Kufa Journal for Agricultural Sciences

This study was conducted on 15 cross breed heifers at age 5-month-old from the period of the 1st of February 2018 to 1st of December 2018. Total 15 heifers were divided randomly two groups, first one was the date treatment (T1) and the other was control treatment (T2), T1 was supplemented with basal ration in addition to the tow Kg of dates daily, while T2 was supplemented with chief ration only. Body condition score, body weight, hormonal assay, bull display and field observation were used for puberty determination. While body weight, body condition score, progesterone estimation, rectal palpation and ultrasonography were used for pregnancy determination at 60 days. Ultrasonography was used to confirm pregnancy and certain maturity of heifers. There was used 3.5MHz for prop in rectal palpation with special gel for the prop in ultrasonographic examination. The aim of current study was to accelerate puberty and sexual maturity in heifers that was fed on dates. The results revealed that there was a significant effect (P ≤0.01) for the date treatment (T1) on control treatment (T2) in acceleration of puberty and sexual maturity. Heifers were reached puberty and maturity age at 7.8 and 9.8 month old for T1 and 11.4 and 16.2 month old for T2 respectively. The response of heifers for advance of puberty and sexual maturity is fast in 60% and moderate in 30% of heifers. Only 10% of heifers were not responded to date supplementation.

The aim of this study was to determine the extent of the effect of lactation on biochemical compounds in breast milk in Najaf governorate. Two hundred forty samples of breast milk were collected from healthy mothers aged 18-30 years. Milk samples were collected from (3-11) month of Breast-feeding. In Najaf city, 44 mothers were selected as volunteers to obtain fixed samples per month for analysis. moisture, ash, protein, lactose and fat were measured. The results indicate that there was an effect on the period of breast-feeding at the level of probability (p<0.05%) for fat, protein, lactose and moisture in breast milk. Lactose content increased but protein and fat decreased, while ash continued the same during the study period.

A column experiment was conducted to investigate the efficiency of magnetized water on leaching individual ions from saline soils. The study involved three different saline soils ranging between 38.14-85.91 dS.m-1 leached with magnetized water (MW) or non-magnetized well water (WW). Treatments in triplicate were arranged and successive effluents were collected and analyzed. Results showed that EC decreased to 2.99–3.29 dS.m-1 mostly during the first two volumes and was greater under MW treatment. Higher amount of Na+ was leached under the first three volumes, but later the decrease was small. Amount of Na+ leached was higher from S1 followed by S2 then S3. Sodium (Na+) decreased from 718.58, 549.03 and 419.85 mmolc L-1 for S1, S2 and S3, respectively to less than 50 mmolc L-1 at PV5. Calcium (Ca+2) and magnesium (Mg+2) concentrations decreased then followed by increase at the last pore volume. Most of chloride (Cl-) removal from the soil was during PV1, indicating that the source of Cl- was highly soluble salts. Magnetic water treatment proved to be efficient in leaching salts.

An experiment was conducted to study the comparative of the phytochemical analysis of the ethanol extracts of Four medicinal plants Date palm leaves extract, Cumin extract, Sesban extract and Cinnamon extract and its components (tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, steroids, trepenoids, phenols, carbohydrate, amino acids, Anthraquinone). It has been proved the existence of alkaloids, tannins, steroids, saponins, trepenoids, carbohydrate and Flavonoids in all plants. While, the results found phenols absent only in Cumin. Anthraquinone was absent in both Date palm leaves and Cinnamon extracts and amino acids absents in both Sesban leaves and Cinnamon extracts. So, we found from this research the Date palm leaves, Sesban leaves and Cinnamon extracts higher activity than Cumin extract, which contain most important of bioactive constituents of plants that used as therapeutic propose.

Bashika Olive trees (Olea europaea L.) were sprayed twice at full bloom stage and one month after that one with dry yeast suspension (5, 10g.L-1) and amino acid (1, 2ml.L-1), alone and in combination besides control (spraying with water only) during 2017 and 2018 growing seasons. Results showed that foliar spraying of dry yeast suspension at 10g.L-1 with amino acid 2ml.L-1 gave the highest significant value of vegetative growth( leaf area, total chlorophyll leaf content) and foliar spraying of dry yeast suspension at 10g.L-1 with amino acid 1,2ml.l-1 gave the highest significant value of carbohydrate leaf content and carbohydrate shoot percentage in first season and dry yeast suspension at 10g.L-1 with amino acid 2ml.L-1 in second season. Also, results showed that dry yeast suspension at 5g.L-1with amino acid at 1ml.L-1 exhibited increase of fruit weight and fruit flesh weight in both seasons respectively. While, dry yeast suspension at 10g.L-1with amino acid at 1ml.L-1 treatment gave the highest significant average yield per tree-1in first and dry yeast suspension at 10g.L-1with amino acid at 0 ml.L-1 in second season.

Since the beginning of 1985, the importance of recording and documenting meteorological information, especially the subject of research) wind speed, vapour pressure) has become very important Sulaimaniyah (north of Iraq) over 34 government-sponsored wind speed and vapour pressure as well as the other climate parameters like Rain, heat, Relative Humidity and Sun Shine gauge sites have operated on Sulaimaniyah.

The few wind speed recorders show a high level of speed that never have been seen in these 34years, in January and February 2017 the wind speed get 8 and 9m.sec-1 but in months 4,5,6 ,9 lower speed recorded in Sulaimaniyah (0.1m.sec-1). However, as an average in the 1985 and 1992 we got the highest rate 3.1and 2.2m.sec-1 in the other hand in 1991 we record the lower rate 1m.sec-1 The average changes throw the 34years it 0.04 and.

The main target for this study is to estimate the available data, then use the accepted data to create a 34-year database

Changes in wind speed and in vapor pressure systems are likely to have a particularly strong impact on arid and semi-arid ecosystems and may reflect historical regime changes there for from the climatology data the vapour pressure increased clearly throw these years.

Results from a decade of climate change data’s that winds and vapor pressure are seasonality, timing, variability, and magnitude are all involved and these may be altered in future climates.