamic branches of conventional banks, in
addition to Islamic banks already exist, and in the international arena
institutions are international financial operations to provide Islamic banking,
has also been recently established Islamic Bank of Britain in London.
Although this development in Islamic banking is still in front of the Islamic
banks a lot of challenges and effort to the development of work systems and
the use of modern technology, and development and innovation of financial
instruments, local and international to meet the growing needs of clients and
face the competition banking domestic and international markets.
Islamic banks are different operations, all aimed to boost development in the
community and the investment comes in the forefront of these operations.
Investment and work legally acceptable as long as the methods and means are
not contrary to the provisions of Islamic law. This means the abandon interest
rate system currently in place in banks, non-Islamic, and to find a replacement
on the basis of partnership between the capital and the factor that will invest
the money and this is what distinguishes the Islamic economic system from
other systems, other economic, since the Islamic Investment ways and
methods of distinct aims to achieve the income from it. The most prominent of
these systems is the system of profit-sharing and speculative system and the
system of participation as well as multiple other systems

This paper is based on the idea of studying the role of human resources and
the individual human capital represented by the distinguished, leading and
creative group which has taken the responsibility of advancing their society
and its economic units. The group has turned the concept of wealth emanating
from natural resources with its important components and assets into capital
represented by money and other permanent financial realities. Ralph Stayr
refers to this capital today as intellectual capital, regarding it as the most
expensive assets of the companies. Stayer has recommended the attempt to
attract these companies and guide them towards participating in leading the
productive process in individual companies after evaluating their individual
human capital and after suggesting a number of ways for evaluation. He
advocates the idea of turning this capital into a capitalist share in a way that
resembles material shares for those who work financially together. On the
basis of this, the researcher has tried to overcome the problem represented by
the arguments of traditional accountants and to submit certain accounting
remedies that are affirmed in accounting books with the purpose of expressing
them in financial reports, of turning the individual human capital into individual
companies and to guide them from participating in work to participating in
capital.

There is no doubt that Anesthetics crime is one of the sociality crimes
which to hinder development of humanity and economic in societies ,and
crime passing for international borders , therefore necessitate for search in
rooting it legal in Iraqi legislation study treatment it as legal in other states and
this which I adoption it in my studying these and we chose number deferent
countries in the world for be first new studying for merge with comparison the
judgments nationally criminal in Iraq and in other states concerning struggle
and anesthetics Incrimination and crimes which contain it under framework it
the criminal and clarification corner it as felony and penalties it according to
lawful rules which were mentioned in patriotism laws as penalties law of the
Iraqi to number 111 for year 1969 and other laws and decisions which issued
for anesthetics Incrimination, I talked first briefly about the definitions
concerning with mention to point of view of Islamic sharia of it, Through the
research we studied this crimes in describing and analyzing it comparing with
deferent laws. for knowledge of concepts that crimes I was mentioned some of
conclusions taken from by our search text crowned it by mention a number of
the recommendations and suggestions which I see it necessary for struggle
and limitation of anesthetics crimes growth in our country Iraq