Misan Journal of Academic Studies

The aim of this research is to explore the level of biology teachers' professional creativity and ethical practices from their own perspective. The research sample consisted of 127 teachers (67males and 60 females), accounting for 73.41% of the original population. These teachers were selected purposefully and taught biology to students in the fourth, fifth, and sixth grades of preparatory schools inthe Education Directorate of Maysan Governorate. The researcher employed a descriptive approach due to the nature of the study. To achieve the research objectives, two questionnaires were prepared. The first questionnaire focused on professional creativity, encompassing three domains: idea generation, problem-solving, and change. The second questionnaire focused on ethical practices in teaching and consisted of 31 items distributed across four domains: colleagues, students, school administration, and the community. The validity and reliability of both instruments were verified, and the statistical analysis package SPSS was used to extract the results, which revealed the following:
1-The level of biology teachers' practice in preparatory schools regarding professional creativity, as perceived by the teachers themselves, was moderate across all questionnaire domains. The domains were ranked in descending order of professional creativity as follows: problem-solving, idea generation, and change. The results indicated gender differences, favoring males. The research also revealed differences based on years of experience, favoring teachers with more than 11 years of service.
2-The level of biology teachers' practice in preparatory schools regarding ethical practices in teaching, as perceived by the teachers themselves, was moderate across all questionnaire domains. The domains were ranked in descending order of practice as follows: students, colleagues, school administration, and the community. The results indicated gender differences, favoring males. The research also revealed differences based on years of experience, favoring teachers with more than 11 years of service

This research sheds light on the content that many linguists made big efforts to limit it in language and terminology. It is about Uvelar Sounds , a phonological study . Here , we try to study these letters and to give them a precise description through knowing their place of articulation. Then we will be able to order their places in distal pharynx, jaws, tongue and lips. After that we can limit their phonetic qualities such as voiced , voiceless intensity, and softness. In this research we follow a clear phonological approach In the guidance of the words of the Arabs contained in the rich critical heritage. From here our concern was to know the four letters and their importance and show them according to their sound.

This research aims to study and analyze the current medical status in the center of Al-Shattrah district from geographical point of view for the year 2018 quantitatively qualitatively , as well as , the population of people In this study researchers discovered there was a salient deviation in spatial distribution for medical sectors comparing with ratio of population this resulted in or reflected in clear disability of presenting medical services This study has essential points the first is geographical distribution for medical institutions in the downtown in addition to private pharmacies which belong to the same doctors The second point focuses on the proficiency of these medical institutions and their services for this town within special standards

The research aims to clarify the predictive procedures necessary to predict the financial obligation for the accumulated leave allowance paid to employees after their referral to retirement, by relying on the local laws and legislation in question and in accordance with the requirements of the IAS19 standard, by displaying and categorizing the regular leave benefits provided to employees, as well as predicting the financial obligation for the benefits. The accumulated regular leave allowance is in accordance with the requirements of the international IAS19 standard, due to the absence of predictive procedures for this type of benefits provided to employees in Iraqi economic units, which may cause a delay in the payment of that obligation. The researchers relied on a basic hypothesis that says, “There is no possibility to predict the financial obligation for the allowance.” Regular leaves accumulated in local economic units in accordance with the requirements of the IAS19 standard.
The research sample was represented by a group of employees of the General Company for Baghdad Electricity Distribution/ Karkh Electricity Distribution Branch who are supposed to be referred to retirement during the next year if they will enter the legal age for referral to retirement (60) years.

The city of Hilla has suffered from the problem of unplanned settlements that spread among the residential neighborhoods because of several reasons. The phenomenon of unplanned settlements has grown. Later became one of the biggest problems that threatening the area of this study because of its negative effects on the city due to mass migrations and the huge problems that accompanied this migrations especially after 2003, including migration from the countryside to the city because of climatic conditions such as drought seasons and low rainfall and forced displacement due to sectarianism, chaos and insecurity in many provinces in Iraq when Babylon received about (11890) people in 2014 in addition to the control of some groups on State lands and the construction of informal dwellings on these lands due to the absence of law and the government pay no attention for these violations which affected the city's layout and its urban appearance. All these factors led to form a socio-economic fabric that does not fit the inhabitants of the city.

The objective of this research is to identify the trajectory of our scientists in how to diagnose narrators, distinguish confidences from them, adopt their own news, and know why the narrator diagnoses trust from others needs to be carefully tracked and studied in order to achieve the aim of documentation and weakness.
Accordingly, we have come up with a statement of the reasons for mistrust and modification, and then a statement of the points of difference between the scientists of imamia from fundamentalists and informants in the legality of the uncertainty and then exposure to the issue of contradiction between them.
We touched on the invalidity of the belief that there was no clear effect on men's research as well as men of mistrust and modification at imamia.

The research aims to use remote sensing data and geographic information systems software to model maps to estimate the volume of surface runoff according to the (CN - SCS) model for the Wadi Sabna basin, which is located in northern Iraq in the Dohuk Governorate, specifically in the Amadiyah District, with an area of (383.98 km2). This model is based on the covers and uses of the land, the hydrological groups of the soil, the prior soil moisture, and the rain. The covers and uses of the land were combined with the hydrological soils for the purpose of obtaining the curved numbers (CN), which numbered in the basin (7), values that ranged between (58) for the least silent areas and (94) for the most silent areas. The maps revealed that the values of the coefficient of maximum potential for water retention after the start of surface runoff in the basin ranged between (183.93 mm) for the areas most capable of retaining water and (16.21 mm) for the areas least able to retain water. As for the values of the initial extraction coefficient (Ia), they ranged Its value ranged between (36.79 mm) for the surfaces with the most water loss before the start of surface runoff and (3.24 mm) for the surfaces with the least water loss before the start of surface runoff. The maps also showed that the highest value for the depth of surface runoff (Q) was (37.76 mm), while the lowest value was (1.35 mm), and the annual surface runoff volume (QV) in the basin reached (992,953.80 m3).

The recalcitrance of spouses is considered issue infestation in all societies, because it is social disagreements usually occurs between couples as a result of certain circumstances experienced by couples some of it are related to them as their morals and behaviors. Some are related to external factors, such as work and its governing circumstances on them and with the intervention of other people as families and friends. Islamic law in the legislation of Imami and Hanafi doctrine, and other doctrines the reasons of recalcitrance were diagnosed and treated according to texts of the sharia of Islamic Which obliged the spouses to respect the rights between them, and developed solutions in the event of recalcitrance from them or one of them, according to the Imami , Hanafi doctrine and Iraqi law according to al sharia of Islamic. For his part, the legal articles dealing with the issue of recalcitrance between spouses in the Personal Status Act No. 188 of 1969 Year, as well as article 41 of the Penal Code, stipulated that the spouses must not exceed each other by beating and disability as a result of his recalcitrance and encroachment on the other.

This study seeks to reveal the hypothesis (absence/presence) of a fictional discourse An Arab with an ideological characteristic, in which the characteristic of responding in writing to the the tide of the colonist and it is evident to The colonialist, and the study sets its determinants, which are based on an interrogation of a group of bloggers The Arab novelist who dealt with her subjection to the domination of the other with mechanisms and techniques inspired by it. The other (colonial) is the same, as is the case in (sarcasm and ridicule, and the use of historical storytelling and the bilateral relationship between text and margin and others.

The Noble Qur’an has spoken at length about reform in general، and the word “reform” is mentioned in the Noble Qur’an in more than one hundred and eighty places. This word، despite its various derivations، is abundant material in which the Book of God، peace and blessings be upon him، abounds. It carries within it multiple colors and various features and methods، in reference to the importance of reform. Reform and its role in overcoming problems and addressing ways of corruption at the individual level or at the societal level، whether in terms of economics، politics، thought، culture، or education. God، may God bless him and grant him peace، has perfected His religion and completed His blessings upon the believers through what He revealed of the Noble Qur’an to the Seal of the Prophets and Messengers، Muhammad (peace be upon him). May God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family to bring people out of darkness into light، and guide them to the straight path of God. God Almighty said: ( There has come to you from Allâh a light and a plain Book (this Qur’ân). Wherewith Allâh guides all those who seek His Good Pleasure to ways of peace، and He brings them out of darkness by His Will unto light and guides them to the Straight Way (Islâmic Monotheism) ). ( ) Islam took over the leadership of humanity after the earth was corrupted and humanity tasted the calamities. There are a number of toxins that have crept into our thoughts and must be

Love, or ghazal, is one of the most significant poetic genres in Arabic poetry, evoking emotional feelings that touch the depths of the heart and captivating the reader's interest. Ghazal poets are committed to selecting appropriate and meaningful poetic images that reflect the passion and love in their souls and the souls of their audience. Their love experiences are conveyed through a diverse range of poetic images, including expressions of their sorrows and the pain of rejection or separation from their beloved, as well as the description of their happy days in the company of their loved ones. All of this is conveyed through a solidification of poetic images and ghazal poems, making them akin to a narrated story with relatable characters and events. The blending of narrative and poetry is a long-standing tradition, with the former being a big tent that covers most literary genres. The poet draws from the narrative to describe dialogue and story scenes, relying on a hierarchy in narrating events and portraying them. It's important not to burden the ghazal poem with what it cannot bear, or demand that it contains all known narrative and storytelling techniques. Instead, we should appreciate the poem's ability to benefit from and employ narrative techniques to serve its intended purpose, following the method adopted in its creation. The blending of poetry and narrative has a rich history, with Aristotle placing the epic within poetry and storytelling in Arabic poetry beginning with poets narrating their journeys and experiences while hunting for precious things and honey, as seen in the poems of Hatheel. As such, any cognitive vision that separates poetry and narrative requires a re-reading of its achievements and judgments

The study examines the impact of TNF-α and IL35 levels in saliva on rheumatoid arthritis. It compares responder and non-responder patients, including 30 who responded to treatment and 30 who did not. The study found that rheumatoid arthritis incidence is three times higher in females than males. The age difference between RA patients and healthy controls was significant. TNF-α and IL35 levels were found to be highly significant in two patient groups compared to the control group. The study suggests that salivary TNF-α and IL35 levels can be used to study methotrexate effectiveness and disease activity.

This paper seeks to demonstrate how Johnson's theory influences farewell expressions images. Analyzing farewell expression English daily conversation, thus. Referring to new reading to the image of farewell expression that could form in different kinds of image schema like COTAINER, FORCE, PATH and LINKED. The results showed image scheme in English farewell expressions from everyday talks. These Expressions used to send someone farewell are closely related to the nature of English talks and human behavior. These statements demonstrated the generosity of people. The researcher concluded various image schemes are used in these farewell expressions, such as CONTAINTOR, which stands for TIME container. The IN-OUT orienting period is essential to this framework. Image Path A parting statement usually includes an origin or a SOURCE, an objective or a destination. The FORCE schema has multiple elements,

Fluoride is commonly employed in toothpaste and mouthwashes in concentrations of up to 1%, whereas for the purpose of addressing enamel discolorations, concentrations of approximately 2% are utilized. The potential of dental hygiene products containing fluoride ions to degrade the oxide deposit generated on titanium surfaces raises concerns regarding the suitability of titanium for dental applications. When conducting a search on PubMed using the keywords "fluoride" and "titanium orthodontic wires," a total of approximately 105 results were obtained. The bulk of these studies primarily focus on investigating the impact of fluoride on various mechanical characteristics of orthodontic wires (like friction, surface roughness, load deflection). for that this review focus on effect of fluoride on friction and surface roughness of titanium-based wire and it found that fluoride significantly affect

Background: The maximum bite force (MBF) refers to the highest force exerted by an individual during the fragmentation of food, which is closely associated with the process of mastication. Many studies showed that malocclusions frequently exhibit an association with diminished maximal bite force. Furthermore, Occlusion may contribute to mental disorder such as anxiety, tension, Alzheimer's, and senile dementia. Aim: The current study aimed to assess the difference in maximum bite force between the sides of the jaw in cases of unilateral posterior crossbite. Methods: Sixty patients were chosen, and they were split into two groups: a group of teeth unilateral posterior crossbite and one tooth posterior crossbite group. The maximal bite force for each patient is recorded for each side and compared with the other side in the same group and between two groups. Results: the result shows a significant difference between sides in a group of teeth unilateral posterior crossbite (P=0.007) and a non-significant difference between sides in single tooth posterior crossbite (P=0.365). Between the groups, the crossbite side shows a significant difference (P=0.010) while the non-crossbite side shows a non-significant difference(P=0.160). Conclusion: There exist variations in bite force between cases involving numerous teeth in posterior crossbite as opposed to those involving a single tooth. There is no discernible variation observed among the groups with regard to the normal side, in contrast to the crossbite side.

This literature review emphasizes the impact of ethyl acetate organic solvent as surface treatment agent for 3-dimentional (3D) printed polymethyl methacrylate denture base and silicone soft liner on enhancing the strength of bonding of these materials. Over time, Denture soft liner materials have appeared as important components in prosthodontics, offering enhanced comfort, tissue adaptation for denture wearers and restore the inflamed and distorted mucosa. It is commonly agreed that the main drawback is debonding of the lining material from the 3D printed denture base. Therefore, there is a need for enhancing the strength of bonding of these materials.

Newly developed materials and manufacturing processes offer different treatment modalities, such new treatment options need investigation and comparison to achieve long lasting, hygienic and health preserving prosthesis. This study was aimed to compare the fitness of three different materials Casted Cobalt Chromium, Selective Laser Melting Cobalt Chromium and Milled Polyoxymethylene (POM) Acetal. SLS Co-Cr shows superior fitness qualities that Acetal and Casted Co-Cr respectively.

This literature review emphasizes the impact of UV light on the deterioration of silicone used in maxillofacial prosthetics. Over time, the physical and mechanical properties of silicone degrade due to photodegradation. To tackle this issue, the study explores the use of Bisoctrizole, a photostable filler that effectively absorbs a wide range of harmful UV rays. By incorporating Bisoctrizole as a UV stabilizer, the longevity of maxillofacial silicone material can be extended, enhancing its resistance to photo-degradation. The review underscores the importance of including UV stabilizers, specifically benzotriazole components like Bisoctrizole, in silicone materials used for maxillofacial prosthetics.

During orthodontic treatment, sliding mechanics are frequently used. This mechanic has some drawbacks, one of which is the friction that is formed at the bracket/archwire interference, which may reduce the amount of desirable orthodontic movement achieved. Friction is the resistance to motion that occurs when one object travels tangentially against another.Friction is classified into two types: static and kinetic. In order for one object to slide over another, the force provided must be greater than the frictional resistance created.Frictional resistance between archwire and brackets is caused by a variety of physical and biological reasons.

To enhance the properties of titanium and its alloys for implant applications, NbC thin films were deposited on commercially pure titanium and Ti-6Al-7Nb specimens using a low-temperature plasma glow discharge technique with argon gas and C2H2 as a carbon source. Vicker's hardness tests were conducted, revealing significantly increased hardness in the coated samples, a finding supported by statistical analysis. This increased surface hardness will potentially improve the wear resistance and load-bearing capabilities, which are essential factors for dental and orthopedic implants. The study aligns with previous research on NbC's properties, positioning it as a promising material for dental implants. Importantly, the study underscores the reliability of the coating technique for implant surface modification

The current study investigates the conceptual metaphorical expressions in news discourse (newspapers headlines) and how they are constructed to shed the light on the Iraqi affairs metaphorically. The researcher tries to find answers on how the metaphors represented the sociopolitical and economic issues, how they were addressed metaphorically in the Iraqi newspapers headlines, and what the common conceptual source domains that addressed these issues. The researcher adopted the Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) by Lakoff and Johnson (1980) to investigate and classify the dominant source domains in the Iraqi newspapers headlines. Data are the headlines that gathered from the Iraqi daily newspapers in Arabic and are translated to English literally. The researcher used the Metaphorical Identification Procedure (MIP) by Pragglejaz Group (2007) to identify the lexical units that are metaphorical to extract the contextual meanings of these units and how they function to be metaphorical. The results revealed that the journalists used different conceptual source domains in the Iraqi newspapers headlines; they are FIRE, HEAT, ANIMAL, FOOD, GAME, and BIRTH metaphors to convey different target domains that focused on the Iraqi sociopolitical and economic issues. The study concluded that the metaphors are used pervasively in the Iraqi newspapers headlines to shed the light on different cases in the Iraqi daily life talks and the common and dominant source domain is the concept of ANIMAL Metaphor.

To enhance the properties of titanium for implant applications,PCL/Chitosan/cinnamon watery extract composite were deposited on commercially pure titanium specimens using electro spinning technique . Water contact angle and surface roughness(Ra) tests were conducted, revealing significantly increased Wettability and(Ra) in the coated samples, a finding supported by statistical analysis. This increased surface roughness will potentially improve the Wettability properties of titanium which has demonstrated the significant impact of these surface characteristics on cellular responses to biomaterials

The 1,2 ,3-triazole moiety is an important biomolecule produce by the click reaction. Copper, ruthenium1 catalyzedazide/alkyne cycloáddition pathway, click reaction is resulted of five membered rings. In order to be utilized as anticáncer, antimicrobial, antituberculosis, antiviral, anti-diabetic, antimalarial, anti-leishmanial and neuroprötective agents and also in fluorescent technology, biological targets required a method bearing the linker feature of 111,2,33-triazles and a new type of 1,2,Ӡ-triazolely including crosses with its conjugates. This review summarizes progresses over the last few years in application of 1, 2, 3-triazole derivatives and its utilities as a biomolecule. Researchers in organic fields, medicinal chemistry, photochemistry, and pharmacology will advantage from this study. This review offers important knowledge which attentive to readers.

Titanium surface modifying for the implants by chemical and physical methods generally used with the aim of achieving better osseointegration. This study examines the effects of thermochemical treatments on titanium's nanoscale surface. The physical properties of the surface and topography of CPTi are influencing the outcomes of implant surgery. Method: Three implants surface prepared: first group untreated CpTi (control), second group surface modified by etching with H₂SO4 acid within 80Cº thermal application, and 3rd. group surface modified with HCL and 80Cº thermal application during acid etching. The surface characterized by SEM, AFM, and wettability test analysis of data was done by using statistical SPSS v 22 Result: higher roughness 25.1nm shown when etching performed by H2SO4 with 80C heating for 10min, while the surface roughness was 17nm when etched with HCL under same conditions. The wettability test revel increase in hydrophilicity when H2SO4 used for etching and the contact angle reduced to 56.55 degree. Conclusion: thermochemical etching is an effective surface modification technique that can enhance the properties of commercial pure titanium. The modified surface layer results in enhanced surface roughness, and improved wettability. These properties make the material suitable for various industrial and biomedical applications.

Textbooks are by no means ideological. This means that they present their dominant values and culture in the foreign-language education. In other words; textbooks can change thoughts of learners of the target language. The study is limited to the Iraqi ESL textbooks (English for Iraq) for sixth preparatory stage. This paper tries to examine the discourse of these textbooks critically. The aim of the current paper is to investigate the national identity of the publishing house in the Iraqi textbooks. In order to reveal the national identity embedded in them, the study draws on a corpus-based analysis. This study found the frequency of referring to nation identity of England more than other countries throughout the whole books. The study concluded that the English publishing house uses the national identity of England in the investigated data for ideological purposes.

This research draws critical attention to the translation of The Waiting List, a novel by Iraqi writer, poet, and novelist Daizy Al-Amir. It shows how Parmenter renders Al-Amir’s feminist voice into English preserving the poetic style, metaphorical language, and emotive language of her text. The title itself suggests the central theme of this novel – women’s alienation. It explores diverse ways in which the female characters experience alienation, be it from their families, communities, or even from themselves. This theme is particularly poignant given the historical and social context of Iraq, where women often face marginalization and oppression. Moreover, this study explores how much of the original work survives Parmenter’s translation concerning the notion of cultural loss in translation. Translating voices, such as Al-Amir’s, is important because it provide readers around the world with access to a culturally specific feminist perspective that may otherwise go unheard of due to language and geographical barriers. Feminist translation approaches seek to challenge patriarchal power dynamics, promote gender equality through language, and ensure accurate translations with consideration for cultural context. By acknowledging and addressing these issues, feminist translators create translations that not only convey meaning but also work towards a more equitable world.

To understand the impact of vaccination against the Coronavirus (Covid-19) on human immunity and systems. This study aimed to determine the concentration of Lysozyme and Lactoferrin in salivary content. The results of Lactoferrin levels in the control group was 12.81, While individuals who were vaccinated 2 doses (less than six months) ago had a lactoferrin rate of 9.65.The results of Lysozyme concentration in control group unvaccinated individuals exhibits a mean concentration of 304.03, compared with those who received one vaccine dose less than 6 months exhibited a higher mean concentration was 338.01, while those vaccinated with two doses less than 6 months was 292.74.

This study aims to explain the mechanism of formation of calcite and its to shed light on the synthetic carbonate crystallization on the surface of roots due to this mechanism is poorly understood and highly controversial. It is accepted that calcite formed originally from parent rocks and not in soils, The origin of calcite in calcareous soil, in Aldiwaniya city, Iraq was investigated, by selecting two soil samples, one from the contact zone with root surface and the other sample from bulk soil and out of the root system, X-ray diffraction showed that the calcite has two types, first one is well crystallized and ordered, with only minor deviations in lattice unit cell parameters relative to typical calcite. The clay-sized calcite (active calcite) is enriched in A and C-horizons relative to biogenic calcite and this mineral exist in larger size separates, and it's clearly appears in the shape of white crystals around eucalyptus root surfaces as shown in graphs. The results of X-ray showed that the appearance of smectite mineral which was diagnosed by the peak 14.21 A° in air dry magnesium-saturated treatment which expanded to 16.28 A° when saturated with ethylene glycol, where clarity of peak was increased, Also, the results showed that the appearance of peak 14.21 A° in magnesium saturation air dried, as a shoulder on the peak of the mica (10.14 A°). In general, calcite minerals have characteristic x-ray diffraction peaks at the following angles: 29.5, 31.7, 34.5, 35.7, 47.3, 56.4, and 63.4 degrees.

This study aimed at Measuring English language speaking proficiency of Iraqi EFL student- teachers according to the ACTFL guidelines. Besides, assessing this proficiency of Iraqi EFL Student- Teachers at the Colleges of basic Education According to The ACTFL guidelines. The research used a descriptive analytical method. The researcher designs a test that sought to collect data relevant to process the study.
The population of the study consists of the fourth-year students at the Departments of English, Colleges of Basic Education, for the academic year 2022-2023. These colleges are at University of Misan, University of Babylon, University of Diayla, Tikrit University, and university of Musol, the total number of the population is 1127. a sample of (63) student-teachers has been selected randomly from the English departments at the colleges of basic education at University of Babylon and University of Misan.
The findings of this study show that Iraqi EFL student-teachers do not develop their linguistic proficiency through self-development and there is a clear weakness in the Iraqi EFL student-teachers' linguistic proficiency.