Anbar Journal of Engineering Sciences

During the last years, several researches have been studying the final disposal of tyres
wastes, due to the great volume generated worldwide, as well as the difficulty for discarding
the disposal sites which become a serious environmental problem. In spite of this, recycling
appears as the best solution for disposing tyres residues, due to its economical and ecological
advantages.
This research carried out to assess the feasibility of using crumb rubber (the product of
shredding used rubber tyres) as a partial sand replacement in foamed concrete, and
investigates the effect of it on some properties of foamed concrete such as, density, water
absorption, compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength and impact resistance.
Crumb rubber of tyres ranging from (0.7 to 5mm) in size was used in this research.
Three proportioned mixes were designed in this research, have the same cement content,
water-cement ratio, and foam content. The first mix represents a typical reference formulation
of foamed concrete without crumb rubber (FC). In the others mixes (FCR-1 and FCR-2),
respectively, 20 and 30% of volume of sand were replaced by crumb tyres rubber waste.
Tests carried out to assess the behaviour of final product. The results obtained were
demonstrated decreasing in foamed concrete strength (compressive, tensile, flexural, and
impact) with the increasing of crumb tyres rubber content in the mixture and rubberized
foamed concrete specimens (FCR-1 and FCR-2) show a cohesive behaviour than the
specimens of reference mix (FC), especially in tensile strength. Comparing with the reference
mix (FC), at an age of (28 days), the decreasing of compressive strength was (20.85%) for
(FCR-1) and it for (FCR-2) was (37.76%)

The research studies the prediction of thermal characteristics for open designer shape of
solar collector of flat plate of area 2.34m2
, connected to water tank of 85 liter capacity .
Mathematical model was represented and made the system of private accounts, transactions
and through the creation of mathematical equations and solved numerically using the method
of Finite Difference Method (FDM).The results of research is to obtain hot water at average
temperatures up to 520C at mid-day during February month, as the water temperature is at its
lowest value in this month in Baghdad city, with an average efficiency of the system up to
53.6% .This predictive study is compared with a previous measurement work and confirmed
that the results match well.

The aim of the study is to investigate the effects oils vegetable blends on the
performance of single cylinder compression ignition Engine. The three types of vegetable oil
appeared to affect the engine performance in a similar way and compared well with diesel
fuel, this paper included prepared four samples fuels . They include (10% sunflower oil- 90%
diesel blends) , (10% olive oil – 90% diesel blends), (10% corn oil- 90% diesel blends) and
pure diesel . The testing achieved between different fuel simples by using the engine four
stroke type (TD111) with a single-cylinder and compression ratio (21:1) .
The results show that there is decreasing in parameters performance of engine with
using vegetable fuel blends , the brake power decrease as (7.4% ),(5.2%) and ( 1.3%) with
using the samples (10% olive oil – 90% diesel blends) , (10% sunflower oil- 90% diesel
blends) , and (10% corn oil- 90%diesel blends) respectively compared with pure diesel fuel
for the engine speed of 2000 r.p.m. .While at same engine speed the ηbth showed a decrease
as (10.9 %),(7.5%) and ( 5.8%) with using the (10% olive oil – 90%diesel blends) , (10%
sunflower oil- 90%diesel blends) , and (10% corn oil- 90%diesel blends) respectively
compared with pure diesel fuel . At the same time , it can be found that bsfc also increases as
(7.9% ) , (5.7%) and ( 2.4%) with using (10% olive oil – 90% diesel blends) , (10%
sunflower oil- 90% diesel blends) , and (10% corn oil- 90% diesel blends)compared to pure
diesel fuel . The exhaust gas temperature decrease as ( 7 0C),( 5 0C)& (3 0C) with using the
samples (10% olive oil – 90% diesel blends) , (10% sunflower oil- 90% diesel blends) , and
(10% corn oil- 90%

Plates with interior openings are often used in both modern and classical aerospace,
mechanical and civil engineering. The understanding of the effects of two cutouts on the
stress concentration factor, maximum stress and deflections in perforated clamped rectangular
plates, were considered. Parameters such as location, size of cutout and the aspect ratio of
plates are very important in designing of structures. These factors were presently studied and
solved by finite element method (ANSYS) program. The results based on numerical solution
were compared with the results obtained from different analytical solution methods. One of
the main objectives of this study is to demonstrate the accuracy of the analytical solution for
clamped square plate.
In general, the results of the square clamped plates with two cutouts come out in good
agreement. The results presented here indicated that the maximum stress, deflection of
perforated plates can be significantly changed by using proper cutouts locations and/or size.
The results show that the rectangular plate containing two cutouts arranged along the width is
stronger and stiffer than when arranged along the length at a given spacing, and the square
plate is always stronger and stiffer than an equivalent rectangular plate for the same loading
condition.

Modeling and simulation are indispensable when dealing with complex engineering
systems. It makes it possible to do essential assessment before systems are built, Cantilever,
which help alleviate the need for expensive experiments and it can provide support in all stages
of a project from conceptual design, through commissioning and operation. This study deals with
intelligent techniques modeling method for nonlinear response of uniformly loaded paddle. Two
Intelligent techniques had been used (Redial Base Function Neural Network and Support Vector
Machine). Firstly, the stress distributions and the vertical displacements of the designed
cantilevers were simulated using (ANSYS v12.1) a nonlinear finite element program, incremental
stages of the nonlinear finite element analysis were generated by using 25 schemes of built
paddle Cantilevers with different thickness and uniform distributed loads. The Paddle Cantilever
model has 2 NN; NN1 has 5 input nodes representing the uniform distributed load and paddle
size, length, width and thickness, 8 nodes at hidden layer and one output node representing the
maximum deflection response and NN2 has inputs nodes representing maximum deflection and
paddle size, length, width and thickness and one output representing sensitivity (∆R/R). The
result shows that of the nonlinear response based upon SVM modeling better than RBFNN on
basis of time, accuracy and robustness, particularly when both has same input and output data.

TMF (thermomechanical fatigue) damage model devoted to prediction of the high
temperature fatigue lifetime of navel copper alloy (C46400) , was proposed .This model was
built on the basis of the stress –number of cycles curve responsible for damage due to
interaction of high temperature and fatigue. This obtained prediction compared was very
favorably with the cumulative experimental TMF results