Kufa Journal for Agricultural Sciences

Pot trial was conducted out during the growing season of 2012-2013, cultivar Origanum vulgare L., located at two locations, to find out a better fertilizer formula to the growth and aromatic oils content of sweet marjoram plants. Twelve fertilizer formula were supposed as a treatments , which formatted from organic fertilizer Reset (4-4-3) NPK at 10 g.pot -1 , chemical fertilizer Jordan DAP at 5 g.pot -1 , organic fertilizer at 5 g.pot-1 + chemical fertilizer at 2.5 g.pot-1 , foliar spray with humic acid at 3 mg.L-1 , foliar spray with organic acid at 50 mg.L-1 and control without fertilization. Results study can be summarized as follows: Vegetative properties : All fertilizer formula indicated significant effects on vegetative growth of plants , fertilizer formula from organic fertilizer at 5 g.pot -1 + chemical fertilizer at 2.5 g.pot-1 + foliar spray with arginic acid at 50 mg.l-1 gave a high plant length , branch numbers per plant , fresh and dry weight of vegetative parts were(47 cm in Anbar location-1st cut) , (31 branches in Anbar location-2st cut) 41gm-1-26gm-1. Furthermore, results indicated that foliar spray with humic acid gave a high percentage of fertilizer formula from chemical fertilizer at 4 g.pot-1 + foliar spray with argininc at 50 mg .pot-1 gave a high percentage of Thymolof36.43% in second cutting at Al-Anbar location the fertilizer formula from organic fertilizer 5g.pot-1 + chemical fertilizer at 2.5 g.pot-1 gave a high percentage from Carvacrol compound in Anbar location-2st cut was 58.40%, and the fertilizer formula from organic fertilizer5 g.pot-1 + chemical fertilizer2.5 g. pot- + foliar spray with arginin50 mg.pot-1 at to gave a high percentage of 8,1Cineole compound , Caryophllene and Terpenineof 27.32% (Anbar location-2st) and 16.30% (Anbar location-2st cut).

The study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of two bacterial biological control agents controlling the pathogenic fungi that cause seed rot and seedlings death on cucumber growth in green house in Abbasiya, Al-Huraira, Al-Haidari and Qizwiniya towns in Najaf province. Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens were isolated from soils of the above areas and biochemically identified at ministry of science and technology. The pathogenic fungi Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium solani isolated from cucumber seeds that have been grown in gerrn house and diagnosed morphologically and molecularly using the PCR technique. The results showed two bacterial isolates were highly antagonistic to R.solani and F.solani. Results of the pot experiment showed the ability of both bacterial isolates introspecting cucumber plants from infection by R. solani and F. solani, in addition to their high efficiency in increasing the growth indicators (germination, total vegetation and root length, soft and dry plant weight and leg diameter) after 14 and 28 days post planting.

The production function of Tomato was studied in the open cultivation irrigated The analysis was done by taking the natural logarithm of the production as a dependent factor and for each resource of production as an independent factor. The half- logarithmic model was chosen as the best model. It is clear from the analysis that some of these resources have been exploited optimally through the positive singles to the resource parameters in the function. This means that the production of these resources was in the second stage of the law of decreasing yields. (The number of labor hours per day, the amount of animal manure used and the number of irrigations during the season). The quantity of chemical fertilizer was found to be a negative impact on production because the elasticity signal was negative. And the regression analysis was achieved by taking the natural logarithm of both the labor and the capital in order to achieve the overall elasticity of the production using the Cobb-Duglas model. It became clear that the elastic ties of these resources were positive and this means that the combined production resources achieve high productivity due to their cooperation this resource and the efficiency of the mixing process. What can from the exploitation of additional units in the desire to expand production, and was recommended to follow the agricultural guidelines and the adoption of the results of scientific research in the use of resources, especially the amounts of fertilizer and farm management in order to continue these projects to achieve self-sufficiency of Tomato.

An experiment was conducted in the fields of a potato farmer in Babylon province, Al-Dabla region, 17 km south of Al-Hillah city during autumn season 2017, to study the effect of two factors the first factor: was three varieties of potato tubers (Arizona, Agria, Riviera),class A which obtained from the yield of spring season at the same year which produced by the same farmer of the Elite order.The second factor: wasusing three extracts of seaweed plants (Phylgreenmira, Algazone, Ultra-kelp) at a concentration of (3 cm3.L-1) for all extracts in addition to the control treatment.The experiment was conducted in the field according to Split Plot Design with in Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D). Means were compared using the Duncan Multiplicity Range (DMRT) at probability level of 0.05.

Results are summarized as follows: The plants of Arizona variety gave the highest values in plant height, number of aerial stems per plants, leaf area per plant, the percentage of dry matter ofwhole vegetative, number of tubers per plant, mean weight of tuber, plant yield and total yield of tubers (40.95 t.ha-1). Arizona and Riviera were superiorin dry matter and starchpercentage in tubers and specific gravity of tubers. Seaweed extract (Phylgreenmira) was significantly excelled in vegetative and quantitative traits by when gave the highest total yield of tubers (35.74 t.ha-1), while the three extracts were superior in the qualitative yield traits compared to the control treatment.The interaction between Arizona variety and Phylgreenmira seaweed extract was superior in all the studied traits which gave the highest total yield of tubers (47.89 t.ha-1).

Three plants extracts, Bio-health as bio-control and common nematicide Vaydate have been assayed to know their effect on Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica). Tomato seedlings used as host for nematode infection. Extract of chopped leaves of oleander (Nerium oleander), cloves of garlic (Allium sativum) and roots of Taget (Tagetes erecta) have been used as natural plant extracts. Results revealed that Vaydate was more effective in decreasing infection criteria. Taget and Garlic extracts, were more effective and reduced egg mass and Root-knot than Oleander extract and Bio-health, they have less effect

This study was conducted in one field of Al-Shamia district in Diwaniyah governorate, Iraq in 2017, for studyingsome technical indicators of New Holland TC 5050 harvester on harvesting losses of rice crop,by using New Holland TC 5050 harvester in various cutting height and threshing cylinder speed. This study was studied two factors: included three cutting heights 10,15 and 25 cm. and three threshing cylinder speeds 450,500 and 550 rpm. The properties which were studied including: percentage of cutting losses, percentage of threshing losses, percentage of separating losses and percentage of cleaning losses. A factorial experiment was carried out in a Randomized Block Design (R.C.B.D) with four replicates. The results showed the

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of three biological agents (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, and Trichoderma harzianum) to control black mold disease caused by Aspergillus niger on grapevines, and measuring their effects on growth and production parameters of this crop under field conditions. A foliar spray application was used to inoculate the plants with the A. niger spore suspension. The three bio-control agents were incorporated into the infected grapevine plants soil. Results showed that infection severity has reached in all treatments of biological agents to 0.00% compared to 11.14% in the negative control and 46.13% in positive control (infected untreated plants). Treatment of T. harzianum gave the highest values of growth and yield parameters which were significantly different from all other treatments. The interaction between P. fluorescens, T. harzianum and B. subtilis was the most effective treatment among other interactions, in reducing infection severity and increasing all the growth and yield parameters.

haracterize the olive cultivars to the application adopted by the International Olive Council, and to study the most important technological characterization (size of fruits and stones, their weight and pulp / stone ratio).

Morphological characteristics the field tours demonstrated that 19 olive cutivars (Abadi Abou Ghabra, Abadi Hlou, Abadi Khinfsi, Abadi Shelal, Abou Anakeed, Abou Akfa, Abeid Men Umu, Abou Chouka, Adkam, Izmerli, Bnt Al Kadi, Jlot, Herqtani, Mhati, M- Hazam Abou Satel, Um Qanani, Rsasi, Shami, Tuffahi) were planted in Palmyra, and the two cultivars "Jlot" and "M-hazam Abou Satel" are the dominant in Palmyra.

The results of the morphological study, which included the fruits and stones of the olive cultivars, showed that a great diversity among them, so in term of their technological characterization the varieties distributed in five groups according to the size fruits and seeds stones, and four ones according to each parameter of weight of fruits and stones and pulp / stone ratio. The cultivars "Jlot", "M-hazam Abou Satel" and "Abeid Men Umu" were distinctive cultivars (according to their productivity and technological properties), making them important table olive cultivars for propagation and cultivation in the central regions of Syria, as a prelude to achieve the surplus production prepared for high quality export.