Iraqi Journal For Economic Sciences

there is no doubt that the level of consumer goods prices plays an important role in determining the trends of demand، the level of satisfaction، economic and social welfare of the consumer، and that the study of such a subject is very important، especially in countries that suffer from political، economic، administrative and legal crises، as the case in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Therefore، the research analyzes the impact of the compulsory savings system on the level of prices of a sample of non-durable consumer goods in the city of Erbil. A number of conclusions were reached.
1- The shops selling non-durable consumer goods suffer from many problems، such as the instability of the exchange rate، the compulsory saving system، delayed payment of salaries and the low quality of goods.
2 - Non-durable consumer goods group (87.5%) recorded a decline in prices، because of the compulsory savings system and delayed payment of salaries.
3. The results showed that the percentage of the decrease in prices of non-durable consumer goods (10.66%) was lower than the average percentage of deductions in salaries of employees and all categories (47.14%).
4 - The results reflected that the number of Turkish goods in the markets of the city of Arbil comes first and relative importance (41.93%).
A number of proposals have been reached.
1- Activating economic policies to address imbalances in the productive structure، and work on expanding the production base، so that the production system is flexible، and can compete with foreign goods.
2- Diversify the import ports from the countries of the world، in order to face any sharp fluctuations in the quantity and quality of imported goods and for any reason.
3- Activating the commercial control committees at the level of the various administrative units، especially in the border crossings to follow up the quality and history of the validity of the goods.
4- Review the compulsory savings system، either cancel it، or reduce the percentage of deductions from the salaries of employees.

The application of the foreign currency sale window began on 4/10/2003, and the work is still going on, as the Central Bank of Iraq became a central market for foreign currency, and the use of managed floating method, and this window is to reduce the volatility of the value of the Iraqi dinar against the US dollar, at the same time a convergence between The real exchange rate and the nominal exchange rate, after there were multiple exchange rates before 2003, exceeding 13 different exchange rates of dinar. The Central Bank of Iraq was able to build reserves in foreign currency, exceeding the IMF's expectations of about 10 billion dollars, to ensure the financial stability. In this sense, the research focused on the window of sale of foreign currency, and its financial stability, whether for the banking sector or non-financial institutions, and the research reached a set of conclusions and recommendations

This study deals with the mechanisms of partnership between universities and business sectors, and their role in improving the investment climate. The study focused on identifying the most important obstacles that prevent fruitful partnerships between universities and business sectors to improve the performance of the partners of the partnership on the one hand, and contribute to enhancing the requirements of sustainable development, based on knowledge in Iraq, on the other hand. The study also included a brief overview of the reality of the investment climate in Iraq, and the possibilities of contributing to its improvement, by strengthening the partnership between universities and business sectors, and presenting the nature and forms of partnership, opportunities and challenges related to it. The main conclusion of this study is the need for communication between universities and business sectors, as a first step to coordinate and schedule appropriate meetings between parties wishing to cooperate in universities with senior managers in the business sectors to propose different ways of partnership. Based on the principle of profit sharing in the light of existing data, and seek to identify and propose specific strategies to develop the sustainability requirements of the partnership, which will positively affect the development of the quality of applied education in universities, and improve the competitiveness of business sectors, and enhance the requirements of development in the knowledge economy.

this research aims to identify the reality of strategic planning، and its impact on quality of service dimensions for non-profit organizations (Fallujah General Hospital). The sample consisted of (36) associates in the Falluja General Hospital of the total study population of 144 employees، who were randomly selected، and included all hospital departments.

The researchers used the descriptive approach، because its suitability، and the nature of the research، and used the questionnaire as a tool for collecting information.

The data were statistically treated using regression coefficient and simple correlation coefficient، showing a strong correlation and influence relationship between strategic planning and quality of service dimensions. In light of the research results، a number of recommendations were made.

There is no doubt that the management of banking requires a set of rules and principles for its Appliance. Therefore, international standards prepare the rules and principles of the banking work so that they are universally acceptable and the level of quality is approved, it the Awareness of these standards is found and acceptable level of quality if the banking awareness of these standards is found and used in the measurement and evaluation of quality management and work small latter raise its efficiency continuously.

The problem of public debt appears as one of the obstacles that limit the capability of Iraqi economy to sustain the service of this debt. The good management of debt is considered one of the successful tools to soften its severity، and make it capable of sustainability. This Study deals with the management of debt، both internal and external. It focused on the management of latter، which its importance appears after 2003، and which consisted 300% of GDP in 2005، according the reports of International Monetary Fund. The monetary and fiscal authorities held many negotiations with the creditors countries، and these negotiations leads agreement with the Paris club members، and the commercial creditors to decrease the size and costs of this debt، sine Iraq has not a sustainable resource، the clearer a vision of debt management is، the less likely it will be to reduce its burden، and the sustainability of future capacity to pay، because the size of public debt is the fraction of GDP.