JOURNAL OF ADMINISTRATION AND ECONOMICS

There is an important role for the modern Costs styles and Management in reducing Costs and Creating a kind of change towards a product with high quality and which specifications characteristic connotation the customer satisfaction.
Among these styles the Activities based Costs and Total Quality Management.
Completeness must be obtained between these two styles, the research identify this goal throughout finding out the relations between the since they are regarded as the elements of success for every firm or state , and They work together to reduce Costs and increase the product quality ,which leads to customers satisfaction.
Depending on the actual information of the General state for Batteries Industry, which is larges to Ministry of Industry and Minerals, in 2008, the practical part of the study has been clarified.
It has also been found that the style of Total Quality Management has the ability to create a competitive criterion represented by the quality of process and activities as a basis for getting products of high quality.
The (ABC) style has saved a number of non-financial performance ranges through non- financial marks for measuring costs directors which certain measures of time, quality and quantity.

Universities are considered the most important educational institutions that has the positive effect in the development of the society and its advance and the operation of output in the university require continuation and coutinuous improvement to provide the service to it and the society, the question that require availability of managerial and academic cadre that posses the new and successful management specifications.
The problem of study reside in how much it suffer from weakness in managerial performance which not keeping up with the new and modern administrative developments and its depend on traditional management procedures and routine which no longer keep pace with the modern are requirements , the matter that has cause and reasons for such study , and which draws its significance through dealing with a subject marked by newness which is the total quality management , also through building a sample to this management that agree with the nature of university management in our country and its capabilities , as it is hoped that it will have the effect in overcoming on all the problems and increase the pattern of the managerial and academic work in the university and achieve the educational and administrative objectives to it.
What the study has aimed to is knowing , this new conception , as well as the samples that appeared in it and its successful application in the world universities and through displaying the sample that the a researcher has built and put up a dialogue based on it and for applying it to benefit from it in university management and the study came out with conclusions that would benefit the researchers and the individuals to advantage and take the subject from different faces.

The banking crisis is a form of financial crises, which is appearing as competing the individuals to banks to recover their deposits with these banks, as a result of the banking panic, which dominate on individuals after their awareness of the financial situation of the banking system, which will make the banks in case of banking insolvency that may force the banking system in general to stop the convertibility of its obligations, or force the government to intervene to provide assistance to the banking system.
The banking crisis has a serious impact on the local economy, as well as on the international economy. Although many studies have dealt with such effects, but it is rare to find studies "to the knowledge of researchers" discuss the impact of the banking crisis on the demand for money.
Hence the importance of this research, is try to detect the impact of the banking crisis on the demand for money, because of the extreme importance of this issue, where the task of monetary policy will become more complex due to the instability of the demand for money through the banking crisis, then the monetary policy maker will not possess a clear vision, because he may not know the levels of money supply that would be more appropriate to achieve the targeting interest rate. And the search will start from the hypothesis: the banking crisis has effect on the demand for money function, which may reduce the effectiveness of monetary policy tools. And will search to prove this hypothesis on the inductive approach by relying on the modern approach of time series econometrics, using (Co integration model) to determine if the demand for money function estimated reflects a bogus function, on the one hand, on the other hand know whether the variables of the demand for money function remain stable during the long-term or not. Although it is possible to use the methodology of this research on any banking crisis in any country, but the research has been identified within the banking crisis of the South-East Asia in1997.

The scarcity of water resources in Agricultural sector is very critical now. The irrigated agricultural sector in Iraq balled about (85%) from water resources that belongs to the agricultural sector because Iraq was the first among Arab countries in irrigated agriculture. In the same time there was decreasing in water amount supplying to Iraq from Tigris and Euphrates by the rate (1.5%), the decreasing in water amount in Tigris was (3.2 %) , while the increasing in water amount in Euphrates record annual average growth about (1.3 %) in period (1991-2008) , this decreasing influence on quality of two rivers water because the salt increasing in both of them . The receptor water rate belong to agriculture in this period was (47.35) milliard cubic meter yearly , while the total requirements of water to agricultural purposes was (29.88) milliard cubic meter yearly in study period .The water lost rate was (17.47) milliard cubic meter yearly in (1990-2008).This indicate that the main cause of water scarcity in irrigated Agricultural Sector is non rational-classical methods of irrigation more than the decreasing of receptor water rate belong to agriculture. According to that it was necessary for that reason to focus upon water quotes for crops and reducing water losing by using the modern irrigation methods .Thus we wanted from the department that responsible about this matter put the suitable polices for increasing the water supply and that suites to the increasing of water demand whether it is for the agricultural irrigation or for the other purposes or other sectors .

The concept of foreign investment with its both parts; direct and portfolio ; has obtained increased interest in the last two decades in particular, for it provides both investing countries and foreign-investment hosting countries with great economic advantages and peculiarities.
Iraq is a developing country which undergone severe economic conditions in the last decade as well as deterioration, deflation, weak balance of payments and the need for foreign investment for the maladministration of its resource as well as its willingness to get new resources.
Based on this, Iraq must encourage foreign investments and must ensure suitable investing environment, as Iraq is considered one of the favorable and attractive economic environments for investment due to abundant natural resources and manpower that need efficient instrument. Thus it was inevitable to issue laws and regulations that help in attracting and activating investments in general and foreign investment in particular to work in Iraq. Thereafter came the law No. (13) in 2006in an attempt to treat this situation. This law has included several concessions, facilities and traits for the foreigner investors to attract investments into the country as well as focusing the encouragement of private and local investment, growing up and training human resources and skills to be able to accomplish active economic growth in Iraq. Yet this law has missed out certain aspects that should be dealt with to activate this aspect to build up a real economic growth for the country.

This paper concerned with preliminary single and double stage shrunken estimators for estimate the mean () of normal distribution when a prior estimate (0) of the actual () is a available using specifying shrinkage weight factors () as well as pre- test region (R).
Expression for the Bias [B()], Mean Squared error [MSE()], Efficiency [EFF()] and Expected sample size [E(n2)] for proposed estimators are derived. Numerical results and conclusions are drawn about selection different (constant) including in these expressions. Comparisons between suggested estimators with classical and some existing estimators are given in the sense of Bias and relative efficiency.