Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology(MJET)

The research is concerned with the development of an educational policy and a set of values representing the cultural floor of the architectural design studio and its relation with the rest of the lessons in the architectural curriculum taken from the Department of Architecture at the University of Technology. The general research problem was to identify the pillars of educational policy building, and the particular problem in the design lesson relationship with the rest of the lessons in the curriculum. The University of Technology is in line with the requirements of the quality of international architectural education to achieve the objective of research in building a comprehensive conception of the design of the architectural curriculum and the formulation of the educational policy of the culture of the design studio within it according to the most important pillars of this Locally and globally. To come up with a set of conclusions and recommendations that emphasize the most important pillars for building educational policy and the best patterns of building an appropriate curriculum for architectural education in Iraq.

In this study, pollution of groundwater by heavy metals was evaluated in Al-Alam area in Salah Al-Din Governorate. Water samples were collected from 25 wells in the study area during February 2017 to determine the concentrations of heavy metals including lead, cadmium, nickel and chromium using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results were compared with WHO standards for drinking water, where lead and cadmium concentrations were higher than standard while nickel and chromium were within the standards. A health risk assessment model was applied to assess the risk of groundwater use via ingestion (drinking) and skin contact (bathing) on adults and children and showed that there are no adverse health effects for heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr) on both. Pollution assessment indices have been applied to classify water quality and determine the degree of contamination of heavy metals. The range of the HPI index for all wells of the study area was significantly higher than the critical index of 75. The value of HEI was between 5.4 – 15.9), while Cd was between (1.4 – 11.9) for all wells of the study area. These results show that water quality in the study area is light to medium contaminated with heavy metals and is unsuitable for drinking purposes only after treatment.

The study used two types of algae to reduce contaminants in dairy wastewater, using Lyngebia and Chlorella. COD, PO4, NO3 and algal growth measured, at 22 ° C and 32 ° C,. The results of the study showed that the highest removal rates for Lyngebia (62%, 83%, 74% and 95% at 22 ° C) while for Chlorella (71% and 71% at 32 ° C, 88% and 95% at 22 ° C) (95%, 98%, 99% 95% at 22 ° C) respectively, and Chlorella (95%, 95% and 98% at 32 ° C),. (96% at 32 ° C, 99%, 97% and 95% at 22 ° C), and Chlorella (99% at 22 ° C at 97 ° C) (32 ° C and 97% 97% at 22 ° C),. In the optical density test, there was an increase in the optical density of both algae halves during the experiment.

Generally architectural proposition has focused on studying general concepts in architecture, one of these concepts was the monuments and it is impact on supporting the continuity of change and feeding the general values for the field of architecture in various frames represented by time and place and detail effects to another concepts in the field of architecture like the identity which represented the joint subject to the continuity state in the general architectural knowledge frame work around all these items and it is relationships and detail. This research aims to identify the general visions of studying the concepts of monuments and it is relationship in time and place concepts and identity action on specifying and supporting the basis of that relationship by specifying the general knowledge proposition about the goal then move to build a multi theoretical frame work to these concepts pointers and apply it on specific architectural case study chosen to represent a practical application to the monuments concept in architecture and analyzing the results to discover , conclude and make the states of application clear to the pointers of proposed concepts and state the conclusions and future works.

Countries with high population density such as Iraq, are facing many health problems caused by pollution resulting from population activities on the different components of the environment burden which is the most dangerous of these pollutants are heavy metals in the waters of rivers, and that most of the water treatment plants where there is no chemical treatment to remove heavy elements stage. This project aims to find out the concentration of toxic heavy metals and cancer-causing disease in humans in the case of non-processed. Where the study of concentration of heavy metals in the three water treatment plants in Diwaniya city first in the north of the province of Diwaniya (Diwaniya large project, “Project No. 6”) and in the center (water treatment plant in Aljazaer) and the South of Diwaniya city (water treatment plant in Aleskan). The aim of the selection of three sites to demonstrate the impact of the discharge of sewage from the city on the sites of three drinking water treatment plants. Heavy elements that have been studied in this research are (nickel, cadmium, aluminum, mercury and lead) for three drinking water treatment plants, and for five stages which were (the intake (the river), sedimentation, after filtration, the ground reservoir, and the water network). These stages were identified to indicate the effect of the treatment stages on the concentration of these elements in terms of increase or decrease. The results of the study showed high concentrations of both the aluminum and lead which were above the permissible limits of the standard Iraqi standard, where concentrations of the lead were high for all stages of treatment. The results of the study showed that the concentration of the aluminum is more than the permissible limits in all stages of drinking water treatment due to adding alum to the rapid mixing tank. Concentrations of the remaining heavy metals (nickel, cadmium and mercury) were few or nil and were within the limits of Iraqi standards.

Hospital buildings are one of architecture production that involve in affording specific human needs of users, so these needs were studied for the purpose of identifying elements of spatial environment that support and afford these needs within hospital building. Healing environment as requested to be implemented in hospitals is the main goal and could achieve complete fulfilling human needs of hospital users. Research problem based on the lack of clear determination and the role of the design elements required in hospital buildings to support and improve healing process, research hypothesis stated the importance of design components in supporting healing environment in hospitals buildings. Methodology of research implemented two access the first was to determine design elements that support healing environment and finding out their role, the second was the practical side to check and evaluate founded design elements importance.

The buried pipes are used for many purposes as drainage and water supply in addition many other projects such as oil pipelines and transferring the rivers water. The used pipes are made from various materials and different diameters which are mostly subjected to moving stresses and overburden pressures. The present study is focused on possibility of reducing the effect of applied stress on the buried PVC pipes into the loose and dense conditions of sand soil by reducing the settlement of using geogrids and thin layer of concrete. The response of the pipes was studied with and without treatment. In this study, finite element analyses were used to evaluate the behaviour of 500 mm PVC pipe buried in sand soil. The effects of many variable parameters as embedment ratio of pipes, density of soil and geogrids locations were investigated. Twenty-two models were conducted using Plaxis 3D program. Dimensions of the numerical models were (1 × 2 × 3)m. Accumulated incremental stresses were applied on the surface of soil with 500 mm in width and along the length of pipe. For each model, the relationship between the surface pressure and the corresponding pipe crown deflection was investigated. In view of the results, it can be concluded that the embedment ratio of pipes, density of sand and utilizing the geogrids are fundamental parameters that influence the buried pipes. Also the results demonstrate that replacing the top soil with dense and reinforcing it by geogrid layer gives greater protection for pipes.

This paper aims to show that Natural gas is the cheapest fuel for the electrical power generation in electrical stations and show that Natural Gas the less damage on the environment. The paper is studying about natural gas used in electric generation stations in the field of the environment and future plans for the countries of the world in the construction of many electric -gas stations. The paper show environment-economic comparisons and Calculate quantities and prices between Natural Gas and Fuel Oil used in two electrical power stations. The result the ratio natural gas consumption to electrical power generation is 316 m3/MWH and ratio Fuel oil consumption to electrical power generation is 0.197 m3/MWH. The price of Fuel oil or Diesel is higher than Natural gas, therefore Fuel oil consumption cost for electrical power generation very high. The city of Samawa needs to establish electrical plants that run on natural gas because of the economic and environmental benefits for the city.

In this research, the photocatalytic decolorization of textile wastewater, using zinc oxide as a photocatalyst was examined in the current method of removing dyes from wastewater as an ideal photocatalyst. All experiments were taken at room temperature in a batch reactor by using Ultra-Violet photo-oxidation process because of high effectiveness in color removal. The decolorization of wastewater using ZnO under various pH and different concentrations. Zinc oxide proved to be very effective catalysts in photocatalytic decolorization of real textile industrial water. The best decolorization achieved was 83% by using ZnO at room temperature, within 205 minutes of irradiations. At pH of 9.2, the maximum decolorization was 84%, so it can be called the best pH in this experiment. This study proves that real textile wastewater reacts effectively with catalyst and give good results of dyes degradation for the suspension.

This paper aimed to use a low pH-cement for treatment of an acidic soil. The soil was obtained from a depth of 70 cm below natural ground level. The cement used is called magnesium potassium phosphate cement (MKPC) which is prepared by a combination of magnesium oxide (MgO) and mono potassium phosphate (KH2PO4). Four cement doses ranged (0, 3.0, 5.0, and 7.0 %) were mixed by dry unit weigh of pure soil. The evolution in compressive strength and microstructure of soil-MKPC mixture were studied in this paper. The results show that a considerable growth in soil strength was obtained. The micrographs exhibit formation of MKPC cement and reduction in voids (i.e. densification of treated soil) as well as soil particles were glued together by cement formed.