Iraqi Journal For Economic Sciences

Based on "the role of the Central Bank of Iraq in dealing with the new reality of the country, and in accordance with" its law and its responsibility for the economic stimulus, and the reduction of unemployment, particularly in light of the drop in oil prices, the recession experienced by the country and the low bank credit levels to the private sector to the total credit ( 90.6%) in 2010 (68.9%) in 2014, the Central Bank of Iraq launched a national finance fund to finance small and medium enterprises.
The research aims to identify the extent of the reflection of the low levels of credit to the private sector on finance the small and medium enterprises, and the statement of the economic implications of the launch of the National Finance Fund, and knowledge of the role of the bank guarantees company to the success of this project.
The research found several conclusions, including that the project of National Finance Fund is a positive step towards encouraging entrepreneurs to self-employment to serve the stage through which the country's economic transformation towards the market by activating the investment, which does not need high capital-intensive, and provides operational opportunities for the produced class in Iraq. As the central bank's decision to establish the fund is a step in the way of granting a more effectively mission to the private banking sector to take its role in stimulating economic activity, during its process of implementation of the project.

Poverty is complex and multidimensional problem Poverty is a complex and multidimensional problem in Iraq. In spite of the multiple policies and programs that have been put in place for development and poverty eradication, what has been achieved is not up to the required level, due to the inadequacy of these plans and strategies that have been applied without examining the type and causes of poverty at the level of each governorate or region. This problem has been exacerbated by global changes, and its tendency to open up to the outside world, without having the means to preserve its economy. Physical poverty is no longer the only measure of poverty. A new poverty scale has been developed, through the Oxford Initiative for Human Development and Poverty. It includes five key dimensions to meet the priorities of post-2003 development plans: education, standard of living, basic services, food and health, employment. Each dimension has evidences and weights. The evidence shows that the causes of poverty in Iraq vary from one governorate to another, and that material poverty (income poverty) accounts for only 17% of the causes of poverty in Iraq. This means that it is possible to reduce poverty rates by focusing on indicators of intangible poverty, implementing economic and social programs, reviewing the priorities of government spending, and focusing on investing in basic public services and improving their type.
The research has been divided into three sections. The first section deals with the theoretical framework of poverty problem. The second one dealt with the reality of poverty in Iraq after 2003 and its types. The third one dealt with the proposed ways of dealing with poverty in Iraq. The third topic dealt with the theoretical framework of the concept of poverty. The study reached a set of conclusions and recommendation that contribute to the diagnosis of the problem and provide appropriate solutions.

The search deals with the subject of international trade in barter, through international experiments, which exercised this type of trade, and those experiments has been scoring for their countries a lot of commercial gains. According that, we see for the benefit of Iraq, we should take this trade choice (barter), under the financial deficit in the federal budget, after the low price of the barrel of crude oil in international markets. The research takes a group of old and modern ways for trade in barter, and we have been taking the subject in two topics with a lot of conclusions and recommendations

The Iraqi economy enable to achieve high growth rates after the political change in 2003 but the rise in those rates did not positively reflected on the economic performance in general, as a result of synchronization of those rates with the increase in oil revenues, and did not come as a result of improvement in the performance macroeconomic variables, as it has not seen an improvement in the performance of economic and social variables that reflect the quality of economic growth.
This research relying on a quality of growth index which proposed by the international Monetary Fund experts which include economic dimension which include growth strength and inflation, the structure of the demand and the sectoral composition as economic variables, and social dimension of health, education.
The research found one numeric value which reflected the weak quality of economic growth level in Iraq because of the weak performance of most economic and social indicators, this value is consistent with the site that filled Iraq's most international indicators for assessing the developmental quality of performance, which often comes in. Iraq ranks last with economies, which characterized by weak performance.

The monetary Authorities can achieve its their final goals and targets , through two channels . the first is the interest rate channel , which is known also as the conventional channel . the second one is the credit channel . This research is devoted to deal with the latter .
This study is to shed light upon the nexus between the monetary policy and the banking sector in Iraq for the period 2004-2014 . It importance stems from addressing the credit channel, in details, and from stating the impact of the banking sector’s characteristics on the efficiency of credit channel .
The Hypothesis of the research is as follows : " The characteristics of Iraqi banking sector during the period 2004-2014 , set the stage for the credit channel to work efficiently .
The study lies into three chapters . the first one is devoted to give a theoretical framework of the credit channel and the factors that the researcher considers as determinants of the credit channel efficiency .
The second chapter displays the characteristics of the Iraqi banking sector for the period 2004-2014 , while the third one represents an attempt to measure the efficiency of credit channel in Iraq for the period mentioned above , by using the weights or the range Approach.