Dirasat Mosiliya

The research is an attempt to study the efforts made by al-Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī in his codification of the information of the Scholars of Mosul as mentioned in his book Ta'rīkh Baghdād or Ta'rīkh Madīnat al-Salām wa Akhbār Muhāddīthihā wa dhīkr Quttanīhā al Ulmā' min ghyr 'Ahlīha wawa Ridiha . Many major transformations in Islamic culture, and the capital, Baghdad, became open to many of the cultures that prevailed in the era, which affected, in one way or another, the movement of historical recording in this era.
The research included addressing several axes, including:
First axis: An introduction to Al-Khatib Al-Baghdadi.
Second axis: General observations on Al-Khatib Al-Baghdadi's approach.
Third axis: Studying in Baghdad
Fourth axis: The scientific qualities of the translator for them
Fifth axis: Al-Khatib Al-Baghdadi’s narrations, Quoted abu Zakariya al-Azdi from his book Tabaqat Al-Ulama min ahl al-Mawsil

The Baghdadi school is one of the most important technical schools of the Arabic calligraphic methods and written styles, and it has spread in the Islamic world, and it has opportunity to spread and be immortal reputation in Mosul, the Levant, Egypt, Yemen, Morocco, Andalusia and even the east of the Islamic world, and what we mean here in particular are two methods related to Arabic calligraphy, which appeared in Baghdad, the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate, specifically in one of the Mansubah, and free-form font style, and its axis is the Thuluth line specifically. The Abbasid calligrapher, Ali bin Hilal, known as Ibn al-Bawab al-Baghdadi, (Died in 1022 AD) who abled to improve the method of his predecessor, the calligrapher Abu Ali Muhammad bin Ali bin Al-Hussein, known as Ibn Muqlah (died in 328 AH / 939 AD) in the Thuluth line, and improving its performance, and what distinguishes the Ibn al-Bawab style in the Thuluth line, is the shortness of the standing up and straight letters, their thickness and embodiment, with a large size in their heading, lengths and accurate fine ends, with the addition of ornaments, improvements and calligraphic decorations such as tarfeel and tawreek

The coming of Baghdad's ‘ulama to Mosul during the sixth and seventh centuries of hegira / the twelfth and thirteenth centuries had a huge effect on prosperity, and on the development of the intellectual life through teaching and authorship, scientific-related meetings, and giving sermons. The 'ulama's existence in Mosul played an important part in the documentation of the scientific relationship between the two cities, and their number was twenty scholars. Their number was small in comparison with number of those who came to other cities like Damascus and Cairo over two centuries. Their coming was of qualitative value nor than of quantitative one, and this is what we tried to shed light on .
The research paper reached some results, among them that the comers who came to Mosul whose activities were limited only to the scientific side, and that denotes to the absence of political activity there, and that idea is one of many reasons which led to their move to Mosul.

The advancement and progress of society can only be inspired by its immortal heritage in any of the areas of its life and its public and private affairs. The cities of Baghdad and Mosul are part of the heritage, as they are historical cities known at the global level. The trips, connections, relations and communication were uninterrupted between them.
Because of the importance of the medical profession, we focused in the research on selecting the most prominent physicians of the sixth century AH, as well as their interest in other sciences who flocked between Baghdad and Mosul, including (Abu al-Hasan Ali bin Ahmed bin Ali bin Abdul Moneim Muhdhab al-Din Babin Hubal al-Baghdadi "d. 610 AH", and Abdul Latif bin Yusuf bin Muhammad Bin Ali al-Baghdadi Muwaffaq al-Din, known as Ibn al-Labbad "d. 629 AH", and Kamal al-Din Abu Musa bin Yunus bin Muhammad bin Mana' bin Mak al-Aqili "d. 639 AH").

The encyclopedic scholar ‘Abd Al-Latif Al-Baghdādi, known as (Ibn Al-Labbād Al-Mosuli), is considered one of the most prominent scholars who emerged in the period of the sixth and seventh centuries AH / the twelfth and thirteenth centuries AD. Through the research, we have tried to identify the knowledge upbringing of this scholar, especially in the city of Baghdad, by identifying the sciences, knowledge and arts that he received in that historical era, as well as identifying the sheikhs and scholars from whom he received knowledge, and there is no doubt that the scientific formation of Abdul Latif Al-Baghdadi had a great impact on his life later

This research came to shed light on two specific aspects related to the definition of the most important personalities that set out to and from Mosul during the period between the 6-7 AH centuries corresponding to the 12-13 AD centuries, the first side of which came to explain the lines and itineraries of their trips between the cities they visited, including the city of Mosul. As for the second aspect, it is represented by the purpose of their trips of a scientific nature, which carried several aspects related to Sufism, its purposes and forms, which was embodied through the practices of these Sufis, and these two aspects represent the sections of this research after mentioning the introduction and conclusion

The research focused on the scientificTeips between Baghdad and Mosul in the sixth century AH / twelfth century CE, as Baghdad was a destination for scholars since the first Abbasid era, while Mosul reached the peak of its scientific status in the sixth century AH, and scientific trips between the two cities were among the most important means of scientific links between The two cities, therefore, the research focused on the journeys of science and the scholars who conducted them from Mosul and Baghdadis between the two cities and those who intended them from scholars from other cities, or those who met them in cities other than Mosul and Baghdad, and in both Mosul and Baghdad there were encyclopedic scholars who were a destination for students of science

The research aims to study the content of the meetings conducted by Ibn al-Shaar al-Mawsili (654 AH / 1256 AD) with scholars from Baghdad such as tellers, jurists, preachers, writers and poets during his trips to it in the (seventh Hijri century/Thirteenth century A.D), which was mentioned in his book (Qalaid Al-Juman fi Faraed Shoaraa Hatha Al-Zaman)). Ibn al-Shaar's purpose of these meetings was to gain knowledge about the media who wrote down their news in his book (Qalaid Al-Juman

The city of Mosul is the source of art and music. It had a great impact in transferring that industry to Baghdad, and it reached its climax during the first Abbasid era. Many male and female singers, male and female musicians, appeared in Mosul, and they came to the Caliphate Palace in Baghdad to practice their hobby, especially with the Abbasid rulers encouraging singers with money and donations, so they competed with each other to highlight their musical talent in front of the Abbasid caliphs.

In this research, we try to shed light on the importance of the Baghdad Astronomical School and its leading role in the development and progress of the science of astronomy (the Commission), the science of rulings on the stars and its impact on the rest of the Islamic cities and cities, including the city of Mosul’s scholars who emerged in the various fields of science, knowledge, and literature, including astronomy and mathematics, and we tried in this research to highlight the role of one of these scholars in the field of astronomy, who is Abu Saqr al-Qubaisi (D. 380AH/ 990CE), who was influenced by the opinions and ideas of the Baghdad Astronomical School and the Greek astronomy books translated there. He studied these books, absorbed them, criticized them, and added new ones to them, according to his own special approach that included the theoretical and experimental (observational) sides, in order to reach new results that are different from those who preceded him in this field.
From this point of view, the aim of this study came to deal with the biography of Al-Qubaisi and his astronomical opinions and to which extent he was influenced by the Baghdad school through the study of their various works in astronomy. The importance of the research is also highlighted in an attempt to identify the level reached by astronomy in the city of mosul, and the direction taken by AL-Qubaisi in his books. Trying as much as possible to prove the astronomical scientific facts through experience and by him, without relying on others. On the other hand, we will try to paint for the reader a clear picture of Al-Qubaisi’s distinguished mentality, and to open the door for researchers to a deeper scientific study of his intellectual results, which will inevitably explain rare and bold scientific facts in the science of astronomy, because it is clear that he has well-established opinions, ideas and theories in this science.