Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology(MJET)

Currently, flat slabs become one of the widely used structures due to its architectural benefits such as uncomplicated formwork, flexibility and minimum construction time. However, these structures are relatively weak to resist the punching shear due to a considerable lowering in stiffness induced from the development of cracks that resulting from axial and seismic loads. Moreover, the punching failure is considered a brittle failure caused by the transferring of unbalanced moments and shear forces between the structural members. Unfortunately, this may cause a catastrophic collapse, especially in the region of the slab-column. Therefore, many experimental and theoretical studies were done to improve the punching strength of the flat slab. In the current work; a finite element three-dimensional non-linear analysis has simulated by ABAQUS tool to investigate the structural behaviour of flat slab. Two specimens have considered, the first is a flat slab reinforced by ordinary steel reinforcement. While in the second one, a Z-shape shear rebar improvement has been added to the slab-column connection. The proposed model has reflected a reasonable enhancement to the flat slab. The analysis considers different parameters such as punching shear forces, deformations, and stresses of Von-Mises. The outcomes indicate that punching shear strength is increased by approximately 11.1%, and the deflections are decreased by 77.3% when the Z-shape reinforcement is used. In the meantime, stress concentrations were reduced and move from the slab-column connection.

This paper addresses of urban visual quality at Traditional Kut City Center as an important part of urban life concept. Where most of the traditional city centers suffer from unorganized interventions and urban disruption, affecting the identity and future of the city and its quality of urban life. To achieve the objectives of this paper, the study area was divided into three main areas: the river side, the middle part, and the part overlooking the residential units. A quantitative analysis of the city center (the three parts) was prepared and analyzed using the SWAT method.
A questionnaire was prepared and answered by a group of experts with expertise and specialization in the field of urban design and architecture to answer the set of axes allocated to the questionnaire. The research found that there is a positive correlation between these indicators. The more attention is paid to the visual urban image indicators of the traditional city center, the clearer the urban environment will be, thus increasing the city’s visual value and quality of life.
To improve the urban visual quality at Traditional Kut City Center, the research considers the need to attention of three vertical indicators, and look at to urban sustainability as an important part of enhancing the visual quality of the city center, where sustainability works with visual quality first by determining the standards of construction and urban intervention of the traditional city of Kut, And secondly, the morphological formation of the traditional center which is the main factor in the concept of enhancing the visual quality of urban centers in the cities.

What inspires the learner or scholar in the field of architecture, as a need to satisfy, is the ability of the architect to deal with many of the architectural trends at the same time through the identification and investment in the creation of architectural configurations acceptable or have the balance among many architects. This approach has united the idea that architecture originated from a single source connected to man and his continuous quest to create an acceptable and acceptable environment. What interested the research is dealing with the Islamization of deconstruct architecture.
The research found the emerged from the architecture of deconstruct has achieved disjointed products of interpretation has been struck with the intention of the concept of unification in the architecture of Islam by abolishing the social concept and the impact of this in the creation of a unified architecture. While dealing with the texts shown in the Quran has achieved deconstruct as a purification of information by dealing with the phenomenon of production, it maintains its composition and do not deal with the deconstructive vision common to them. Or the circumference of the phenomenon as manipulated by the deconstruction through a distortion of the apparent configurations.

This study adopted the investigation of the effect of a material that can be used as an alternative to steel reinforcement of shear in reinforced concrete beams, as the most susceptible to corrosion to which reduces the time service of the concrete structures and increase the maintenance costs is the steel reinforcement of shear for the closeness of surface of concrete. Therefor non-corroding material is needful for concrete structures and PVC fiber reinforcement is chosen. Experimentally nine reinforced concrete beams have been tested to determine the effect of PVC fiber reinforcement on the concrete beam resistance load, the load of cracks, deflection achieved and distribution with dimension of cracks. Three volume fraction ratios were taken for PVC fiber reinforcement (0, 0.25 and 0.5), which were identical to the shear reinforcement used in this research (0,0.29 and 0.54). All the concrete beams were tested with in on one program by applied a center load from the top in the middle to the failure load and the results were impressive. The specimens containing the PVC fiber reinforcement percentages achieved a remarkable increase in the crack and ultimate load of the concrete beams before and after cracks with direct effect in changing the failure type. While the deflection achieved due to the increase in PVC fiber percentage is more than the allowable deflection in the ACI Code equations of the reinforced concrete beams and more of these if the use of PVC fiber and steel reinforcement of shear together. A smaller measurement of the maximum cracks width was achieved by using advanced percentages of PVC fiber and shear reinforcement (0.5 and 0.54) respectively.

The relevance is a strategy to express the privacy of the place، and that architecture uses shapes to reflect the objectives of the building. Activating the distinctive role of the architecture that associated with the site which includes the physical space، shape and place’s space during the global challenges of attempts to obliterate the environmental, historical and cultural differences، which necessitated the balance between man and the environment. Therefore, the research’s problem was to identify as “a lack of knowledge about the effect of place specificity on the architectural structure”. The objective of the research was to highlight the construction of a theoretical framework that helps designers to produce relevance ally of the buildings. The research hypothesis is based on the descriptive analysis approach in constructing a cognitive framework for the concept of formal relevance and extracting the most important vocabulary and special indicators, then applying them within the study. The study concluded by analyzing a group of local historical buildings in the city of Baghdad. The study concludes with “building a model that demonstrates the effect of place’s characteristics on architectural formation and its relation to place”. The results of the analysis showed that formal relevance contributes to the development and growth of the building’s integration with the environment surround it.

This paper presents the results of a study to have better understanding of structural behavior of the reinforced concrete (RC) column wrapped by carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets.
In this study, three dimensional finite element models have been presented using ANSYS computer program (Release 16.0) to analyze reinforced concrete columns strengthened with CFRP composites , to evaluate the gain in performance (strength and ductility) due to strengthening, and to study the effect of the most important parameters such as: compressive strength of concrete, modulus of elasticity of CFRP and fiber orientations .
Three dimensional eight-node brick element (SOLID65) was used to represent the concrete, and three dimensional spar element (LINK180) was used to represent the steel and three dimensional shell element (SHELL41) was used to represent the CFRP composites.
The present study has a comparison between the analytical results from the ANSYS finite element analysis with experimental data. The results of the study show that, external bonded CFRP sheets are very effective in enhancing the axial strength and ductility of the concrete columns. Inspection of the results shows that, there is good agreement between the ANSYS and the experimental test results.

This paper presents an experimental study of structural behavior of selfcompacting reinforced concrete beams strengthened in shear by inclined CFRP strips. The experimental work consists of casting and testing of nine simply supported reinforced concrete beams. In this study, three parameters were considered, the configuration of CFRP sheets wrapping system, i.e two sides and U-shape, effect of horizontal strap of CFRP strips and CFRP strengthening area. The results showed that the presence of the horizontal strap of CFRP strips on the inclined strips increases the shear strength and the ultimate carrying load capacity by 8 to 15% and 7 to 10%, respectively in compare with the wrapping system of the CFRP strips.