Journal of The Iraqi University

Summary
God Almighty put in his great book secrets that do not end, and wonders that do not expire, for he is the one who does not satisfy the scholars, does not create in response to the abundance of response, and it is the comprehensive and inhibitory book that God makes it easy for the worlds, and he challenged the two heavyweights with it to bring something like it and the miracle of the Qur’an is something that does not need any inference ; Because everyone acknowledged their helplessness in the face of his miracles, and for this to be clearly evident, but the scholars differed in explaining the areas of his miracles. Some of them see that it is a statement only, and this is a limitation of the miracle of the Qur’an. Rather, the group claims miracles that are appropriate for their cultures, so limiting the miracle to the revelatory miracle only is inconsistent with the universality and comprehensiveness of the Islamic call, and even its extension to all generations over the time until the Hour of Judgment, while acknowledging the importance of The rhetorical miracle, the eternal religion needs a renewed miracle, even if the miracle is only graphic, then what is the appropriate discourse to invite non-Muslims who do not understand the language of the Qur’an, and even from Muslims in this time?At all times, a miracle appears in the Qur’an that suits the needs of the people of that time and their culture, for it is an eternal book, characterized by the ability to give, extend and respond to addressing the problems of the age and its variables, when the Arabs had little luck at the time of the message coming from the scientific culture, and their proficiency in the field of language; The graphical miracle aspect emerged to suit them, but in this time of scientific progress, the need for scientific miracles for the language of a call to prayer addressed to the invitees in the same language of their era.The scientific references contained in the Prophet’s Sunnah are among the most prominent indications that Muhammad, the Messenger of God, is the last of the Prophets and Messengers. Because the scientific preceded him from a thousand and four hundred years ago, and in a primitive environment that does not have the keys to knowledge and knowledge, in addition to his illiteracy, it cuts the way to those who say that Muhammad, the Messenger of God, received this knowledge from Buhaira, Waraqah ibn Nawfal, or others, and it is proven with no It leaves no room for doubt that the only source from which Muhammad, the Messenger of God, chose his teachings, is God, the Exalted be He.

Abstract
The altruism is a creation of the morals of the prophets and messengers peace be upon them, and the highest degrees of generosity and complete types of goodness, it is a characteristic of the righteous, and altruistic of the people of generosity and generosity and sacrifice, and evidence of the strength of faith and confidence, including mercy is a blessing for blessing in human money, To the hearts and strengthen the love between them, has embodied this creation of the high-profile Prophet, peace be upon him and the Prophet and the seal of the prophets and we have a good example has dealt with the issue of the concept of altruism in detail.Islam is the religion of instinct knows the nature of the human soul the frequency between right and wrong, there must be limits and controls in which the spirit controls the entity of the individual to balance them, and considered this instinct, which is the creation and did not leave it, but Tshbha and make it voluntary law goes according to the principles became selfish and monopoly sacrifice and altruism.

Abstract:
Summary This research concerned with studying the significance of pronouncement of the hand in the Qur’an kareem . It presented to the topic a first study in which it dealt with the connotation of words, the relationship of the word to meaning, and showed the nature of semantic relationships and their types of lexical, social, basic and marginal, and its truth and metaphor, and the effect of context in determining the meaning. Then he moved to a second topic in which he dealt with the true significance of the word hand, and he examined the different contexts of the Qur’anic verses in which the word “hand” was mentioned in its true meaning. In the third topic, he dealt with the metaphorical significance of the word hand when it moved from its true meaning to its various metaphorical meanings, so the research recorded it in its pages.

Research Summary
This study, tagged with (The Way of Proving the Beautiful Names from the Spirit of the Meanings of the Alous Imam) aims to highlight and explain the doctrinal approach of the Alousi Imam in the way of establishing the Beautiful Names, and to show the extent of his compatibility with the opinion of the Ash'ari and Maturid masters. In proving the beautiful names, the issue of reporting on God Almighty, the news of the Sundays and the proven names of the Most Beautiful, then after that the conclusion and the most important results

Summary
This research has a very great importance related to theft and its punishment, as it is an Islamic and juristic issue that concerns the condition of Muslims, so applying its punishment preserves societies from it, and security and safety prevail in it, especially in light of the spread of positive laws. In this research, I have defined the definition of theft, its types, its ruling, and its conditions, in terms of the conditions of the thief, and the stolen, and the stolen from it, and the stolen items in it, and the methods for proving it, and its punishment and the consequences of this punishment, and if the thief repented, and the harms of physical and psychological theft. It has taken conclusive evidence in terms of the Qur’an and the noble hadiths and the sayings of the jurists, may God Almighty have mercy on them and their books, in conclusion that stealing and clarifying its punishment are important issues in our time, and they are almost completely disrupted under the statutory laws. God Almighty is the wisest and most knowledgeable

Summary in English
After completing the topic with the grace of God Almighty, the research was summarized in brief words, as the topic is of great importance in religion, and the axis of what the subject revolves around and its content about facilitation and lack of hardship in the Sharia while taking precaution in matters related to broiler and obesity, as was clearly demonstrated in the fifth requirement, As well as the breadth of meanings and concepts carried by the language of the Qur’an and the Arabs and the ramifications of ramifications and branches of jurisprudence that have distinguished them from Other, and it is nothing but mercy for this Muhammadan nation, then we will see how the difference in pregnancy was to utter the truth or metaphor and the many different doctrinal implications of that pregnancy. From the topic, I have confined myself to the meaning of the term "touch and marriage" and the jurisprudential dispute that was built upon them among the jurists, may God Almighty have mercy on the.Before I entered the presentation of the sayings of jurists and their difference I showed something of the principles in terms of defining the difference language and terminology, the difference between the difference and the difference, and the reasons for the difference, and the definition of truth and metaphor language and idiom, and the type and arrangement and rule of truth and metaphor, and the types of evidence that is referred to metaphor without the truth, and when it becomes To the allegorical meaning process is based on a rule: (If the truth becomes impossible, it becomes a metaphor), as it are the gates to enter into the core of the subject and its content, and what the close relationship inherent between the jurisprudence and its origins, and in the last demand, I showed the effect of pregnancy to utter the truth and the metaphor in the jurisprudential rulings and the consequent jurisprudential differences Many ramifications, as it is the fruit of the dispute between the jurists, may God Almighty have mercy on them, regarding this topic of our research

Summary of the research
All Praises are due to Allah, Lord of the Worlds and may Allah exalt the mentioning of the Messenger of Allah and his family and his companions. To proceed:This research is titled: The name of Allah "al- Haadi" and its effect upon Eeman in firmly grounding belief.This research comprises of an introduction, prelude and four topics with a conclusion and contents as follows:The introduction: I mentioned the problems with the research its objectives and its methodology.The prelude: I clarified the creed of Ahlus-Sunnah wal-Jama'ah with regards to the Names of Allah- the Most Exalted-and their principles regarding it. The first topic: I mentioned in it the reality of the name of Allah-the Most Exalted- "al-Haadi" and it consists of the linguistic and legislative definition of guidance and a clarification of the name al-Haadi, as well as the types of guidance according to Ahlus-Sunnah wal-Jama'ah.The second topic: I mentioned the difference between the scholars and their statements regarding the affirmation of the name "al-Haadi" for Allah- the Most exalted- and I mentioned the proofs in this regard as well as a discussion of the proofs of the opposition. The third topic: I clarified the matter of guidance and misguidance according to the sects of the M'utazilah and Ashaa'irah, and I narrated the statements of the scholars of each sect in this issue as well as their proofs and discussed this in light of the creed of Ahlus-Sunnah wal-Jama'ah.The fourth topic: I clarified the effect that Allah's name "al-Haadi" has upon one's faith in firmly establishing the creed and mentioned a number of effects, amongst which are : Reverence of Allah -High is Allah above every imperfection and need, he is pure and perfect - loving Him, exhibiting one's need of guidance from Him and His aid, being aware of impediments of guidance, and guiding the people to Allah -the Most Exalted-and getting the children to worship Allah with this name. The conclusion: I attached a general contents page at the end of the research with the references, and another contents containing the topics of he research.With that, the summary of the research is concluded, and All Praises are due to Allah, Lord of the Worlds and may Allah exalt the mentioning of the Messenger of Allah and his family and his companions and send peace upon them in abundance.

Abstract:
This study is an attempt to present the sayings of scholars on the issue of the rule of the imitator’s belief in the fundamentals of religion. Is his faith valid in tradition without establishing evidence for it? The mind has a share, otherwise the faith of the nullified would be equal to the faith of the righteous. Because both of them did not know the face of the evidence or not, accompanied by all of this with the presentation of evidence for each team, and what they answered on the other team, then concluded the research with the most correct statement of statements, then the conclusion and the sources.

ABSTRACT
The current research deals with one of the most important doctrinal issues, namely the issue of insulting the companions of the prophet(peace be upon him), one of the most important findings of this research is the modern mental school's men appeal against the companions of the prophet(peace be upon him), and insulting their justice without neither argument nor evidence based on authentic hadiths on the pretext of their lack of control and justice. Among the most important recommendations is the establishment of a specialized center for the defense of the companions of the prophet (peace be upon him), upon which the scholars and specialists will rely.Key words for the research: Modern mental school - Companion

Abstract
In the name of God, the most Gracious, the most Merciful.Praise be to God ,Lord of the worlds ,and prayer .And peace be upon Ashraf Muhammad (may God bless him and grant him peace )and all his companions and companions .The Holy Quran is an impressive book,chilling out of skin .He who fears their Lord .There is a miracle in which this study (stations of forgiveness the Holy Quran rhetorical study) is a study of the rhetorical arts contained therein .It consisted of an introduction and three different chapters.From each rhetorical method ,and then concluded with the general results of the research that was followed by the most important sources indispensable to any last ,researcher ,whom we adopted in this study,I would like to thank the supervisor and everyone who helped and stopped me .To get this effort out of the light ,I ask God Almighty to accept this work and put it in the balance of our good deeds on the day of Resurrection.

Introduction
The employee's legal status in civil service legislation is characterized as one of the objective or organizational legal centers to denote the generality of the content of these centers، which are distinguished by the fact that their content is the same and homogeneous for all employees. ، But this right is required for its work to provide a set of conditions that may not be available to all employees depending on the educational qualification or the job position What is required by the instructions of the job description guide issued by the Ministry of Finance، and so the employees ’shares vary in terms of promotion، so the employee’s right to promotion for holders of some educational qualifications (such as diploma or junior high or less) depends at certain job grades، and therefore cannot be promoted when those grades are reached This is what is called within the framework of the instructions of the executive authority (housing)، and the importance of this issue in relation to its impact on the legal centers of the employees was chosen to be the subject of our research، in which the study will be carried out according to the following plan:

Abstract:
Turkey has gone through economic, social and political transformations that have tangibly affected the legal and legislative structure, and that is why these changes came to keep pace with economic and social developments in some cases and to download contents that the legislator decided to put in the ranks of constitutional principles at other times. Key words:TURKEY – civil Law – family.

Abstract
This research came in order to study the nature of French-German relations, under the French Republic, the Fifth French Republic, especially during the reign of its founder Charles de Gaulle, who rejected NATO as a framework through which to define French-German relations, and chose instead to gradually re-establish a direct personal relationship. Between him and German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer, the presidency of Charles de Gaulle constituted a decisive period for French-German relations, and witnessed rapprochement and many conflicts, and President Charles de Gaulle never ceased French-German reconciliation as an end in itself, but was the basis for reshaping Europe and enabling the continent to overcome divisions Inherited from the Cold War, the research was divided into four sections, firstly: I was interested in the beginning of French-German relations, and secondly: it was about closer relations between France and Germany through mutual visits between the two sides, and third: it was about the weakness of French-German relations, and fourthly: French-German relations, and then the end of the rule of French President Charles de Gaulle.

Abstract
trader, traveler , He moved his trade amongIbn Hawqal is an Iraqi conductive many countries by virtue of his commercial work, so he practiced buying and selling in the countries he visited. He was in direct contact with the economic and financial aspects in those regions and districts, including Iraq. Ibn Hawqal talked about the cities of Iraq and Baghdad in particular, since its construction the Al-Omran movement started, where economic and social institutions were built. It is famous for being an important cultural and commercial center He diagnosed commercial activity in its markets, as he noticed that agricultural production had the highest level in the markets of Iraqi cities. Ibn Hawqal was able to link the abundance of agricultural production with its economic and financial increase, which was supplied by the diversity of agricultural crops produced by the land of this country, which was characterized by the fertility of its land, its abundance of water, and the sweetness of its air. All of these comments participated in the activity of the Iraqi markets on the eve of taking them by Ibn Hawqal (d. After 367 AH / 978 AD) in his precious book (The Image of the Earth). Ibn Hawqal's narrations were not limited to what he saw and wrote about economic and financial activity in Iraq, but rather dealt with this activity in other countries, including the Levant, Egypt, North Africa and sub-Saharan Africa. Often, Ibn Hawqal used to refer to the distances between cities that they use while traveling between these faraway countries. But it is not a feature of this research is limited to study the narration about Iraq not other Countries unmentioned in the book the Image of the Earth.

Abstract
That the study of the legal system for the withdrawal of electronic works was the result of technological progress in the field of information technology, in order to keep abreast of these developments in these years, and the possibility of legal rules in force to regulate and address the problems that can be raised in the work of this axis.It is known that the copyright to withdraw the work after publication in general is a moral rights, the legal problem raised by this research, is the extent to which the digital work can be withdrawn from the electronic base by the electronic publisher ?, Is the author's exercise of this right does not entail an obligation before the contractor ?.We found that most legislations grant the right to withdraw a digital work if certain conditions are met, even though the legislation is incompatible with the conditions required for the possibility of withdrawing the electronic work. Furthermore, the author is obliged in exchange for exercising his right to compensate the electronic publisher fairly for the inflicted damages to the latter. Damages due to recourse after publication, although the international agreements did not contain an explicit reference to the withdrawal of the publication despite the text on some other moral rights, but we can say that this right implicitly.Keywords : digital works, electronic publisher, right of withdrawal, international agreements.

Extract
The legal provisions in the Iraqi commercial law and comparative law have been highlighted, which are both the Egyptian commercial law and the Kuwaiti commercial law in addition to the Geneva Unified Law. Abstract signatures are also among the most important data of the mandatory commercial paper due to the multiplicity and seriousness of signatures in a single commercial paper, and the importance of Abstract signatures are of great importance in the volume of daily dealings with these securities, especially the instruments that may reach hundreds of thousands of transactions daily. The legal regulation must take into account this type of importance and this huge amount of dealings. We also discussed in the study the main simplified division that depends on its title, which is the abstract signature of the appearance, the abstract signature of the respondent and the respondent, and the abstract signature of the guarantor.

The aim of the current research is to develop university integration and reduce emotional drought among students of internal departments at Tikrit University, as well as to identify the effectiveness of the counseling program in developing university integration for students with emotional drought, and to achieve the goals of the research several hypotheses were formulated to verify the effectiveness of the program, and the researchers adopted the experimental approach To verify the research hypotheses, the experimental research sample consisted of 60 students who obtained the lowest scores on the scale of university integration and the highest scores on the emotional drought scale, and the two researchers built the two scales, and the psychometric properties (honesty and consistency) were verified, then the two researchers built the counseling program, and they were done Verify the validity of the program by presenting it to a group of specialists, and the two researchers reached results, including: a statement of the effectiveness and efficiency of the program as the level of emotional drought decreased, and the levels of university integration increased with the experimental group.

Abstract
The current research studies the possibility of applying the requirements of soft manufacturing as one of the modern topics that emerged as a result of the rapid developments in the business world, namely the development of information systems and the spread of computer and the Internet in the world and its use in the management of productive and service companies, thus increasing the efficiency of its administrative work. The need of applying the requirements of industrialization in its work and to take advantage of its advantages, perhaps the most important to eliminate waste and loss in production processes and thus reduce production costs, achieving survival and continuing in the face of intense competition for Business organizations and industrial companies and thus achieve competitive advantages for companies and stay under the laws of the jungle practiced by organizations in general.The research uses Samarra Drugs factory to be as a field to apply this research. The researcher adopted the questionnaire method as a main tool for collecting data and information in the practical aspect of the research. In order to achieve the objective and hypothesis of the research, The sample was (30) individuals. A number of conclusions were reached which confirmed the company's interest in the overall productive maintenance and rapid change in the production processes. In view of the conclusions reached by the company, Connect to it, the researcher provides a number of recommendations, notably the need to apply the requirements of industrialization Volant so as to enhance the achievement of the competitive advantage of the company surveyed.Keywords: Applying of Requirements, Soft Manufacturing.
المقدمة:

Abstract
This study aimed to identify and stand on the importance of corporate governance and its impact on the internal audit in banking sector and a group of Iraqi banks. Also the sample study included a (25) responsive from the auditors, managers of the internal audit and workers in the accounting and internal audit departments in these banks. The sample was basically comprises of nine Iraqi banks.The findings reveals that the excellent performance of the internal audit helps to make right decisions for the benefit of the company and by turn works on the existence of an effective working mechanism between the stakeholders and the Board of Directors. So as to ensure the continuity of the company. Besides, the corporate governance has a significant impact on the evaluation and improvement of internal audit system.In light of the findings the study made several recommendations, which is the most important was to emphasize on the importance of corporate governance and its effective role in the development of internal audit. Moreover, It is advisable to configure performance quality control department, which is in turn contributes to increasing the effectiveness of the external and internal audit.

Abstract:
Disclosing social responsibility in progress reports is a starting point for analyzing and evaluating those reports, a prerequisite for raising the company’s value in the stock market, and maintains a balance between the interests of economic units and community rights by periodically achieving social performance indicators. The fact that accounting for social responsibility information is periodically deficient in interim financial reporting is a point of interest and requires research, as it affects the requirements of sustainable development goals and the efficiency of the decision model.The research aims to try to analyze and assess the content of interim financial reports and overcome their deficiencies by including accounting information on social responsibility that supports sustainable development requirements by reducing business risks, and identifying the information portals that meet the needs of stakeholders and capital markets. And to determine the content of the Social responsibility Report information in Iraq according to the requirements of the Global Initiative.The study was conducted among the companies listed on the Iraqi Stock Exchange in the ISX60 index, and the statistical package for social sciences, known as SPSS, version 22, was used. The research found the accuracy of the hypothesis that there is a decrease in the level of disclosure of social responsibility in the company reports the sample research and that the analysis and evaluation of disclosure in the progress reports provides appropriate information for decision-makers, The study recommended, through its findings, that the current disclosure of social responsibility information should be supported and that companies forming the Iraqi index should be required to prepare social responsibility reports according to the (GRI) framework. Research has been based on simple measures and a correlation coefficient test to determine how the existence of accounting for social responsibility affects the existence of other indicators. The research found that the impact of accounting disclosure on social responsibility in progress reports had been on the provision of financial and non-financial information to support sustainability reports and meet the needs of stakeholders.Keyword: Company progress Reports, Gri Principles, Social responsibility Disclosure.

Abstract
The research aims to study the evaluation quality in e-learning via tracking the types of appropriate evaluations and stating the standards and characteristics necessary for the quality of these evaluations. By adopting the descriptive analytical approach, Several results were concluded from the research, for example, the evaluation tasks in e-learning vary among projects, reports, and open book and performance tests, and that the remote evaluation represents the most difficult challenge in e-learning, for the intention of which is for students to demonstrate their learning and the adequacy of dealing with content, not just accomplishing the task. Furthermore, the issue of integrity is one of the most important qualitative indicators of the quality of remote evaluation. Therefore, great attention should be given to evaluation methods that reduce or prevent cheating, such as the open book test and oral exam. The use of questions prepared for the closed book system -in the case of the open book system- is not appropriate, as the latter reflects a high understanding of the content and the skills associated with it, and not merely recalling information from memory.
Key words: quality, evaluation, e-learning.

Abstract:
The research aims to measure psychological burnout and its relationship to the stress management strategy of a sample of n students at the University of Baghdad, and studies indicate that psychological burnout is something that individuals feel from exhaustion, fatigue, and tension. Building, and resorting to the individual to manage the problem resulting from stressful situations in his life and try to control and control. The current research sample consisted of (400) male and female students, by (100) from the College of Arts, (100) from the College of Administration and Economics, (100) from the College of Science, (100) from the College of Science, distributed evenly, by (200) for male students and (200) for students. The female researcher relied on the relational approach and prepared a scale for the variables of the current research and after analyzing the data and treating them statistically, she reached the following results: that the research sample is characterized by psychological combustion and that the male sample is not different from the female sample in psychological combustion. The male sample does not differ from the female sample in the stress management strategy. The results concluded that there is a negative correlation between psychological burnout and the stress management strategy. The researcher came out with a set of recommendations and suggestions.

Abstract :
The translation of holy Quran to different languages of the world has widened for a long time specially the Persian Language. The process of translation of the holy Quran increased in the present time because of scope of the general knowledge among Iranians has widened in addition to the turn they make toward studying the holy Quran and religious sciences and interest in their meanings.
On the other hand, the accuracy of translation of the holy Quran has a very special importance because of the holiness of the text of Quran as well as the importance of its vocabulary and meaning in the mind and action of every Muslim. However, the current translations have some defects and mistakes. Until our present day, the translators could not introduce a perfect and ideal translation for the holy Quran.
Among these translations, the interpretive translation of Dr. Mustafa Khurramdel which has the title “Tafseer Al-Noor”. It is one valuable translations of the holy Quran with a short interpretation and word explanations in the footnotes. Unfortunately, it is not empty of defects and mistakes and needs study and criticism. The scholar tries in this research paper through analytical – descriptive style as well as consulting different references, including lexicons and interpretation and other translations of the holy Quran, to show the good features of this translation and its characteristics in addition to the mistakes and defects that appeared in it the Field Of Words And Structure.
Keywords : translation of Quran , Tafsser Al-Noor, Mustafa Khuramdel, study of translation , Words And Structure.

Abstract : The nanocomposite with the composition xBa07Sr03TiO3 + 1-x BaFe12O19 with ratio (x=90,70,50)% was synthesized by sol-gel auto composition method Both of electrical and structural properties of nanocomposite investigated and discussed and reported The nanosized composite was confirmed using XRD technique SEM and EDX The electrical properties such a dc and ac conductivity dielectric loss factor (εr) and dielectric constant (ε'r) was investigated as a function of frequency from(50 Hz to 1 MHz ) by using LCR meter Device The results of X-ray Diffract meter show that the samples have two phase tetragonal for Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3 and Hexagonal for BaFe12O19 and all prepared samples are in nanoscale size (21-54) nm and porosity decreases with increasing the overlay ratios to minimum value(28.1)% at ratio of composition (50%) Dielectric Strength was studied as a function of overlay ratio.
Keywords: Composites, ferroelectric, auto combustion, XRD, SEM, EDX, Structural Properties.

Abstract
The paper presents a comparative study to the theme of escape in two novels namely Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884), and Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man (1952). Each text reflects its own period and circumstances. Consequently, the theme of escape undergoes a different meaning, and reading as a result of the political, social, and moral changes.The paper is divided into four sections: Section One presents an introduction to the significance of the theme of escape for the two novelists, and their novels; Section Two tackles the escape journey of a boy named Huckleberry or Huck from the false civilization of the town to freedom in Mississippi River with the slave Jim Turner, and analyses the implication of escape in the novel. There are two runaways—one from an abusive father, and the other from slavery—went straight to the heart of the question: what does it mean to be free? Section Three studies the escape journey of the nameless invisible young man who suffered racial discrimination, and deception towards self-assertion, and the discovery of the self. He undertakes a journey of searching for his personality when he becomes aware of his invisibility before himself firstly, then before society. Section Four presents the conclusion which brings the important points of the study to light.