Kirkuk Journal of Science

An Experimental investigation of the effect of traditional additive on the
performance of spark ignition engine ,by use three traditional types, which were used as
additive (gasoline additive, Gema and T-max )that were added to pure fuel as a volumetric
ratio(1/6, 1/7.1 and1/8) respectively . The tests were done for pure blending fuel at various
speed revolution (600-3000 RPM).
The results showed that the engine performance increase with using traditional additive, the
brake power increases by (23%,18% ,and 12.6%) at using gasoline blending(T-max, Gema
& gasoline additive) respectively as combined with pure fuel, also increasing the brake
thermal efficiency, that maximum ( bth) for (T-max) approximately about (8%) and
minimum for (gasoline additive) about (3.7%).
The study showed that enhancement in the brake specific fuel consumption for (T-max
,Gema, & gasoline additive) by (5%,2%,and 1%) respectively compared for pure fuel. from
the results the traditional additive T-max type given best performance for I.C.E.

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite of many types of tissues,
including muscles and intestinal epithelium. The infection may be acquired or
congenital, the congenital form is most severe when maternal infection occurs early in
pregnancy. Toxoplasma serological tests have been used successfully to determine
whether the infection acquired in the recent or more distant past.
The aim of this study was to detect Toxoplasma gondii antibodies among
pregnant women in Kirkuk city by using different serological tests.
The study was carried out in Kirkuk Hospitals, and Primary Health Care Centers
to detect Toxoplasma antibodies among 319 pregnant women aged from less than 18 to
more than 35 years old. The period of study was from beginning of November 2003 to
end of May 2004.
The study showed that (117) cases out of (319) were positive for Toxoplasma
gondii (36.6%) by using LAT, and 54 case positive for IgM- ELISA (16.9%).
The highest rate of Toxoplasma seropositivity was among the age group 19-35
years (38.3%) by LAT and (18.75%) by IgM-ELISA.
The distribution of Toxoplasma seropositivity was higher in housewives than
officials and was higher in rural area than urban area by both methods.
The pregnant women who were in contact with animals showed higher rate of
seropositivity than those not in contact with animals. There was no relationship between
number of abortions and Toxoplasma seropositivity

This is a prospective study done in urology polyclinic of Azadi teaching hospital
in Kirkuk governorate from 1st of April 2009 to 1st December 2009. The study involved
75 patients complaining from enuresis and does not respond to non pharmacological
treatment.
The results of the study showed a higher rate of enuresis in males 45 (60%)
than females 30(40%), the peak age incidence 11- 13 years (37.3 %).
Regarding treatment the study showed that children received combination
treatment (Imipramine and Oxybutenine) has a better response rate (84.8 %) with fewer
relapse rate (15.6 %) after discontinuation of treatment than children received
Imipramine alone in which the response rate where (73.3%) and relapse rate (26.7%).
The study recommend combination treatment as a safe and effective treatment
for children who didn’t respond to single drug therapy.

In this article, a numerical study achieved to show the secondary flow behavior
inside narrow gaps having complex shapes. The gaps are forming from a system of hot
tubes compacted inside insulated container. All the possibilities of contact studied by local
views for different sections along the container. The flexible grid generated by two
differential equations in elliptic form which was suitable for all the complex sections
presented in this study. Boundary fitted coordinate system used to distribute the grid
orthogonally with all surfaces of contact. Niaver-Stocke equations together with the
energy equation used to complete the solution after changing its first and second degree of
partial derivative terms to computational domain using the Jacobia and metric
transformations. Numerical solution completed with a steady flow assumption, for this
purpose, a reasonable relaxation factors used to insurance axial slipping along the container
benefiting from the parabolic form of energy equation. The local patterns show inequality
in the effect and intensity of vorticity depending on the shape and location of the gaps.
Vorticity generate from a hot streams, it mixing the heat between the tubes and its intensity
agree directly with the gaps narrowing so that it disappear more rapidly compared with
other gaps which contact with isolated wall. Finally, the results clear that Vorticity would
not cause in enhancing in heat transfer coefficient directly with Rayliah number because its
intensity depend on the shapes and locations of the gaps inside the container.

The aim of the present study is to treat the industrials wastewater of Samarra drugs
factory (SDF) by using oven dried alum sludge in fixed bed column with down flow, in
performing the present study actual wastewater of (SDF) is taken to perform
experimental work. It also involve studying the effect of bed depth [50, 60 and 70] cm,
flow rate [2, 4 and 6] L/hr and particle size [2.8 and 5] mm. The dried alum sludge
packed in Pyrex column with 2.8mm diameter and50cm bed depth then increased the
bed depth to become 60 and 70cm with different flow rates[2,4and 6]L/hr for every bed
depth ,then used 5mm particle size with 70cm bed depth at different flow rate. The
samples were tested by using atomic adsorption apparatus type [shimadzu AA-6200].
The results indicated that the best removal percent of the pollutants [Ca, Zn, Fe, Cu, Cd
and pb], at 2.8mm particle size diameter and 70cm bed depth with 2L/hr flow rate. Also
the results indicated that the removal percent is directly proportional with bed depth and
inversely proportional with flow rate and particle size, and the removal percent different
from element to another.

The aim of this paper is to study the imbibition phenomenon in Kirkuk tertiary
reservoir (which is a dual-porosity system) and to isolate the individual effects of
various parameters on imbibition's recovery. It also addresses the importance of
characterizing the imbibition mechanism for analyzing the reservoir performance. A
surrounded matrix block by the wetting phase is presented for the purpose of better
understanding spontaneous imbibition characteristics. Numerous parametric studies
have been performed within the scope of this research. Results showed that the
temperature in Kirkuk tertiary reservoir crude oil have a substantial effect on the
imbibition recovery mechanism, and the wettability index at the reservoir temperature is
0.24, which indicates that this formation has a very weak water-wet characteristics.

Dreissena polymorpha mussel were collected from Al-Kadesia lake- Haditha /AlAnbar Governorate-Iraq, between November 2008 and February 2009. The animals
were exposed for 4, 8, and 8 mg zinc/L of water for 8 days. The soft tissue was
analyzed for the effect of zinc on total protein components and activity of five
enzymes (using colorimetric and /or electrophoretic methods).Zinc was found to
cause (a) Change in the intensity of some esterase patterns and increase of total
protein with increasing the concentration of zinc in the water (b) Increase in the
activity of the enzymes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamate oxaloacetate
transaminase (GOT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH ) and decrease in the activity of
acid phosphatase (ACP) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) with increase of
zinc concentration. These changes may be useful as an earlier indicator for water
pollution with zinc

Current day computer systems allow multiple programs to be loaded into memory
and to be executed concurrently. This evolution required protection among those
various programs. To ensure this protection, operating systems provide protected mode
that contains descriptor tables that in its turn, control access to memory segment.
In the Intel Architecture, and more precisely in protected mode, most of the memory
management and Interrupt Service Routines are controlled through tables of descriptors.
Each descriptor stores information about a single object (e.g. a service routine, a task, a
chunk of code or data, whatever) the CPU might need at some time.
In this research, these tables with their contents are studied and given a method to
know the contents of these tables and to study the behavior of the O.S, In other words,
access to the protected status and work with printing the contents of some special
registers that cannot be accessible only within the protected mode (Ring 0).
The program in this research is written in Assembly language (MASM version 7)
and tested under Windows Me. The program executed with 32-bit microprocessor,
because it contains instruction that can deal with the special registers (GDTR & LDTR)
that contains addresses of descriptor tables.

In this research, the kinetics study of one isoenzyme of Maltase, which purified
from the urine of diabetes mellitus patients was studied. Maltase isoenzyme was obeyed
Michaelis- Mentons eqution. The optimum concentration of their substrate Maltose was
(300 mmol/dm3
). Their Km values was determined. Isoenzyme of Maltase have shown
an optimum pH at (6.5) for phosphate buffer and (7.5) for tri ethanol amine. Maltase
isoenzyme obeyed Arrhenius eqution up to 25°C and their Ea and Q10 constant were
determined, after measuring the activity of Maltase of urine of diabetes mellitus
patients. Isoenzyme of Maltase was separated and purified in previous study from urine
of patients of diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To investigate wound healing as well as fibroblasts and neutrophil
numbers on a limited skin field which is previously exposed to combined Infrared and
Electrical stimulation.
Methods: 20 male rabbits were randomly assigned to two groups each one of 10
animals. The experimental group was exposed to combine Infrared (IR) and Electrical
Stimulation (ES) at dorsal area for three days respectively, in day four an incision was
made in the center of exposed skin then sutured. A biopsies were taken at 24,48,72
hours, week and two weeks after surgery for counting of fibroblasts and neutrophil
numbers as well as for histological observation. The same procedure was made for
control group without exposing to radiation and stimulation.
Results: There was statistically significant difference in fibroblasts and neutrophil
numbers between two groups (p<0.01). The number of these cells were higher in
experimental group than control in all periods. Histological observation revealed good
orientation of fibroblasts and collagen fibers in experimental group as well as excellent
wound healing.
Conclusion: This study suggested that application of IR combined with ES on limited
skin field have beneficial effects on fibroblasts and neutrophil numbers of a wound
created in same exposed field with good wound healing.

Blood samples were collected from myocardial infarction patients and control
groups in Ramady city / Anbar governorate – Iraq. Serum was used to know myocardial
infarction effect on the lipid profile, three enzymes activity, proteins and urea . The
results were showed the following: (a) Significant increment in cholesterol, triglyceride
, LDL and VLDL, while we were observed significant decrement in HLD and urea. (b)
Change in the electrophoretic bands of proteins by using polyacrylamide gel
electrophoresis. (c) Significant increment in enzymes activity of CK , LDH , GOT and
protein content in the myocardial infarction patients. (d) C-Reactive Protein was
showed that 84% of MI patients gave positive results .

In this paper we have calculated the electronic structure of Ni28 by adopting the RFA
model and compared with recent available measured data. It is found that 3d8.3
4s1.7
is
the best fractional electronic cofiguration for Nickel.

Serum adenosine deaminase levels was measured in patients with acute renal
failure and compare them with the results of healthy individuals. Serum adenosine
deaminase levels were found to be significantly higher in patient with acute renal
failure than in healthy individuals (63±20.1U/L) and (28±9.2IU/L), respectively. The
study was carried in optimum pH value (6.5) and optimum temperature
37ć by which enzyme possess highest activity, the activation energy (Ea) of the
reaction (ES-Complex) formation was estimated.

This study involves development of a simple spectrophotometric method and a new
flow injection–activated chemiluminescence (FIA-Cl) for the determination of Naproxen
(Nap) in Pharmaceutical preparations .
Spectrophotometric method was based on the oxidation of the (Nap) with alkaline
potassium permanganate, the reaction is followed spectrometrically by measuring the
absorbance of (Nap) at 608 nm .
The reaction time of oxidation of (48 min) method is adopted for determining the drug
concentration. The calibration graph was linear in the range of (0.4-2.8)µg.ml-1 with a
correlation coefficient of (0.9998), detection limit of (0.281) µg.ml-1
, molar absorption
coefficient is 2.348×104
L/mol.cm and a relative standard deviation RSD% of (3.12-
1.32%). The method of FIA-CL was based on the activation of luminol – cobalt – H2O2
chemiluminescence by (Nap). The linearity is (10-45) µg.ml-1 with detection limit of
(5.5)µg.ml-1
, and correlation coefficient was (0.9999) n=6 and the relative standard
deviation was (1.65-1.12%).
The two methods were applied successfully to determine the content of (NaP) in
pharmaceutical preparations with a recovery of 98.99%

Barite deposits located in Marsis locality of about 25km northeast of Zakho City
were hosted in Jurassic dolomitic rocks. The barite is extending for about 6km and
limited within about 38m thickness of dolomitic rocks. The thickness of the barite veins
varies between few centimeters to 2.5m which increases downward. The major mode of
occurrence of barite is as vein and cavity-filling. The barite and other minerals of vein
and cavity-filling deposits are typical of suite precipitated from low-temperature
hydrothermal solutions associated with igneous activity. Carbonate-hosted barite
deposits contain 0.237% BaO, 103ppm Zn, and 83 ppm Pb. These rocks are deficit in Fe
and F. Most of carbonate rocks are dolomitized, which provide appropriate physical and
chemical conditions that permitted the passage of mineral-bearing fluids. These deposits
are formed in carbonate platform setting and commonly developed in foreland thrust
belt.

Calculation of the relativistic and diamagnetic corrections of the gJ-factors have
been performed in order to find evidence of configuration interaction in 3Pconfiguration elements. The comparison between the experimental and calculated gJfactors of the ground configuration showed no evidence of configuration in C, Si and
Ge. In Sn, however, there is an indication that configuration interaction is present. In Pb
evidence of configuration interaction was found.

The text of this paper covers a generalization of the radial two-body nuclear
potentials and then derivation of a new formula to evaluate their matrix element. A new
formula was derived and applied successfully to calculate the single-particle matrix
elements of the spin-isospin dependent and spin-isospin independent potentials by using
a mathematica code.

Same basic properties of resonators from a wave – optical and from a ray
resonator were investigated. These properties play a pivoted role in determining both
the spectral properties of optical resonators and the behavior of rays inside such
resonators. In this investigation, the phase was used as a unifying concept. Furthermore
the basic expressions for paraxial two mirror resonators were considered a long with a
special case where the phase  assumes a rational value =2  k \N. In this case a
paraxial two-mirror resonator has, at the same time, a highly degenerate eign frequency
spectrum and supports closed periodic orbits that repeat after N round trips. Outside the
paraxial limit, these periodic orbits are still useful they allow us to make general
statements about the behavior of the phase for non paraxial eign modes. Also extend the
expressions for the paraxial two-mirror resonator so that can be used to analyse
paraxial resonators with astigmatic eign modes. Also, I suggest a possible application of
a degenerate two-mirror resonator as a high- resolution length- sensing interferometer. I
discuss its principle of operation and point out some limitations.

From standard x-ray diffraction chart for iron noticed that the effect of increasing in
carbon wt% are accompanied with the change in the volume of the iron unit cell, after diffusion
of carbon atoms it takes interstitial position between irons atoms, this will increase the edge
length of the unit cell by follow the relationship (Δ c =0.11285 ×C wt%), a permanent strain
happens with the change in the mean of the lattice spacing.
This relation between carbon wt% and the volume of iron unit cell can be use to predict
the carbon which is present in the iron alloy. The diffraction pattern act as an empirical
fingerprint for carbon % and their phases.

In this paper, we introduce the definition of contra homeomorphism functions,
contra k-homeomorphism functions, contra strongly k-homeomorphism functions and
contra S*-k- homeomorphism functions in intuitionistic topological spaces where k=
{semi, , per , }, and we give propositions to show the relations among them, some
counter examples are given for not implications. We give also a diagram to illustrate
these relations.

In this work, we study new system with a rich structure (the ShimizuMorioka system), which is exhibiting the Lorenz-like dynamics.
, 0 ...(1)
z z x
y x(1 z) y
x y
2
  
  
   




Where the dot denotes .
dt
d
the system obtained a Hopf bifurcation
(Supercritical and subcritical) for some values of
 . For the analysis we use
the center manifold and normal form theorem. A computer algebra system
using Maple (version 9) was used to derive all the formulas and verifying the
results presented in this work [Char, David].

This paper proposes a new algorithm for non-linear optimization to modify and
develop the conjugate gradient (CG) methods and to obtain a strong global
convergence. This algorithm is derived and evaluated numerically against the standard
(P/R and H/S)-CG algorithms and T/S algorithm using more than (20) standard wellknown test functions. The numerical results show that, Non –quadratic models are very
beneficial in most of the problems especially when the dimensionality of the problem
increases.
Introducti

In this work, we study new system with a rich structure (the ShimizuMorioka system), which is exhibiting the Lorenz-like dynamics.
, 0 ...(1)
z z x
y x(1 z) y
x y
2
  
  
   




Where the dot denotes .
dt
d
the system obtained a Hopf bifurcation
(Supercritical and subcritical) for some values of
 . For the analysis we use
the center manifold and normal form theorem. A computer algebra system
using Maple (version 9) was used to derive all the formulas and verifying the
results presented in this work [Char, David].

In this work, we study new system with a rich structure (the ShimizuMorioka system), which is exhibiting the Lorenz-like dynamics.
, 0 ...(1)
z z x
y x(1 z) y
x y
2
  
  
   




Where the dot denotes .
dt
d
the system obtained a Hopf bifurcation
(Supercritical and subcritical) for some values of
 . For the analysis we use
the center manifold and normal form theorem. A computer algebra system
using Maple (version 9) was used to derive all the formulas and verifying the
results presented in this work [Char, David].