Journal of Al-qadisiya in arts and educational sciences

The holy Quranic contexts are strict and marvelous, as its structures are carefully chosen in order to give an intended meaning. In those contexts, it appears a phenomenon of widening and renewability of meaning, as the Quranic text opens widely accommodating the entire existence. Meanings of Quranic utterances in the world of material might have a specific limit and special meanings, matching a certain material meaning. As to the use of same utterances in the world of abstractions, then the language of a Quranic text exceeds limited meanings, to be turned to absolute meanings to match that world created by the Great Creator, God, as He said: "Ah! woe to us! what a Book is this! It leaves out nothing small or great, but takes account thereof!"(Kahf/49). In the common book, there it could be written what it can accommodate, not including more than its content due to its limitation by a specific limit. As far as the Divine Book, it has tremendous and great capabilities, where it can accommodate everything. This meaning has come from renewability of Quran to the meaning of a book in its language through the use of exclusivity style via negating a departure verb and confirming a wide inclusion whatever the written segment size, tiny or large. The Quranic context impacts the meaning renewability and its meaning widening fitting its unlimited abstraction world.
This paper has come to disclose widening and renewable contextual meanings after being followed up Quranically, linguistically and in an interpreting way. It has brought about an aesthetic and paradigmatic dimension in a Quranic expression heading to knowing move resulting from those hints referred to in the language of Holy Quran

The researchers sought to identify the correlation between emotional engagement and proactive motivation among school principals through a set of objectives represented by identifying:
1- Emotional sharing among school principals.
2- The significance of the difference in emotional sharing according to the variables of gender (males, females) and school type (secondary, primary) among school principals
3- Proactive motivation among the total research sample
4- The significance of the difference in the proactive motivation scale according to the variables of gender (males, females) and school type (secondary, primary) among school principals.
5- Correlational relationship between emotional engagement and proactive motivation among school principals.
To achieve the objectives of the current research, the two researchers built a measure of emotional participation, which in its final form consisted of (30) items, and a measure of proactive motivation, which consisted of (32) items, and after verifying the validity, reliability and statistical analysis of the items on the research sample of (400) of male and female directors in The center of Al-Diwaniyah Governorate, and they were chosen by a multi-stage random method, and the research reached the following results.
1- The research sample (school principals) have emotional involvement.
2- There is no statistically significant difference for school principals according to the variables of gender and school type, with no statistically significant difference in the interaction of gender and school type.
3- The research sample (school principals) have proactive motivation.
4- There is no statistically significant difference for school principals in proactive motivation according to the variables of gender and school type, with no statistically significant difference in the interaction between gender and school type.
5- There is a positive direct correlation between emotional engagement and
proactive motivation among school principals, which amounted to (64,0).

The first objective of studying Orientalism was for the West to benefit from the sciences and literature of the East. Europe saw that it could not rise and get rid of the Arab rule that controlled a part of Europe except with the knowledge upon which the Muslims established their conquest and rule. Undoubtedly, the most affected are the Church and its men, who They realized that this Muslim advance was not only a military advance, but rather was a civilization that extended and extended its influence and spread its features in every spot it reached, changing the lives of peoples, their ideas, beliefs and way of life, at a time when Christian civilization was at the lowest level of backwardness, so it tried in all ways to stop This intellectual tide was influenced by it, but in vain, so she had to defend herself in another way.So she began to pay attention to the study of oriental languages, especially the Arabic language, so the first orientalists were priests and monks, who devoted themselves to studying the Arabic language. This conference is to establish a number of chairs for languages, including the Arabic language.

The two researchers sought to identify the correlation between organizational silence and work alienation of Employees of state departments through a set of objectives represented by identifying:
- The organizational silence among the employees of the state departments.
- The significance of the differences in organizational silence among the employees of state departments according to the variables of gender (males, females), and marital status(married and unmarried).
- work alienation among the employees of state departments.
- Significance of differences in work alienation among state employees, according to gender (males, females), and marital status(married, unmarried).
- Correlational relationship between organizational silence and work alienation among the employees of state departments.
To achieve the aims of the research, the two researchers built the organizational silence scale which in its final form consisted of (24) items, and built the scale of work alienation, which in its final form consisted of (25) items, and after verifying their validity and reliability and analyzing their items statistically on the research sample of (427) male and female employees of state departments in the city center of Al-Diwaniyah, and the research reached the following results.
-The employees are characterized by a high degree of organizational silence.
-There is no statistically significant difference among employees in organizational silence according to the variable of gender and social status, with a statistically significant difference in the interaction of gender and social status.
-The employees are characterized by a low degree of functional alienation.
-There is no statistically significant difference for employees in job alienation according to the gender variable, with a statistically significant difference according to the marital status variable in favor of the unmarried, as well as the impact of the interaction of the gender and social status variables on job alienation.
-There is a positive correlation between organizational silence and job alienation among department employees.

The research aims at introducing readers to the cultural heritage of Wadi Al-Rafidain, highlighting the importance of the Arabic language and the breadth of its concepts and terminology. The second axis continued the intellectual heritage of the language in Iraq, in Iraq the emergence of grammar schools in Kufa and Basra and each school has its own curriculum in addition to the diversity of linguistic dialects of the Iraqi tribes and after the advent of Islam was focused on the language harmful, and there are some Arabic words accused of being outsiders but science R proved it Arab, was discussing how to make use of the language to gain new vocabulary for the new vocabulary created by the technology age at that time, along with discussion of the vernacular language.
The third axis ensures the study of the historical intellectual heritage in Iraq. The most prominent result of this study is the proof that the Chaldeans are indigenous Iraqis, despite the different narratives in their origins. The history of Samarra, which emerged in the Islamic era, Search the history of the Muftaq Brigade and its most prominent areas, and how to help the Ottoman Empire of the tribes of Muftaq and specifically Saadoun in control of that region.

The current research aims to:
1-statistical significance of the correlation relationship between:
A-occupational self-competence and strategic thinking of middle school teachers
B-occupational self-competence and occupational maturity of teachers of the preparatory stage
2-statistical significance of the differences in the correlation between occupational self-efficacy and strategic thinking among teachers of the preparatory stage according to a variable:
A-gender (Male-Female)
B-years of service (less than five years– more than five years)
3-statistical significance of the differences in the correlation between occupational self-efficacy and occupational maturity of teachers of the preparatory stage according to a variable:
A-gender (Male-Female)
B-years of service (less than five years– more than five years)
4-the predictive value of occupational self-efficacy in strategic thinking and occupational maturity of middle school teachers
To achieve the research objectives, the researcher selected a random sample using the Thomson equation to extract a sample of (332) middle school teachers for academic year (2022/2023) distributed in a random proportional manner according to the Cochrane equation and applied the three research tools using the appropriate statistical tools, including confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient and extracted the honesty and consistency of the research tools and reached the following results : There is a statistically significant correlation between occupational self-efficacy, strategic thinking, occupational self-efficacy and occupational maturity. There are statistically significant differences in the correlation between occupational self-efficacy and strategic thinking according to gender variables and years of service. there are no statistically significant differences in the correlation between occupational self-efficacy and occupational maturity according to gender variable. there are statistically significant differences in the correlation between occupational self-efficacy and occupational maturity according to variable years of service. in light of these results, the researcher developed a set of recommendations and proposals.

I attempted to dispel ambiguity and ambiguity in many misconceptions about politics and religion, as well as the reality of their relationship, as explained by political evidence and evidence from the life of the Prophet, peace be upon him, and his approach and behavior in organizing the relationship between ruler and ruled on the basis of justice and equality, preserving rights and freedoms, and respecting the will of the nation, in this study. The chapter dealt with the importance of the state in Islam and how the first Islamic state arose, in which all the pillars and elements of the state were complete. which can be considered a reference for the establishment of the state after the Prophet's era. In the demands of the chapter, I showed the administrative level practiced by the Messenger, peace be upon him.

The concept of Hemispheric Dominance indicates that each individual has his own unique style in dealing with the information he is exposed to. The researches in this field have confirmed that each hemisphere of the brain has its own functions through which the individual can deal with different life situations, as the left hemisphere of the brain controls verbal skills and logical and rational analysis, while the right hemisphere of the brain controls the perception of visual and spatial skills, and emotions. And the intuitive holistic analysis, which depends on the structure of educational situations instead of analyzing them into their components, as is the case in the left.
The studies that dealt with the concept of Hemispheric Dominance have greatly contributed to the process of understanding and developing theories about many neurological and psychological phenomena in natural and pathological cases, and knowledge refers to the psychological processes through which the sensory input is transformed, developed, shortened, and stored until it is called in life situations with appropriate excitations, and psychological processes in perception, thinking, imagination, transformation and storage.
The changes and transformations imposed by the brilliant scientific achievements in various fields of cognitive, as to the extent that these transformations and changes have positive effects on the march of humanity, they have disadvantages and huge challenges that affected the whole world.
The human brain, despite the many studies that have taken place around it, remains a confusing secret for scientists, and its secrets are not easily discovered because it is linked to various human fields and their multiple problems. That is, the role of the left hemisphere of the brain is in control of the functions of the right side of the body. Conversely, although each half performs its own set of functions that distinguish it from the other.
The need for cognitive is one of the important human needs of individuals, as it pushes them to obtain more information on a permanent and continuous basis in pursuit of acquiring and increasing information. Although there are specialized functions for each side of the brain, the highest levels of intellectual performance appear when the two parts of the brain cooperate together. Left-brain instructional exercises (most learning goals and experiences that students plan for) are deepened when the right brain includes learning experiences, and when we try to understand the need for cognitive well, we must look at its relationship with the variable of fear of knowledge and the need for security and a sense of reassurance, as all factors, whether psychological and social, can increase our fears, which contributed to cutting our motivation to cognitive.
In order to determine the research procedures, the researchers chose a sample of (285) male and female students at the University of Al-Qadisiyah for the two specializations (scientific and human). Brain control among university students according to the variables of gender (males - females) and specialization (males and females) and the interaction between them.
We are looking to identify the difference in the hypothetical and arithmetic mean of university students in the variable need for cognitive and we are also looking to identify the difference in the variable need for cognitive among university students according to the variables of gender (males - females) and specialization (males and females) and the interaction between them. We are looking to identify the correlational relationship between the research variables, the preferences of Hemispheric Dominance and the need for cognitive among university students. The researchers also adopted a tool to measure brain control represented by the (Diane, 2005) scale was translated into Arabic by (Al-Qaddumi 2010) and another to measure the need for cognitive (Cacioppo & Petty , 1982) and it was translated into Arabic by Jaradat and Al-Ali (2010), and the validity was verified the two tools by extracting some suitable psychometric properties.
The researchers reached a number of results, including that the dominant hemispheric dominance pattern among university students is the integrative brain control pattern, and there are no differences among university students in the variables of hemispheric dominance according to the variables of gender (males - females) and specialization (males and females) with an interaction with Statistical significance between them, and there is a difference between the hypothetical mean and the arithmetic average in the variable need for knowledge among university students, and there are no differences among university students in the variables of the need for cognitive according to the variables of gender (males - females) and specialization (males and females), and there is no interaction between them, and the presence of An inverse correlation with a statistical significance between the two variables of the research with a correlation degree (-0.302), and in light of the results reached, the research presented a set of recommendations and suggestions

The poet Abu al-Fath al-Basti is considered one of the most prominent poets who had a great impact on Arabic poetry in the Abbasid and modern eras. Critics and writers have testified to the quality of the poet and the special method he uses in writing poetry and prose. This confirms the poet’s wisdom, his knowledge of literature and language, and his consideration of rhetorical and grammatical purposes. The conditional style, with its two types (jussive and non-jussive), is one of the important grammatical styles in Arabic and literary research, and its connotations vary according to the type of conditional sentence and the location of the verb in the sentence. The poet Al-Basti used this type of style in his poetry clearly and explicitly through the use of conditional words that appeared in The poet's poetry, literary style, and poems for various rhetorical purposes. This research aims to investigate the subjunctive style in the poetry of Abu al-Fath al-Basti, study it using the grammatical and rhetorical system, and shed the light of rhetoric on the product of that meaning. The study started from the main question (what is the product of Abu al-Fath al-Basti regarding the rhetorical images that include the grammatical condition), and the research concluded that the conditional style (assertive and non-assertive) appeared in al-Basti’s poetry clearly and explicitly through his use of conditional tools in a literary style and for various rhetorical purposes

The present study aims at dealing with and clarifying an important cultural phenomenon in a literary work which is called Feminism. At a time when patriarchy was so dominant and even with the king in place, few writers dared to address issues of gender and discrimination. However, Emily Bronte was a Victorian-era author who selected to directly address these issues of gender and discrimination. Wuthering Heights novel that is written by Bronte was evocative and powerful and as it presented in the current study, several females were probable to do and follow rules and obey, whereas male were regularly permitted to do whatever males wanted. However, to provide financial resources and right to domestic services within the family, men did not lose the legal obligation. The writer represents her thoughts on gender issues during this time through Wuthering Heights novel. This work includes feminism focusing on particular novel which called Wuthering Heights. It also highlights some important concepts such as prejudice, discrimination, stereotype, gender stereotype, first generation, second generation and them of Wuthering Heights as well as to conclusion.

The research aims to identify the effectiveness of the 5W1H strategy in the achievement of fifth-grade bioscience students in biology, where the research sample included two groups, one of which was the control group and the number of its students was (32) students, and the other represented the experimental group and the number of its students was (30) students, and by drawing method Randomly, the researchers chose (Al-Zaytoun high school for boys) from the research community represented by the middle and secondary schools affiliated to the Directorate of Education in Al-Diwaniyah, Al-Qadisiyah Governorate.
Where the two researchers found the interior design to adjust the design variables, the researcher begins to search for the first research groups, the previous information test, the previous information test in biology, and previous academic achievement in biology). After the interviews between the two research groups, the researchers prepared the requirements of the application, including plans, objectives and tests for the two research groups, and after completing the application of the experiment. The researchers applied their research tool to the two research groups, where the researchers obtained data for the two
research groups, and these data were processed statistically by means of
a t-test for two independent samples. The results showed that the
students of the experimental group outperformed the students of the control group according to the 5W1H strategy in academic achievement.

Many civilizations arose in Mesopotamia, including the Sumerian civilization, the Akkadian civilization, the Babylonian civilization, the Assyrian civilization, and other civilizations. One of the most important features of these civilizations was creativity and excellence in the field of construction and urbanization in various fields. Its forms and types, such as building palaces, temples, storehouses, walls, and fortresses, until the situation reached the point of building entire cities that provided all the requirements for administration, housing, worship, and celebrations. Among the most famous cities built and built by the people of Mesopotamia are the cities of “ Uruk,” “Ur,” "Lagash" "Nefer." "Kish" "Babylon" "Assyria" "Nineveh" and "Kalah" many other cities scattered along the map of Mesopotamia. But those cities were exposed from the moment they were established and built to destruction, devastation and burning due to the conflict over interests and desire. Some of the kings of ancient Iraq were unruly in controlling and extending their influence at the expense of neighboring cities and regions inside or outside Mesopotamia. Therefore, the cities of Mesopotamia suffered from a state of continuous destruction, devastation, and burning throughout their history. But their residents were cooperating and working to rebuild them again. This research included six axes that dealt with the study of the destruction and burning of cities in Mesopotamia since the era of the Sumerian city-states (2800- 2370 BC) until the end of the New Babylonian Empire (612-539 BC)

The current research aims to (develop a strobe test for visual selective attention among university students according to the theory of responding to the paragraph). An expert in the English language to ensure the veracity of the translation. All items of the test were considered logically valid to measure what they were designed to measure. The test was applied in its initial form to a sample of (100) male and female students, called (a sample of clarity of instructions and paragraphs), of university students who were chosen in a stratified random way, noting that the time taken to answer all test items is (46.6) minutes on the test as applied. The researcher tested the statistical analysis sample of (378) male and female students from the university (primary studies), who were chosen by the stratified random method.The researcher relied on the Rasch model of logarithmic probability as one of the paradigm response theory models as a model for analyzing the components of the test and to verify the assumptions of the model, the researcher followed the following:
The researcher relied on the Rasch model of logarithmic probability as one of the paradigm response theory models as a model for analyzing the components of the test and to verify the assumptions of the model, the researcher followed the following:
One-dimensionality, the conformity of the paragraphs to the model, the independence of the measurement in order to achieve the objectivity of the measurement, verifying the functional validity of the test, and the cut-off score for the test was calculated, which amounted to (21) degrees.

The research aims to study the opinion of Al-Akhfash Al-Awsat on the issue of increasing who is in the affirmative, which Al-Baqouli mentioned in his book (Uncovering Problems and Clarifying Dilemmas), analyzing and comparing it with the opinions of grammarians who preceded him or followed him. After the Basrians stipulated that it be increased in the denial, this issue represented a controversial issue between the two schools, and for this reason this research came to study this issue and the sayings of scholars about it, and to study what Al-Baqouli transmitted in his book on the middle Al-Akhfash

The research aims at shedding light on the documents of the lraqi royal court concerned with the history of Syria. lt also aims at showing what these documents dealt with in terms of accurate information and what was reported of important news, and to analyze them accurately for what they contain of important facts, as well as to clarify the mutual relations between two brotherly countries. These documents are considered one of the most accurate and reliable sources because they were issued by specialized official authorities and have a great importance to researchers and those interested in documentary studies because it is a center for political decision making and reveals very important information. The study presented the most important results that we reached in various issues.

Agriculture is one of the most important economic activities and the most dependent and affected by climatic conditions. Climate elements are among the most influential factors in determining the types of crops. They also share with other environmental factors in determining the level of their annual productivity. Climate elements vary in the extent of their impact on the agricultural crop and also their impact varies according to the stages of crop growth and maturity. This study aims to analyze the impact of climatic elements on the productivity of the wheat crop in the district of Al-Shamiya and to find out the appropriateness of the climatic potentials available in the study area with the requirements of the wheat crop in it in order to expand its cultivation, and whose requirements are commensurate with the climatic potentials of the study area. The research showed that the relationship between wheat productivity and actual solar radiation is a direct relationship with an average level of wheat. As for its relationship with minimum temperatures, it was an inverse relationship with an average level of wheat. As for its relationship with maximum temperatures, it is a positive relationship at a very weak level, and the inverse relationship between average temperatures and wheat productivity was at a very weak level, but its relationship with wind speed was positive at a very weak level for wheat. As for its relationship with the amount of rain, it is an inverse relationship with a very weak level. As for the relationship of the productivity of the wheat crop with the element of relative humidity, it was a very weak inverse relationship.

The elegy of Abi Hayyan Al-Andalusi for his daughter Nidar is considered one of the most famous writings in the section of lamentation. On these poems, the semantic compatibility is noted between its sounds of vowels and vowels on the one hand, and the meanings that they indicated on the other hand, which came in agreement with the purpose of lamentation. With the poet's purpose and connotations.