Journal of The Iraqi University

summary
This paper deals with the semantic issue of the Holy Quran in the context in which the word was mentioned and how it is used and used to give meaning to the meanings and meanings of moral,The importance of the study: The researcher has followed a set of words that linguists call synonymous term by tracking the exact meaning and highlighting the intended significance and difference between those words that correspond to the sources and differ in the concept has emerged from the importance of research from this recital is addressing the issue was and still is a difference Between linguists and interpreters. The subject of significance remains a breeding ground for scientific research in the light of the modern linguistic theories, which were not overlooked by our former scholars but dealt with some of the modern issues and the conflict between them between linguistics between expanding its acceptance and dropping its concepts on the Koranic text Between them conservative and perhaps this research sheds light of this recital by addressing some wordy and followed Tagged and study Magamaa and then detect the precise semantic meaning that it has been employed in the Quranic text and this in turn reveals part of the Quranic MiraclesObjectives of the study: The study aims at the semantic research in the Holy Quran to highlight the graphic issues that still need to be studied and discussed especially in relation to the semantic aspectsLimitations of the study: The study can be determined within the scope of words that bear similar connotations and can be followed by the detection of the symbolic range and its characteristics in the Koran The problem addressed by the research: The problem is about the diversity resulting from the diversity of semantics of the convergent words in the Koran and from these words are convergent words of speech defects (Chriss, Ajm, melody, Lg, nm)Methodology used in this study: The researcher used the method of semantic analysis of vocabulary and reference to the lexicon meanings used by the Arab in their language, adopted differences between the contexts used in the word contextThe most important results of the research: The Qur'anic singularity can not be limited to its meaning in one sense, but there are other meanings determined by the context and explained in the article (stoning), the miracle in the use of words if each word can not be replaced by another word and this leads to the denial of the idea of tandem

Abstract
Praise be to God, and may blessings and peace be upon the Messenger of God, his family, his companions and his companions. The topic of my research was “The duality of pillars and pegs in the Holy Qur’an, an objective study.” The pillars and pegs are a form of the greatness of the Creator, may He be glorified and exalted, and they guide us to the virtue of contemplating the cosmic verses, and how God created the heavens in their capacity, greatness, and tightness without the pillars on which to rest, and how he established this great land with the great mountains, and made it like pegs to settle and inhabit its people. These scenes suggest to the heart something great, and the soul’s movement towards the Creative Creator of these creatures, and we, in our present time, are in dire need of such topics. Because many Muslim youths are beginning to incline and deviate from the religion of truth to atheism, we need topics that show evidence of the Creator's greatness and his oneness for these young people. Therefore, the Qur’anic verses were collected in which the word pillars and pegs were mentioned, and there were eight verses, and what is meant by columns are the pillars on which the thing is based, and it is the basis of the building.
As for the pegs: it is what was part of it visible on the surface of the earth, and most of it is submerged in it, and its function is to fix others, because the mountains are the pegs of the earth as an analogy, because they anchor them and protect them from the field and turmoil.
The research method required that I divided by an introduction and three sections preceded by an introduction and followed by a conclusion. God bless our Prophet Muhammad and his family and him.

Conclusion
The call of our master Yusef - peace be upon him - is a call related to belief in particular, for most of his words were about the monotheism of God Almighty, and the rejection of idolatry and leaving it to people who do not believe in God Almighty or the Last Day. God Almighty, and since this was the case and we must clarify this important doctrinal meaning, and what our distinguished scholars said in this regard, and the approach of our master Joseph - peace be upon him - in determining the doctrine is an ambiguous matter for a large group of people, because of distorting the belief and replacing it with the principles and ideas of human beings, A move away from the divine doctrine that is suitable for every place and time, as it is the correct method for humanity, and to the rise of the Hour.

Conclusion:
My research dealt with the hadiths of the virtues of the times in light of the purified Sunnah of the Prophet, in addition to mentioning their evidence in the dear book.

Abstract
This research examines the jurisprudential choice of Ibn Hazm al Dahiri in some issues of reinforcement and no one in his local book. The research concluded with several results, the most important of which is the emergence and statement of the personal opinion of Ibn Hazm in these three issues based on evidence from the holy Quran and Sunnah (mercy of God) in the amount of reinforcement that it shouldn’t exceed ten lashes for each sin because this amount set by changing the evil by hand, which order our prophet Muhammed peace be upon him and then the amount of reinforcement in the accountability of deliberately abandoning the prayer. The person who refrain of pray didn't kill, because this isn’t mentioned in the text or consensus but just disciplined without killing.
Key word: Juristic choice, punishment of Tazir, The person who don’t pray

Preface
Praise be to Allah and peace and blessings be upon the Messenger of God, his family and peace
And after It is well known that the law that was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him had come to explain the ruling of God in all aspects of life, religious and worldly, and the work of the Prophet, peace be upon him to guard the religion and state policy, so like those who succeed him and his deputy, Caliphate on behalf of the Prophet him in the custody of religion and politics parish and state-building, and is obliged to preserve the religion and walk in its mundane to clear guidance is indicated by Sharia, and that there are rules and established the legitimacy of governing the relationship between the parish on the one hand and the ruling on the other hand, came to research this (the relationship between the ruler and the ruled in Islamic law) to shed light on this important aspect of Islamic legislation, and includes a search four demands and a conclusion which showed the most important findings, and these demands are: first requirement: Caliph definition of second requirement: must governor's inauguration, the third requirement: the relationship between the ruling and the ruled, the fourth requirement: rule out the ruling.That I was of the reconciling God to me but missed it myself and Satan God and ask forgiveness for any failure may Badr me and thank God and prayed God to the prophet Muhammad and his family and him.

Abstract
The ability to correctly perform ijtihad (interpretation and application of Islamic law) is considered to be the culmination of sound religious knowledge and understanding, and the basis for the attribution of the highest ranks of honor to religious scholars, who are the heirs of the prophets, peace be upon them. Although many Islamic legal scholars agree that there are two conditions necessary for a person’s qualification and eligibility to perform ijtihad - knowledge and moral character, some of them do not consider moral character to be a requirement for them to do so, and only stipulate it for the issuance of fatwa (legal verdicts).
The aim of this research is to examine the validity of the stipulation of moral character as a condition for the qualification of Islamic scholars to perform ijtihad, critique differing opinions on the subject, and assess the positions of classical scholars who did not directly address the issue, by engaging in a combined descriptive and analytical approach of the arguments and evidences of various classical Muslim legal theorists and the bases for their disagreements, predicated by a discussion of the standards of moral character in Islam.
This research was concluded with a number of results, the most important of which are that:
1. Knowledge and justice are both conditions for the mujtahid (person who performs ijtihad) to reach the required degree of diligence, whereas there can be no proper interpretations made while a person is in a state of ignorance or immorality.
2. Attributing the opinion that moral character is not a requirement for proper legal interpretations to the vast majority of Islamic legal theorists is erroneous. Rather, some of them stipulated this, while many of them did not mention the issue, except in reference to the interpretation itself, instead of the personal character of the scholar.
3. The deniers of the requirement of moral character as an attribute for proper Islamic legal interpretation have not presented any direct evidence to support their opinion, and, therefore, their arguments are subject to discussion and refutation.
4. A number of quranic verses and prophetic hadith indicate that moral character is a requirement for a person to be considered qualified to interpret religious texts.
Key words: legal interpretation - Islamic law - morality - fatwa - legal theory - immorality - ethics

Conclusion:
This research aims to identify the degree to which the teaching staff of the Department of Qur’an Sciences and Islamic Education at Diyala University possesses the competencies of e-learning management from the point of view of their students, and to achieve the goal of the research, the researcher formulated the following question: What degree is the teaching of the Department of Qur’an Sciences and Islamic Education at Diyala University possessing the competencies of e-learning management from The viewpoint of their students ?, and the researcher followed the procedures of the descriptive approach, and the research sample included (100) male and female students from the Department of Qur’an Sciences and Islamic Education at Diyala University. The researcher chose them randomly, by (50) students, and (50) students. The researcher relied on the questionnaire as a research tool, and its final form consisted of (19) paragraphs, and three alternatives are: (high, medium, weak and very weak). The appropriate statistic, namely: the arithmetic mean and the standard deviation, the researcher concluded that the degree to which the teaching staff of the Department of Quranic Sciences and Islamic Education possessed the competencies of managing e-learning from the viewpoint of their students was of a (medium) degree, and in light of the research result, the researcher recommended that universities adopt the competencies reached by this research.

Abstract
The relation between security and the media is strong relationship as the media in its various print and audio-visual media play an emergent role that effects in support the raise of security awareness and culture Which made the security media a very important and vital role in society and basic pillar tp support security and preventive sense in the people by their cooperation in maintain security and stability .In the context of Arabic media care in building strong and cultured personality in the Arabic child and in certain degree of awareness in security events in the society ,Majid channel for Children is care to produce and introduce cartoon series for children that aims to raise security awareness in them The researcher made analysis for the content of 15 episode from the cartoon series ( Captain Khalfan and The team of Criminal Investigation) showenby Majid Channel for Children to expalinthe role of media in establish security awareness in children and to learn the values and knowledge that the content the media security message bring to Arab children deals with .Keywords:(Security Awareness , Security Media , Cartoon )

Abstract
The study aims at clarifying the meaning in the Andalusian poetic text and its production and to remove the ambiguity which tainted it. Then to clarify and monitor its semantics which differ or about, due to semantics differences and variety. As well as trying to interpret and receive make the theory of reading and receiving an active part in it. This has led us to hold a critical compromise between the connotation and denotation of the text in which the authors are keen to allow the recipient to dive and search for the meaning that disappeared behind the structures and stylistic formations that contributed significantly to deviate the meaning out of the path into a range of aesthetic functions. Keywords: production, meaning, poetry, Andalusian

Study summary:
Knowing the effectiveness of the group investigation model in developing contemplative and systemic thinking for students of the Noble Qur’an sciences departments in the subject of the Prophet’s biography. The experimental design with partial control was chosen for the experimental and control groups. The researcher chose the sample intentionally. A) randomly so that the experimental group is to be taught the group investigation model, and division (b) is also chosen randomly to be the control group and taught in the traditional manner. Before starting the experiment, the equivalence of the students of the two study groups was achieved statistically in a number of variables that affect the safety of the experiment, including (general rate, age Chronology in months, IQ test, pretest scores for reflective and systemic thinking) The researcher prepared two research tools represented in two pre- and two-dimensional exams, one for contemplative thinking and the other for systemic thinking, which were characterized by validity and consistency. The results were analyzed statistically by using the T-test for two independent samples, which showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups, in favor of the experimental group.

ABSTRACT
The study aimed to identify the problems experienced by cancer patients and the role of family and friends in the provision of social support for them, the study consisted of a sample of (76) patients diagnosed with cancer from hospitals and private clinics of Erbil in Iraq, and (16) cancer patients were interviewed. The descriptive approach was used, and a questionnaire was developed to gather sample responses. The results showed a high level of problems experienced by cancer patients and the role of family and friends in the provision of social support from the perspective of cancer patients, and the lack of statistically significant differences in psychological and social problems experienced by cancer patients differences, and the role of family and friends in the provision of social support for cancer patients, depending on the variables of sex, and age of the disease, the type of injury, and the results showed that there were differences in the role of friends the provision of social support for cancer patients, depending on the variable age group in favor (40 years and above), and in the light of the results of the study, the researcher recommended the need to awareness the cancer patients families and friends of their role in the positive impact in improving the psychological state of the patient.
Keywords: Cancer patients, Social support, Family, Friends.

ABSTRACT This research aims to solve the problem of selection using clustering algorithm, in this research optimal portfolio is formation using the single index model, and the real data are consisting from the stocks Iraqi Stock Exchange in the period 1/1/2007 to 31/12/2019. because the data series have missing values ,we used the two-stage missing value compensation method, the knowledge gap was inability the portfolio models to reduce The estimation error , inaccuracy of the cut-off rate and the Treynor ratio combine stocks into the portfolio that caused to decline in their performance, all these problems required employing clustering technic to data mining and regrouping it within clusters with similar characteristics to outperform the portfolio building models to diagnose those stock that Causing a decrease in portfolio performance ,our conclusion is Clustering technic outperforms the diagnosis of those stocks that meet the condition of opting into the optimal portfolio according to common considerations, but after excluding them, the performance of optimal portfolio is rises .Key words: optimal portfolio, fuzzy cluster algorithm, single index model

Abstract:
Today we live in an era of shortening distances and a tremendous development in the media and its technologies, and as it is known that the media have great power through which people can change the wills of the people, reformulate the priorities of society and the possibility of forming a global culture. Because television has multiple functions, it works to attract the largest possible number of audiences to provide various programs and services of entertainment, entertainment, thrill and excitement, and to provide an opportunity to choose in front of the recipient according to his preferences.
The problem of this research is a study of the exposure of the elderly to the Indian series dubbed by satellite channels and the achieved satisfaction, and according to the above, the research problem which we are about to answer the most important questions is:
• What are the reasons for older people watching dubbed Indian soap operas?
• What are the most popular "social - romantic - political - historical - mythological) content of the elderly?
What is the intensity of watching dubbed Indian soap operas by elderly people?
What are the Indian cultural styles most preferred by the elderly?
This research is based on testing hypotheses, the most important of which are:
• The first hypothesis: There is a statistically significant correlation between elderly people's viewing intensity of dubbed Indian soap operas, and their acquisition of certain cultural patterns.
• The second hypothesis: There are statistically significant differences between the exposure of the elderly to the Indian soap operas, and the reported satisfaction from them.
The importance of the research is embodied in the fact that it deals with an important phenomenon that emerged after the occupation of Iraq, namely the dubbed Indian series and the great popularity of watching them in the Arab world.
The research aims to follow the scientific methodology through correct steps and procedures to achieve a set of basic objectives that can be summarized with (knowledge of the elderly’s exposure to Indian series dubbed by satellite channels and the verified gratifications). This research is considered descriptive studies in terms of type, and the research also used the media survey method Which represents an organized effort to obtain data, information, and descriptions of the media phenomenon in its immediate status with the aim of forming the basic base of the required data and information. The research community is represented by the elderly in the city of Baghdad, whose population is estimated according to data, statistics and information (the Central Bureau of Statistics / Ministry of Planning), which reached Approximately 4.665.300 million people according to 2020 estimates. A relative stratified (cluster) cadastral random sample was selected according to data and statistics taken from the Ministry of Planning (Central Statistical Organization) taken according to the standard (name of the governorate, district, locality, and alley) and the sample size reached 400 Single female and male. The research reached a set of results, most notably:
1- (42.5%) of the respondents confirmed in the first place that they are always exposed to Indian soap operas dubbed on satellite channels, and sometimes in second place (35.0%).
2- (62.5%) of the respondents specified, in the first place, that they follow dubbed Indian series from beginning to end, and in the second place they follow a part of it at a rate of (32.5%).
3- (52.5%) of the respondents specified that they spend 2-4 hours exposure to dubbed Indian channels, and more than 5 hours came in second place, with (27.5%).
4- (57.5%) of the respondents specified that they prefer to watch dubbed Indian soap operas in the evening, while (25.0%) of them indicated that they prefer to watch them in the evening.
(50%) of the respondents indicated that they watch dubbed Indian series accompanied by their parents
Key words: satellite channels, the elderly, Indian soap operas.

summar
The issue of Islamophobia was of great importance in legal jurisprudence because it had a negative impact on the unity of societies and their internal and external stability and also because of what this term raised from much controversy in the political, religious and legal arena, and in general we find that every crime has an insane motive that pushes the perpetrator to commit it, regardless of type This crime and its degree of gravity, and despite the importance of this motive, we find that its role in Arab laws and legislations is limited to aggravation, reduction, or punishment within the limits of the legal text, while we find foreign laws and legislations that pay great attention to the motive for the crime, especially the issue of Islamophobia if it is the motive of the crime, A number of legislations have been drawn up for these crimes And Islamophobia means fear or prejudice and hatred against the Islamic religion or Muslims in general, especially when it is viewed as a geopolitical force or a source of terrorism, and for a not so long time in the Christian West, Muslims were seen as a danger before they were a problem, and therefore we find that contemporary Islamophobia is formed. As a result of the relationship of contradiction with the Muslim reality with biological and cultural racism, Islamophobia or hatred, they constitute crimes that are inflicted on persons or property due to religion, color, race or origin And it becomes clear to us that Islamophobia today is just an update of the old fear and hatred against Muslims and fear of Islam, and it becomes clear to us that it is a real issue that may be ignored by many, but it is actually present in practical life, so there must be moderation and non-prejudice against the Islamic religion and that this moderation It does not mean that the individual surrenders his religion, beliefs, and ideas…,Etc Rather, it is an implicit recognition that the intellectual and ideological difference is the nature of human beings whose rights and freedoms were guaranteed by the divine laws before the situation, and it is an important topic in order to avoid the hatred and Islamophobia that is instilled in the souls of citizens of one another against each other, that Islam is a responsibility that rests with Everyone, and we find that there is a necessary need in order to increase awareness of how Islamophobia and all forms of racism affect the lives of people in the modern world. Keywords:Islamophobia,societalsecurity, the social fabric Islamophobia, hate practices

1. Einleitung
Das Präsens ist nicht nur die häufigste deutsche Zeitform sondern auch das gebräuchlichste Tempus in unterschiedlich struktuierten Sprachen der Welt, denn es hat den größten Anwendungsbereich. Eine solche vergleichende Analyse ist in kontrastive Linguistik unterteilt. Die Zeitformen und ihre Verwendung sind seit Jahrzehnten Gegenstand vieler Sprachstudien. In dieser Arbeit wird es versucht, die Besonderheiten der deutschen Zeit darzustellen, um festzustellen, wie sie ins Arabische übersetzt wird, d.h was die deutsche Sprache offiziell für die Übersetzung der Bedeutungsvariante des Präsens der arabischen Sprache bedeutet. Es wird nach einem Vergleich zwischen den beiden Sprachen gesucht, um auch zu zeigen, wie eine Sprache wie Arabisch eine Reihe von Zeitstufen mit bestimmten Einschränkungen ausdrücken kann, die sich auf aktuelle oder vergangene Geschehnisse beziehen, obwohl diese Sprache unterschiedliche Ausdrucksformen hat. Es sollte auch geklärt werden, ob die deutschen vergangenen Zeiten vorbei sind. Beispielsweise kann es sich bei der Übersetzung ins Arabische auch auf nicht vergangene Zeitstufen beziehen. Ein Vergleich zwischen den beiden Sprachen soll auch zeigen, wie eine Sprache wie Arabisch eine Reihe von Möglichkeiten ausdrücken kann, die auf vergangene oder gegenwärtige und sogar auch zukünftige Geschehnisse verweisen, obwohl diese Sprache unterschiedliche Formen hat, diese Möglichkeiten auszudrücken. Zur Klärung der Zeitstufen, und zwar das Präsens in deutscher und arabischer Sprache sollten grammatikalische und literarische Texte verwenden; im Vordergrund stehen die koranische Texte, auf denen die Grammatik der arabischen Sprache basieren. Die Beispiele werden sorgfältig aus verschiedenen grammatischen Quellen ausgewählt, sowohl auf Arabisch als auch auf Deutsch. Ich bin sehr daran interessiert, Beispiele auszuwählen, die die charakteristischen Merkmale der deutschen und arabischen Zeitformen darstellen und die Bedeutungsvariante des Präsens widerspiegeln. Ein Wort des Dankes möchte ich Herrn Prof. Dr. Muafak Almuslih für seine Unterstützung bei der Anfertigung dieser Arbeit.

Abstract
As old as Abel and Cain the dichotomy of good and evil has been concentrated on. Such a dichotomy is repeated throughout history, specifically during and after wars. As a result of World War II, abhorrence and violence are shown in people’s behaviour broadly. It is thought that people’s behaviour is affected by the nature of the environment they live in. However, other factors like the political system or the society are blamed for these evils too. Good and evil are represented in William Golding’s Lord of the Flies (1951) in a unique way to prove that the eternal battle between them continues. The two concepts are first introduced, followed by analyses of the most important characters and the impact of nature and nurture on the events. The purpose of such analyses is to discover and comprehend the background of people’s behaviour and the motives that lead people to behave badly. Hence, through a critical analysis to the novel, the individual’s responsibility towards evil will be expressed and a society change by transforming the individuals will also be shown