Journal of The Iraqi University

I discussed in this study the time between the call for prayer and iqamah establishing. I divided it into an introduction, two sections and a conclusion. In the introduction I outlined the study topic, problem, questions, objectives, importance, plan, methods, and a literature review. I divided the first section to six parts that are dedicated to the hadith study. The first part discussed the hadiths about the time between prayer call and iqamah establishing for dawn prayer, the second the hadiths about noon prayer, the third the hadiths about asr prayer, the fourth the hadiths about dusk prayer, the fifth the hadiths about isha prayer, and the sixth the hadiths pertaining to all prayers. The second section included the juristic study that covered the opinions of the four Islamic schools of thought with regard to the topic I also added the views of some late scholars. I concluded with the study results and recommendations and I added authors and resources and references list.

Research Summary
Praise be to God. We praise him, seek help, seek his help, seek forgiveness, and seek refuge with him from the evils of ourselves and the sins of our deeds.As for The jurists have methods that they follow in deriving rulings, and in order to understand these methods, it is necessary to extrapolate the rulings to reach the world’s approach in deducing it, to enlighten us the way in understanding how to deal with texts. Imam Al-Awza’i Abd al-Rahman bin Amr bin Yahmed, the imam of the people of the Levant, was from the seventh class of the great followers of the Tabi'een, the trust of Jalil Hafez, and Ibn Hajar and al-Dhahabi trusted him
His knowledge and creation praised by many scholars. He used to think that knowledge should be received by people verbally, not in the pages of books, because of the ease of tucking and distortion in books, and this may be one of the reasons for the scarcity of his books, which were lost after the earthquake that struck the Levant, and as a result of this we did not find his approach through his writings but through what He was quoted in the books of those who followed him.In order to reach the desired result, we presented the fundamental evidence, then extracted the views of the Imam from books and explained the rules that he follows in issuing his judgments and what are the evidences that he invokes, and we have reached the following results:
1. Imam Al-Awza’i is in front of a mujtahid and not a mujtahid. He bases his rulings on the evidence that he has and is convinced of the strength of this evidence.
2. Imam Al-Awza’i depends mainly on the Qur’an and the Sunnah, so if he did not find the ruling in them, he moved to the rest of the evidence, according to the strength of the evidence.
3. Ijma is an argument for the Imam, and he said with the authority of the types of consensus, but he used to provide consensus in the private over the consensus of the public, and he invoked the consensus of the common people, but the ruling was not based on him alone, but rather he was quoted to strengthen the ruling that he reached.
4. Measurement is his argument, and he depends on it in many of the rulings that he deduces.
5. The saying of the Companions of the Messenger of God is a Static proof for him and he does not leave it after the Book of God and the Sunnah of His Prophet if he finds a way for that.
6. Blocking the excuses is evidence that the Imam cited as evidence, but he did not accept it in all of the rulings, as there are many rulings in which others disagreed with those who said that the excuse is blocking them.
7. The acquisition of the original is used as evidence by the Imam, and he used it in his rulings.
8. The Imam worked hard in some of his rulings and said about the issue according to his opinion.
9. Approval is not an evidence that the Imam invoke in his rulings, since I did not find for him an issue that he cited Approval as evidence.

The study reaches the following conclusions the poetry of Al-shareef Al-rady is abundant with rhythmical similarity among the poetic lines al- rady has followed the same external rhythm of old Arabic poetry , yet he shows internal rhythmical innovations in his poems. The tone of most of his poems is musical which is a quality that stems from his mastery of rhythms the vanity of the rhythmical patterns is a result of the poets use of meters especially the three feel meter the poet rarely uses repetition of words or phonses in his poems

Abstract
All the previous nations had religious and worldly strife appearing in them, and our Islamic nation, like other previous nations, had different temptations throughout the ages, which would have inflicted this nation in the most severe calamities, and some of those temptations were the result of different understandings, and a wrong understanding is indicative of The lack of perception of its owner, which is not indicative of the lack of Islamic law Because it is well known that there is no defect or defect in a complete law, except that some of the temptations come under the heading of the general calamity that befalls the whole society. Whereas our country - Iraq - was at the forefront of Islamic countries that had the best fortune from all these strife, especially what happened in it from the recent war that made it an open arena for the emergence of many strife, which was at the forefront of insecurity and instability, the last of which was the Corona pandemic and what The whole world came from a curfew and a home quarantine. I felt that some Muslims were gradually moving away from their religion, and this was the direct reason for choosing this topic. The researcher dealt with the methodological procedures and steps that were followed in the field study related to the impact of tribulations, tribulations and adversities on the belief Al-Muslim An applied study on the impact of the Corona virus pandemic on the Iraqi youth for the period from 1/9/2020 until 1/10/2020 AD.

This research paper deals with the topic: (Legislative Miracles and Jurisprudential Verdicts Inferred from the Multiplicity of Readings - Verses of Verdicts in Al-Baqarah Chapter as a Model). The verses of the various verdicts to their reading in Al-Baqarah chapter are characterized. They are five verses as mentioned in the books of readings, with the aspects of the Quranic readings which are briefly mentioned in each verse.This research has dealt with the legislative miracles in these verses in a way that shows the seriousness of the Qur’an legislation. This way has also emphasized how Almighty Allah (God) has made in every assignment a significant interest that does not change with the passage of time and the different places. Consequently, it proves the importance of miracles.The study also tackles the jurisprudential verdicts inferred from those verses based on the eight schools of thought. And also confirms how the variety of readings affected the jurisprudential judgment and the collection of opinions on one issue.

The Marin tribe is considered one of the tribes that inhabited the countries of the Almaghrib Al\'aqsaa, and settled in it after it took control of the rule. It was not only a pioneer in the political and military side, but left a civilizational impact that contributed greatly to building and developing the civilization of the Islamic Maghreb, and this was evident through what was built by princes and sultans of Beni Marin from educational institutions, mosques and sciences. The history books witnessed their achievements in unifying the countries of the Maghreb after it was suffering from the division into (lower - middle - far) Morocco and it was unified during the era of Prince Yaqoub bin Abdul Haq, so that it would be under the banner of Bani Marin. Then they crossed to Andalusia in response to the shouts called by the Banu al-Ahmar in Granada to repel the Spanish attacks on the Islamic Andalusian cities.

This research aims to shed light on the study and analysis of effective-ness of fiscal policy in tackling poverty problem in Iraq for period 2004-2018, considering that the fiscal policy is one of the most important part in macroeconomic policy that plays a prominent role by using diversification tools and mechanisms in addressing or reducing poverty. Finally main findings have shown the government must play an active role in the implementation and success of fiscal policy tasks in Iraq through its tools and mechanisms while maintaining the aim of achieving a fair distribution of income and providing employment opportunities for the largest possible segment of the labor force, and thus we will reduce the poverty rate.
Key words: fiscal policy, poverty, and social insurance

China is considered in the international balance for the two countries is considered in the modern and contemporary history as reflective mirror for Russia state …. Only china has adopted its revolutionary experience and its political liberation thoughts, make use of its geostatic location adjacent to Russia from one side and its interior conditions on the other side, china suffer from class and social persecution ,china found during the leadership of Mao Zed, that it is the only hope to rescue from slavery and injustice, he introduced the social philosophy principles and crystalized it within a group of thoughts formed an ideology for the Chinese society via a series of events, agreements and reforms with the soviet union(previously) and it was during this period as distinguished characteristic of the two countries relations between the two countries , the instability, their relation was depended on interest sometimes and others depended at other times.The researcher has divided the research into sections and many topics, first the first section titled features of the soviet- china historical relations 1923-1939 divided in to, first the Russian revolution, second, the chinses communist party, the second section titled, the Russian agreements effect in 1924 in the political ideology of the two countries relations, included, first, Maozi and his role in the political ideology 1927-1939 in china, second, fundamentals of soviet- china relation 1940-1950 under the international changes, third , discusses: evaluation the soviet-china treaty in 1950 and its influence in relation between the two countries, the researcher concluded with a conclusion, with the important subjects related with the social and communist ideology influence in republic of china, the study depended the descriptive analytical approach in analyzing the events, for describing the phenomenon alone is not enough without analyzing it, the study problem via shedding light on extents of the two countries influence regarding the ideology and philosophical aspect of Russia regime in the china political ideology since its starting and the way it has official method for the political system for the country.

The amazing development in the field of digital computing has led to the emergence of the Cybespzce virtual community, which is the link between members of society in a way that contributes to creating a type of interaction and integration between members of society using various means of communication. The frequency spectrum is the basis on which wireless communication networks are built, but it is the mainstay and basis of these communications, and it cannot be in any way possible without its presence, and it is a limited natural resource available through the air in the air within specific geographical limits according to the scope of the communication network and the feeding of the Internet. Although the Iraqi legislator addressed the issue of telecommunications regulation through his legislation of the Wireless Communications Law No. (159) of 1980, and Murr No. (65) of 2004 issued by the Coalition Provisional Authority (the Iraqi Communications and Media Commission), he did not report the crime of unauthorized use of the Internet's frequency spectrum. He did not regulate it in clear texts and left its order to the general rules, unlike the Egyptian legislator who regulated this crime in the Telecommunications Regulatory Law No. 10 of 2003 in Article 21 thereof and defined its forms and pillars.This brief study was a modest contribution to shed light on the crime of unauthorized use of the radio spectrum of the Internet and to clarify the position of the Iraqi legislator regarding it and to know the position of the Iraqi judiciary on this new crime

Every nation has its own pride, and this is the case of the Arabs who were proud of their language and were famous for their language and their language. They kept their language the most conservative. In this study we highlighted the rapprochement between Arabic and Persian. It was difficult to judge the origin of the words whether he was an old Persian or an Arab.
The effect is mutual between Persian and Arabic, making the Persians adhere very much to the grammar of the language, including the (sound) to understand the origins of these words and derive them, we chose (the dictionary of Persian words Arabic)

The current research studies the possibility of applying the requirements of soft manufacturing as one of the modern topics that emerged as a result of the rapid developments in the business world, namely the development of information systems and the spread of computer and the Internet in the world and its use in the management of productive and service companies, thus increasing the efficiency of its administrative work. The need of applying the requirements of industrialization in its work and to take advantage of its advantages, perhaps the most important to eliminate waste and loss in production processes and thus reduce production costs, achieving survival and continuing in the face of intense competition for Business organizations and industrial companies and thus achieve competitive advantages for companies and stay under the laws of the jungle practiced by organizations in general.
The research uses Samarra Drugs factory to be as a field to apply this research. The researcher adopted the questionnaire method as a main tool for collecting data and information in the practical aspect of the research. In order to achieve the objective and hypothesis of the research, The sample was (30) individuals. A number of conclusions were reached which confirmed the company's interest in the overall productive maintenance and rapid change in the production processes. In view of the conclusions reached by the company, Connect to it, the researcher provides a number of recommendations, notably the need to apply the requirements of industrialization Volant so as to enhance the achievement of the competitive advantage of the company surveyed.

The study aims to test the effect of population growth indicators on economic growth, representing the growth of gross national income in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the period from 2005 - 2019 by applying simple regression tests, which showed that there is a positive relationship between population growth and higher rates of gross national income growth, The results showed that the population growth contributes 32% to the growth in the national income, and the positive regression analysis results also showed that an increase in population growth by one unit leads to raising the national income growth by 3.8 units. The study recommended investment in capital. Al-Human, by raising the levels of learning among all the people of the Kingdom ، The study also recommended maintaining stable rates of population increase, and finding effective measures to correct the structure in the population distribution and not to concentrate it in cities rather than rural areas.

Day after day, the importance of increasing science and scientific research and technology in the world, especially in developed countries with a view of atheist and the twentieth century at a time when most Third World countries facing a state of decline in the importance of scientific research and innovation and modern knowledge and the use of techniques and mechanisms developed, the research and development requires fiscal spending developed countries have been characterized by high spending on research and development level while the third world countries characterized by weak spending on research and development.The research aims to find out the impact of spending on research and development for the year 2013 in the number of researchers per million inhabitants in 2014, knowing the effect of the number of researchers per million inhabitants in 2014, which represents a variable mediator in the Global Innovation Index 2015 research found several results of
First, the statistical test, Pearson correlation coefficient:
1. signal is positive between spending on R & D and index scientific innovation, which means that the correlation between them is a direct correlation This means that the increase in spending on research and development leading to increased scientific innovation index, and the correlation force formed (0.800), which means that there is a very good link between spending on research and development and scientific innovation index.
2. Signal positive between the number of researchers per million inhabitants, followed by scientific innovation, which means that the correlation between them is A. positive relationship and that means increasing the number of researchers per million population leads to increased scientific innovation index, and the correlation force formed (0.823), which means that there is a good correlation so between the number of researchers per million inhabitants and index scientific innovation

The study of different criteria for climatic comfort and its application to Iraq as a temperature – Humidity and a feeling of happiness and pleasure provides a scientific material useful in understanding the reality and different levels of comfort, it helps in determining the monthly patterns of the physiological climate, and in the appointment of the best times and places and most suitable for the comfort of the human body for the exploitation and development for tourism purposes, In addition to other practical benefits in various fields such as environmental, geographic, medical, military and other sciences.

This research will study the impact of the climatic conditions in the province of Governorate of Wasit on human heat comfort. To illustrate the most influential elements on the human climatic comfort. Some factors were applied to measure the thermal comfort, including the presumption affecting the heat temperature, the presumption of wind, and the outline of Singer for the purpose of access to determine the levels of comfort in the study area. As it indicated by the evidence relied on this research to determine the best months thermally comfortable for humans and to determine the months that will be uncomfortable during the day and the night and the whole day to give more realistic result of the thermal comfort in the province of Governorate of Wasit.
The study concluded that each of the months (April and October) are ideal for the convenience of the human comfort among the rest of the months of the year in most of the evidence used in the province of Wasit . The proportion ranged comfortable months in this study was between (16 - 58. %) of the months of the year. While the discomfort months was ranged between (42-84%).

The woman liberated issue consider as one of many issues that all cinema directors tried to express about it and deal with many social issues in realistic way through article items leads to focus on these issues . through that the director Mohammed Khan by his move try to deal with women personality and her liberated in his movies . In present study his films (An appointment for dinner ) has taken as a model for analysis through divided study into chapters , First one contain the study problem , Importance ,aims with limitation and terminology. The second chapter divided into two parts ,first one taked liberated women issues with most important opinion for their calling to women liberated while ,part two showed the using of cinematic article principles to express about women issues and their struggle for liberating ,Third chapter contain research tool concluded by research through theoretical indicators and using it in move with employ the principle of cinema langnag which they are film narrative ,photography (angle , size and movement with montage, place , time .voice) then researcher analysis sample move( an appointment an dinner) to reached to chapter four which contain results conclusion and recommendation , Finally the references