Linguistic Papers

The Book of speeches and Sermons by Abu Ubaid Al-Qasim bin Salam is considered one of the most important heritage books that supports religious appeal and is based on advice, preaching, and urging deeds of righteousness. Because of the impact these speeches and sermons have on the Arab recipient, these speeches represent a special deliberative dimension within an interactive, communicative framework with the intended purpose. A single speech depends on the deliberative foundations of thought, which are: (the two sides of the speech, the intentionality, and the context). We find that the book of speeches and sermons was full of multiple and varied thought foundations, the multiplicity of which was linked to the multiplicity of the two sides of the speech, and their different levels, and their diversity came about according to the different contexts in which they were said in terms of time, and Place. Time and place are two important linguistic signs of discourse formation. The temporal given is only determined in the context of communication and at the moment of its utterance. Spatial space is the reference for determining locations and places to which spatial signs refer during their utterance to a place outside of a place. Communication: transporting the recipient to the time and place of the events is one of the most important techniques that the sender adopts in his speech. To benefit from them psychologically in influencing the recipients, and we do not find texts in the Book of Speech and Sermons that are supported by temporal and spatial denotations unless they have deliberative purposes that were produced in contexts intended to preach, so we find the senders of the speech in the Book of speech and Sermons relying on enhancing preaching to the recipients by temporal denotations. Spatial, except that it has deliberative purposes that were produced in contexts in which it is intended to preach. We find the senders of speech in the book of speech and sermons relying on enhancing the preaching to the recipients with temporal cues at times, and enhancing it with spatial cues, or both at times.

This research attempts to shed light on the concept of structural parallelism, as it has been of interest to researchers. It has been subjected to multiple and different researches and studies, and each group has its own interpretation dictated by its perception of that concept. However, these researches and studies may converge on the ultimate goals of this understanding by enumerating one of the important mechanisms. The cohesion, interconnectedness, and harmony of the text, as well as its interpenetration with repetition that meets it in several places, which gave it an impactful dimension on the recipient by asking about the reason for that intended synthetic repetition in the text. Parallelism is incomplete repetition; From here, the study came to investigate syntactic parallelism, its functions, types, and functions. The study dealt with syntactic parallelism, starting from language to terminology, as well as parallelism among the ancients and moderns, with a chapter on the terms used on parallelism, its concept, its types, and its verbal functions in the language.

This research examines the importance of the computer in making montage and directing radio programms. It aims to emphasize the connection between computer and production and direction of broadcasting; outlines how the National Radio Corporation seeks the optimal use of the computer in the fields of radio montage and production. The research seeks to answer the following questions:
-What is the computer role in radio programmes montage and production?
- To what extent does Omdurman National Radio Corporation benefit from the latest frequent developments in computing, particularly softwares?
The researcher has used the descriptive approach, which describes the phenomenon in the research community without influencing it in any way, using the tools of data collection, particularly the interview and questionnaire tools.
The research concludes a number of findings as follows:
- All programms being broadcasted through the National Radio are produced and directed by the computer.
- The computer assists in saving the radio programmes, which are recorded through the " Rail" cassettes , and contributed in increasing of the recording timing "space.
The research recommendations include the following:
- Omdurman National Radio Corporation shall work on many programms, so as to produce and direct the broadcasting programms , and not only to confine itself to the media programms, to produce and direct the broadcasting programms , as well as to enhance the computer skills and capabilities for the staff radio production and direction.

Abu Al-Baqa Al-Ukbari (d. 616 AH) represents an important episode of the grammar lesson, why he has opinions in the total and sub-rules in the grammar lesson, and the concept of conflict and weighting of the concepts of the origins of grammar that Abu Al-Baqa was exposed to in his grammatical works, which is one of the evidence of provisions, which is revealing the breadth of thinking and opinion he has, so he takes the correct presentation and proofs that strengthen an opinion or doctrine and stabs the other and criticizes him, and this indicates something, but indicates the deduction he has and the accuracy of the provisions, and the levels of weighting It has three: the strong and preponderant level, the level in which the two parties are neutral and expressed as both used, and the third level that is weighted weak and expressed as a little doctrine.

The seven Mathani are seven groups of symmetric eight pairs of Surahs (i.e. 16 Surahs in each group). They are: the group of 2: Al-Baqara (The Cow), 3: Al Imran, 4: Al-Nisa, 5: Al-Maida, 6: Al-Anam, 7: Al-Aaraf, 8: Al-Anfal. Surah 1: Al-Fatiha is in symmetry with all these Mathani and with the Grand Qur’an, too. These theories will affect positively the translation of the meaning of the Holy Qur’an to the other languages.

Objectives: This research aims to investigate the Greek mythological symbols that appear in Arabian Nights, and how they were depicted according to the culture of stories, and their internal plot. The research also shows the possible reasons that may caused the presence and appearance of these symbols and the nature of their harmony.
Methods: We followed the descriptive and analytical approach based on the cultural context in revealing the textual and pictorial similarities and resemblances of the characters and creatures we find and the mythological roots related to them, without deviating from the comparative approach that monitors these approaches and revealing the extent to which some of the Arabian Nights stories are influenced by Greek mythology.
Results: The research concludes the great similarity between the symbols of ancient Greek stories and the Fantasy journeys within the stories of Arabian Nights, according to two tracks that determine the degree of intertextuality and the manifestation of the Greek origin.

Pragmatics’ interests are no longer limited to purely linguistic issues; It is also a way to fully open up, universally, to all kinds of speech, whether linguistic or non-verbal; as long as this or that communication is related to the practical level at which words become an achievable /accomplished acts which produce effects that are perlocutionary according to the requirements of evaluative and comparative evidence, as established by the founders of the theory (J.L. Austin, J.R. Searle, P.H. Grice,...). We consider the findings of the researcher and linguist Vanda Mikšić in the field of linguistics interesting and attractive, for she tried to establish the principles of the theory of linguistic acts through acts of silence, pointing out -in an unspoken way- that what is true of linguistic acts is perfectly true of acts of silence; because these acts, too, consist of Illocutionary Force and Proposed Content, but she sought to distinguish between two kinds of silence: "Linguistic silence” and "non-verbal silence” which is equivalent to the natural/innate silence. Her focus was on the first silence because of these below considerations:
a (its intrinsic place in theory as a whole - if we make the act of silence completely counter to the verbs of linguistic action- first ;
b) but also because it represents a new addition -in the absence of such serious and sober approaches- as it contributes in one way or another to the development and enrichment of the vast field of linguistic deliberation in general and the theory of linguistic acts in particular at its three levels.