Iraqi Journal of Aquaculture

The present study was conducted on two species of
cyprinid fish: Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) and grass
Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). The study includes the
effect of increasing salinity on survival rate, oxygen
consumption, glucose and total protein levels in blood
plasma, energy usage, food consumption and growth rate.
Common carp show more resistance to increasing salinity
with 90% survival rate in 15 g/l salinity. While grass carp
did not survive increasing in salinity more than 5 g/L.
Increasing salinity was accompanied with decreasing total
protein in blood plasma, increasing blood glucose,
increasing oxygen consumption rate and increasing energy
usage. Food intake was also decrease with increasing
salinity which results in decreasing growth rate for both
fish species. This study showed that salt stress negatively
affect food intake, energy usage and decrease growth rate.

In the present study the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis
was cultured under controlled laboratory conditions, in
Marine Science Center, Dept. of Marine Biology, the
temperature was 22 ºC. The rotifers feeding on two type of
food, the first was baker's yeast and second the animal
manure. General, used the animal manure was better than
baker's yeast. The density of rotifers culture at 22 ºC which
fed on animal manure was 145 ind /ml, while growth rate
was 2.67 and doubling time was 0.25 day. While, the
density, growth rate and doubling time of rotifers culture
at 22 ºC which fed on beakers yeast were 75 ind./ml, 2.01
and 0.34 day respectively. The importance of this study to
determined the ability to depending on animal manure as
cheap resource and available to improve rotifer growth
compared with baker's yeast. Additional, to suitable period
determined to culture of rotifer for supply it to larvae of
fish and crustacean.

The present study was included limitation,
distribution, spread and resources of pesticides in
water (Dissolved and suspended), sediments from
three stations Al-harrir, Al-sulal and Al-burga). This
study was extended from January, 2009 to December,
2009 during low tide times. The highest
concentrations of pesticides in sediments was recorded
for Lindane pesticides in February 497.5 µg/ kg and
lowest concentrations 0.01 µg/ kg was found for
Dialdrin in March at Al-harrir station and in
November at Al-sulal station. Percentage ratio of total
organic compounds (TOC) and grain size analysis of
sediments was measured and Significant correlation (r
= 0.98) were recorded between TOC% and total
average of pesticides at tree stations and no
Significant correlation were found between silts and
total average of pesticides

The aim of this investigation is to process a fish
protein concentrate from a freshwater fish Tilapia zilli ,
the fish brought from local Basrah market , some of it
minced , and the rest dried in the oven at 70 °c for 48 hr.
, a saline solutions of 1% and 2% had been used to
hydrolyze the fish flesh . The chemical composition of the
fish were 56.86 % protein (N× 6.25) ,19.13% fat and
18.11% , while for the processed protein concentrates
were 77.40% , 85.05% protein (N× 6.25) ,10.58% , 6.00%
fat and 5.41% , 6.13% ash for the two saline concentrates
1% and 2% respectively . The obtained yield was 68.55 %
of dried fish. The processed products were characterized
with light brown color and acceptable fishy smell.

Field survey of Aquaculture farms in Basrah governorate
was done during 2007. The study showed that there are 80
fish farm with total area of 773.5 donum, while it was 16 fish
farm during 2003. 75 % of the fish farms were less than
25000 m² (10 donum). 53.9 % was excavated pond, 34.2%
concentration by half ground pools and 11.8 % was dyke
pond. About 87.5 % of it using pump while 12.5 % used tidal
current for water supply. This study showed that 95 % of
fishes source was from Marine Science Center Hatchery and
the other were from natural environment. The poly culture
was main type and composed 93.75 of fish farm, the rest fish
farm used the monoculture type. The total number of farmed
fish during 2007 was 514625 fish, common carp Cyprinus
carpio was the main species (63.5 %) followed by grass carp
Ctenopharyngodon idella (22.6 %), silver carp,
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (10.8 %), Acanthopagrus
latus (1.39 %), mugil sp. (0.33 %) and Barbus sharpeyi
(0.13 %). Work men were 312 person 52.8 % have
intermediate school, 23.9 % illiterate, 15.7 % primary, 4.2 %
bachelor, 2.8 % Diploma and 0.35 % secondary school. Most
of the aquaculture activity was concentrated in north Basrah
especially in Al-Mudeina Shire and Al-Qurna Shir

This study aimed at investigating the impacts of aquatic
extracts of two macrophytes Typha domingensis (Pers) and
Lemna minor(Lamarc) on the Ecophysiology of the
common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus) reared in waste
water. A total of eighty fish were divided into four groups,
each group consists of ten fish. Four treatment were used
with two replicates of they were made as follow; waste
water, clean water (control), waste water- extract of T.
domingensis and waste water- extract of L. minor. Healthy
freshwater common carp weighing about 35.75 ± 0.60g
were obtained from the aquaculture station of Marine
Science Centre /University of Basrah. Physicochemical
properties of waters used were recorded and controlled.
The diet given to waste water–aquatic plant extract groups
was mixed for one night. Blood smears were taken. White
blood cells/1 mm3 were counted by using Neubaur
Improved Haemocytometer and light compound
microscope. The results indicated that the number of white
blood cells of common carp for the control sample was
more than that of waste water. While the numbers of white
blood cells of the fish in separately treated waste water with
T. domingensis and L. minor extracts were close to the
number of the control sample. Blood smears of fish reared
in clean water (control sample), waste water- T.
domingensis extract and waste water- L. inor extract
seemed quite normal, where as the smear of the blood of
fish reared in waste water showed abnormalities in the
blood such as disruption of cell walls and deformation of
the shape of red blood cell.