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Academic Science Journal

Volume: 13

Issue: 3

Publication Year: 2017

Publication Date: July 2017

Articles in This Issue

Pages 1-9

1

Detection of Escherichia coli and Proteus Mirabilis Extended -Spectrum β-Lactamase Isolated from

Fatima Amer ABD Jabar, Lamiaa Saoud Abbod, Duaa Adnan Kadhum Alutbi

Pages: 1-10 English

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2

Computer simulation of the fine structures in A-B alloy

Abdul halim Kh.Ali, A. A. Al -Rubaiee

Pages: 1-10 English

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Abstract

Computer simulation was used to study the fine structures of 2D- square lattice. The
temperatures used in the experiment was below the TC = 770k. Within this range of
temperatures, the 2D- square lattice through a chain of successive non- equilibrium
configurations which is achieved through the diffusion of atoms into vacant places of lattice
.The equilibrium state has been obtained by averaging a number of runs (15-16) million time
steps. In equilibrium state of lattice the results showed the existence of different kinds of the
fine structures (microdomains, clusters, segregations and antiphase domain boundaries). At a
temperatures above TC, clusters and segregations appear and the concentration of atoms in
clusters was 0.5 and in segregation 0.1. Also we noticed the changes in microdomains sizes
with temperatures.

3

Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activities of Mixed Ligand Complexes of Schiff Base D

Rehab .K. Al- shemary, Basima Abdul HussinZaidan, Nibras A. Al-marsomy

Pages: 1-17 English

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Abstract

In this work the preparation and characterization of tetradentate ligand (H2L).The ligand
obtained from the reaction of benzidine with 2-benzoyl benzoic acid .The synthesized
ligand(H2L) was characterized by UV-Vis , FT-IR spectroscopy, 1H,13 C-NMR spectra,
melting point and (C.H.N).The mixed ligand complexes were synthesis from ligand(H2L)was
used as a primary ligand while 1,10-phenanthrolineligand (phen)was used as a secondary
ligand with metal ion (M(II) : Cu(II),Co(II), Mn(II) ,Ni(II) and Hg(II)). All the complexes
were characterized by UV-Vis, FT-IR spectroscopy methods, elemental analysis (A.A),
melting point measurements, conductivity and magnetic susceptibility. These measurements
showed tetrahadral geometry around (Mn and Ni) ions and square planer geometry around
(Co, Cu and Hg) ions.The antibacterial activity of (H2L) and [M2(phen)2(L)]Cl2] complexes
in molar ratio [2:2:1] [M:(phn):L] were studied by using (MIC) inhibition method.

4

Chemical and Isotopic Content and LMWL of Rainwater in Baghdad/Iraq

Ahmad A. Ramadhan

Pages: 1-18 English

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Abstract

Rainwater samples were collected from different areas in Baghdad city of 9 samples for the
rainy season 2007-2008, and 14 samples for the rainy season 2008-2009. The objective of this
work is to identify the chemical and physical properties as well as isotopes contents of the
rainwater, in addition, the LMWL was also carried out for the rainwater in Baghdad city. The
results show that the pH was in the range from (5.5-6.44) which is moderately acidic and the
TDS was in the range (84-189 ppm). As for cations and anions concentrations, they were in
the range of (11.59-28 mg/l) for Sodium, (0.05-1.05 mg/l) for Potassium, (2.2-9.7 mg/l) for
Magnesium, (11.22-36.2 mg/l) for calcium, (17.5-39.82 mg/l) for chloride, (18.3-49.57 mg/l)
for Bicarbonate and (12.47-38.34 mg/l) for sulfate. On the other hand, the isotopic
concentrations of 9 samples of rainwater, which include Deuterium, and Oxygen-18, were
determined to be in the range of (-0.79-7.25‰) and (-48.78-18.75‰) respectively. The local
meteoric water line for Baghdad city is represented by the following equation: (2H = 8.538 *
18O + 26.175).

5

Qualitative and Semi Quantitative Analysis of Sample from Kolosh Formation in Kurdistan Region Nort

Tahir Ahmad Tahir, Omer Fikrat Bahjet

Pages: 1-16 English

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Abstract

A sample from Kolosh formation nearby Hizop small village near Kaniwatman area in
Kurdistan region was taken for the purpose of conducting qualitative and semi-quantitative
analysis for most of elements that constitute the sample. Initial simple physical examination
shows that the sample contains a percentage of iron (III) oxide. Three parts of the sample
were allowed to react with three in excess concentrated hydrochloric, nitric and sulphuric
acids separately. The reaction with HCl gives deep yellow solution, with HNO3 and with
H2SO4 gives colorless solution. Most of the transition elements in the periodic table were
excluded for the absences of the characteristic colors of their ions in solutions. Analysis
shows that the percent of total organic carbon (TOC) in the sample was 5.3%, for silica was
26.9% and for iron was 2.5%. The percentages of missing weight from the samples after their
reaction with sulphuric, nitric and hydrochloric, acids were, 42.3%, 44.3% and 48.7%
respectively. The group’s qualitative analysis for Kolosh sample showed a measureable
presence of iron, silicon, carbon and calcium compounds. The presence was very low for
other elements compound like barium, aluminum, lead and thallium. The aim of this work is a
qualitative and semi quantitative analysis for probable existence of some elements compound
in Kolosh formation mineral.

6

Synthesis and Biological Active of Some Substituted 1,2,4-Triazoles and Their Fused Ring Derivative

Khalid Mahmod Daoud, Mohanad Yakdhan Saleh, Shaima Samer Ismael

Pages: 1-16 English

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Abstract

In this paper demonstrated the synthesis of some fused 1,2,4-triazoles derivatives ;
Terphthalic acid condensated with ethanol to obtain diethyl terephthalate (1) in the presence
of sulfuric acid as catalyst., the ethyl ester (1) was mixed with hydrazine hydrate is ethyl
alcohol to give terephthalohydrazide (2). The hydrazide derivative (2) then reacted with
ammonium thiocyanate to give yield 2,2'-terephthaloylbis(hydrazinecarbothioamide) (3). 3,4-
diamine-bis – 1,2,4-triazole derivative (4) was obtained by reaction of a compound (3) with
hydrazine hydrate. 5,5'-(1,4-phenylene)bis(4H-1,2,4-triazole-3,4-diamine) (4) was reacted
with a proper aldehyde to yield Schiff bases derivatives (5,6,7).1-(1H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3
b][1,2,4]triazol-5-yl)-4-(3H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4]triazol-6-yl)
benzene derivatives
(8,9,10) were yielded by reaction a Schiff bases derivative with glacial acetic acid. The
structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by physical and spectral methods.

7

Chemotaxonomical study of the genera Brunnera (Schenk) Jonston,Choriantha H.Rirdel., Cynoglossum Mi

Adel Mohan Adai

Pages: 1-16 English

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Abstract

In the present study, seven of the phenolic compounds, in seven plant species within five
genera of the Boraginaceae family have been identified which were (Brunnera orientalis
(Schenk) Jonston., Choriantha popoviana H., Cynoglossum creticum Mill, Solenanthus
circinnatus Ledeb, Solenanthus stamineus Defed, Symphytum kurdicum Boiss and Symphytum
tuberosum L.). were studied in order to important the phenolic profile. The chemical
composition of these species were examined for the content of the following phenolic
compounds:Caffeic acid , Estragole,2-6Dimethyl phenol, Coumaric acid, Eugenol,Salicylic
acid, and P-Cresol, by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).The results
showed that the most abundant phenolic acids were: Coumaric acid and Salicylic acid which
were found in all the studied taxa, followed by Caffeic acid was absent from Brunnera
orientalis and Solenanthus circinnatus while Eugenol was absent just from Symphytum
kurdicum Boiss and Symphytum tuberosum L. , also 2-6Dimethyl phenol was absent from
Choriantha popoviana and Cynoglossum creticum, whereas the less prevalent phenolic
compounds were Estragole(4- Allyl anisole) and P-Cresol which found in just two of the studied taxa (the first found in Solenanthus stamineus and Symphytum tuberosum L. while the
second one found in Choriantha popoviana H. and Symphytum kurdicum Boiss. ). The
different distribution for the presence of phenolic compounds in different species was of
benefit taxonomic value and can be used to enhance taxonomic studies to isolate and identify
plant and do not less important as other taxonomic studies the present study regards as the
first study of these Boraginaceae family genera in Iraq..

8

Synthesis and Antibacterial Evaluation of 2-(chloro / ethyl thio / seleno)-1,8 naphthyridine-3-azeti

Mohanad Y.Saleh

Pages: 1-12 English

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9

Design and Performance Analysis of a V-Trough Photovoltaic Concentrator

Alaa H. Shneishil

Pages: 1-19 English

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Abstract

The idea of concentrating solar energy to increase the output power of photovoltaic (PV)
collectors is an area that has received significant attention in recent years. In this study, a
design model for a V-trough concentrating PV solar collector by using one and two plane
reflectors is theoretically analyzed and validated with experimental measurements data. The
angle between the PV collector and reflector and the tilt of PV collector are fixed at 120o and
60o, respectively. Variation of the total solar radiation received by the PV collector without
reflector for horizontal surface, for normal incidence, with tilt angle 60o, with one reflector
and with two reflectors for a selected day in 15-January during the time period from 7:30 AM
to 4:30 PM in Baghdad city for different view factor between the PV collector and reflector
(Fr-c) is studied. The results indicated that the total solar radiation at solar noon for Fr-c=0.21 is
1265 W/m2 when using two reflectors, in other words 61% enhancement. On the other hand,
there is 120% enhancement of two reflectors system in comparison with horizontal surface
without reflector. The Isc at solar noon increase from 0.16 A for PV collector without
reflector to 0.22 A with one reflector which represent 37.5% enhancement and to 0.3 A with
two reflectors which represent 87.5% enhancement, while the open circuit voltage (VOC)
increase from 8.35 volt for PV collector without reflector to 8.43 volt with one reflector and
to 8.4 volt with two reflectors.

10

Antibacterial activity of ethanol and aqueous extracts of some Perennial plants against three gram

Yaseen Noori M. AL-Shekhany, Mahmood Khalaf Salih Al-Juboori

Pages: 1-15 English

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Abstract

The aim of this investigation was to determine whether both ethanol and aqueous extracts of
different parts of three Perennial plants (Dodonaea viscosa, Eucalyptus sp. and Pinus sp.)
could provide the biological activity to inhibit the growth of three gram negative pathogenic
bacteria include: Eschericia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi. 20 grams of
the plant parts powder were extracted with 200 ml of ethanol and 40 grams were extracted
with 160 ml of distilled water. MIC was estimated for ethanol and aqueous. Antibacterial
activity assay of the ethanol and aqueous extracts was carried out disk diffusion method. Pure
colonies of test bacteria were transferred to nutrient broth and incubated overnight at 37C˚
and turbidity of prepared inoculums were adjusted equal to that 106 CFU/ml (standardized by
0.5 McFarland standards) and 100μl of inoculum was spread on Muller-Hinton agar medium
by using a sterile glass spreader. For control, discs were impregnated with sterile water or
absolute alcohol (control negative) and also standard antibiotic discs (ciprofloxacin 10μg/disc,
Ampicillin 10μg/disc and cloxacillin 10μg/disc, Tobramycin 10μg/disc) as a control.
Interestingly in our study we have observed promising antimicrobial activity against studied bacteria. It is worth mentioning that most of the results of aqueous and ethanolic extracts were
distinct because they cannot appearing in some large inhibition zone, but it was interesting
because it was close to the positive control , where inhibition percentage arrived to more than
90%. Suggest both extracts of D.viscosa shoots against P. aeruginosa, Eucalyptus sp. leaves
against E.coli and S. typhi , ethanolic extract of pine cone against P. aeruginosa and
aqueous extract of pine leaves against E.coli , as a good antibacterial” .

11

Preparation, Characterization and Biological Activity Studies for Some Mixed Ligands Complexes of 1

Rehab Khadem Al- shemary, Faeza Haseen Ghanim, Zuhair A. Shafiq

Pages: 1-12 English

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Abstract

The ligand (H2L) Schiff base was synthesized via a reaction of oxo ethanoic acid and Ethane
1,2-diamine environment and characterized by different techniques such as: (1H-N.M.R,
C.H.N, UV-Vis, and FTIR). Mixed ligands complexes of some metal ions [Hg(II),
Cu(II),Mn(II), Ni(II), and Co(II)] were prepared by the reaction of 1,10- Phenanthroline and
ligand. The preparation mixed ligand complexes were diagnosed with different techniques
such as :( micro-elemental analysis, molar conductance, atomic absorption, UV-Vis, FT-IR,
and magnetic susceptibility). Based on the products that characterized its geometric
arrangement is octahedral that the metal ions was coordinated with (H2L) by two oxygen
atoms of carboxyl groups and two nitrogen atoms of imine groups in mixed ligand complexes,
in addition to coordination with 1,10-Phenanthronline by nitrogen atoms. All complexes
showed antibacterial activity toward two types Gram-positive and two types (Gram-negative
bacteria.

12

Screening for celiac disease using anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody assays in healthy students

Braihan Hamdi Hameed

Pages: 1-8 English

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Abstract

This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of seropositivity of celiac disease among
apparently healthy individuals. Between December / 2014 to March / 2015, eighty four
apparently healthy students (42 males and 42 females) of the Technical College/Kirkuk with
mean age ± standard deviation of 22.25 ± 2.85 years where participated in the study. All
subjects were serologically screened for the presence of immunoglobulin A and G of anti
tissue transglutaminase antibodies (IgA-tTG and IgG-tTG) by using Enzyme-Linked
Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). In total, 84 students (42 males and 42 females). There was
only five students (5.9%) who had a seropositive for celiac disease, including 4 females and 1
male, among them only one female showed positive results of both IgA and IgG anti-tissue
transglutaminase antibodies (IgA-tTG and IgG-tTG), while the remaining students (3 females
and 1 male) revealed negative results of IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies and
positive results of IgG anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies. The Computerized Microsoft
Excel program was performed by using proportions and mean ± standard deviation. In
conclusions, positive celiac screening is existent at a high prevalence rate in our healthy
individuals, in which the individuals' IgA deficiency are detected with the positivity of IgG
anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies. Females are more affected than males. A study widely
is needed to estimate the real prevalence by substantiation of positive cases with histological
examination.

13

A study the Spectrum for A Probabilistic Hilbert Space Operator

Sarkesh Khalid Ridha

Pages: 1-12 English

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14

Investigation of the ground state features for some Sn-isotopes in the framework of Skyrme-Hartree-

Ahmed N. Abdullah

Pages: 1-13 English

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15

Study a level of TNF-α and INF-Ƴ in patients with Type I and II Diabetes Mellitus in diayla governo

Mohammed Abdul-Daim Saleh, Shahrazad Ahmed Khalaf

Pages: 1-12 English

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine a level of TNF-α and INF-Ƴ in patients with Type I
and Type II Diabetes Mellitus, this cytokines measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA). A total of 70 patients and 20 healthy volunteers were included in this study,
collected during the period from the beginning of August 2015 to the end of May 2016. The
results showed a significant increase in the concentration of INF-Y in the serum of both types
diabetes mellitus with the control group there were, the level of INF-Y in patients with type
I and type II diabetes mellitus was 740.1, 738.5 pg / mL respectively while the level in
control group was 431.9 pg / mL .As well as the results showed a significant increase in the
concentration of TNF-α in the serum of both types diabetes mellitus than control group there
were, the level of TNF-α in patients with type I and type II diabetes mellitus was 339.2 ,
228.4
pg / mL respectively while the level in control group was107.8 pg / ml.

16

Determination of adsorbed Mn (II) and Cr (III) ions using hydrogel beads and AAS measurements

Amir Fadhil Dawood Al-Niaimi, Ahmed Mahdi Saeed, Sara Thamer Abed

Pages: 1-19 English

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Abstract

In this work the hydrogel (Poly acrylic acid) beads used for adsorb Mn (II) and Cr (III)
from aqueous solutions. The adsorption capacity of the adsorbents is presented, the time
required to reach a maximum capacity of bead (130.62, 123.13) mg/g for Mn (II) and Cr
(III) ions respectively was about 24 hr. The initial concentration, temperature, time and pH
effect on adsorption process were studied. The experimental data have been analyzed
using the Langmuir and Freundlich. The Langmuir isotherm model gave the highest R2
value of (0.9999 and 0.9992) for Mn (II) and Cr (III) ions respectively. The
thermodynamic parameters were studied and calculated. First-order and second- order
kinetic models were used and it is shown that the experimental data was in reliable
compliance with the first- order model with an R2 value of (0.984 and 0.993) for Mn (II)
and Cr (III) ions respectively. The process is very efficient, especially for the removal of
pollutants in aqueous solutions and more than 95% of study cations were removed by this
adsorbent. The concentration of metal ion in the solutions was measured using AAS. The
method was linear with an R2 of (0.9992 and 0.9989) for Mn and Cr respectively.

17

Influence of Substrate Material on Structure Formation and Optical Properties of CdS Thin Films by

Tariq Abdul-Hameed Abbas

Pages: 1-19 English

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Abstract

Cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin films have been deposited on a variety of substrates by using
homemade chemical spray technique (CSP). A study of the effect of substrate material on the
structure and optical properties of the fabricated films is reported. X-ray diffraction studies
confirm the polycrystalline nature of the films with hexagonal structure and a preferential
orientation along the (002) plane. The surface morphological studies revealed the
nanocrystalline grains, and all the deposited films have uniform well covered grain size on the
surface of the substrates. The compositional analyses showed highly stoichiometric, and the
S/Cd atomic ratio is close to one. The optical studies showed the average transmittance of the
films deposited on different substrates in the visible and near infrared regions is about (65 to
80) %, and band gap varied from (2.432 to 2.444) eV. The obtained results indicated that the
substrate nature has a strong factor influencing on the formation and optical properties of CdS
films.

18

Extract Unique Personal ID Using Fingerprint

Abdul Monem S. Rahma, Esraa Q. Naamha

Pages: 1-21 English

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Abstract

Security documents like certificates, land revenue documents, etc., have only the individual’s
name, address, and in some cases a photo as means of personal identification. This makes
criminal impersonation an easy task. Therefore, many of these limitations can be eliminated
by incorporation of better methods that can be used to verify identity by measuring and
analyzing human characteristics instead of things the individual may have (smart card) or
know (password). The main goal of this paper is using the fingerprint technology to generate
the unique ID based on the core point of the fingerprint of an individual that can be used for
identifying person identity. The finger-print’s minutia features are extracted with the core
point as the reference based on the seven moment invariants, Then the extracted features are
converted into numerical value, This numerical value is used as the unique ID for printing in
the security documents for the personal identification. If the fingerprint image does not
contain the core point such as the plain arch and tented arch patterns then we must create the
center point in this fingerprint image and this is considered as the core point. The minutia
features will be computed with this point as the reference point and this is used to generate a
unique ID.

19

Hybrid Face Recognition Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Network

Matheel E. Abdulmunem, Fatima B. Ibrahim

Pages: 1-15 English

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Abstract

Since computing technology increasing as part of our daily life activity, there is a need for
new branches of applications. Developing the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) application to
adequate to work within the access control of smart home is the main aim of this paper. In this
paper, a new approach of face recognition is proposed to work with WSN depending on
Gabor filter and the computation of Eigen faces. Centralized algorithm principle is depended
on work to carry the work load to the base station node with a flat architecture based on the
principle of gossiping routing protocol. The feature vector that is traveling on the network is
compressed to only 15 components with recognition rate reaches to 100% and reduction in
computation complexity of Eigen faces.

20

The level of Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate hormone in Iraqi Diabetic patients with Nephropathy

Ekhlas Abdallah Hassan, Alzahraa Ibrahim Abdulmajeed, Shaymaa Ibrahim Khaleel

Pages: 1-14 English

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Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic and complex disease, requiring continued lifelong management
aimed at reducing premature mortality and the high morbidity caused by chronic
complications, one of the main causes of chronic renal failure is diabetic nephropathy. The
responsive filtering system in the kidney becomes progressively destroyed after many years of
diabetes. This study was conducted to establish relationship of
Dehydroepiandrosterone
sulfate (DHEA_S) level with increased risk factor of kidney damage in diabetic, diabetic
nephropathy and control men. Eighty one subjects were divided in three groups were
incorporated in this study, 32 were healthy control ,with mean age ( 54±0.34) years , 30
diabetic men with mean age (55±0.9) years, and 19 diabetic men with nephropathy with mean
age ( 65±0.57) years. They were attended at Baquba Teaching Hospital. This investigation
was carried out on serum sample to measure the concentrations of DHEA-S by using
[Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbents by Assay [ELISA]] test using commercially available
kits. In addition to that, serum creatinine, blood urea, albumin, fasting serum glucose (FSG),
Glycohemoglobin (Hb1AC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), body mass index (BMI), diastolic
blood pressure (DBP) , and the duration of disease were identified in the control and
patients. The experimental results revealed that the mean value of DHEA-S concentration was
none significantly decreased in diabetic comparing to the control group (p>0.005), while the level of DHEA-S concentration were decreased significantly in diabetic with nephropathy
compared to healthy control subject (p<0.005). Also, low mean concentration of serum
DHEA-S noticed in all groups of diabetic patients, and highly significant decrease in DHEA
S levels with advancing age in the studied groups. This finding had been proved by multiple
regression model used in this study, which showed that the negative correlation found
between age, and serum DHEA-S level. The concentration of the other parameters (blood urea
and creatinine) increases in the serum of patient groups as compared to the control group, on
other hands decreased albumin in patient groups as compared to the control group. In
summary, there is a major association between DHEA-S levels and diabetic nephropathy.
These conclusions promote that DHEA-S level inversely correlated with the progression of
diabetic nephropathy in diabetic men. Also decrease in DHEA-S levels with advancing age in
the studied groups suggest that apart from age being diabetic is related with lower mean value
of this hormone.

21

Correlated Hierarchical Autoregressive Models Image Compression

Ghadah Al-Khafaji, Taha Mohammed Hasan, Salam Abdulkhaleq Noaman

Pages: 1-14 English

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22

Spectroscopic Study of Dy3+:SiO2 Prepared via Sol-Gel

Mona Mahdi Salih

Pages: 1-9 English

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Abstract

Dysprosium ions Dy3+ Doped with silicon dioxide nano particular was prepared via sol–gel
method. The spectroscopic properties of Dy3+:SiO2 sample was investigated by UV- Visible
spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. The fluorescence spectrum for Dy:SiO2 sample
is obtain by using excitation light source at wavelength 360nm, two peaks recorded at the
wavelength around 482nm and 574nm . The spectroscopic properties of Dy:SiO2 show that
the doped silica samples have a suitable peak emission cross-section σem in comparable with
other results, thus it may suggests to use Sol – Gel to made of Dy : SiO 2 as solid state Laser
active medium.

23

Mouse Movement with 3D Chaotic Logistic Maps to Generate Random Numbers

Alaa Kadhim F., Hakeem Emad M.

Pages: 1-16 English

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Abstract

Since last three decades there are close relationships between chaotic theory and
cryptographic theory. Chaotic system behaviors like; highly sensitive to initial states, mix up
attribute, deterministic nature and also cannot predict the long term returns, these
characteristics help the researchers to enhance security of a cryptography systems, therefore
growing number of random numbers generators based on chaotic have been proposed. These
proposed generators suffer from limited key space and those based on 1D chaotic map have
limited entropy generation capability due to their finite number of Lyapunov exponent(s). In
this paper, we propose a random binary sequences generator that produces sequence of bits.
General structure of proposed model consists of two parts, first part is mouse device as the
nondeterministic source and second part is 3D chaotic system with the coordinates of mouse
cursor when movement as the initial seeds, and combines the produced values in algorithmic
process. The coordinates of mouse cursor are treated as initial random number with post
processing with 3D chaotic maps to increase the randomness and security of the keys. The
proposed work has high key space and very long period. Also make obvious that the
generated keys possess successful statistical characteristics which is expected of true random
binary sequences that are suitable to use in critical cryptography systems, these made by
evaluating the results by hardness of 16 tests of NIST(National Institute of Standards and
Technology).

24

Study the Matrix Elements of Pre – Equilibrium Nuclear Reactions

Omar Ahamed Muaffaq

Pages: 1-7 English

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Abstract

The matrix element have the main role in the transition rates of nuclear reactions. In the
present work, different formulae of matrix elements for pre – equilibrium nuclear reactions
have been tested wide ranges of energy, which ranged from 0 to 200 MeV. It's found that the
two recent formulae of Koning with and without asymptotic value deviate at high energy with
old one that was suggested by Kalbach. The differential cross section was calculated using
these formulae and comparison between them and with available experimental were made.
This comparison showed a good agreement between the studied matrix formulae and the
experimental formulae.

25

Satellite Images Vectorization Based on Clustering and Interpolation Technique

Rehab F. Hassan, Lubna mhammed Bader

Pages: 1-18 English

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Abstract

Dealing with satellites Images, interpretation, improvement and modification area important
issues of researchers concerning, because of the great benefits derived from them. GIS on the
other hand is making to build disaster planning, crisis management, and alarm systems
effective decision. In this paper a method for digitization gray scale satellite image to a digital
map will propose. The proposed method depends on slicing the image into multi-layer, and
preprocessing steps such as noise removal and contrast adjustment then use approach K-mean
clustering unsupervised Classification . At the last step; the edges of segments (objects) are
interpolated for softening the sharp edges using cubic spline interpolation, and these parts will
be rendered with desired color that gets from original image. Layers results could be
considered as one map for roads, buildings, green zones, etc. more than one layer could be
merged in new map and may append information on it. The produced digital map will be
saved as SVG vector file format.

26

The Study of Microstructures and Stress-Strain Curves at Different Rolling Reductions for Al-3.8wt%

Hanaa Muhammad Ibrahim

Pages: 1-16 English

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27

Influence of Solvents on the Growth of Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate Single Crystals

Tariq A. AL- Dhahir, Nabeel A. Bakr, Saja B. Mohammed

Pages: 1-14 English

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Abstract

Single crystals of copper sulfate pentahydrate (CSP) were grown up to (21.6×19.38×3 mm3),
(14.5×34.11×42.3 mm3) and (42.4×27.36×7.5 mm3) from aqueous solution by slow
evaporation technique at room temperature using double distilled water, H2SO4 acid and
magnetic water as solvents respectively. Structure analysis of grown crystals was carried out
by X-ray diffraction technique. The study of the vibrational modes for the grown crystals was
conducted by FTIR spectroscopy. It is observed that the H2SO4 acid led to the disappearance
of Cu+2 metal ion (Cu-O-H) mode in crystal, while the magnetic water led to appearance of it
with less intensity compared by appearing in the crystals grown using distilled water. The
UV-Visible result shows that the crystals have cut-off at 280 nm, 292 nm and 287 nm, with
optical energy gap (4.23 eV, 4 eV and 4.09 eV) for crystals grown using distilled water,
diluted acid and magnetic water as a solvent respectively.

28

Study of Adding Cement to Hardened Powdered Novolac Resin Matrix for Manufacturing Novel Concrete i

Amer M. Ibrahim, Tahseen H. Mubarak, Al katawy A. Adwan, Wissam A. Hussian

Pages: 1-10 English

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Abstract

In this study, a new concrete has been manufactured by mixing powdered hardened novolac
resin with cement in equal proportions and in the presence of heat (150-200) 0C and pressure
(100 kN) as catalysts. The results of laboratory tests showed that the new concrete have a
compressive strength of (92 MPa) and a density of (1761.1 kg/m3 ) while the compressive
strength of the normal concrete at the age (28) days (25 MPa) and the density was (2368
kg/m3). It can be seen from the images taken by the scanning electron microscopy that there is
a correlation between concrete components (hardened powdered novolac resin with cement)
in the presence of heat and pressure as catalysts (Bakelite concrete).

29

Well log Sequence Stratigraphy and Petrophysical Properties of the Shiranish Formation in the Kirku

Aiad Ali Hussien Al-Zaidy

Pages: 1-15 English

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Abstract

The Shiranish Formation comprises the globigerinal marls and limestones of the Upper
Senonian (Upper Campanian-Maestrichtian). The present study has been discussed the
pertophysical properties of this marly rocks in Kirkuk oil field (K-260 and K-229). The study
area is located in northeastern Iraq (Kirkuk areas). This area lies within the Zagros foreland
basin, bordered on the northeast by the Zagros Mountains and on the southeast by the Arabian
Shield, and consists of linear and high amplitude folds that trend in a northwest-southeast
direction. The Shiranish Formation was deposited during the transgression period after the sea
level fall marked by the glauconitic contact (SBI) with the Kometan Formation. According to
the general facies observation with the gamma ray and resistivity logs patterns, there are two
major units in this Formation. The first unit is represented by six cycles of transgressive
system tracts (TST) which bounded the upper unit by maximum flooding surface; the second
unit is represented by three cycles of high system tracts which unconformably underlying of
Aaliji Formation. According to the porosity type and the conductivity properties in addition to
decreasing and increasing of shale effect (Gamma Ray) for the Shiranish Formation within K
260 and K-229 there are five petrophysical zones. These zones may be divided in to two Groups:-
A. Low petrophysical properties rocks, this include the zones II and IV.
B. Good petrophysical properties rocks, this include the zones I, III and V.
The zones of group B are important rock units because there are shows of fractured porosity
and gas effects in the zones three and five. Where, the zone three is represents a gas effect
when the neutron and density porosity are extrusive. While the zone five are represent the
fractured porosity in addition to present of gas effects. The first zone is different from the
previous two types by the type of rock is limestone and the fabric/porous type is moldic and
intragranular grainstone. At the last of this study the researcher is suggested that the Shiranish
Formation may be a good reservoir rocks (fractured reservoir).

30

Histomorphological Study of Thymus in Local Chicken " Gallus gallus domesticus "

Hanaa Kareem Ali

Pages: 1-13 English

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Abstract

A total number of ten healthy normal chickens from the local breed of both sexes and
different ages were used to show the distinctive histological and morphological architecture of
the thymus, the morphological study included the location, shape, boundaries and color, for
this purpose ten samples of the chicken thymus were used after the birds were killed either by
halal method or by euthanasia then thymic samples were treated with the routine histological
technique. Morphologically the thymus gland was a paired gland, consisted of two halves,
each half was situated along either side of the neck till the entrance of thoracic region in
parallel to the common carotid artery, jugular vein, trachea and esophagus and each half
contained a number of lobes ranged between 6-8 of flattened shape, while histologically the
gland enclosed by a thin connective tissue capsule from which numerous fine septa of
connective tissue originated and divided it into moderately separated lobules, the septa
contained blood vessels, each lobule had an outer cortex and central medulla without any
mark of isolation. Cortex contained a densely packed lymphocytes of small and medium size
making it give the impression of appearing deeply basophilic in contrast to the pale
eosinophilic medulla which showing reticuloepithelial cells with smaller amount of
lymphocytes and acidophilic cytoplasm. The reticuloepithelial cells were lesser in the cortex and numerous in the medulla, which aggregate together thus creating the formation of
Hassall's corpuscles.

31

Adsorption of Co(Ii) Ion from its Aqueous Solution Using Hydrogel Beads as Adsorbent

Amir Fadhil Dawood Al-Niaimi, Ahmed Mahdi Saeed, Sara T. Abed

Pages: 1-16 English

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Abstract

In this study one of the super absorbent hydrogel beads was used for adsorb Co(II) ion from
aqueous solution. The adsorption capacity of the adsorbent is presented and the time
required to reach a maximum capacity of bead (112.5 mg/g) form Co (II) ion was about 24
hr. The initial concentration, temperature, time and pH effect on adsorption process were
studied. The experimental data have been analyzed using the Langmuir ,Freundlich, Dubinin
and Temkin. The Langmuir isotherm model gave the highest R2 value of 0.9998. The
thermodynamic parameters were studied and calculated. First-order and second- order
kinetic models were used and it is shown that the experimental data was in reliable
compliance with the first- order model with R2 value of 0.992 .

32

Effect of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extract of Aerial Parts of Parsley (petroselinum crispum) on Some B

Arjan Aydin Zeynal.

Pages: 1-15 English

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Abstract

Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) is important medicinal plant, has widespread consumption in
food. The current study is aimed at declaration of antibacterial activity of aqueous and
ethanolic extract of P. crispum aerial parts (stems and leaves) in vitro against five bacteria;
Shigella flexneri, Acenitobacter baumani, Morganella morgani, Enterococcus faecalis and
Providencia spp. isolated from different specimens of nosocomial infection. Aerial parts
were extracted employing maceration method, antibacterial effect investigated by agar well
diffusion method by following concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 150, 200
mg/ml) of each extract, compared with 10 µg/ml of ciprofloxacin and tetracycline as positive
controls that were evaluated by agar disc diffusion method. Inhibition zones surrounding all
extract concentrations and positive controls were measured. The influence of ethanolic extract
exhibited zones of inhibition through (5-25) mm, while the inhibition zones resulted from the
action of aqueous extract were between (5-27) mm generally. The extracts displayed perfect
potency toward investigated bacteria as a whole. The aqueous extract was better than
ethanolic extract on the strength of activity overall. In most cases, the effects to be based on
rising the extracts concentrations. The 50 mg/ml concentration extracts was responsible for
initiation the action as far as 200 mg/ml concentration altogether. The influence of maximum
concentration (200 mg/ml) of the extracts was superior or likes to that of ciprofloxacin upon particular some bacteria. According to existing investigations it can be figuring out that the
parsley aerial parts have effective antibacterial activity supporting their uses in traditional
medicine, permitting their employment for treatment of nosocomial infections.

33

Investigation of Virulence Factors of Staphylococcus.Aureus That Isolated from Different Clinical I

Zainab Amer Hatem

Pages: 1-15 English

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Abstract

One hundred Staphylococcus isolates were isolated form different clinical samples which
were collected from hospital at Baladruz city (Diyala-Iraq). The specimens included wound,
burn, ear and nasal swabs . The highest rate for the isolation of these bacteria from burn
swabs 35% , wound swabs was 30%, ear was 25% ,nasal swabs 10% . All isolates produce
DNase ,and lipase ,while 70% of them produce protease . An antibiotic sensitivity test was
done for the bacterial isolates. All isolates resist to penicillin and Ampicillin with the ratio of
100% , 95% ,and the results showed that there was multiple resistant antibiotics. The pattern
of minimum inhibitory concentration of S. aureus isolates to vancomycin , erythromycin was
determined using MIC method, the MIC of them between (4-256 μg\ml). The results showed
that 17 isolate of S.aureus with ratio (85%) were vancomycin resistant while in this study
found that 3 isolates (15%) have intermediate resistance ,So (75%) of isolates that be found
resistance to erythromycin antibiotic. Biofilm detection was tested by Tube method (TM), the
method of Congo Red Agar (CRA), and the method Tissue culture plate (TCP) .Out of 20
isolates, method of tube detected 80% of isolates showed strong biofilm ,while by CRA
method detected 77.8% as high biofilm producer. In the same time 30% of isolates gave the
OD values ranged from 0.430 to 0.542. This isolates were detected for their bacteriocin
production that found 35% were as bacteriocin Producers by well diffusion method, (15%)
by the stab-over lay.

34

Fabrication Dye Sensitized Solar Cells by Using Natural Dye Beet Root (Beta Vulgaris) as Photosens

Amir .F .Dawood AL-Niaimi, AbdulKareem .M.Ali.ALsamarai, Zianab. I.Sadq

Pages: 1-18 English

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Abstract

In this study different types of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) were fabricated using two
kinds of titania (TiO2) semiconductors as photo anodes and four kinds of counter electrodes,
sensitized natural dye Beta vulgaris (beetroot) dye (Betalin). And the electrolyte (I-/I3-). TiO2
semiconductors includes; Nano sized powder (deposited on Indium doped Tin oxide (ITO)
glass) and anodized nanotubes template on titanium foil. The counter electrodes include;
platinum, electropolymerized polyaniline (PANI), polythiophene (PTh) and polypyrrole (PPY)
(also all deposited on ITO glass). The surface structure of prepared photo anodes and counter
electrodes were analysis by AFM, SEM,XRD and FTIR. The absorption spectra of natural dye
was investigated by UV-Visible spectroscopy which showed absorbed light at 479 nm and 536
nm. The efficiency of prepared DSSCs were estimated through I-V characterization, the fall
factors (ff) and electrical conversion efficiencies (ղ %) were measured using potentiostat. The
efficiencies of all DSSCs follow the order ; ITO/Pt – Ti/TNTs > ITO/Pt – ITO/TiO2 > ITO/PANI – Ti/TNTs > ITO/PPY – Ti/TNTs >
ITO/PTh – Ti/TNTs > ITO/PTh – ITO/TiO2 > ITO/PANI – ITO/TiO2 > ITO/PPY –
ITO/TiO2. The best efficiencies were achieved using Ti/ TNTs and ITO/TiO2 as anode and ITO / Pt as
cathode they were 1.38% and 0.56% respectively.

35

Effect of Aluminum Doping on Structural Properties of CuO Thin Films Prepared by Chemical Spray Pyr

Ziad T. Khodair, Ali Adwan H, Noora. H.Shallal

Pages: 1-11 English

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Abstract

In this paper CuO thin films were prepared using chemical spray pyrolysis technique (CSP)
with different dopant concentration of Al+3 (0, 3, 5 and 7)% at substrate temperature of (400
ºC), and thickness of about (400±10) nm .The structural properties of (CuO: Al) thin films
were studied using X-ray diffraction technique. The investigation through the above technique,
appeared the structure of CuO which was of crystalline monoclinic and preferred orientation
along (111) plane. Also the structural studies showed the decrease of average grain size with
increase of (Al) dopant concentration were in the range of (12.57-11.69 nm). The structural
parameters including dislocation density (δ), and number of crystal per unite area (No) were
also calculated. The atomic force microscopes (AFM) results showed that the root mean
square (RMS) and surface roughness increases with increase of (Al) dopant.

36

RAAG Package to Compute a Presentation for the Automorphism Groups of the Right-Angled Artin Groups

Abdulsatar J. AL-Juburie

Pages: 1-21 English

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37

Histological and Morphological Study of the Uropygial Gland in Gull (Larus canus)

Khalid Ibrahim Abd Al-Khazraji

Pages: 1-10 English

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Abstract

This study has been done in order to investigate the anatomical and histological structures of
the uropygial gland in gulls (Larus canus). The gland of birds in the present study was
examined macroscopically and microscopically. The study revealed that the gland has heart
shaped like, consisted of two lobes joined together at caudal end by isthmus, and one short
papillae. The weight of gland was recorded mean of (0.81± 0.12 gram), while the means of
the length and diameter of right and left lobe were (1.19± 0.06 cm, 0.35± 0.04cm and 1.18±
0.03 cm, 0.34 ± 0.02cm ) respectively. The gland showed dense connective tissue capsule
surrounded the two lobes and the papillae, and each lobe has parenchyma and central cavity.
The parenchyma consists of a straight and convoluted secretory tubules separated by tiny
trabeculae that increased in thickness toward the lobe center. The epithelial lining of secretory
tubules showed four cellular layers; includes the basal, intermediate, secretory and
degenerative cells. Three zones in the parenchyma were detected based on the trabecular
development, widening of the tubule lumen and the height of epithelial lining. To conclude,
the uropygial gland could be classified as exocrine and holocrine type in gull.

38

Photo Electro Chemical performance evaluation of some natural dyes used in solar cells, DFT study a

Amir F. Dawood AL-Niaimi, Salah A. Jassim Humadi, Naba B. Ali

Pages: 1-9 English

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Abstract

Several natural dyes belonging to anthocyanin goups have been studied to evaluate their
potential use in the dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). DFT/B3LYP 3-21G, DFT/B3LYP/ 6
31G, DFT/B3LYP/ 6-311G and TD-DFT as computational methods were used to calculate
some parameters such as Egap, Voc and global electrophilicity using TiO2 as conduction
band. Comparison between the three methods were done using statistical analysis to
investigate the dye which is more efficient due to their photoelectrochemical performance,
especially those of the Voc and global electrophilicity properties. The obtained results showed
that the delphinidin pigment been the best one between the twenty five dyes used in this
study.

39

Bacteriological Study of Escherichia coli Isolated from Different Infections in Diyala

Eman Abass Ali, Ibtihal Hameed Mohsin, Izdehar M. Jasim

Pages: 1-13 English

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Abstract

The goal of present study was to Isola and Identifi--cation of "Escherichia coli" from
different Infections and detection the sensitivity and resistance of Ecoli to antimicrobials
Additionally detection of virulence factors . This study was conducted from the period from 1
/ 6 / 2016 to 1/ 9 / 2016 in Baquba city in Iraq.. It included; Fiftin samples were collected
from different infections from Baquba General Hospital and AL-Batool Hospital. Twenty
isolates were found to be Escherichia coli .The susceptibility test was applied on these
isolates against deferent antibiotics. The results revealed that the highest resistances were for
Piperacilline(93.3%) and highest Sensitive Imipenem with 100%, While the lowest resistance
were for Tobramycin (9%) . Moreover the results of virulence factors that had E. coli showed
possession of all isolates many virulence factors and a high production of which increases the
pathoginicity of it. All isolates were unable to produce urease and gelatinase, but heamolycin
(35%) . As well as, Tow isolate (10%) were able to production Extended Spectrumβ
Lactamases enzyme. Furthermore, four isolate (20%) were able to production metalloβ
Lactamases Finally, six isolate(30%) were able to production Bacteriocin.

40

Determination of total protein in human blood by laser

Sahra Salem Jassem, Abdul Rahman Rashid Mohammed

Pages: 1-14 English

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Abstract

The capabilities of laser analysis of total protein (TP) were studied. Semiconductor laser
diode of 5-mW maximum power, (532) nm wavelength and (4) nm bandwidth is used as
laser system (LS) to analyze and find the concentration of total protein (TP) in human blood
serum.
All the absorption spectra of TP were measured with a UV–VIS spectrophotometer.
The spectral plot showed that the maximum absorbance of (TP) is at the range (520-580nm)
and the peak at (546) nm .The (LS) measurements included the study of absorbance (A) of
(TP) as a function of cuvet thickness (t), transmittance (T)
as a function of (t) and (A) as a
function of laser power. To ascertain our calculations, the results have been compared with
the results of spectrophotometer. The (RSD %) values are about (0.67-17.18).

41

Comparative Histological Study of Pancreas in Heteropneustes Fossilis and Barbus Luteus

Anwar Abdul-Ameer Mohammad Karim

Pages: 1-11 English

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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to compare histological structure of pancreas gland in two of
common species of fishes in Iraq, Heteropneustes fossilis and Barbus luteus. The study
revealed that the gland is of a diffused type in both species, also the pancreatic tissue is
restricted to the anterior part of the abdominal cavity in H. fossilis ,wheras in B. luteus the
pancreatic tissue diffused in the fatty tissue among the intestinal coils. The acini are found
around the blood vessels ,for instance they follow the course of the portal vein and hepatic
artery ,therefore the histological study has demonstrated the existence of hepatopancreas in both
species .But in B.luteus, the acini are found around the vessels within the spleen ,thus the
splenopancreas distinguished in this species only .The endocrine portion of pancreas has
represented by numerous islets of Langerhans in the tissue around the gall bladder, bile duct
and blood vessels in H. fossilis ,but there was large islet of Langerhans in addition to numerous
small islets in the glandular tissue close to gallbladder

42

Groundwater Investigation in Iraqi Marshland Area

Hussein Ilaibi Zamil Al-Sudani

Pages: 1-18 English

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Abstract

The Iraqi Marshland area located in Misan , Basrah and Thi-Qar Governorates in the south of
Iraq covering an area approximately (8350) Km2 , where its divided into three parts , Hwizah ,
Hamaar and Central Marshes (Qurna marshes) . Several deferent depths Groundwater wells had
been drilled near and around the Marshes area in order to utilize its groundwater in several
purposes. The area of Marshlands characterized by highly quantities of Groundwater within big
saturated thickness and good hydraulic properties of Quaternary deposits, where these deposits
texture consist of gravel, sand, silt and clay. Groundwater depths within the semi unconfined aquifer
were shallow ranging between less than (10) to (40) meters. According to the Topography, groundwater
movements flow from all directions towards the marshlands area which well be as subsurface
groundwater discharge area. The total dissolved salts of groundwater was very high concentration where
these waters can't be used for Human, Agriculture and Animal purposes due to the long distance of
groundwater movements from recharge to discharge area beneath Marshlands.

43

Ecology and geographical distribution of the genus Ferula L.Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) grown in Iraq.

Jawhar Fattah Saeed

Pages: 1-10 English

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44

Effect the visible and Infra Red Rays of Diode laser on some types of bacteria isolated from differ

Sura Hameed Nayyef

Pages: 1-14 English

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Abstract

This study was carried out in laboratories of college sciences/ Tikrit University to investigate
effect of visible diode laser with wave length (600) nanometer and Infra Red Diode laser with
wave length (800) nanometer on some types of bacteria that isolated from different infects of
human skin. All isolates that exposed to laser irradiation were E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus,
Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bacterial growth differ according to
laser’s ray type that used in the irradiation. Most bacteria effected with visible laser ray at 15
seconds were E.coli and Staphylococcus aureus, the growth rate was 40%, while all bacterial
isolates were effected with infra red ray, the growth rate of bacterial isolates was 40% except
E.coli the growth was absent at 10 and 15 seconds. Sensitivity test was done after and before
irradiation with two type of laser diode rays to all bacterial isolated and the results were
different according to type and time of the laser radiation. Staphylococcus aureus became
sensitive to Amikacin, Vancomycin and Oxacillin antibiotics after irradiation with visible laser
diode for (5,10 and 15) seconds, while sensitivity of Staphylococcus saprophyticus was
increased to Vancomycin also E.coli became sensitive to Vancomycin sensitivity increased to
Oxacillin at 5 and 15 seconds. Results was different when the bacterial isolated irradiated to
Infra Red laser diode. Staphylococcus aureus became to Amikacin and Vancomycin but the
sensitivity of Staphylococcus saprophyticus to all antibiotics not different just become more
resistant to Vancomycin and Oxacillin while E.coli became sensitive to Ciprofloxacin,
Amikacin, Vancomycin and Oxacillin with irradiation at 5 seconds. The sensitivity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa increased to Amikacin after irradiation with visible and Infra-Red
laser diode for 15 seconds.

45

Dye Sensitized Solar Cells by using Pomegranate Dye as Photosensitizer and Nano electrodes

Amir .F .Dawood AL-Niaimi, AbdulKareem .M.Ail.ALsamarai, Zianab. I.Sadq

Pages: 1-23 English

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Abstract

In this study different types of DSSCs were fabricated using two kinds of titania (TiO2)
semiconductors as photo anodes and four kinds of counter electrodes, while the sensitized
pomegranate dye (Anthocynin) and the electrolyte (I-/I3-) are the same. TiO2 semiconductors
includes; nanosized powder (deposited on ITO glass) and anodized nanotubes(TNTs) template
on
titanium foil. The counter electrodes include; platinium, electropolymerized
polyaniline(PANI), polythiophene (PTh) and polypyrrole(ppy) (also all deposited on ITO
glass). The prepared photoanodes and counter electrodes were subjected to surface structure
analysis by AFM, SEM,XRD and FTIR. The absorption spectra of natural dye was investigated
by UV-Visible spectroscopy which showed absorbed light at 520nm and 310nm. The efficiency
of prepared DSSCs were estimated through I-V characterization, the fall factors (ff) and
electrical conversion efficiencies (ᵑ%) were measured using potentiostat. The efficiencies of all
DSSCs follow the order;
ITO/Pt – Ti/TNTs > ITO/PANI – ITO/TiO2 > ITO/Pt – ITO/TiO2 > ITO/PTh – Ti/TNTs >
ITO/PANI – Ti/TNTs > ITO/PPY – ITO/TiO2 > ITO/PTh – ITO/TiO2 > ITO/PPY – Ti/TNTs.
The best efficiencies were achieved using Ti/TNTs and ITO/TiO2 as anode and ITO/Pt and
ITO/PANI as cathode they are 2.64% and 0.74% respectively.

46

Toxic Effect of Alcoholic and Alkaloids extracts of Melia azedarach plant in two cell lines

Maryam Hikmat Abdullatif, Ibrahim Hade Muhamed, AmerTalibTawfiq

Pages: 1-14 English

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Abstract

In this study we showed effect of alcoholic and alkaloids crude extract of M.azedarach fruits
on tumor cell
lines
HepG2, SK-GT2, and so using six concentration
(12.5,25,50,100,200,400)g/ml, and for a period of 24 hours exposure. Both extract revealed
cytotoxicity on different cell line, and this effect depend on concentration and type of cells and
extract.The inhibition activity for tumor cell line increas with increase concentration of extract.
While found that tumor cell line type inhibition variance in both extract depending on cells
differences.The lowest inhibition rate for alcoholic extract was 9.8% in concentration
12.5µg\ml, and higher inhibition rate was 59.2% in concentration 400µg\ml for HepG2, while
for SK-GT2 the lowest inhibition rate was 4.3% for alcoholic extract in concentration
12.5µg\ml and higher inhibition rate was 36.3% in 400µg\ml.

47

Serological Study for Prevalence Of Igg And Igm Toxoplasmosis Among Cancer Patients

Nagham Y.K AL-Bayati, Maha falh Nazzal, Shahad Abd AL-Gabbar Mohammad

Pages: 1-13 English

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Abstract

The present study aims to determine the epidemiology of infection parasite Toxoplasma
gondii in immunocompetent patients (cancer patients) attending to Medicine City Hospital
/ Unit tumors with a group of people with a normal immune system as a control . Enzyme
Linked Immunosorbent Assay test were used for the purpose of investigate immune
antibodies anti-Toxoplasma gondii type IgG and IgM test and Ca19-9 test was used for tumor
antibody detection in serum and its relationship with many of the factors that affect the
infection . This study was conducted on 296 people , including 178 people with cancer and
59 people normal people (healthy) as control group and 59 of the people infected with
toxoplasmosis . Blood samples were collected for the period from the first of October 2015
to the fifteenth of February2016 . The percentage of chronic infection was 52.24% for cancer
patients and 100% of patients with Toxoplasma and 30.5% for the control group, while for
acute infection, the percentage was 51.37% for cancer patients and 33.89% For patients
with Toxoplasma and there was not any infection in Control group and there were no
significant differences at the level of probability of p< 0.001.The study results showed that the concentration of immuno glubuline IgG in patients with toxoplasmosis 87.32±35.76
Ul/L , cancer patients and control group were 105. 80 ± 96.11 Ul/L and 63.26±14.20 Ul/L
,
respectively , while the concentration of serum levels of Ca19-9 for patients with
toxoplasmosis , cancer and control group were 145.51 ± 41.13 Ul/L , 197.11± 12.11 Ul/L
and 55.49±11.13 Ul/L , respectively. Results of the study showed that there were significant
differences infection T. gondii between different types cancer p< 0.001 for acute infection
also it was found that there were significant differences for chronic infection p< 0.001 for
patients with liver cancer , lung , cervical and colon while there was significant differences
at p< 0.05 for breast cancer , In the other hand the current results were shown that there
were significant differences in the relationship between the infection of T. gondii and types
of cancer for ELISA IgG test in lung cancer , uterus , colon , while there was not observed
significant
differences in both breast and liver cancer , the highest percentage for
toxoplasmosis was in the lung cancer 68% and the lowest was 43.82% in breast cancer For
acute infection the highest percentage rate was in colon cancer (28.57% ) and the lowest
was in lung cancer patient (12%) and there were significant differences for each of liver ,lung
,uterus, breast ,colon cancer.

48

Evaluation Relationship between IL-10 ,IL-1α in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients

Hameed Mahmood Majeed, Malik Hadi Qadurie

Pages: 1-10 English

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Abstract

The presence of a high concentration of Interliukin-10 (IL-10) In the serum of patients with
tumors It is harmful to the health of the injured useful for tumor And that because of its
inhibitory properties of the immune response, and perhaps IL-10 works as a growth or a catalyst
in stimulating the growth of cancer cells, the study aims to investigate IL-1α levels, IL-10, and
evaluating the relationship between them in patients with liver cancer, samples were collected
from the educational tumors National Hospital and Al-amal for the treatment of tumors /
Baghdad, for the period from 25/07/2015 until 25/2/2016, taking as 5 cm 3 of venous blood of
patients with primary liver cancer was 30 and secondary liver cancer was 20 were appointed
before the treatment was up a set of secondary liver cancer after taking four doses of
chemotherapy, and were compared to a group control of 20, the method is used by linked
immunosorrbent assay (ELISA) to measure the level of cytokine, results showed the highest
IL-1α levels, IL-10, at the level of probability p <0.01 between groups study, compared with
the control group and there are no significant differences between groups The study, the study
showed no significant differences among groups of secondary liver cancer before and after
treatment.

49

Combination effect of Erythromycin And Clindamycin On Staphylococcus Aureus , Isolated From Differe

Hadi R. Rasheed Al Taai, Abbas. A. Farhan Al-Dulaimi, Asmaa Ahmed Chiad

Pages: 1-17 English

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Abstract

The study included isolation and diagnosis 10 isolates o from Staphylococcus aureus out of 211
samples collected from different infectious sources for the period from 10/09/2015 to 1/1/2016.
The highest rate for the isolation these bacteria from wounds swabs was 9.5%, and vaginal
swabs were 8%. Burns swabs 6.9%, pharynx was 4 %, and ear swabs was 1.6. The results of
investigating the virulence factors for Staphylococcus bacteria isolates showed that all
isolates have ability to produce Hemolysin by 100 % , it, but for the Staphylokinase by 80%
have the ability to produce it, while for the production efflux pumps was 9 isolates by 90%.
The investigation of the sensitivity of isolates against 12 antibiotic , showed that all isolates
were resistant to the Penicillin G by 100% , while the isolates were resistante to Erythromycin
by 60% , The resistant for Clindamycin was 50%, while the resistance of for Vancomycin
was 40%, and the resistance for Gentamicin was 40%. The Minimum Inhibition Concentration
MIC for 2 of antibiotics i .e. Erythromycin, Clindamycin antibiotic have ranged between (256
1024), (64-1024), µg / mL, respectively Results of mixing Erythromycin with Clindamycin
showed a significant reduction in the ranges of MIC of antibiotics after the mixing process
than it is in the case of the use of each antibiotic alone. The results also showed that the mixing
ratio
(1: 3) is the best among the other ratios where all the isolates under study showed
synergistic effect on nine isolates out of 10 isolates by 90 %. The results of mixing Clindamycin with Erythromycin showed a significant reduction in the ranges of MIC of antibiotics after the
mixing process and the results showed that the mixing ratio (1: 2 and 1: 3) is the best among
other proportions as it showed that all the isolates under study have synergistic effect on 7 and
9 isolates by 70% and 90% . Results of plasmid profile of S. aureus isolates showed one band

50

Investigation On Some Antioxidants And Free Radicals Associated With Toxoplasmosis In The Serum Of

Omaima I. Mahmood, Khalid. A. H. Al-Saeedy, Nuha S. Al-Bayatii

Pages: 1-9 English

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Abstract

The present study was conducted to determine the level of some antioxidants and free radicals
associated with infection of toxoplasmosis in the serum of pregnant women. 60 blood samples
were collected from women their ages between (33-37) year from the city of Qara tapah in
Diyala province divided in two groups, the first one was included (30) samples of infected
women with abortion history , while the second group included (30) volunteers from non
infected pregnant women . The results showed significant increase (P≤0.05) in the
Malondialdelyde and radical of peroxy nitratein infected women and get significant decrease in
the concentration of Glutathione , Arylesterase and Antioxidant Activity compared with the
control group. This study indicated incidence of oxidative stress which accompany with this
disease.

51

Synthesis and Identification of Some Five and Seven-membered heterocyclic Derivatives From (4-( Un

Hamid Mohammed Saleh Al-Jubori

Pages: 1-24 English

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Abstract

Through the 3-Undecane benzene methanamine group of compounds were prepared . this
compound is considered the first step in the preparation process. It was obtained by extracting
a mixture of Linear alkyl benzene in its interaction first with the chloromethane[A] thin with
ammonium chloride to prepare the basic compound[A1] which contains a group amen in them
process a number of the some new Schiff's bases compounds were used and they the numbers
(A2-A7).Through the interaction between 3-Undecane benzene methane with a number of the
suitable aldehydes and ethanol as a solvent .After this a number of organic compounds were
prepared through using the new of prepared Schiff's bases at the first step which contains the
isomers group in preparing number of heterocyclic compounds labeled (A8-A13) and hepta
heterocyclic compounds labeled
(A14-A19) was prepared from Schiff's bases (A2-A7),
prepared at a the first step which contains isomethene group. All the Synthesis compounds in
the study were diagnosed by using (IR) and some others by using (1H-NMR).

52

Antibiotic Susceptibility of Bacterial Isolates from Diabetes Patients with Foot Ulcers

Abbas Y. Hasan

Pages: 1-12 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The study includes 40 patients infected with diabetes mellitus foot ulcer, belong to both sexes
and their ages between 41-80 years, admitted to Baquba Educational Hospital. The swabs taken
from patients have been cultured in media of Blood agar and MacConkey agar. The
characterizations of morphology and biochemical test for isolates shows that 58 isolates of
aerobic bacteria, these were as follows: Staphylococcus aureus 37.9%, Pseudomonas
aeruginosa 32.8%, E.coli 22.4% and Streptococcus pyogenes 6.9%. Monobacteral infection
was observed in 65% of the patients, while polybacterial infection was 35% . The peak
proportion of diabetic foot ulcer was recorded between 41-50 years in both sexes. The
sensitivity of isolates were tested against 15 different antibiotics according to Kirby-Bauer disc
diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar. It was obvious that Ciprofloxacin, Imipenem and
Ofloxacin were more active against S. aureus followed by Cefotaxime. Augmentin,
Ciprofloxacin and Imipenem were more active against S. pyogenes followed by Ofloxacin.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa resisted to most of antibiotics except Amikacin and Imipenem. The
more active antibiotics against E. coli were Amikacin, Imipenem and Piperacillin/ Tazobactam
followed by Gentamicin and Meropenem.

53

Genetic variation among three population for Old World Screwworm Chrysomya bezziana (Diptera: Calip

Ammar Ahmed Sultan AL-Qeraqouly

Pages: 1-16 English

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Abstract

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction RAPD-PCR technique was
used in this study to investigate genetic relationship among three populations of Old World
Screwworm Chrysomya bezziana from Northern, Middle and Southern Iraq. Environmental
conditions such as temperature, relative humidity and the amount of annual rainfall to be
different in the northern, Middle and Southern Iraq , In addition to the northern of Iraq away
from the southern a distance of 1,000 km and away from the middle distance of approximately
500 km or less, as well as there are some mountains and rivers separating northern Iraq from
the middle and south , these environmental conditions act as geographical barriers to gen flow
among the three population. We have used in this study seven primers and Tools For Population
Genetic Analysis (TFPGA) software was used to calculate percentage efficiency of each primer
and percentage of discriminatory ability of each primer , In addition to Nei’s genetic identity.
The results showed that the primers No. 3 , 4 and 6 gives The highest number of polymorphism and highest of percentage efficiency and percentage of discriminatory ability which is 7, 20 and
21.2 respectively ., While primer No. 2 gave The lowest of polymorphism and percentage
efficiency and percentage of discriminatory ability which is 2 , 5.71 and 6.06 respectively .,
When comparing among three population through genetic identity observed that Ch.bezziana
of northern Iraq close genetically to Ch.bezziana of middle Iraq, the degree of genetic
convergence is 0.111. While Ch.bezziana of northern Iraq far from the genetically Ch.bezziana
from southern Iraq, the degree of genetic convergence is 0.264 . While they are close genetically
to Ch.bezziana of middle Iraq the degree of genetic convergence is 0.127 . which reveals that
there is a low level of genetic identity reflecting the fact that the environmental conditions
appear to act as a barrier to gene flow among these populations.

54

Bacteriological study of infectious meningitis and necrotizing enterocolitis in children less than

Tharieyt abdul Rahman motlag, Luma abdal hady Zwein

Pages: 1-15 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The study included 200 samples were collected from children under two years old
included (50 samples from each of Cerebrospinal fluid, Blood, Stool and Urine ) from,(
Central Children Hospital and Children's Protections Educational Hospital) The Iraqi Ministry
of Health, the Department of Health Baghdad .the period from the first of 2015 September to
the first of December 2015 . The samples (Blood and CSF) were culturing on Brain heart
infusion broth, after that culturing on MacConkey agar, the samples (Stool and Urine)
culturing on MacConkey agar . On the hand samples ,of clinical cases were collected to
isolate the Bathogenic bacteria , These isolates diagnosed to the species by using ApiE20
system .76 isolates were obtaincan (Escherichia coli 25%, and, Proteus vuglaris , Proteus
penneri 2.63% respectively, and Proteus mirabilis 10.53%, and Enterobacter clocae 11.84%,
and Enterobacter aerogenes 5.26% , Salmonella arizonae and Raoultella ornithinolytica
7.89%, respectively, Klebsiella pneumonia 15.79% , Serratia marcescen , Serratia odorifera
and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia 1.32% respectively, Citrobacter koseri 2.63% and
Shewanella putrefaciens 3.94%

55

Investigation on bla Ctx-M-1, Virulence Factors and Multidruge Resistance in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Hadi Rahman Rasheed Al-Taai, Zainab Mohammed Hameed, Izdehar Mohammed Jasim

Pages: 1-16 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

One hundred seventy six clinical specimens were included in this study. These specimens
included burns, wounds, ear and urinary tract infections from different ages and sex and from
resident and out patients in the hospital . Twenty isolates of P. aeruginosa were recovered
(11.36%) after do bactereiological and biochemical tests by using VITEK 2 compact
.The antibiotic susceptibility patterns for 8 antibiotics were carried, the antibiotic resistance of
P. aeruginosa isolates to cephalosporines was appeared to be variable, so that the resistant
rate to Ceftazidime, Cefatoxime, , Cephalothin and Cephalexin were 90%, 25%, 100% and
100% respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the Cefotaxime and
Ceftrazidime were determined by serial double dilutions technique The MIC for Cefatoxime
was 8-512, and for Ceftazidime was 8-1024. All P. aeruginosa isolates were investigated for
detection of broad spectrum β-lactamases, 55% of the isolates were appeared to have the
ability for broad spectrum β-lactamases. The detection of the presence of bla CTX-M-1 was
done , the isolates possession rate for bla CTX-M-1 was 72.7%. Furthermore , the production of
virulence factors which include the ability for the biofilms formation and the detection of
efflux pumps were done , 100% of the isolates were biofilms former, and 95% of the isolates
possess the efflux pumps.

56

Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Jatropha curcas L.(Euphorbiaceous)in some Genera of Fungi Isolated

Khazal Dh. Wadi AL-Jibouri, Anaam F. Hussein Al-Zuhairi

Pages: 1-9 English

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Abstract

This study included the preparation of alcoholic (ethanol) by fermentation method of aerial
part of Jatropha curcas L. .The detection on chemical compounds of secondary metabolism
products of plant in crude extract revealed that are: alkaloids ,tannins ,glycosides ,saponins,
phenolic compounds and steroids .The inhibitory effect of ethanolic extract against the fungi
genera Aspergillus ,Penicillium ,Rhizopus and Fusarium, isolated from contaminated food is
also determined by the percentage of inhibitory in petri dish at the concentrations (25, 50,
75,100,200 ) mg/ml ,the extract gave the inhibitory activity against fungi, so the percentage
increased with the increasing of concentration specially at the high concentration 200 mg/ml
against fungal isolates Aspergillus , Penicillium , Rhizopus and Fusarium :( 81 , 80 , 75.3 ,
75.1)% respectively.

57

The Serologicalrates of Cytomegalovirus Among Women in Diyala Province, With a Study of Some The Im

Mohammed Khaleefah Khudhair, Mazin Razooqi Mohammed, Noor- Alhuda Sadoon Jassim

Pages: 1-10 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

This study aims to determine anti-CMV IgG, IgM antibodies rates of the cytomegalovirus
among women in Diyala province and determine the level of concentration of IL6, IL10 and
their role in immune response. This study was carried out on 181 women attended to AL Battol
Teaching Hospital for maternity and Children in Baquba-Diyala, and outpatient clinic in
Baquba Teaching Hospital. During the period from September 2015 to February 2016. The
above selected women divided in to two group including 130 samples from aborted women, In
addition to 50 samples from women as control group. The women age in the study were ranged
between 15-30 year. Anti- CMV IgG and IgM antibodies were assayed by ELISA technique
using (ELISA -Human, Germany) at the Public Health Laboratory Baquba. The results showed
that the anti-CMV IgG, IgM antibodies seroprevalence among aborted women was (96.15%) ,
(6.92%) respectively. In addition 48 samples was selected from the total number of samples in
the current study with anti-CMV IgG antibodies seropositive to measurement the Level of (IL6
, IL10) in women and Using the ELISA technique also. This group included 28 samples from
aborted women in addition to 20 samples from women samples as control group. The results of
interleukin-6 were high in women serum with CMV infection, the concentration in aborted
women was
)
23.23
±
2.85
(
pg/ml which is statistically significant P < 0.001.When compared with the control group level
)
12.2
±
8.2
2
(
pg/ml. The results of interleukin-10 were reduction in
women serum with CMV infection , Where the concentration in aborted women was
)
2.11
±
2.11
(
)
8
.
22
±
pg/ml which is statistically significant P < 0.003 When compared with the control
group. level
12.2
(
pg/ml.

58

Assessment the Association between Anti-Chlamydial Ab in Coronary Heart Disease with Some Immunolog

Mohammed Khalifa Khudair, Mohammed Abdul Diam saleh, Naseer Hafedh Ibrahim

Pages: 1-13 English

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Abstract

This study was conducted in Diyala province for patients with Coronary heart diseases during
period from the beginning of August 2015 to the end of May 2016, and the study was aimed
to determine the relationship between Coronary heart diseases and Chlamydia pneumonia and
to evaluate some immunological indicators for patients with coronary heart diseases, which
included the rate of anti- Ch. pneumoniaeIgG and IgM antibodies among patients with coronary
heart diseases and determining the level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interferon gamma (IFN-Y
) mediated by ELISA. A total of 140 for patients with coronary heart diseases where 95 males
and 45 of the female after diagnosis by a physician specialist in advisory clinic in Baquba
Teaching Hospital in Diyala province, according to the criteria adopted by the World Health
Organization , also collected 30 sample as a control group contain 16 male and 4 of the female.
The mean age of patients 53.42 ± 13.87years with an age rang 31-70 years, and for the controls,
and the mean age was72.85 ± 14.92 years. The results of the current study showed that male
patients are higher than females 34.2% 13.4%, respectively, with a statistically significant
difference. The result recorded that age group 31-50, 51-70 years had the highest rate of infection by 20% and 56.42%, respectively, and the lowest percentage of infection within the
age group 10-30, 70> years and by 4.28% and 19.28%, respectively and with statistically
significant difference .In addition, the result of this study recorded a high positive rate of anti-
Ch. pneumoniaeIgM and IgG antibodies in patients group than control group, there were, the
positivity of anti- Ch.Pneumonia IgM and IgG antibodies in patients group was 6.42% and
50.7% respectively , while in control group was 0% for two types. The results also showed a
significant increase in the concentration of IL-6 in the serum of patient compared with healthy
sample, reaching concentration in the blood of people with CHD was750.5±146.8 pg / ml, while
the concentration in the standard sample was 227.8±17.6 pg / mL. The results showed a
significant increase in the concentration of INF-Ƴ in the serum of patient compared with healthy
sample, reaching concentration in the blood of people with CHD was 941.6±143.1 pg / ml,
while the concentration in the standard sample was 376.5±56.09 pg / mL .

59

Detection of aminoglycoside resistance gene aph(2")Ic in clinical isolates of Enterococcus fa

Hadi Rahman Rasheed, Shahad Saad Alwan, Dawood Salman

Pages: 1-10 English

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Abstract

This study involved isolation and diagnosis of 16 isolates of Enterococcus faecalis of the total
192 samples(urine ,stool , blood , wound , burns , ear and pharynge) collected from different
hospital in Baquba for the period from October 2015 to February 2016 .The highest isolation
rate 15.21% was from stool samples ، followed by 9.25% and 22.22% from urine and blood
specimens respectively.The isolates was indentified and confirmed by using the VITEK2
(Biomerieux-France ) . The results of the investigation of the virulence factors of Enterococcus
faecalis showed 75% isolates have the ability to produce bacteriocin ,while all isolates 100%
have the ability to biofilm production and 69% isolates have efflux pump .The susceptibility of
isolates against aminoglycoside showed that all isolates were resistant to Gentamicin with
100% The percentage of resistance to Streptomycin was 50% ,while resistance to Amikacin
was 25% .DNA bacterial of Enterococcus faecalis isolates which appeared to be resistant to
Gentamycin was extracted and presence of, aph(2")Ic gene was detected by using conventional
PCR ،anylitic results shows by using Ultraviolet light source (260/280 nm) isolates have for
aph(2")Ic with 444bp.

60

Detection of qnrA &qnrS in Ciprofloxacin Resistant Acinetobacter baaumannii

Mohammed F. Al- Marjani, Mahdi H. Nahil, Emad Q. Khadim, Alaa Mohammed Mahmod

Pages: 1-9 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Fifteen (15) Acinetobacter baaumannii isolated and identied from differentclinical samples
including wounds , burns , Urine , CSF and blood . the sensitivity of these isolate were tested
against Ciprofloxacin , Norfloxacin and levofloxacin . the result revealed that preacentance
(60%) of them are resistant for ciprofloxacin and (73.3%) for levofloxacin and norfloxacin. The
minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for isolates resistant for
Ciprofloxacin by using sensitive disces method. (MIC) valus for them was between (4-512)
ug/ml. The result of Gelelectrophorphes revealed that Ciprofloxacin resistant isolates possase
asingle plasmid band. Using poly merase chain reaction to determinate resistance gene qnrA
&qnrS in Acinetobacter baaumannii. qnrA gene is more frequent in local Acinetobacter
baaumannii isolate.