Diyala Journal of Human Research

Knowing the excess letters in Arabic language is considered the main branch of the morphological researches in studying the language . These letters include the letters of assets ( Al-ASwl ) which form the structure of the word . They seem as a part of it and perform a role in completing the meaning as well as the role of the other letters of assets ( Al-Aswl ) , therefore the excess of letters is accepted with the original in the case of derivation to complete the meaning and refer to it .
For this precise and accurate view of the rules of the morphological subject in the excess letters in the constructing of Arabic speech and connect it with a large required significance ( the meaning ) , the study of Ibin-Saedaho is distinguished of studying this pattern of research and it mostly received his instructions for these letters and their analysis from the owners of meanings . His comments on their sayings came in agreement – mostly- and supported them with proving evidence .

Flow line maps are considered as one of The Cartographic methods which declaring Phenomena of flow and movement from one place to another This type of maps has been used to show the traffic movements in Baqubah city and the street of Diyala university in that ,this study includes many sections the first what is flow line maps ,steps of making it ,its Technical problems ,and its application ,the second section Talked about the studied street network of Baqubah city while the third section included reasons of traffic jam and the Methods of measuring it ,the last section diseases the use of traffic counting adopted for drawing traffic flow maps in Baqubah city streets ,which represented with tow maps One of them illustrated traffic flow in streets of Baqubah during official working ,others while spring holiday for Diyala university ,to clear the impact of university in the traffic transportation inside Baqubah city ,then the study comes with Conclusions and recommendations.

Flow line maps are considered as one of The Cartographic methods which declaring Phenomena of flow and movement from one place to another This type of maps has been used to show the traffic movements in Baqubah city and the street of Diyala university in that ,this study includes many sections the first what is flow line maps ,steps of making it ,its Technical problems ,and its application ,the second section Talked about the studied street network of Baqubah city while the third section included reasons of traffic jam and the Methods of measuring it ,the last section diseases the use of traffic counting adopted for drawing traffic flow maps in Baqubah city streets ,which represented with tow maps One of them illustrated traffic flow in streets of Baqubah during official working ,others while spring holiday for Diyala university ,to clear the impact of university in the traffic transportation inside Baqubah city ,then the study comes with Conclusions and recommendations.

The study deals with importance of the virtual academic learning and the role of the virtual academic institution in providing the social and economic sectors with technological skills that are able to tackle the recent technology actively. It also deals with some universal and Arabian experiments which are concerned with the virtual university and how it is possible to benefit from in developing an idea of Iraqi virtual university. This idea is based upon a number of principles that support building Iraqi local virtual university as a result of a need for that.
For putting this into action, the researcher developed a questionnaire which consists of eight fields that covered ( concept , objectives , reasons , organizational hierarchies , administrative hierarchies , acceptance terms , funding resources and programs ) . Each field consists of a number of sub-items. The questionnaire has been exposed to a jury to give their points about it. After that, it was exposed to a random sample which consists of 20 university instructors from the university of Diyala in order to show how the items of the instrument are acceptable procedurally for the suggestion. After getting the results, they have been adopted to build the suggested conception , and the end of the paper , a number of conclusions , recommendations and suggestions have been put forward.

The research aims to identify the relationship between personal style undergraduate (sensory and intuitive) by two variable the urbanization and gender, the sample consisted of 80 students from first grade students in the Faculties of Physical Education and Fine Arts for the academic year 2010-2011 the sample was divided equally according to the variables of the research. To achieve the objective of this research adopted the researcher on a scale (Myers &Brigges), the researchers then applied to measure the sample core, and analyzed the occurrences of the sample depending on the variable jump personal sensory and intuitive using the correlation coefficient and (Fi) Z test, results showed:
1- There is no significant relationship between personal style and urbanization (Urban and Rural).
2- There are significant relationship between personal style (sensory - Intuitive) and the variable gender.
The researchers took a series of conclusions and reco

This study attempts to deal with the concept "conversational implication theory" revealing its concept "implication " and its connotation. Actually it has been found that the conversational implication is the most accurate concept used in the pragmatic studies field than the use of the concept" conversational requirement .The term "implication " or "implicature" may involve the meaning of requirement or necessity .The study deals with the sources and the reasons from which this term derived "conversational implication" .The research also shows that the analytical tendency which is interested in the philosophy of the language is the closer tendency from which this theory has been derived to the real usage .Such tendency has a great influence on pail Grice who firmly established the philosophy of language especially his analysis of the meaning of the "addresser "or what is labeled as " intentionality theory of meaning "from which the "implication theory "has been derived latterly with all its rules in cooperation and the conversational principles needed .This study shows many Arab critics ' views which criticize this theory since it concerned with the everyday language not the literary language which in turn based on the imagination being far from the everyday life and reality .

This study attempts to deal with the concept "conversational implication theory" revealing its concept "implication " and its connotation. Actually it has been found that the conversational implication is the most accurate concept used in the pragmatic studies field than the use of the concept" conversational requirement .The term "implication " or "implicature" may involve the meaning of requirement or necessity .The study deals with the sources and the reasons from which this term derived "conversational implication" .The research also shows that the analytical tendency which is interested in the philosophy of the language is the closer tendency from which this theory has been derived to the real usage .Such tendency has a great influence on pail Grice who firmly established the philosophy of language especially his analysis of the meaning of the "addresser "or what is labeled as " intentionality theory of meaning "from which the "implication theory "has been derived latterly with all its rules in cooperation and the conversational principles needed .This study shows many Arab critics ' views which criticize this theory since it concerned with the everyday language not the literary language which in turn based on the imagination being far from the everyday life and reality .

This study attempts to deal with the concept "conversational implication theory" revealing its concept "implication " and its connotation. Actually it has been found that the conversational implication is the most accurate concept used in the pragmatic studies field than the use of the concept" conversational requirement .The term "implication " or "implicature" may involve the meaning of requirement or necessity .The study deals with the sources and the reasons from which this term derived "conversational implication" .The research also shows that the analytical tendency which is interested in the philosophy of the language is the closer tendency from which this theory has been derived to the real usage .Such tendency has a great influence on pail Grice who firmly established the philosophy of language especially his analysis of the meaning of the "addresser "or what is labeled as " intentionality theory of meaning "from which the "implication theory "has been derived latterly with all its rules in cooperation and the conversational principles needed .This study shows many Arab critics ' views which criticize this theory since it concerned with the everyday language not the literary language which in turn based on the imagination being far from the everyday life and reality .

This study attempts to deal with the concept "conversational implication theory" revealing its concept "implication " and its connotation. Actually it has been found that the conversational implication is the most accurate concept used in the pragmatic studies field than the use of the concept" conversational requirement .The term "implication " or "implicature" may involve the meaning of requirement or necessity .The study deals with the sources and the reasons from which this term derived "conversational implication" .The research also shows that the analytical tendency which is interested in the philosophy of the language is the closer tendency from which this theory has been derived to the real usage .Such tendency has a great influence on pail Grice who firmly established the philosophy of language especially his analysis of the meaning of the "addresser "or what is labeled as " intentionality theory of meaning "from which the "implication theory "has been derived latterly with all its rules in cooperation and the conversational principles needed .This study shows many Arab critics ' views which criticize this theory since it concerned with the everyday language not the literary language which in turn based on the imagination being far from the everyday life and reality .

Education of secondary schools is a link between the primary education and the preparatory one. It is one of the basic pillars of education that nations seek to straighten and develop. This is to establish educational bases that contribute in building human civilizations.
The current study is important in detecting the variations in the distribution of the educational institutes (in cities and villages) of the governorate during 2013.
This study shows that the number of the secondary schools increases in villages rather than in cities. On the contrary, the number of the pupils increases in cities rather than in villages. On the other hand, the number of the teachers increases in villages while the number of sections of each grade increases in cities

Education of secondary schools is a link between the primary education and the preparatory one. It is one of the basic pillars of education that nations seek to straighten and develop. This is to establish educational bases that contribute in building human civilizations.
The current study is important in detecting the variations in the distribution of the educational institutes (in cities and villages) of the governorate during 2013.
This study shows that the number of the secondary schools increases in villages rather than in cities. On the contrary, the number of the pupils increases in cities rather than in villages. On the other hand, the number of the teachers increases in villages while the number of sections of each grade increases in cities

Education of secondary schools is a link between the primary education and the preparatory one. It is one of the basic pillars of education that nations seek to straighten and develop. This is to establish educational bases that contribute in building human civilizations.
The current study is important in detecting the variations in the distribution of the educational institutes (in cities and villages) of the governorate during 2013.
This study shows that the number of the secondary schools increases in villages rather than in cities. On the contrary, the number of the pupils increases in cities rather than in villages. On the other hand, the number of the teachers increases in villages while the number of sections of each grade increases in cities

The current study aims to identify :
1. The level of creative imagination among preparatory school students.
2. The significant differences in the level of creative imagination depending on the variables of specialization (scientific, literary) and gender (male, female).
The study sample consisted of (534) students at preparatory school / study morning for the academic year 2013-2014 were randomly chosen .
To achieve the aims of the study, the researcher used three tools , the first one was creative imagination , the researcher constructed creative imagination scale depending on the theory of creative imagination to Vygotsky's . The final version of the scale consisted of (12) situations which distributed across three dimensions of creative imagination scale . The researcher has achieved the psychometric properties of the scale then the validity has been extracted into two ways which are; face validity and construct validity. The reliability has been extracted by split-half way and reliability coefficient was (0.939).
According to data research processing, the researcher used statistical methods to achieve it, namely; (T-test for one and two independent samples, Pearson correlation coefficient , Alpha – Cronbach formula, Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Factor analysis affirmative and multiple regression analysis. The researcher reached to a number of results such as;
The number of students who have a creative imagination are fewer than the number of the study sample.
There are statistically significant differences in the level of creative imagination according to the variables of specialization (scientific, literary) in favor of the students of preparatory school with literary specialization, and there are no statistically significant differences according to gender (male, female).
The researcher reached to a number of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions, such as;
Recommendations
1. The Ministry of Education should include the textbooks of preparatory stage with creative imagination themes.
2. The researcher recommends the specialists in the field of educational and psychological sciences at the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research by constructing programs for the development of creative imagination among preparatory school students.
Suggestions
1. Role-playing and story-telling and its relations with creative imagination among kindergarten.
2. Studying creative imagination and its relations with other variables such as cognitive styles and problem solving .

The current study aims to identify :
1. The level of creative imagination among preparatory school students.
2. The significant differences in the level of creative imagination depending on the variables of specialization (scientific, literary) and gender (male, female).
The study sample consisted of (534) students at preparatory school / study morning for the academic year 2013-2014 were randomly chosen .
To achieve the aims of the study, the researcher used three tools , the first one was creative imagination , the researcher constructed creative imagination scale depending on the theory of creative imagination to Vygotsky's . The final version of the scale consisted of (12) situations which distributed across three dimensions of creative imagination scale . The researcher has achieved the psychometric properties of the scale then the validity has been extracted into two ways which are; face validity and construct validity. The reliability has been extracted by split-half way and reliability coefficient was (0.939).
According to data research processing, the researcher used statistical methods to achieve it, namely; (T-test for one and two independent samples, Pearson correlation coefficient , Alpha – Cronbach formula, Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Factor analysis affirmative and multiple regression analysis. The researcher reached to a number of results such as;
The number of students who have a creative imagination are fewer than the number of the study sample.
There are statistically significant differences in the level of creative imagination according to the variables of specialization (scientific, literary) in favor of the students of preparatory school with literary specialization, and there are no statistically significant differences according to gender (male, female).
The researcher reached to a number of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions, such as;
Recommendations
1. The Ministry of Education should include the textbooks of preparatory stage with creative imagination themes.
2. The researcher recommends the specialists in the field of educational and psychological sciences at the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research by constructing programs for the development of creative imagination among preparatory school students.
Suggestions
1. Role-playing and story-telling and its relations with creative imagination among kindergarten.
2. Studying creative imagination and its relations with other variables such as cognitive styles and problem solving .

Pragmatics is considered to be one of the bases that identify the changes in the context, through a number of different techniques and concepts, in order to indicate the connotative meaning behind the intended meaning. This is because pragmatics is concerned with the relation of the signs with their interpreters. Based on this importance, this study tries to indicate a pragmatic perspective of critical speech in Al- Moubarrid book " Al- Kamil in Linguistics and Literature". This is to be achieved by the theory of speech acts, that cares about the accomplishment verbs affecting the addressee, also the theory of conversational commitment that deals with the role of the speaker in identifying the addressee poem through his use of lexical items and meanings

Pragmatics is considered to be one of the bases that identify the changes in the context, through a number of different techniques and concepts, in order to indicate the connotative meaning behind the intended meaning. This is because pragmatics is concerned with the relation of the signs with their interpreters. Based on this importance, this study tries to indicate a pragmatic perspective of critical speech in Al- Moubarrid book " Al- Kamil in Linguistics and Literature". This is to be achieved by the theory of speech acts, that cares about the accomplishment verbs affecting the addressee, also the theory of conversational commitment that deals with the role of the speaker in identifying the addressee poem through his use of lexical items and meanings

There are many implications in Cuneiform texts. One of such important implications is the sacrifices of SISKUR2 which revealed to us what objects ancient Iraqi people offer to gods as sacrifices and which gods to offer sacrifices to. SISKUR2 and SA2-DU11 are some such sacrifices mentioned in cuneiform texts and are associated with gods.
The present text dates back to the era of URIII descent and their last king IBBISIn by which URIII descent collapsed because of the economic weakness of the country. This text reveals many things and objects endowed under the king's name by people like URMES, the governor of IRISAGRIG in the form of sacrifices to SA2 –DU11 and SISKUR2 to gods in different occasions .This text coincides with the first year of IBBISIN era in the 11 th month from the calendar Of UR, known as Iti ezem-an-na.

There are many implications in Cuneiform texts. One of such important implications is the sacrifices of SISKUR2 which revealed to us what objects ancient Iraqi people offer to gods as sacrifices and which gods to offer sacrifices to. SISKUR2 and SA2-DU11 are some such sacrifices mentioned in cuneiform texts and are associated with gods.
The present text dates back to the era of URIII descent and their last king IBBISIn by which URIII descent collapsed because of the economic weakness of the country. This text reveals many things and objects endowed under the king's name by people like URMES, the governor of IRISAGRIG in the form of sacrifices to SA2 –DU11 and SISKUR2 to gods in different occasions .This text coincides with the first year of IBBISIN era in the 11 th month from the calendar Of UR, known as Iti ezem-an-na.

There are many implications in Cuneiform texts. One of such important implications is the sacrifices of SISKUR2 which revealed to us what objects ancient Iraqi people offer to gods as sacrifices and which gods to offer sacrifices to. SISKUR2 and SA2-DU11 are some such sacrifices mentioned in cuneiform texts and are associated with gods.
The present text dates back to the era of URIII descent and their last king IBBISIn by which URIII descent collapsed because of the economic weakness of the country. This text reveals many things and objects endowed under the king's name by people like URMES, the governor of IRISAGRIG in the form of sacrifices to SA2 –DU11 and SISKUR2 to gods in different occasions .This text coincides with the first year of IBBISIN era in the 11 th month from the calendar Of UR, known as Iti ezem-an-na.

There are many implications in Cuneiform texts. One of such important implications is the sacrifices of SISKUR2 which revealed to us what objects ancient Iraqi people offer to gods as sacrifices and which gods to offer sacrifices to. SISKUR2 and SA2-DU11 are some such sacrifices mentioned in cuneiform texts and are associated with gods.
The present text dates back to the era of URIII descent and their last king IBBISIn by which URIII descent collapsed because of the economic weakness of the country. This text reveals many things and objects endowed under the king's name by people like URMES, the governor of IRISAGRIG in the form of sacrifices to SA2 –DU11 and SISKUR2 to gods in different occasions .This text coincides with the first year of IBBISIN era in the 11 th month from the calendar Of UR, known as Iti ezem-an-na.

There are many implications in Cuneiform texts. One of such important implications is the sacrifices of SISKUR2 which revealed to us what objects ancient Iraqi people offer to gods as sacrifices and which gods to offer sacrifices to. SISKUR2 and SA2-DU11 are some such sacrifices mentioned in cuneiform texts and are associated with gods.
The present text dates back to the era of URIII descent and their last king IBBISIn by which URIII descent collapsed because of the economic weakness of the country. This text reveals many things and objects endowed under the king's name by people like URMES, the governor of IRISAGRIG in the form of sacrifices to SA2 –DU11 and SISKUR2 to gods in different occasions .This text coincides with the first year of IBBISIN era in the 11 th month from the calendar Of UR, known as Iti ezem-an-na.

The field interpretational approach is concerned with studying the texts that implied more than one significance and no a significance dominates the other . It concentrates on a certain significance and then concludes the other significances if there are any to achieve what is called the poetic silence (Al-Saket Al-Shary) , which means that the reader passes through one significance to another without the dominance of this significance on the other . Whereas the texts that implied only a significance or implied more than one significance and each one dominates the other are not included in the scope of the approach . The poem of (Manzal Al-Aknan) House of proficiency is one of these poems that is included in the field of the interpretational approach . This made the researcher to deal with this poem in this study involving three parts . The first part : the initial reading , the second part : the second reading , and Al-Saket Al-Shary (the poetic Silence)

Humanity has suffered for a long time from the threats of wars and internal conflicts, which affected its structure causing destructive effects in all aspects. Human beings are eager to maintain their economic and social development and sovereignty on their private property. They reject any policy that deprives them from these rights. Civil peace is regarded as the pillar of national development in any community. It should be implemented in radical changes in the social and behavioral structures as well as administrative and political regimes.
After the invasion of 2003, the Iraqi community in general and the Bagdad community in particular has suffered from disturbance in civil peace which become more severe after the events of Samarra in February 2006 which triggered sectarian violence and changed the rate of internal displacement which reached 3,620,328 (1). This phenomenon caused much damage to the life of Baghdadis. For instance, the displaced families that lived in schools and public offices caused the increase of demand on housing. This study sheds the light on the effect of the disturbance of civil peace on the increase of demand on housing in Baghdad province.

Humanity has suffered for a long time from the threats of wars and internal conflicts, which affected its structure causing destructive effects in all aspects. Human beings are eager to maintain their economic and social development and sovereignty on their private property. They reject any policy that deprives them from these rights. Civil peace is regarded as the pillar of national development in any community. It should be implemented in radical changes in the social and behavioral structures as well as administrative and political regimes.
After the invasion of 2003, the Iraqi community in general and the Bagdad community in particular has suffered from disturbance in civil peace which become more severe after the events of Samarra in February 2006 which triggered sectarian violence and changed the rate of internal displacement which reached 3,620,328 (1). This phenomenon caused much damage to the life of Baghdadis. For instance, the displaced families that lived in schools and public offices caused the increase of demand on housing. This study sheds the light on the effect of the disturbance of civil peace on the increase of demand on housing in Baghdad province.

The study deals with the first years in the early life of sayyed Abdulkareem Elmadani, the religious representative in Diyala Province. The study comprises three sections. The first section is an identification of Aal Elmadani family, preceded by family naming and origins. Section two sheds light on his first years of life including; his birth, upbringing, traits and features, in addition to introducing family members. A reference is made in this section to his national role. Section three focuses on his biography during religion study years. The paper ends up with a conclusion summing up the most important findings of the study, followed by a list of references.

The study deals with the first years in the early life of sayyed Abdulkareem Elmadani, the religious representative in Diyala Province. The study comprises three sections. The first section is an identification of Aal Elmadani family, preceded by family naming and origins. Section two sheds light on his first years of life including; his birth, upbringing, traits and features, in addition to introducing family members. A reference is made in this section to his national role. Section three focuses on his biography during religion study years. The paper ends up with a conclusion summing up the most important findings of the study, followed by a list of references.

The present textual study aims at searching for the friendly place in the poetry of Safieddeen Alhilli that was the source of nostalgia and sighs, and the exposer of the depth of the tormented self because of its departure of family and loved ones.
The paper comprises three sections; the first deals with "House or Home", the second with the "Debris" and the "Cities" in the third.
Through the delineation of friendly place, the poet was able to afford a lively and true picture expressing the nature of the life lived by him which is a clear cut indication of the poet's awareness of the friendly place, his broad scope, and his belongingness and loyalty to his places.

The following research discusses the effect of utilizing cognitive planning management in developing the skills of parsing in preparatory school students. For achieving the aims of the study, the researcher has built the following hypotheses:
1. There are no statistically significant differences on the level 0.05 in the averages of the control group scores between the pretest and the posttest in the skills of parsing of the preparatory school students.
2. There are no statistically significant differences on the level 0.05 in the averages of the test group scores between the pretest and the posttest in the skills of parsing of the preparatory school students.
3. There are no statistically significant differences on the level 0.05 in the averages of the test group scores between the pretest and the posttest in the skills of scientific thinking of the preparatory school students.
The researcher has conducted an experimental design with partial control marked by objective validity. He also equalized some variables like the scores of aptitude test, educational background of the parents, social security events, linguistic performance, pretest in parsing, and Daniel's intelligence test. The researcher also constructed behavioral objectives in accordance with the courses (Arabic Grammar for the fifth literary grade). The number of behavioral objectives was 93 reduced to 83 after consulting experts and jury board. The researcher aimed at building two tests: the first for parsing skill and the other for scientific thinking skills. He also put two teaching plans: one for the test group prepared according to cognitive planning management, while the other plan for the control group followed the traditional method.
At the end of the experiment, the researcher discovered the advance of the test group over the control group in the skills of parsing and scientific thinking and he recommended writing a guide for the students according to cognitive management for simplifying Arabic grammar under the title "The Atlas of Arabic Grammar". The researcher also recommended conducting a similar study in other fields of Arabic like dictation, rhetoric, and literature.

The school of Al Shaykhiya is consider as one of the twelve Imamate Shiite ideological schools . In fact , it did not concentrate on specific trends and cultures but in was specialized in various sciences , education and cultures in different branches and fields which are intrinsically illustrated in the personality of its scientists and their considerable scientific productions . Such works reflect the scientists’ intellectual genius , and their life which is full of energy, activity and development specifically Sheikh Ahmed AL-Ahssa’i who appeared in the scientific circles and teaching fields in Iraq and Iran . He acquired , till his death , High position in the scientific cireles. He overstressed the enhancement of the Twelve Imamate Shiite Tenets in his lessons , sermons and writings through the emendation of many Islamic religious concepts , moreover he confronted the suspicions which attacked the twelve imamate shiite tenets in specific and the tenets of Islam in general depending on the Holy Quran and the prophet’s sayings “God’s peace Be Upon Him “ as well as the imams of his household “God bless them all “. So , such works proves the worthiness of this school which contributed heavily in enriching the Islamic Thought .

All thanks are due for Allah the Almighty Who has created everything in the best form. The Sunnah is the second source of legislation, after the Glorious Quran. Therefore, since early times, scholars have paid due attention to publication of books that deal with the narrators of Hadith and those who transferred the saying of Prophet Mohammed (peace and blessings are upon him). Tus, they took care of its narrators and narrations, serving them verily and published books which tackle the men who were mentioned in them since the fourth century after Hijra.
Moreover, I have conducted this paper following the steps and traditions of our past scholars. What drew my attention to this study was a book entitled Mentioning the Name of Each Companion Who Narrated about the Prophet in Terms of Orders or Prohibitions and who Followed Them as well as Others Who Were with no Brothers Bearing the Same Name among Those Who Transmitted Hadith in All Countries by Abi Elfatih Mohammed bin Al-Hussain bin Ahmed bin Abdullah bin Buraida Al-Mousilli Al-Azdi (D.374 H.). The aim of this study is to facilitate memorizing the names of those narrators who were mentioned but once by all narrators in Al-Sahihain with a total number of (3773) persons.
Furthermore, this study is conducted to ease knowing the biographies of those men and memorizing them by students of this science. Thus, one can safely assume that: there is only one person in Al-Sahihain with the name of (Jumaa bin Abdullah bin Ziad) or (Budail bin Maisarah) or (Rafie bin Mahran) as well as in other entries.

This study tries to investigate the articulation of short vowels in Arabic. They had an open articulation with on obstruction to the airflow. The tongue and lips take certain positions during the articulation of each vowel. This open articulation was problematic in studying them and identifying their phonetic features in the past and nowadays. The study has also revealed the most important characteristics of these vowels and their basic and secondary features with reference to the articulatory basis on which old scholars had relied to manifest their characteristics.

This study tries to investigate the articulation of short vowels in Arabic. They had an open articulation with on obstruction to the airflow. The tongue and lips take certain positions during the articulation of each vowel. This open articulation was problematic in studying them and identifying their phonetic features in the past and nowadays. The study has also revealed the most important characteristics of these vowels and their basic and secondary features with reference to the articulatory basis on which old scholars had relied to manifest their characteristics.

The paper aims at identifying the teaching problems facing fourth year students in the Dept. of Educational and Psychological Sciences during the practicum period. In order to achieve this aim, the researcher selected the fourth year students in the Dept. of Educational and Psychological Sciencesin the academic year ( 2013-2014 ) as the society and sample of the study which comprised ( 50 ) male and female students. After adopting a questionnaire as the study tool, it was exposed to a group of experts and specialists in the field of methods of teaching to verify its validity with an agreement ratio of ( 83% ) . Moreover , the questionnaire stability was also verified via applying it on the students by using the arithmetic means to gain a ratio of ( 43.42% ) . Then , this ratio was corrected via the use of hypothesized means to reach a stability of ( 48 ) and thus , the tool was applied on the sample of the study . Furthermore, after analyzing the results the researcher found out that there are no teaching problems among the students in the Dept. of Educational and Psychological Sciences / college of Education for human Sciences during the practicum period .
The most significant recommendation set by the researcher was the need to prolong lesson periods in the schools in Diyala Province to afford sufficient chance for practitioner students or teachers to achieve their teaching aims .
Moreover , the researcher suggested conducting similar study to the present one to identify the teaching problems facing students in departments of Educational and Psychological Sciences in other colleges of education .

This study aims at investigating the effect of distinctive education strategy in the attainment of the second year students of art education department, College of Fine Arts, University of Diyala in the subject of art history in the academic year 2014-2015.
The researcher used the experimental method with control and experimental groups and pre and posttests. The sample of the study consisted of second year students of art education department in the academic year 2015-2016.
The students were randomly distributed into two groups. The first group is the experimental group which is consisted of 25 students that study according to distinctive education strategy, and the second group is the control group which is consisted of 25 students that studied according to the conventional way.
The researcher prepared an attainment test that assesses the extent of theoretical, scientific, and artistic information about the subject of art history (the schools of modern painting) by means of three objective questions divided into 30 items scored as one score for the correct item and zero score for the wrong and neglected item.
The study discovered the efficiency of distinctive education strategy in the attainment of the department of art education in the subject of art history (the schools of modern painting).

The meanings of grammar are considered to be one of the Arabic Diwans and its major branches. This importance is due to its relation to the Holly Quran . The probe into the depth of this book enriches this research with precious bits of information that Al- Sammar'i has been efficient in its coinage. The researcher studied the interpretive sources of this book to show their effect on building the interpretive approach of Ai- Sammara'i through our subject “The Interpretive Sources of Prof Dr. Fadhil Al- Samarra'i in his book Meanings of Grammar and their effect on building his interpretive approach. It is found that Al- Samarra'i was a conveyer, critic, inferer and a documenter of those sources and this is what was confirmed in our research. The research consists of two sections preceded by an introductory part. The first section includes the sources he used from the books of exegesis and the Qur'an sciences. The second section includes his sources of grammar books, philology, literature and Muwashah. Finally, the research includes a conclusion of the most significant results.

This paper entitled "Assertion in Divan of Odense (linguistic study)" shows creative, artistry ability of Odense that brings talent of him. This study also contains all styles that the poet used which is asserted by "already", parenthesizing and pronunciational affirmation.

Many characters haven’t got the concern that they deserve in the studies, especially by the modern Iraqi researchers as chiefs. Habeeb Al-Kheizaran is one of these characters and this leads the researcher to choose him as a title of the paper because of that his personality distinguishes by his Arabic nationality. This paper shades light on his autobiography and his role in the internal political events in Iraq through the royal time. The most important findings that the researcher achieves are the environment of Habeeb Al-Kheizaran and his growth has a big effect in his personality, and the educational situation which has the nationality and religious has effected on his personality. He believes to change the bad situation of Iraq through the period of British occupation; therefore, he took many national politic positions, especially his of refusal to the British occupation, and that was clear by his leading to his tribe through the twentieth revolution in Diyala.

This study aims at constructing a program based on narrative style in correcting reading mistakes of the primary pupils. The researcher follows different procedures so as to accomplish the aims of the study, these are :
1. The researcher construct a check list (first tool) which is composed of 10 common reading mistakes.
2. The researcher construct a check list (first tool) which is composed of 14 special targets. Experts agree on its formation validity after making some linguistic modification of the validity of some targets.
3.The third check list is composed of 36 behavioral targets. Experts show their opinion towards the formation of these targets.
4.The fourth one is composed of a list of reading subjects of the fourth grade of primary school. Their number is (7) They are exposed to experts and they choose only 5 subjects.
5.The fifth one is composed (7) external stories that are chosen by the researcher. They are also shown to the experts and they choose only five.
6.The researcher prepares two patterned plans. The first one depends on the narrative style and the second one depends on the regular way. These plans are also shown to the experts to see its validity.
7. Finally, after considering the literature of this subject, the researcher build his program.
The Results:
The researcher reaches to the following conclusions:
1. The ability to build teaching programs that suits other educational stages without the need to apply ready models.
2. Constructing programs requires double effort from the researchers who construct different programs because their steps are not easy.



Recommendations:
1. Adopting the current program that is based on narrative style in teaching reading subject of the fourth grade of primary school.
2. Utilizes from the current program.
Suggestions:
1. Conducting a similar study to know the validity of the current program.
2. Conducting a similar study to construct teaching programs based on narrative style in reading subject to other grades.

Iraq has abounded in a large number of historians, scientists,writers, thinkers and politicians who have had a vital role in the cultural formation of the country .Many of them have acquired the interest, documentation of their biography andprominencehas been given to their accomplishments. But others have not gained the study they deserve .Therefore University ofDiyala has taken it upon itself tointroduce the Iraqi figures with the intention to introduce them and their activity to the new generation. Since the politicians have taken the largest share in the previous studies while the intellectual and cultural figures have not, thus Abdul Razzaq Al-Hilali is one of the pioneers who deserves the study as an educator who worked for a duration of time in preparing the future generation, and an author, writer and employee who is sincere in performing his duty.
His biography and writings have been discussedin the research which havebeen considered as important references in various topics that the researchermay need in hishistorical, social, economic and literary writings.

The study aims at knowing the impact of the of pedagogical program depending on reading The Holy Qur'an and prophetic Sunnah extrapolated stories in improving the intermediate female students' parents behaving, by verifying the following assumptions:
1. There are no statistical differences at the level of "0.05" among the grades of the controlling group's marks in the pre and the post- tests according to the standards of behaving the parents.
2. There are no statistical differences at the level of "0.05" among the grades of the experimental group's marks in the pre and the post- tests according to the standards of behaving the parents.
3. There are no statistical differences at the level of "0.05" among the grades of the controlling and the grades of the experimental group's marks in the post- tests according to the standards of behaving the parents after implementing the program.
The community of the current study includes the intermediate female student of the Directorate of Education of Diyala province / the district of Baquba / day governmental schools / during the academic year of 2013-2014.
To achieve the aims and to assess the assumptions of the study , the experimental program has been applied according to the (experimental and controlling groups with pre and post-tests ).
The sample of the study includes ( 15) intermediate female student from the intermediate school of ( Um Al- Baneen) as an experimental group , and ( 15) intermediate female student from the intermediate school of ( Um Salama) as a controlling group. . Equation has been implemented between the marks of the two groups on the according to the standards of behaving the parents in the pretest.
The researcher constructed a standardized criteria system of behaving the parents with (36) items and has been presented to a group of experts in pedagogy and Psychology , the experts certifies the reliability of 100% of the system to be implemented.
Thus , according to Gronbach and retest method , the apparent validity and reliability have been achieved ; according to Gronbach (0.74) and according to the retest method ( 0.89).
The researcher also constructed the pedagogical program depending on reading The Holy Qur'an and prophetic Sunnah, the program has been implemented by a teaching program to behave the parents .
The aim of the study has been verified by the apparent validity . The program implemented in 12 lessons , twice weekly , within 40 minutes for each lesson .
The researcher uses the following statistical means : Pearson correlation factor , Gronbach equation , Spearman – Brow equation , Walkokson test and Manwitny test.
The results show :
1. There are no statistical differences at the level of "0.05" among the grades of the controlling group's marks in the pre and the post- tests according to the standards of behaving the parents.
2. There are statistical differences at the level of "0.05" among the grades of the experimental group's marks before and after applying the program
3. There are statistical differences at the level of "0.05" among the grades of the controlling and the grades of the experimental group's marks after applying the program for the priority of the controlling g group.
In accordance with the results, the researcher makes some conclusions , recommendations and suggestions.

Aalulbait University, which is established during the reign of King Faisal I, is the first Iraqi university in the modern epoch as establishing a university in Iraq is a public claim. The king endorsed the idea and was so encouraged to accomplish it as he was still a student in Istanbul University, seeing then that Europe is crammed with universities, regarding them as a source of pride. Aalulbait University was not aimed to succeed, yet it mirrored national and intellectual feelings of the intelligentsia in Iraq. Means of success were not afforded as Iraq was witnessing hard times during that period accompanied by various challenges on political, economic and cultural levels. Fahmi Elmudarris, its general secretary, labored with all his power so as to keep the university run. Yet, counter forces were more powerful than his efforts, advocated by British support. Elmudarris's opponents, led by Sati' Elhusari, succeeded in the closing of the university as British forces were then safeguarding their colonial interests

English use on Mukalla street signs is examined in this study. The paper is an attempt to study how the morphological structure of Arabic has been affected by English sings using at Mukalla streets. Yemen ; on shops, mini-markets, supermarkets, net-cafes, Moles and companies, among others. Moreover, the Yemeni customers' attitudes to the use of English loan words along with Arabic is also evaluated. 180 sings chosen randomly have been examined linguistically to find out if there is any particular influence of English over Arabic morphological structure of the street signs. In addition, a questionnaire was given to the participants to show their attitudes toward using English sings. The population of the study consisted of all the students at Hadramout University, English Departments, Faculty of Arts and Women's College. They are from different places in Yemen.
The findings indicate that the loan words are altering to suit the morphological structure and so become a part of Arabic structure where they substitute the identical ones. The participants attitudes towards these signs have shown that they are aware of and loyal to their own language. However, they prefer using English for commercial reasons

Previous studies in the field of pragmatics discussed the phenomenon of politeness as having a polite/impolite distinction. In this study, an attempt is to be done to focus on the brighter side of impoliteness having semi-polite utterances. Thus, the major concern of this study is to consider some impolite utterances as being valuable for our everyday life situations. The idea is that people agreed upon the rejection of impolite utterances, even, they educate children to avoid such utterances and expressions.
Throughout this study, impolite ( purposively termed ' politely-oriented ) utterances are investigated in the literature, then, a military discourse will be analyzed (the aim) to reach the phenomenon. The reason behind choosing such a discourse is that it is naturally built of using such utterances. In the world of military, militants achieve numerous functions by impolite use of language. The study consists of four sections. Each section deals with a different dimension of functionality of impolite utterances. It is hypothesized that impoliteness can functionally be used to attain certain goals.