Kufa Journal for Agricultural Sciences

In rain season 2018-2019 Sulaymaniyah governorate has been precluded to rainfall precipitation with very high quantities that never has been recorded since 1985 that impact on some soil properties taking samples from 80 greenhouses in (Tainal watershed, Bazian plain, Sulaymaniyah Governorate). Since in some of these greenhouse waters flood get 1.5m high and others distorted and kinds of residues has been collected in others greenhouses as well as effects of water submerging on these greenhouses soils. Taking soil samples from greenhouses from all locations that effected hardly and making analysis for some properties’ as a parameters and the results showed that the soil solution electrical conductivity (EC) decreased significantly (P<0.05) in ( Location1, Location2, Location6) (1.65dsm-1,0.35dsm-1, 0.25dsm-1 ) respectively. the pH of soils decreased as the results showed (Location1, Location2, Location3) (8.06, 8.31, 7.8) respectively but not significantly, soil aggregate differences had effected significantly and changed in different locations because of removal of the sand part, silt decreased from (% 17.25) in control Location to (5.6 in Location2, 4.1in Location7) but didn’t get to the limit that could change the soil texture. Submergence soils caused decreasing significantly (P<0.05) in phosphorus concentration in (Location1, Location7) (17ppm, 12ppm) respectively. The Concentration of nitrate in soil solution decreased significantly (P<0.05) (Location1, Location7) (2.5mg kg-1, 14mg kg-1) respectively under the submerged condition at field capacity causing an increase in the concentration of potassium (0.743 in Location3 and 4.358 in Location4) in some locations. Sodium increased in most of the locations significantly (P<0.05) (L1, L3, L5, L7) (0.378m mol-1, 0.434m.mol-1, 0.443m.mol-1, 0.643 m.mol-1) respectively otherwise, magnesium and calcium decreased in the soil solution. From the investigation some farmer record that in the study area vegetables grew better after the submerging soils.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of some bio-fertilizer bacteria (Azotobacter chroococcum and Bacillus subtilus), mycorrhiza (Glomus mosseae) and combination of both (bacteria and mycorrhiza) and carbolizer with two levels (1.5 ml. L‾¹ and 2.5 ml. L‾¹), a combination of Bacteria and/or Mycorrhiza with each level of carbolizer and their combination together, plus the control on the population dynamics of Myzus persicae, which infest Gerbera plants under greenhouse condition. The results revealed that inoculation of jerbera plants with bacteria and micorrhiza gave the values of aphid population of 11.45 and 9.78 aphid.plant-1, respectively, with significant differences. However, foliar application of carbolizer with 1.5 and 2.5 ml.L-1 gave the values 8.34 and 8.22 aphid.plant-1, respectively with no significant differences. The combination of both mycorrhiza 2.5 ml. L‾¹ and carbolizer significantly lowered the aphid population to 3.11 aphids. plant ‾¹ in comparison with the control 16.83 aphids. plant

The study was conducted during the growing season 2018-2019, fall growing season in the college of Agricultural Engineering Science, University of Dohuk, Kurdistan region, Iraq, to evaluate the effects of inoculation of soil with Azotobacter ,and using seaweeds extract (Alga 600) on two pea cultivars (Pisum sativum L.) which were Ambrosia and Ezolda (B.) were grown in plastic pots in the field. Results of vegetative growth and quality parameters showed cultivar shows significantly difference as compared with cultivar (A) The results of number of nodules.plant-1, length of nodules and width of nodules (mm),showed cultivar (B) gave high value which were(19.00, 4.444 and 4.132mm) respectively which significantly differ from cultivar triple interaction between Ezolda cultivar , 6m.L-1 seaweeds extract and inoculation the soil with Azotobacter record high value of (20.333 noduls.plant-1)compared with untreated plants that gave lower value (16. 333 noduls.plant-1).

This study was conducted during 2015 in Sulaimani governorate at two main different locations of Sharazoor and Penjwen, each with some sub-locations, to estimate fresh yield, dry yield, dry matter and animal unit. The rangeland areas of Sulaimani governorate located between 35° 10\' - 36° 27\' N and 44° 40\' - 46° 22\' E were restricted 126546.00, and 29542.00 ha for Sharazoor, and Penjwen locations, respectively. The most important results indicated that, Sharazoor location gave the maximum value of total dry yield 41380.50 ton and 125395.40 Animal unit/three months, while Penjwen location which gave the minimum value total dry yield of 25544.1 ton and77406.30 animal unit/three months. The highest fresh and dry yield were obtained bySharazoor location which were 19563.36 and 3224.04 kg/ha, respectively, in which Penjwen location gave the minimum value of 11872.80 kg/ha and 2369.81 kg/ha for fresh yield and dry yield, respectively. Results of chemical analysis for the grass and legume plants showed that there were differences between locations. Sharazoor location gave the maximum percentage of protein content, fiber, phosphorus and potassium which were (11.81, 20.5, 1.45, and 1.02 %) respectively, for legume plants, However, chemical contents for grass plant showed that Penjwen location gave the maximum percentage of protein, carbohydrate, fiber, magnesium and calcium contents which were (9.80, 36.45, 31.50, 0.18, 0.22%), respectively. The mean of protein, oil, K, Mg, Ca and ash in legume plant were (1.56, 1.50, 1.07, 1.52, 2.25and1.16) times higher than their concentration in the grass respectively. But the value of carbohydrate and fiber in the grass were (1.73 and 1.21) times higher than their concentration in the legumes respectively. The concentration of phosphorus is equal in both types of plants and it is more than normal concentration

The experiment was carried out in the main orchard of the Horticulture Department / Al-Hindiya Station for the production of certified citrus seedlings / Karbala Governorate / Iraqi Ministry of Agriculture, during the 2018 season. The experiment included 9 treatments and three replicates to study the interaction between two factors, The first factor was Optimus plus nutrient solution in three concentrations (0, 1, 2 ml. L-1) which contains (5% nitrogen, 30% amino acid and 3% organic nitrogen) and the second factor was Fe-chelate with three concentrations (0, 500, 1000 mg.L-1). Local lemon grafted on sour were sprayed at a rate of three applications (before sour, month after the last spray). The results showed that spraying with nano-fertilizer Optimus plus at concentration of 2 ml.L-1 and Fe- chelate a concentration of 1000 mg.L-1 resulted in the highest increase in all studied traits including the leaf area, the leaf content of total chlorophyll, and carbohydrates, the number of fruits, fruit weight and total yield, with significant differences compared to the control treatment.

This study was conducted during 2015 in Sulaimani governorate at two main different locations of Sharazoor and Penjwen, each with some sub-locations, to estimate fresh yield, dry yield, dry matter and animal unit. The rangeland areas of Sulaimani governorate located between 35° 10\' - 36° 27\' N and 44° 40\' - 46° 22\' E were restricted 126546.00, and 29542.00 ha for Sharazoor, and Penjwen locations, respectively. The most important results indicated that, Sharazoor location gave the maximum value of total dry yield 41380.50 ton and 125395.40 Animal unit/three months, while Penjwen location which gave the minimum value total dry yield of 25544.1 ton and77406.30 animal unit/three months. The highest fresh and dry yield were obtained bySharazoor location which were 19563.36 and 3224.04 kg/ha, respectively, in which Penjwen location gave the minimum value of 11872.80 kg/ha and 2369.81 kg/ha for fresh yield and dry yield, respectively. Results of chemical analysis for the grass and legume plants showed that there were differences between locations. Sharazoor location gave the maximum percentage of protein content, fiber, phosphorus and potassium which were (11.81, 20.5, 1.45, and 1.02 %) respectively, for legume plants, However, chemical contents for grass plant showed that Penjwen location gave the maximum percentage of protein, carbohydrate, fiber, magnesium and calcium contents which were (9.80, 36.45, 31.50, 0.18, 0.22%), respectively. The mean of protein, oil, K, Mg, Ca and ash in legume plant were (1.56, 1.50, 1.07, 1.52, 2.25and1.16) times higher than their concentration in the grass respectively. But the value of carbohydrate and fiber in the grass were (1.73 and 1.21) times higher than their concentration in the legumes respectively. The concentration of phosphorus is equal in both types of plants and it is more than normal concentration