Thi-Qar University Journal for Agricultural Researches

Cardiotoxicity is defined as drug-induced damage to the heart muscle, which can result in cardiac failure or cardiac arrest.
Cardiotoxicity is a common side effect of traditional anticancer drugs such as doxorubicin, taxanes, 5-fluorouracil, and
cyclophosphamide, as well as newer agents such as biological antibodies such as Nivo. Cardiotoxicity is also caused by the
long-term use of neurologic/psychiatric medications. This study was designed to determine the effect of eruca sativa mill
(Gergeer) leaves extract on cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin in rabbits. The fifty-four rabbits used in this study were
obtained from a local rabbit breeder. Animals ranged between 1-1.3 years old, and their weight was approximately 1-2kg
without specifying gender experiment Acute toxicity study, The pilot study to determine the LD50 dose of Eruca sativa mill
(gergeer) by "up and down" method after acute exposure in rabbits, The effective dose of Eruca sativa mill (gergeer) was
determined by using a simple line equation. The effective dose of Eruca sativa. troponin I determine the level of proteins in
the blood increase in heart attack,.The Troponin-I level of the control positive group revealed a significant increase as compared
with G3, G4, G5, and the control negative group.The cTn-I level of the G3 significant increase is compared with treated G4,G5
group and control negative group with a significant decrease is compared with G1, G2 group and control positive group ; while
treated G4 ,G5 group significant decrease is compared with treated G1,G2,G3 group and control positive, Log number doseresponse curve and maximum effective dose the simple line equation revealed that the effective Eruca sativa dose of Troponin
I level was (3.01 , 2.99 ,1.97 ,1.015, 1.030) (ng/ml) respectively, whereas the effective Eruca sativa dose of Troponin I was
316 mg/kg. conclusion , The effective dose-response results asymptotic to 10 % of LD50, induced cardiac toxicity with DOX
appear biochemically, cardiographycally and histopathologically, The Eruca sativa mill (gergeer) extract was effective
protective for induced cardiac toxicity

The present study was carried out to evaluate the kidney abnormality changes, and nephrotoxicity after using the cisplatine
and investigate the protective effect of capparis spinosa fruit extract against these effects and evaluate the kidney function test
urea, cratenine, total protein tests and histopathological changes of kidney . Twenty one (21) male rats were randomly divided
into three groups (7 rats/ each). First group was received distilled water orally for 10 days and served as control group. Second
group was received cisplatin only (10 mg/kg, i.p.) as a single dose at day 8 and served as a cisplatin treated group. Third group,
was received capparis spinosa fruit extract (100 mg/kg B.W) for 10 days and 10 mg/kg cisplatin as a single dose at day 8 . The
results showed that the animals that treated with cisplatine alone were severed from histopathological changes and significantly
increasing in the level of (Urea, Cr and Total protein ). While the third group (that treated with hydroalcoholic extract of
capparis spiosa fruit ethanol 70% ) showed decreasing in the histopathplogical changes in kidney , also significantly decrease
in the level of (Urea, Cr and Total protein ). In this study csplatine induced histopathplogical changes, alteration and increasing
in the level of (Urea, Cr and Total protein ), while the ( hydroalcoholic extract of capparis spiosa fruit ethanol 70% ) was have
ability to maintain kidney function test .

The current study included the cytotoxicity test of the active compounds isolated from the peels of the fruits of the eggplant
plant, which is found in the local markets of Dhi Qar governorate and used for food and grown within the governorate
and not imported during the period (July, August, September, October, November, December. January), the trend of
human red blood cells for the purpose of determining the possibility of using them as drug alternatives in the future.
The peels of the eggplant plant were extracted with hexane once, then the alkaloid extract was prepared from it again.
The alkaloid compounds were detected using the Drankcroff reagent and Mayer's reagent. The positive result of the
detection gave an indication of the presence of alkaloid substances that are antioxidants and have a high nutritional value.
The concentrations of plant extracts represented by hexane eggplant extract and its alkaloid extract at concentrations
(75,50,25,10,5,100) mg/ml were prepared using DMSO solution as a solvent, and a negative control factor containing
physiological salt and blood, and a positive control factor (tap water) were prepared. ), and a third control factor consisted
of blood solution with DMSO solvent, and the solution was monitored for (3-24) hours to observe the dissolution of blood
cells.
The cytotoxicity results of plant extracts of Solanum melongena L. showed that the concentrations (75,50,25,10,5,100)
mg/ml did not cause any hemolytic and therefore do not cause any cytotoxicity towards red blood cells, and the bottom
layer appeared in red color Which represents human blood, and the upper layer represents the extract as well as the
physiological solution. If these compounds were toxic, the decomposition of red blood cells would result. Room
temperature is 30°C and inside the incubator is 27°C. Incubator made by Dander, Germany and the concentration of the
substance.

The experiment was carried out in the greenhouses of the research journal of the College of Agriculture and the Marshes -
Dhi Qar University in the Mohiyah area in the city of Nasiriyah during the growth season 2022-2021. The experiment
began on 1111 2021 and is dated 110 2 2022. Replicators and two years old. The first factor is the cauliflower cross here,
CEZAR and ANAHAR, and the next factor is the Egyptian KFULV GROWT auger taco (11000 1500 1850) km. An
experimental unit, and at the end of the experiment, the results of vegetative growth were recorded, and after analyzing the
results statistically, the results showed the superiority of the hybrid CEZAR over the hybrid ANAHAR in the Egyptian
clash, chlorophyll, phosphorous, potassium, magnesium, and boron. Vitamin C (the rates reached 79.17, 255% and 0.28
00 2.06 49000 001, 1663.79 and 16.74 share 100 upper Uran km from the opening difference concentration 150 are the
Arab unit of organic position in the same studied traits, as the results of the statistical analysis showed the presence

The study was conducted to determine the effect of adding omega-3 fatty acid to the quail's diet on some productive and
egg quality traits. This experiment was conducted in the poultry field, Department of Animal Production, College of
Agriculture and Marshes, University of Thi Qar, from 10/202021 to 02/14/2022. A total of 300 quail birds, 45 days age,
were used, which was fed on three diet type, the first diet (control ration) without adding oil, the second ration was added
to it with sunflower oil (0.01%), the third diet was added to omega-3 oil at a rate of (0.01%). The results showed that there
were significant differences on the rate of egg production, egg weight and mass, feed conversion factor for egg production,
egg shape index, yolk index, shell weight, yolk color and shell thickness for the treatment to which omega-3 oil was added
in comparison with the rest of the treatments.

The study was conducted in the field of animal production of the Agricultural Research Station / College of Agriculture and
the Marshes / Dhi Qar University for the period from 10/11/2021 to 25/ 2/ 2022. Laboratory tests of the samples were carried
out in the Molecular Genetics Laboratory of the College of Dentistry / Dhi Qar University, for the purpose of knowing the gene
expression of the SLC2A2 gene encoding the glucose transporter GLUT2 and the abundance of its mRNA transcripts in
different regions of the small intestine of broilers when fed at different levels of energy and to study the relationship of that
abundance to some productive traits.
In this study, 135 non-naturalized of meat broiler (breed 308 Ross) were used. The broiler were randomly distributed to three
experimental treatments, with three replicates for each group (15 chicks/repeat), used the adlibitum free feeding system for the
duration of the experiment, which lasted (35) days. The study included three levels of energy, where the first treatment was a
control diet, which represented 3065 and 3133 kilocalories/kg for the primer and final diet, respectively, as for the second
treatment, it contained a high level of energy 3200 kilocalories/kg and 3297 kilocalories/kg for the primer and final diets,
respectively, the third treatment contained a low level of energy 2769 kilocalories/kg and 2802 kilocalories/kg for primer and
growth diets, respectively.

This experiment was conducted in the poultry field of the research station at the College of Agriculture and the Marshes of
Thi-Qar University, from 1/11/2021 to 1/4/2022, to determine the effect of replacement different levels of grass pea seeds
instead of soybean meal in the diet, and their effect on the growth parameters of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix). A total
of 216 Japanese quail birds of 45 days old were used, distributed randomly to four experimental treatments and three
replicates (18 birds/replicate). The treatments were as follows: T1: control transaction; T2: The birds were fed a diet
containing 20% soybean meal with 10% local grass pea seeds; T3: The birds were fed a diet containing 10% soybean with
20% local grass pea seeds; T4: The birds were fed a diet containing 30% local grass pea seeds. The results of the study
indicated that the addition of 20% grass pea seeds powder led to a significant improvement on the qualitative traits of
Japanese quail eggs (yolk and albumin height, relative weight of yolk, albumin and shell, shell thickness, yolk and albumin
index and Hough unit), compared to the level of addition of 30% of crushed safflower seeds.

The current study dealt with the study of physical and chemical characteristics to assess the environmental condition
of the Euphrates River for the period from the 5th of September 2021 to the 5th of February 2022. The length of the
Euphrates River is 2780 km from its branching point, the height of its source is 4500 m and the amount of water
flowing in it is 818 square meters per second. Its source from (Turkey, Syria, Iraq), Gazi(2004). It pours into the
Arabian Gulf, passing through lereves districts and sub-districts belonging to the Dhi Qar Governorate, and the
Euphrates River is surrounded by vast agricultural lands planted with field crops and palms. Three stations were
selected for the study. The first station is located 167 km north of the Fadhliah district in the water supply site for the
region, the second station is located eight kilometers from the first station after crossing the river to the Fadhliah
district. The third station is located 13 kilometers from the second station. The abiotic environmental characteristics
such as air and water temperature, light transmittance, salinity, dissolved oxygen, carbon dioxide, pH, alkalinity, total
hardness, and biological oxygen requirement were measured regularly for a period of six months. The water
temperature ranged ( mvrf20-12.5) in the first and third stations, respectively. The light transmittance ranged between
(23-32) cm. The lowest values of salinity (1.5 parts per thousand) were recorded during November in the first station.
The highest was (5.72) parts per thousand in the third station in January. The values of dissolved oxygen showed a
decrease in the hot months (September and October), and the lowest values were (7.4) fetsl/ev during November in
the second station. The pH ranged between (7.9-8.5), ena the highest concentrations of the hardness of re/ev were
recorded in January (450 mg/L).

This experiment was conducted at the poultry field, Agricultural Research and Experiments Station, College of Agriculture
and the Marshes, Thi Qar University, from 11/1/2021 to 12/12/2021, to determine the effect of diluting the feed with date
kernels treated in different ways on some productive traits of broilers. A total of 270, one day, 40 gm chicks of Rose-308
were used. Chicks were randomly distributed to the five experimental treatments with three replicates (18 birds for each
replicate), the diets were provided from the beginning of the second week until the end of the sixth week. The treatments
were as follows: T1: Standard control diet (without dilution); T2: control diet diluted by 20% regular date seed pods for 7-
42 days; T3: basal diet diluted with 20% date kernels, cooked for 7-42 days; T4: basal diet diluted with 20% vinegar-treated
seed for 7-42 days; T5: basal diet diluted by 20% seed germinated for 7-42 days. The results indicated a significant increase
on the cellular blood characteristics (Red Blood Cell Count, White Blood Cell Count, Hemoglobin concentration and the
Packed Cell volume) in all dilution treatments with date kernel powder, whether treated or untreated. A significant increase
on the concentration of albumin, globulin and total protein with a significant decrease in the concentration of glucose,
cholesterol and triglycerides in the dilution treatments with date kernel powder compared to the control treatment.

This study was conducted in the poultry field, Animal Production Department, College of Agriculture and Marshes,
University of Thi-Qar, from 10/11/2021 to 3/2/2022, the period included field and laboratory stud. A total of 100, one day
broilers Ross 308 were used. Laboratory analyzes were carried out in the laboratories of the Marshes Research Center,
University of Thi-Qar and the laboratories of the College of Agriculture and Marshes, University of Thi-Qar. Three
genotypes CC, CT and TT were identified whose frequency was 0.52, 0.34 and 0.14 respectively and the frequency of the
C allele was 0.69 and the frequency of the T allele was 0.31. There were significant differences on Water Holding Capacity
(WHC) among the genotypes, the CC genotype was superior to the CT and TT genotypes. As for the thawing and cooking
loss, there were no significant differences between the genotypes. A significant differences on pH values among the
genotypes, the CC genotype was superior to the CT and TT genotypes. Significant differences in flavor between genotypes,
the CC genotype was superior to the CT genotype, and the CT genotype was superior to the TT genotype. Highly significant
differences in tenderness, the CC genotype was superior to the TT genotype, while the CT genotype did not differ
significantly from the CC and TT genotypes. Highly significant differences between the genotypes in juiciness, the CC
genotype was superior to the CT and TT genotypes. No significant differences in color and general acceptable.

The study was conducted at the Taj Al-Nahrain cattle station in Al-Diwaniyah Governorate, which is 200 km
from the center of Dhi Qar Governorate. For the period from 10/15/2021 to 10/3/2022, 49 Holstein cows
imported from Germany were used in this experiment, all in the third production cycle. And the laboratory part
of the study was conducted in the laboratory of the Marsh Research Center \ Dhi Qar University for the purpose
of separating the genetic material from cow blood samples and conducting genetic analysis on it and extracting
the possible genotypes HSPA6 heat shock protein gene. The animals in the station were fed according to the
season and the year in terms of the availability of fodder and the percentage of costs involved in raising the
cows, as well as on the general state of the productivity of the cows, but in general they are provided with green
fodder, which includes jet, barley, corn stalks and a percentage of each of the dry fodder (hay and hay). ) and
concentrate (barley, bran and cake) according to what is available from them, as well as limestone and table salt.
Data on milk production were collected from the station records, where the milk production was recorded
weekly for the morning and evening fenugreek by the station, and the milk components were analyzed in the
Abu Dairy Company Gharib / Research and Development Division by Milk Analyzer. 3 ml of blood was
collected from the udder vein of each cow by 5 ml medical syringes, suitable for the size of the animal’s vein,
and placed in collection tubes containing an anticoagulant substance (K2 EDTA) and transported in a cooler box
for safekeeping Freezing at -18°C until extraction time.

This experiment was conducted in the saran-covered plastic house of the College of Agriculture and Marshes, Thi-Qar
University, on 20.02.2022, to study the effect of spraying with glutathione and ascorbic acid on the physical and chemical
properties of the grape plant Vitis vinifera L at one year age. The effect of glutathione compound at four concentrations (0,
75, 150, 225) mg.l-1
and ascorbic acid at four concentrations also (0, 50, 100, 150) mg.l-1
, and the interaction between them
was studied and implemented as a factorial experiment with two-factors (4×4×3) by following the randomized complete
block design (RCBD) with three replications (48 seedlings per replicate). The averages were tested using the Revised least
significant difference R.L.S.D at the probability level of 5%. The most important results obtained indicate that the effect
of spraying with glutathione significantly on the studied vegetative characteristics, where the spraying treatment (G3) with
a concentration of (225 mg l-1
) was significantly superior to the control treatment (G0) in(Stem diameter, number of
branches, dry weight, wet weight), which gave the highest averages, respectively ((24,901 mm, 7.942 branches. plant-1,
1.596 g, 0.403 g, 20.903), respectively. As for ascorbic acid, its effect was significant. In the studied vegetative traits, the
spraying treatment (3C) with a concentration of (150 mg.L-1) was superior in (plant height (cm), number of leaves (leaf.
plant-1), leaf area (cm2), which gave the highest averages, respectively ( 25.110 mm, 25.110 mm, 7.509 branches. plant1,1.649 g, 0.392, 20.767).
As for the two interactions (glutathione + ascorbic acid) at a concentration of (225 mg.l-1 + 150 mg.l-1), the treatments
showed clear statistical differences, as the treatments excelled in the vegetative and chemical characteristics (stem diameter,
number of branches, wet weight, weight). Dry, chlorophyll content of leaves) was a significant effect on the control
treatment

This study was conducted in one of the animal islands stores (private sector) in Suq Al-Shuyoukh district, south of Dhi Qar
Governorate, for the period from 5/11/2021 to 8/5/2022 on a sample of 49 local Iraqi sheep (Orabi). The experiment
included Slaughtering sheep in the butcher’s shop and studying some characteristics of the carcass and taking a sample of
meat for the purpose of calculating some of the chemical properties of the meat samples. It was found that the age of the
animal had a significant and clear effect on most of the studied traits, while the animal’s sex had no significant effect in all
the studied traits. A significant effect was observed in the color of the wool In each of the characteristics of the percentage
of dressing, water carrying capacity and the index of fiber breakage in meat. The results showed the selection of red and
black sheep for the characteristics of water carrying capacity and the evidence of fiber breakage, and the selection of sheep
of black and white colors for the characteristic of the clearing ratio.

Effect of spraying with Ferti Mar and GROWX AMINO MIX on some chemical characteristics of Citrus aurantium seedlings Citrus aurantium L.

The samples of this study were collected from the private fields of buffalo breeders in the Al-Tar district of Dhi Qar
Governorate / Karma Bani Said district, where 50 samples of milking female buffaloes were used in the experiment, with
ages ranging from (2-3 years), this study was conducted in the laboratories of the College Agriculture and Marshes
Department of Animal Production for the period from 15/11/2021 to 30/5/2022 with the aim of diagnosing the genetic
morphology of the growth hormone gene in Iraqi buffaloes and its relationship to blood parameters and some characteristics
of milk composition. Where the blood parameters measurements included the number of red blood cells, the number of
white blood cells, the percentage of hemoglobin in the blood and the volume of the aggregated cells. As for the
measurement of milk components, it included protein percentage, lactose sugar percentage, fat percentage, percentage of
non-fat solids, milk density, freezing point, ash percentage and water percentage. Then DNA was extracted from animal
blood samples in the Molecular Genetics Laboratory of For the Marshes Research Center / Dhi Qar University, the primer
of the growth hormone gene was amplified and then the genotypes in the growth hormone gene were determined using
(PCR) technique by electrophoresis with a relay device, and then the sequence of bases was analyzed using the sanger
sequencing technique. And then study the relationship between the genetic structures and the traits mentioned above.

Five European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris), which are necessary for this study, were procured from Basrah city. Two
anatomical and histological studies were performed on each bird. Duodenum, jejunum, and ileum formed the small
intestine's three parts. The ileum was short, the jejunum was large, and the duodenum was U-shaped. We will measure the
weight and length, and calculate the ratio of length to weight for the small intestine/bird (IL/BL%) and (IW/BW%) . The
small intestine has four tunicae; the mucosa covering with simple columnar cells with goblet cells, which has an oval shape.
The mucosa layer descends in thickness from the duodenum to the ileum, whereas the goblet cells will be increased in
number in the ileum than in the jejunum and duodenum. We note the difference in the lengths and diameters of the villi in
the three parts , where the highest lengths are in the duodenum and the lowest in the ileum

This study was conducted in the animal field of the College of Agriculture and Marshlands / University of Dhi Qar for the
period from 6/12/2021 to 3/16/2022, and within that period the preparatory period was for 16 days (for adaptation), to
study the effect of giving doses of different levels of the group of vitamins AD3E on some productive and doll traits For
young male goats the local. The study included (12) animals between the ages of (3-4) months and their average weight
(16.0-16.65) kg. Male Iraqi black goats were selected from local markets, purchased and all veterinary medical
examinations were conducted for them, to ensure their safety and freedom from diseases, and the goats were divided.
Randomly to (three treatments), each treatment included (four) animals for each treatment, which included the first
treatment (control).
T1 = 0 mL AD3E, left for comparison untreated with vitamins AD3E, T2 = 1 mL AD3E, and T3 = 2 mL AD3E, A
concentrated diet of 3% of the live body weight was provided in the morning and in the evening, as the amounts of feed
provided were adjusted depending on the progress of the new weight for each group. All treatments were fed on a ration
containing crushed components, namely (crushed barley by 30%), (wheat bran by 26%), (corn). Yellow crushed 20%),
(flour 20%), (urea 1%), (salts 3%) In addition to wheat straw provided as a -form side feed.
The results were statistically analyzed using a complete random design, and the study conclud

This study was conducted in Suq Al-Shuyoukh district, south of Thi Qar province, for the period from 5/11/2021 to
8/5/2022 on a sheep sample consisting of 49 local Iraqi sheep (Arabi ) from one of the private sector herds.The study
included slaughtering sheep in a butcher's shop, recording the traits of the carcass and the weight of the thigh inside the
shop, and then taking a sample of the thigh meat to study some of its chemical traits .Chemical tests were conducted on
the meat sample in the laboratories of the Faculty of Agriculture and the Marshes of the University of Thi Qar, and the
genetic material was extracted and genetic analysis was done in the laboratory of the Marsh Research Center at the
University of Thi Qar. We reached the following results: The traits of hot carcass weight, carcass length, carcass diameter,
and thigh weight showed a highly significant and positive correlation among them, while the rest of the traits differed in
their correlations in terms of morality or in terms of being negative or positive. Through the results of the statistical
analysis, it was found that the value of the regression coefficient for the characteristics of hot carcass weight, carcass
length, thigh weight, dressing percentage, pH of meat, and muscle fiber diameter on the live weight of the animal was
positive (except for the dressing percentage) and highly significant (P≤0.01).

The experiments were conducted to study the effect of sub cultures (3 sub-cultures) of in vitro propagated plants of three
cultivars of potato (Arnova, Riviera and Provento) and their interaction with Indole Acetic acid (IAA) at 0.0 , 1.0 mg L1
and Benzyl Adenine ( BA) at 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg L-1
concentrations on morphological traits of vegetative (plant
height, number of shoots, leaves , nodes and length of shoots) and roots (number of roots and their lengths) system. The
cultures were incubated under temperature of 25 ± 2°C and illumination for 16 h day-1
. The plants were transferred to the
greenhouse and data were taken on the number of minitubers, their diameter and weight after 90 days. The results showed
the effectiveness of IAA at 1 mg L-1
increasing in plant height (16.06 and 14.83 cm for Rivera and Provento cultivars,
respectively), and in number of leaves and nodes (18.08 leaf plant-1
for Rivera and 16.92 nod plant -1
for Provento), and
the number of roots and their length. (11.25 root plant-1
and 11.25 cm for Rivera and Arnova cultivar, respectively). The
results also showed the effectiveness of the combination of IAA (1 mg L-1
) + BA (0.5 mg L-1 ) increasing the number
and length of shoots (6.50 shoot plant-1
and 4.83 cm for Provento and Rivera cultivar). A decrease in the number of roots
was also observed with increasing concentrations of BA which added to the medium with or without of IAA. Results also
recorded the highest average of diameter and weight of minitubers was 8.63 cm and 3.64 g for the mother plants of the
Riviera and Provento cultivars, respectively, while the mother plants and in vitro propagated plants of three cultivars did
not differ in the average number of minitubers.

This study was conducted in the poultry field of the College of Agriculture and the Marshes - University of Dhi Qar
for the period from 10/11/2021 to 26/12/2021 in cooperation with the Molecular Genetics Laboratories at the Marsh
Research Center - College of Agriculture and Marshes for the purpose of the effect of multiple genotypes of the FATP
gene on productive performance and some traits Physiology of broilers of ROSS 308 strain, 150 birds were used in
this study. The results of this study showed the following.The results were analyzed by the sequence of nitrogenous
bases of the gene studied outside Iraq by the South Korean company, Macrogen corporation-Korea. Carcass weight,
dressing ratio, relative weight of the studied cuts Three genotypes were diagnosed, the first being GG, GA and AA,
and there were significant significant differences (P<0.05)) in the distribution ratios of the genotypes of the FATP
gene according to the mutation G237A, where the GA genotype recorded the highest percentage, followed by the GG
genotype, and then followed by the AA genotype Its proportions were 0.49, 0.39 and 0.12, respectively, and the G
allelic frequency is superior to the A allele, as it reached 0.64 and 0.36, respectively, and it was noted that there were
no significant differences for the genotypes of the G237A mutation in the weekly body weights, as it was found that
there are no significant differences between the genotypes GA, GG and AA gene FATP in the average live body
weight on the first day of life of the bird and the second, third, fourth and fifth weeks, The results showed that there
was a significant difference (P<0.05) for the genotypes of the G237A mutation in the average carcass weight, as the
AA genotype was superior to the GG and GA genotypes. As for the relative weight of the wings, the AA genotype
was superior to the GA and GG genotypes, while the relative weight characteristic of the leg was superior to Structure
AA on the genotypes GG and GA There was no significant effect of the relative weights of the thighs with the drum
stick, wings, neck, back and belly fat

The study was conducted in the animal field of the College of Agriculture and Marshes / University of Thi- Qar
from 12/30/2021 to 3/15/2022 in order to find out the effect of giving celery base and probiotic to the kids of local
goats and its reflection on the productive traits. This origin in the study gave 16 formulas weighing 14.5 kg, and
performed randomly on a treatment with four replications for one treatment, T1 treatments: Treating the basic
ration consisting of (59% barley, 37% bran, 1% urea, 2% salts, 1% vitamins) and without added, T2 (control
treatment + addition of probiotic 2%), T3 (treatment of control + addition of celery seed 5%), T4 (treatment +
addition of probiotic with celery). The results of the current study showed that the addition of celery seeds and the
probiotic/head/day increased the rate of weight and weight gain. The results of the first week of the experiment
showed that there was no significant difference in weight despite the presence of an arithmetic increase in favor of
the probiotic and celery treatment, with an average of (15.89) kg compared to With the rest of the treatments, in
the second week, the moral superiority was in favor of the two treatments (the probiotic + celery and celery) whose
average was 16.37 and 16.54 kg, respectively, and through the results we find a significant superiority in the
treatment (the probiotic + celery) for the fourth, sixth and eighth weeks And the tenth and twelfth of the experiment,
and the averages recorded for their body weights were (17.300), 18.40, 19.30, 20.30, and 21.30 kg, respectively,
compared to the rest of the experiment's treatments. As for the total weight gain, the moral superiority was in favor
of the probiotic treatment, as it recorded an average of (7.15) kg compared to the rest of the treatments (the probiotic
+ celery, celery, and the control), where the average total weight increases were 5.41, 5.16, 4.19) kg, respectively.
Significant superiority was noted in the daily weight gain rate in favor of the probiotic treatment, as it recorded an
average daily weight gain of 85.11 (gm/day) compared to the rest of the experiment treatments (the probiotic +
celery, celery, control) and the average daily weight gain values were (64.40, 61.42, 49.88)gm/boom, respectively.
As for the efficiency of food conversion, it was a significant superiority in favor of the control treatment, as it
recorded an average of (10.23) kg of feed / kg compared to the rest of the treatments (the probiotic + celery, celery,
the probiotic) and their recorded averages were (8.65, 7.05) , 6.12) kg of feed / kg of weight gain, respectively.

In order to investigate some biochemical and histopathological changes effects of Methimazole (ME)in rats twentyeight white female rats were equally divided into four target groups, (ME) The 1
st group, was given sterile saline (0.9%)
and served as a control (c). The 2
nd group, was given Methimazole at dose 0.04 mg/kg B.W. orally (positive control).
The 3
rd group, was given Methimazole at dose 0.04 mg/kg B.W. and Vitamin C 200 mg/kg B.W. orally. The 4
th group,
was given only Vitamin C 200 mg/kg B.W. orally. Results aimed in the present study on the effect of Methimazole at
daily intake doses to investigate possible adverse effects and modulate its possible mechanism by measuring the oxidant
and antioxidant impact in brain and Ameliorative trail of vit. C. Vit C antioxidant, such as super oxide, increase super
oxide elimination. examination revealed that the (ME) histopathological figures showed very small size thyroid gland
that displayed atrophy, composed numerous small size follicles with normal follicular cells and C-cells. Study
concludes, (vit c) can decreased thyroid damage caused by oxidative effects triggered by (ME) and linked to their
antioxidant effects.

This study was conducted to evaluate the synergistic effect between Capparis Spinosa fruits methanolic extract and
ciprofloxacin against resistant E. Coli O157:H7, in varying concentration. This experiment was carried out through the ultrasonic
alcoholic extraction of C. Spinosa fruits, and an extraction ratio of 24% was obtained. The extract showed pronounced concentration
dependent antibacterial activity. The susceptibility study revealed that E. Coli O157:H7 was sensitive to C. Spinosa fruits. The
findings of the present study indicate that the use of pronounced C. Spinosa fruits extract may have the perfect to be choice in clinical
control. The concentration of C. spinosa fruits extract increase the activity of inhibition, increase as well when used in combination
with ciprofloxacin (half concentration from each other). In result appeared synergism effect between plant extract and ciprofloxacin
and may make bacteria lost their resistance to antibiotics by this synergism phenomenon. The result of MIC (6400 µg/ ml), MBC
(12800 µg/ ml) and for C. spinose fruits extract while ciprofloxacin MIC (12.5 µg/ ml) and MBC (25 µg/ ml). MICs of CIP/ C.
spinosa fruits extract combinations against E. coli O157:H7 isolate was 1.562/ 1600 μg/ml. Value of minimum bactericidal
concentration (MBC) of the synergistic combinations (CIP/ C. spinosa fruits extract) was 3.124/ 3200 μg/ml. According to obtained
results fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) value of (CIP/ C. spinosa fruits extract 1.562/ 1600 μg/ml) was (0.375) less than 0.5
indicates synergistic effect of interaction.

This study was conducted in the laboratories of the Department of Animal Production,College of Agriculture / University
of Thi Qar for the period from 6/1/2022 to 3/4/2022 to know the effect of adding different levels of ginger powder on the
sensory parameters of Berker frozen buffalo meat tablets used for thigh meat, which was purchased From the local markets
of the city of Nasiriyah and the experiment was conducted using concentrations of 1, 2 and 3% of ginger powder, which
was added to the meat tablets kept by cooling at a temperature of 4 ° C. The sensory tests were conducted, and the results
when assessing the sensory criteria led to a moral superiority in the color of buffalo meat in favor of the treatment T2 for
the fourth, seventh and ninth days, with averages (9.00, 8.00, and 8.33), respectively, and on the twelfth day, T3
outperformed with an average of (8.67). The moral superiority for the first, fourth, seventh and ninth days was in favor of
the T2 treatment, and their averages were (8.67,8.33, 8.67,8.67, respectively), and with regard to freshness, the moral
superiority was in favor of the T2 treatment for the fourth, seventh and ninth days, with averages (8.33, 7.67, 8.00
(respectively and on the day). The twelfth treatment T4 outperformed the rest of the treatments with an average of (8.00)
The results showed a significant increase in meat juice in favor of the T2 treatment for the fourth, seventh and ninth days
with averages of (8.33, 8.00, 8.00) respectively, and on the twelfth and fifth days, treatment T4 outperformed the rest of
the treatments with an average It reached (7.33, 7.00), respectively, and the significant increase continued in favor of T2
treatment in general acceptance and for the first, fourth, seventh and ninth days, with an average of (9.00, 9.00, 8.67,
7.67).T3 treatment time was significant and averaged (7.67) for the twelfth day

The study was carried out at the agriculture college research station, University of Basrah, in the
2021 season. This research aimed to investigate the effect of five combinations of combined tillage machines on
maize yield, fuel consumption, total cost, total return, and return and benefit-cost return. The economic
indicators of combined tillage machines were compared with five conventional tillage systems. The combined
tillage machines are The T1 combined tillage machine consists of a subsoiler operating at a depth of 60 cm, a
chisel plow, a disk harrow, and a roller. T2 is similar to T1, except the subsoiler operates at a depth of 40 cm. A
T3 combined tillage machine consists of a subsoiler operating at a depth of 60 cm and a chisel plow. T4 is
similar to T3, except the subsoiler operates at a depth of 40 cm. A T5 combined tillage machine consists of a
chisel plow and a disk harrow. The conventional tillage systems include M1, which consists of four passes
(subsoiler at a depth of 60 cm + chisel plow + disk harrow + roller), M2 consists of four passes (subsoiler at a
depth of 40 cm + chisel plow + disk harrow + roller), M3 consists of two passes (subsoiler at a depth of 60 cm +
chisel plow), M4 consists of two passes (subsoiler at a depth of 40 cm + chisel plow ), M5 consists of two
passes (chisel plow + disk harrow ). Each treatment was replicated three times, and the data were analyzed
using a randomized complete block design in this experiment. The mean of the treatments for the combined
tillage machines and conventional tillage systems were compared using the t-test at the probability level (0.01).
The results of the combined tillage machines T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 comparison with conventional tillage
systems M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5 revealed that the maize yield increased by 56.10 and 59.42, 56.48, 35.29,
and 35.31% and saved fuel by 54.86 and 60.42, 36.77, 39.77, and 42.20% and decreased the total cost by 24.62,
24.70, 28.70, 27.61, and 16.50%. However, BCR was raised by 96.62, 101.28, 92.44, 68.35.20, and 57.2%
respectively. Soil tillage with combined tillage machines improved maize crop yield and fuel consumption.

Length-weight relationships of Brachirus Orientalis, in coastal areas of Faw, south of Iraq was carried out on January to
December 2019. Total length were ranged from 15.3 to 42 cm for 193 collected specimens, weight ranging from 59.60 to
1123.65g. According to the length-weight correlations the b value was 3.021. This demonstrated that positive allometric
growth for both sexes. Calculated values of condition factor were 1.02and 1.12 for male, female respectively that showed
healthy condition of fish.

This study was carried out on samples of honey that represented most of the governorates of Iraq from
different plant sources. The estimation was made for the values of indicators or criteria on which to determine
the purity of honey, as the electrical conductivity values ranged from 1205-322 µS/cm. The highest value was
recorded in the H8 sample, while the lowest value was in the H1 sample, the proline content ranged within
the limits of 181.7 - 398.3 mg/kg, as the H12 sample recorded the highest content of proline and the lowest
content in the sample H8. as the highest value of diastase in sample H12 was 21 unit and the lowest value
reached 8 units in samples H4 and H8, in While the highest activity of invertase was recorded in the H7
sample which amounted to 284.3 U/kg and the lowest activity in the H11 sample, which amounted to 107.5
U/kg. Also, the values of HMF ranged between 7.6-40.3 mg/kg, as the maximum value of HMF was in
northern eucalyptus honey (H2), while it was the lowest In northern floral honey (H5), the content of ascorbic
acid was between 138.83-305.5 mg/kg, as it reached its maximum concentration in sample H15, while it was
lower in sample H5.

This study has a specific goal in mind: Genetic Variation Study Within Populations of Coptodon zilliii,
Oreochromis aureus, and Oreochromis niloticus, and analysed the partial Cytb gene sequence of mtDNA to
determine genetic diversity among these species in the Khaur Abdallah and Shatt Al-Arab in the south of Iraq,
where the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene was used. DNA was isolated from 40 specimens of the three
species collected from two different sites and examined. The gene size for Coptodon zilliii, Oreochromis
aureus, and Oreochromis niloticus was (439, 326 & 473 bp long (amplified Cytb gene)), respectively. The study
found that two haplotypes in Khaur Abdallah and one in the Shatt-Al-Arab river in Coptodon zilliii populations,
while was found one haplotype in Khaur Abdallah and one in the Shatt-Al-Arab in both Oreochromis aureus,
and Oreochromis niloticus populations by using Software DnaSP v5.1. In each of the species Oreochromis
aureus and Oreochromis niloticus, the research identified two types of unique haplotypes, one in Khaur
Abdallah and the other in Shatt-Al-Arab. However, three haplotype patterns for Coptodon zilliii populations
were discovered: one in the Shatt al-Arab River and two in Khaur Abdallah. Low nucleotide (π) and haplotype
diversity (Hd) values were found in both Oreochromis aureus and Oreochromis niloticus populations in the
Shatt Al-Arab river and Khaur Abdallah, indicating low genetic variation among populations for both species in
the two regions. However, there was no diversity within the Oreochromis aureus population in both Shatt AlArab and Khaur Abdallah. The population of Oreochromis niloticus has the same indication. Three haplotypes
for Coptodon zilliii indicate to genetic variance across populations in the Shatt Al-Arab river and Khaur
Abdallah regions, although no variety within the Coptodon zilliii species was found in the Shatt Al-Arab river.
In the Khaur Abdallah district, there was little genetic diversity among them.

In vitro non- mutated and mutated plants with sodium azide at a concentration of 1 m mol for 30 minutes of three
cultivars of Potato (Arnova, Provento and Emma) were screened to salt tolerate. Plants cultured in MS medium
supplimented with different levels of sodium chloride (8, 10, 12 and 14 ds m-1
) with comparison treatment ( electrical
conductivity 6 ds m
-1
). The cultures were incubated at a temperature of 25 ± 2 and 16 hours day -1
. The data were taken
on the morphological characteristics of the vegetative growth (plant height, number of shoots and nodes) and the fresh
weight of the vegetative group and its content of Na+, K+, Ca++ and amino acid proline. The results showed that the
cultivars differed significantly in the morphological characteristics (plant height, number of nodes and the fresh
weight of the vegetative growth, Arnova cultivar superior with rates 5.55 cm, 5.72 plant node plant-1
and 236 mg,
respectively. Salinity also caused a decrease in the rates of these traits by increasing the salinity levels in addition to its
effect in increasing the accumulation of Na+ and decreasing K+, while it had no significant effect on the accumulation
of Ca++ and the amino acid proline. Mutation had no significant effect on the accumulation of Ca++ and proline,
while an increase K+
in Provento cultivar at all salinity levels compared to 6 ds m-1
and a decrease in the Na+
content at
6, 8 and 14 ds. m-1

The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological development and growth of different segments of the
digestive tract at pre and post hatch period of broiler chickens. A total sixty birds divided into: thirty of embryos at
the days 10th , 15th and 20th of incubation period and thirty of chicks at the days 1
st , 15th , 30th of post hatch period
were used, as ten for each age. The live body weight taken of each bird and after careful evisceration, their digestive
tracts segments (esophagus with crop, proventriculus, ventriculus, small intestine and large intestine) were dissected.
The location, shape and weight of the collected organs were recorded. Morphological results showed that esophagus
divided into two regions by crop cervical esophagus and thoracic esophagus. Stomach was divided into two parts,
glandular stomach (proventriculus) and the muscular stomach (ventriculus). Small intestine divided into three parts
these are represented by duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Large intestine represented by cecum and colon. Data of the
absolute weight of each organ separately, showed increasing with age, were the increasing significantly different
between ages (p≤0.05), while the data of the weight of each organ separately relative to body weight showed
increasing at pre hatch period and at hatch day, but these values decrease at 15th day of post hatch period.

This study's objective was to describe development structure of trachea, comparison the
grossly, histological and histochemical features of trachea between rat (one day) postnatal
and adult . Two sets of seven rats each—seven adults and seven newborns—were created
from a total of fourteen healthy rats. Gross study; describe the development of trachea,
measurement length and diameter of trachea in different ages of rat. For histological and
histochemical studies; the specimens were taken from the different regions of trachea and
fixed in 10% formaldehyde to histological technique after that embedded in paraffin wax,
then sectioned, stained with routine stain, AB, Masson's Trichrome. The length and diameter
of the trachea in one day age was (0.405±0.012; 0.09±0.008 cm) respectively, while in adult
age was (3.7±0.07; 0.507±0.006 cm) respectively. The results statistical analysis show that
there were significant differences (P> 0.05) in the length and diameter of the trachea also
length and weight of lung with different times in the postnatal stage .
The findings showed that the trachea of (one day) postnatal lined with pseudostratifed
columnar non ciliated epithelial with development mucous glands, lamina propria, consists
of loose connective tissue and sub mucosa contained loose connective tissue in one day age.
while in adult rat lined with ciliated pseudostratifed columnar epithelial with seromucous
glands, in adult the lamina propria was consists of dense connective tissue. The hyaline
cartilage consists chondrocytes, within the lacunae, the adventitia was made up of loose
connective tissue, with many elastic fibers.

The study was conducted at Taj Al-Nahrain station in Al- Diwaniyah Governorate, which Is
approximately 200 km from the center of Dhi Qar Governorate, for the period from 10/2/2021 to
1/4/2022.And the laboratory part of the study was conducted In the Molecular Genetics Laboratory of
the Marshes Research Center at Dhi Qar University. The study includeincludeed 49 Holstein cows
Imported in their third productive season, Blood samples were drawn from them for the purpose of
separating the genetic material (DNA) from It and studying the heat shock protein HSPA6 gene and
knowing Its relationship to milk production characteristics In Holstein cows ,The results showed the
nucleotide sequence on the 475bp gene segment extracted from the HSP70B gene the presence of the
point mutation G˃T.113 was detected In the third exon of the above gene In the cattle sample under
study.
And the mutation discovered In the studied piece of the HSP70B gene was a missense mutation and It
worked to change the code for the amino acid valine to private code With the amino acid lucine
.Three
genotypes were shown: GG, GT, and TT.
Groups of cows carrying the genotypes (GG, GT and TT) did not differ significantly among themselves
in the characteristics of milk components, but an arithmetic superiority between the three genotypes
was noticed and referred to in all the studied traits.

The current study examined the culture of the common carp Cyprinus carpio in three lakes supplied with water from Shatt
Al-Badaa, a section of the Euphrates River, located in the Al-Rifai district, the village of Al-Nazim, between latitude 46.0703
in the south and a length of 31.5540N. 2021 and up to (23/2/2022) Three standardized treatments were used in the culture
density of 1000 fish/m3 divided into three lakes equally and with an average weight of 20 ± g. A standardized local diet was
used to feed the fish. The temperature during the experiment ranged between 14-28 (C) values. pH (7-8.5), dissolved oxygen
concentration (6.7-9.0) mg/L. Salinity ranged between 0.2-0.3) g/liter. The results of the statistical analysis of the protein
efficiency ratio outperformed the fish of the third treatment (62.210). The results of the statistical analysis indicated that the
percentage of protein in the muscles of fish after the experiment was higher, reaching 5.76%, while the lowest percentage in
the muscles of fish before the experiment was 3.61. The percentage of protein decreased at the beginning of the experiment.
We notice an increase in the percentage of protein deposited in the fish body at the end of the experiment. The results of the
experiment when analyzed on the basis of dry weight showed a difference in the percentage of fat in the chemical analysis of
fish muscles before the experiment, 0.0048%, while the percentage of fat in the chemical analysis of fish muscles after the
experiment was 39%. This may be due to the large size of the fish during the experiment period, in addition to its adoption in
Feeding on the natural food found in the ponds. The current study showed an increase in the percentage of ash in fish muscles
before the experiment on the basis of dry weight, which amounted to 5.49 %, and we note a decrease in the percentage of ash
in fish muscles before the experiment, on the basis of dry weight, of 4.25%. The results of the study showed that
carbohydrates increased at the end of the experiment (from 0.00069 to 0.485). The results of our current study showed that
the survival rate of fish was not affected by the survival rate in the months of the beginning of the experiment, October and
November, except in the last months, December, January and February