iklil for Humanity Studies

Abstract
Summary of the research:
"A System in the Science of Experimental Medicine by Sheikh
Ahmad Al-Damanhouri: Study and Investigation"Imam Ahmad ibn Abd al-
Mun'im al-Damanhouri (1101 - 1192 AH) is the Sheikh of Al-Azhar, the
musnad of Egypt in the twelfth century AH. He is distinguished by the
madhhabiyya. He was called the madahebiy for his complete knowledge of
the four schools of thought. The moderate is a doctrine, jurisprudence and
appraisal, as it combines the Sharia and the method, combines the Qur’an
with reading and interpretation, the Sunnah is a narration and know-how, and
has many compilations that express encyclopedia in culture and
inclusiveness in science. Including "a system in the science of experimental
medicine." It represents the medical culture in the era of al-Nazim and also
indicates his historical and scientific culture in this area, as he benefited from
the sources in the medical science tested before him ..
The system is from Al-Bahr Al-Basit and after the investigation it
contains 48 houses, and in the investigation it relied on two different copies,
the first was a manuscript in the public treasury in Rabat, and the second was
a printed text that was contained in an old book transferred from a copy other
than the copy of the treasury of Rabat. So I met them and investigated the
text of the system and set its vocabulary and its poetic weight, and used the
methodology of the chosen text (the fabricated) to bring them together to
produce the text in the best form and complete it, especially since there is no
reliable or reliable copy.
The investigation came in tribal introductions in which I presented the
history of medicine among the Arabs and dealt with issues including

treatment with drugs of animal origin. I verified the correctness of the
system’s ratio to its owner and was translated by Sheikh Ahmed bin Abdel
Moneim al-Damanhouri, and I studied transcription and showed my
methodology for the investigation, and after investigating the text, I wrote a
scout Or an index in the form of a table that deals with the drugs that came in
the system, the diseases that treat them, and the method of their use as they
came in the verses. I also tried, in commenting on the system, to compare
these types of treatment with what is called today modern alternative
medicine..
Finally, I extend my sincere thanks to the secretariat of the first
international conference held by the Iraqi Scientific Society for Manuscripts
in partnership with notable cultural institutions and centers, under the slogan:
"Readings in the Humanities: A Journey Through Levantine and
Maghreb Cultures"

The study of parties is considered one of the important nital issues nowadays. The Democratic National Party deserves to be studied since it was the power party and it had power over its members. The party members control all the abilities of the country like economy and policy of the country. This is represented by the dominance of administrative power over the legislative power. The administrative power carried out great pressure over people. The party was founded in 1978 to make contact between the state and the society. It inherited so many tools, frames and organizational traditions of the other Egyptian Parties. The main task of the Democratic National Party and its ideological speech was to support the state policy whenever it was needed. 1990 represented elections of the powerful party. These elections did not represent the Egyptian people as a whole but a part of it. The part followed the Democratic National party. Thus, those who got the higher voices through fraud were members of the party. They controlled the parliament through fraud

This research deals with the subject of the political concepts stated in the Iraqi constitutions (1925-1958), especially the need of the Iraqi national movement for calling for enacting a constitution that is legislated by the Iraqis themselves appeared as an elected council commission.
After the establishment of the Iraqi State in August, 23, 1921 and after Prince Faysal Bin-al-Hussain became a king in Iraq, this king, during his speech in the ceremony of choosing him a king, pledged to enact a law for the kingdom. This was achieved in 1925 when the constitution was endorsed this year and this constitution was valid during the time of the monarchy era. The stages of enacting the constitution has been mentioned in addition to the freedom stipulated in it. Moreover, the adjustments on the constitution have been tackled. The constitution was terminated as a result of the events of the 14 of July Revolution in 1958. This revolution overthrew the whole monarchy regime in Iraq and abolished the constitution. Later on, a temporary constitution was enacted by the government of the revolution.

There is no doubt that the industries of Egypt in the Mamluk era were among the most prominent features of their civilization and the most brilliant, and most displayed in the Museum of Islamic Art in Cairo . Indeed Egypt was one of the main centers of Islamic industries, especially handicrafts. Whether civilian or military, its manufacture required effort, accuracy and patience. The most famous of these industries were the manufacture of knives, gilded pens, inlaid with jewels, golden and silver chains, bracelets and anklets of women and wooden industries such as the work of mashrabiyas and others, as well as the palm industry, which was popular in that era and had a great demand by Europeans for the accuracy of its manufacture and beauty, as well as other industries that will be discussed in the research and that contributed to the popularity of the Egyptian handicraft during the Mamluk era

Andalusian Arab women had a distinctive role in the flourishing of culture and the development of society, and there is no doubt that the emergence of the talents of these women, including poets, teachers, and scholars, is due to two main reasons. The first is the developed Andalusian environment and the tolerance in which they were found. And other parts of Andalusia, motivated people to adopt science and interest in disseminating it and taking great care of arts of all kinds and attracting scholars, poets and artists from the East, where they brought some women scientists to study their sons and daughters with language and jurisprudence. Literature and presentations Andalusian history books were celebrated by mentioning a number of women scholars in Andalusia, and among these books is the book of Nafah Al.tayyib from the drastic branch of Andalusia of the famous Andalusian historian Al- mqria. It is a large scientific encyclopedia on Andalusia, the first half of which guarantees the definition of Andalusia, while the second half of the Minister of Granada, Lisaan al-Din Ibn al-Khatib (d. 776 AH - 1356 CE), is appreciated and admired by him, and the book is composed of two trips of the reciter to Egypt and the Levant away from his homeland of Andalusia. Of importance to the subject of the study, reciter's ears singled out a whole chapter for Andalusian, women with their most prominent achievements

Hisbah (accountability) is one of the religious plans based on the command of virtue and prevention of vice. Hisbah is one of the most important interests, including the benefits of the people and the preservation of their money and regularity of their conditions. This profession requires the control of prices, the quality of goods, control of balances and prices. This role was played by the market overseer, which included both Muslims and non-Muslims, taking into account the conditions of the treaty. It was stipulated that the dhimmi people (non-Muslims living in an Islamic state with legal protection), should be treated within the limits of a new society based on the Islamic religion. It was deprived of a kind, set rituals and appointed manners that dhimmi must follow. It allows such people to coexist in an Islamic society that has its rules and requirements between lawful and non-lawful deeds to apply the principles and teachings of the Islamic religion. The Islamic State has not neglected to guarantee some of the freedoms it has allowed to the people of dhimmi. Such freedoms do not contradict the teachings of religion and the general principles of the Islamic State. This reflects its tolerance of its subjects of other religions, unlike some countries where other religions have been harmed and restricted to Muslims who pass or settle in that country. This research outlines the policy of the Islamic State to deal with the people of dhimmi through texts derived from the Holy Qur'an and the Prophet's Sunnah. In addition, the mention of practical practices in this regard is carried out by the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny) and the caliphs. In addition, it shows the role of the calculated in the performance of his supervisory role on the people of dhimmi. Besides, it shows us the supervision of the Prophet (peace be upon him) on the people of dhimmi and their transactions in the sales and forbidden the forbidden sales and the sanctity of its money. It was also clear that it is not permissible to tolerate the people of dhimmi in matters of religion and divine law because of the seriousness of this matter on Islam, and the covenant written during the reign of the second Alrrashid caliph Omar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah accept him) was the basis on which the relationship between the Islamic State and the people of dhimmi was based. He adopted it in the practice of his supervisory work on the people of dhimmi, which contained many religious, economic and social obligations that organized their public life in the Islamic State.

There is dialectic relation between education and economic development and close reciprocity between economic development and development of human resources as economic development required wide change in production , achievements and thinking in improving work powers , enrolling them in rehabilitating courses , raise their efficacy .Also enrolling them in training workshops , raise the work efficacy , giving them skills , abilities and abilities to endure and its capabilities that could make required development , any increase in production and increase of national fortunes by increase of production in services and goods and this is " an important source " for economic development and increase of the current yea balance.

The research deals with Iraq's position of the Lebanese civil war and the Efforts made by Iraq in order to stop the bleeding of this war, the research also deals with the nature of regime in Lebanon and the developments that preceded the war and the positions of the internal and external competing forces, as weu as handling the Iraqi Syrian disagreement and it's impaet on the situation of Lebanon and the war developments.
The research focused on the Iraq's position towards the externd proposed solutions to solve the Lebanese civil war

This research took a set of approach explanations to present
one of the common phenomena in Arabic, which is the
phenomenon (The Metathesis), which is considered one of the
transactional phonological phenomena in the sounds of word
structures such as symmetry, incoherence, disagreement,
verbalization, and others, aiming at achieving ease and facilitation
in pronunciation, but it differs from those The phenomena in
which the change in it is limited to the places of arrangement of
sounds in the structure of the word, And not in the voices; As the
speaker resorts to the use of this phenomenon represented by
introducing some letters of the word and delaying some of them
in the event that it is impossible to resort to symmetry,
contradiction, rationing, commutation, dip and other aspects of
bringing the sound closer to the sound in order to achieve
lightness and ease in pronunciation. Rather, the metathesis
occurred in the body of the approach due to the different
narratives of the commentator, and the research came in two
requests, the first: to define the approach of rhetoric and its
explanations, and the second: to study the metathesis in Nahj al-
Balaghah, which came in types according to the body of the
approach.

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between temperatures and some summer vegetable crops in Diyala Governorate during the period between 2007 and 2014.
There is an opportunity to increase the cultivation and production of these crops by solving some problems such as salinity, as well as the use of improved seeds and fertilization, which is available under the prevailing irrigation system in the governorate
The data was analysed using the correlation coefficient equation (Persen). The results showed a positive relationship between temperature and watermelon, okra and bean crops (0.09-0.30-0.66) respectively. On the other hand, a negative relationship was found between temperature and melon, pepper, tomato and cucumber crops (-0.46, -0.26, -0.36, -0.37) respectively.
The possibility of exposing the plants to damage increases as the temperature increases. Therefore, this study recommended that the crops should be protected from sunlight and high temperatures, by compensating them by providing additional irrigation water to compensate for the loss of high evaporation – transpiration

The Islamic civilization is a unique civilization because it is mixed from a group of different civilizations of the indigenous peoples, such as the Arab civilization, India, Iran, the Rafidian Valley and the Levant, the Nile Valley and North Africa, as well as the Christian civilization in the Iberian Peninsula (Andalusia) all of those civilizations And its different peoples in their civilized structure - material and moral - were mixed by the tolerant Islamic religion and formed among them the rise of a civilization known to mankind, and the non-Muslim elements had a prominent role in it, especially in the Umayyad and Abbasid eras. Islamism in its various fields, and the religious tolerance that the Islamic religion came with and applied by the Arab Islamic authority towards non-Muslim elements and components had a prominent role to make room for those elements to play their civilized role within the Islamic civilization, and among the problems of our research is the multiplicity of fields of research and also research in two different eras, the Umayyad and Abbasid, We focused on adopting the method of historical research and came to the conclusion that the Islamic civilization is the civilization of all Islamic peoples. But Basab is Arabic, which is the Arabic language, the language of the Holy Qur'an.

Floods in the light of the Iraqi parliament debates 1925-1958
Academic researchers are interested in the history of contemporary Iraq, especially issues related to social and economic affairs such as floods because of its importance in drawing features and dimensions of social and economic reality and its negative effects in this area. Therefore, this research, entitled "Floods in the Light of the Iraqi Parliament Discussions 1925-1958," comes a modest effort to cover part of this problem by revealing the positions and opinions of members of the House of Representatives, regarding floods in Iraq and how they were dealt with that problem.
The research included an introduction, preface, two axes and a conclusion, as well as a list of research sources. The preface was a prelude to the flood theme. The first axis included the opinions of the House of Representatives on the floods in the period 1925-1939. While the second axis contained the positions and opinions of the members of the House of Representatives on the floods in the period 1940-1958. The research concluded the most important conclusions reached by the researcher

The Holy Quran and the Prophetic Sunnah are considered as one of the important factors of the prospect of the Arab Islamic culture. On this basis, we can say that the Arab Islamic though represents the highest stages of organization and administrative theories by which it was characterized more than any other modern and contemporary administrative thought due to its close association to the Divine Doctrine which made it committed to ethics and religious values, making it an integrated complete though good for practical application in every time and place. The study consisted of an introduction and five axes addressing the concept of administration term and its origins in the Holy Quran, the Prophetic Sunnah and lexicons as well as the main administrative operations and the principles and objectives of administration. The study ended with the most important results and a list of endnotes and references.

The study and analysis of the effect of the legislative institution on directing foreign policies for American presidents requires knowledge of the nature of the political system of the United States of America, which consists of multiple institutions, each of which has its own system and responsibilities, and the nature of the parallel relationship with other government institutions.
Several institutions contribute to the American foreign decision-making process, and they are not limited to one institution or they are confined to specific ways and not others, but rather it is a complex process that is not drawn by the person of the president or a specific special apparatus, but rather it involves multiple institutions, each of which contributes to a specific role in the process of making The US foreign decision, and perhaps these multiple government institutions have the primary role in running them despite the difference in the nature of these parties or the extent of the influence of some of them by the size and percentage of participation.

The Iranian-Afghan relations passed through a severe crisis over ages due to the Iranian regime’s interference in the internal affairs of Afghanistan and its continuous efforts to change its regime. On the other hand, the Soviet Union tried hard to leave bridges open with Iran, and to take advantage of opportunities to expand its influence in Iran. This can be seen clearly through the exchanged visits that took place between officials from both countries, which resulted in achieving many economic and trade agreements.
In fact, the recent prosperity in Soviet-Iranian relations represents the Soviet Union’s endeavor to expand its influence in Iran at a time when the latter was trying to improve its relationship with the Soviets in order to influence it over the supply of weapons to confront Iraq and to take a more positive stance towards Iran.
The study concludes that it is difficult to anticipate the future prospects of the relationship between the two countries due to the severe political crisis between the two countries, and the internal chaos prevailing in each of them. It shows that in the case of the successful of the Soviet Union in stabilizing its influence over Afghanistan and strengthening the existing authority with a Marxist direction, it will try to consolidate relations with Iran. Consequently, the latter will meet such initiatives for matters related to its security on the one hand and the disparity of political systems on the other hand. The Iranian regime depends on Marxism. Thus, it is linked with the strategic policy of the Soviet Union in the region