Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal

The effect of two levels of rumen undegradable nitrogen (7 and 10 g UDN / kg DM ) fed with two levels of Nigella sativa (0 and 7.5 g NS / kg DM) on the diurnal patterns of plasma growth hormone (GH) , serum sugar (SS) , serum uric acid (SUA)serum urea nitrogen (SUN) concentration during 24 h post morning feeding were investigated . Twenty four individual Karadi male lambs were used .They were weighing approximately 34+1.22 kg and 7 months of age. The diets were formulated to be given a 40 parts NaoH-treated barley straw DM to 60 parts concentrate DM. All diets were associated with post- prandial decreases in SS, GH, SUA and SUN concentration during the first 6 h post morning feeding . Lambs fed high level of UDN significantly reduced blood sugar (BS) and increase blood urea nitrogen (SUN) as compared with those fed low level of UDN. Whereas ,level of UDN had no effect on GH and SUA. The results also indicated that the lambs fed diets supplemented with NS significantly increased SS, GH and SUA and reduced SUN as compared with those fed diets without NS

Antimicrobial activities of dill (Anethum graveolens) extract were studied by agar well diffusion technique against tested organisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Esherichia coli and Candida albicans), which were streaking onto agar plates and incubated for 16-20 hours at 37°C. The results were showed that the extract did not show antibacterial activity, while the extract of dill seeds exhibited growth inhibition of C. albicans. The results were also showed that the median lethal dose (LD50) of the ethanolic extract of dill in laboratory white mice was about (1486 mg/kg Bodyweight B.W ). The clinical signs during 24 hours after subcutaneous injection of the extract were rapid breathing, dullness, then death.

Some Physical and Chemical properties of sandy soil for defferent periods of cultivation were determined. The study include a non-cultivated, 1-year, 3-years, 6-years, of used to test for this influence such as hydraulic conductivity , water content , bulk density , and mean weight diameter . hydraulic conductivity and water content significantely increased from 0.20-0.42 cm.min-1 and from 19.80%-25.24% respectively as a result of 6 years of cultivation . Bulk density decreased from 1.61 mg.m-3 to 1.36 mg.m-3 for the first debth ( 0-15 ) cm of non-cultivated and 6 – years of cultivation, respectively. . organic matter and electrical conductivity increased from 0.18% to 0.39% and from 2.0 ds . m-1 to 13.0 ds . m-1 for the non-cultivated and 6 years of cultivation, respectively Cumulative infiltration was also affected by the agricultural practices . kostiakov equation was used to describe the infiltration data .

This study was conducted to evaluated the efficacy of several herbicidal effect of different concentration (٠،٢٫٥،٥٫٠،٧٫٥ and ١٠٫٠ gm/kgm of soil) of aerial parts extracts of (Secale cereale L.) and wild mastered (Brassicai nigra L.) on (Vicai faba L.) growth. the result show many phytotoxin compounds were present in this extracts, as well as The result indicated that the aerial extracts had a significant herbicidal effects on germination, shoot and roots length of plants comparative with control.

The study showed that the Santonica (Artemisia herbaalba) plant had considerable inhabitation activity against some of positive gram and negative isolated bacteria. Ethyl acetate, Ethanol ٨٠٪ and Hexan as well as the distal water were used as solvents to the active materials in this plant. The aim of this study was identify the ability of these solvents to extract the active materials in this plant which had effect the inhabitation ability against these bacteria by using the disc division procedure. The study showed that the extraction procedure followed had clear effect on inhabitation ability of Santonica against these bacteria. In time that the supported paper disc with the alcohol extraction from plant to compose a clear zone of diameter ١١. ٤٥ and ٧ and ٦٫٥٥ mm. When positioned in plates were seeded by white Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus respectively. While this disc failed in occurring any inhabitation for the same bacteria when it saturated by aqueous extraction for the same plant. Also the study has showed that the ethyl acetate extract for Santonica succeeded in occurring clear inhabitation against the tested bacteria, the clear zone diameter which supported by ethyl acetate was ١١, ١٢, ١٢, ١١٫٧٦ and ١٢ mm. When positioned in plates were seeded with white Staphylococcus aureus ,Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Bacillus cereus , golden Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium respectively , while the E. coli has showed ability to resist this extraction. The hexane extractions of the same plant didn´t show any clear effect against the tested bacteria, except for E. coli and golden Staphylococcus aureus.

This search is carried out on Ocimum basilicum L. from Labiate (Lamiaceae) Family ,The purpose is uncovering secondary metabolism components (Alkaloids, Glycosides , Tannins , Resons , Saponines , Flavones, Phenols , Terpens , Steroids , Comarins and Volatile Oil) in various parts (stems , leaves, flowers).the result is found the plant is rich with secondary metabolism components As to Extraction volatile oil in Steam extraction the rate of it’s extraction (1.20%), water extraction is (1.35 %) and Extraction by organic solvent is (1.75%) . Its rate higher found it. Then oil extraction quantification some physical quality like light rotation, density and fracture coefficient after that to test inhibition effect for oil against some types pathogenic bacterial is higher effect anti E.Coli and minimum for its inhibition was anti K. penumoniae bacteria .

Typhoid and paratyphoid fever is the common disease in community . this is one of the important healthy problems ,especially in development countries such as Iraq the important causes of outbreak of this disease are food and a water pollution with salmonella typhi and paratyphi To determine the range of influence to both of Garlic juice and Apple Cider Vinegar on Salmonella typhi and paratyphi that isolated from patients serum whom clinically suspected typhoid fever and they have symptoms of this disease . This study involved (٧ strains of Salmonella typhi ٤ strains of Salmonella paratyphi A , ٨ strains of Salmonella paratyphi B ). These strains were isolated from blood patients suffering from typhoid and paratyphoid fever in General Baquba hospital. These strains cultured on Brain heart infusion broth and subcultuered on Salmonella –Shigella agar to isolate and identify Salmonella typhi and paratyphi bacteria by the standard biochemical and serological test with specific antiserum reaction . Different concentrations of Garlic juice and Apple Cider were used such as (١٠٠٪،٨٠٪،٦٠٪،٤٠٪،٢٠٪) . These concentrations caused inhibition growth which increased with the increasing of concentrations but the inhibition more increased when we used the mix of Garlic juice and Apple Cider Vinegar in the same concentration and amount , the murder proportion of bacteria was in highest percentage . The Garlic juice and Apple Cider Vinegar had distinct affect in bacterial inhibition growth in all concentration and this inhibition was more when both substances were mixed

Statistical analysis was used on 500 milk production records of Awassi sheep at the Sheep and Goat Research Station, State Board for Agricultural Research, the analysis was containing (134 Iraqi Awassi) and (366 Turkish Awassi ) on period of 2008 – 2009. The aim of this investigate the estimation of genetic persistency on milk production from the difference between genetic estimation to produce 120 days from genetic estimation to produce first 60 days of milk season in Local & Turkish Awassi sheep after studying the effect of fixed factors and estimation heritability to produce 60 and 120 milk day. The over all mean of milk production at the first 60 days and 120 days of milk season was 54.92 and 107.56 kg respectively. Research result shows that all of studied fixed factors ( breed ، dam age at calving ، calving season and kind of calving ) were significant effect on milk production in 60 and 120 days. The heritability of milk production at 60 and 120 days was 0.28 and 0.24 respectively. There was a large variation in genetic values estimation of rams used in this research at 60 and 120 days. On the other hand the maximum estimation of genetic persistency was 8.26 kg , while the minimum was 6.50 kg ، and depending of those estimations will affair on increasing genetic gain and economically later in the flock.

Liza abu fishes were exposed to two sublethal concentrations of methomyle pesticide(0.5&1ppm) for 96 hr., for study the histopathological changes in gills and liver in treated fishes with this insecticide . Histopathological examination for both concentrations in gills showed degeneration of cells, epithelial separation, hemorrhage, necrosis fusion of adjacent lamellae, clubbing cells ,while in liver the changes showed swelling in cells which lost its normal shape, hemorrhaged area, vaculation necrosis & finally karyolysis

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of adding different levels of thyme leaves powder to the ration at levels 0 , 0.2 , 0.4 , 0.6 % for C,T1, T2, T3 treatments respectively and one does which is 150 gm / tone of feed from chlortetracycline antibiotic (does to stimulate growth) for treatment AB to show the effect of these treatments on the productive performance of broilers. With continuous adlibitum feeding of this ration from 7 – 47 day of age. The results showed that there was no significant differences in final body weight and feed intake during the experiment period. During the period 7-21 days a significant increase occurred in weight gain for treatment T1 compared with treatment T2 and in feed efficiency for treatment T2 compared with C, Ab ,T1 treatments. Period 22-35 days significant increase occurred in weight gain for treatment Ab compared with T1,T2,T3 treatment while in feed efficiency for T1 treatment compared with C ,Ab , T3 treatments. Period 36-47 days there was no significant difference between treatments in weight gain and feed efficiency. No significant different between treatments in mortality.

The present study was implemented to identify some of the biological characteristics of 198 hydatid cysts in Equine of 19 natural infected slaughtered donkeys in Al-zawra park Zoo in Baghdad from 1/11/2001 till 31/10/2002. The result revealed that the diameter of hydatid cyst varies from (0.2-9.2) cm . The diameters ratio of hydatid cysts in female is higher than that of male in static significant of p<0.05 . The cysts were unilocular, rounded and easy to open (except the caseated and calcified cysts). Furthermore, no daughter cysts were found. Hydatid fluid was clear for the most hydatid cysts. The volume of such fluid ranged between (0.4-170) ml. The protoscoleses were white in color –except in two cysts with diameter (8.4cm and 9.2 cm are sandy in color. The number of protoscoleses ranged between 3-973040 and 12-983350 protoscoleses in male and female respectively . The viability of hydatid cysts ranged from (0%-99.88%) The fertility percentage of the cysts was 45.25%, The results of the present study indicate no relation among diameter of hydatid cysts, fertility, and quantity of protoscoleses inside the cysts and viability of protoscolises

Achievement motivation considered one of incentives that motivated student towards Achievement in employed . area in Agricultural college . for that the research aimed to determine the Achievement Motivation level of student the fourth stage in Agricultural college . the sample of the research consisted of 140 students from fourth stage for all departments in the college for the year 2007 – 2008 . Data was collected questioner , consist of to dominos first dominate was for measurement of Achievement Motivation for students it was consist of 38 items and it was degrees for five levels , agree with high , agree with , disagree with high , disagree with very high . The Achievement Motivation degree was between 38 – 175 degree from 38 – 190 degree . The mean was 134 degree . The conclusion was showed low mean of Achievement Motivation of students , and the related was non significant between the Achievement Motivation level and each of the variables , marred case , six , back round education of parents . The research recommend elevated the Achievement Motivation students throw produced the material and encouraging for students throw and after ending of Agricultural college .

This study was conducted a nursery Department of Horticulture College of Agriculture, University of Tikrit for the period from the beginning of 2007 to the end. The aim of the experiment is to study the effect of spray dated and concentrations of nitrogen fertilization ( 0 , 5 , 10 )g / liter in some of the characteristics of the vegetative growth Melia azadarach seedling . Were calculated Length and stem diameter and number branches and leaves and the surface area . The results showed the the were no significant difference in the dates of spraying all the characteristics studied , Either for fertilizer nitrogen concentrations found there significant differences in the length and stem diameter and surface area and the absence of significant differences between seedling nitrogen fertilizer treatment ( 5 , 10 )g / liter in the character of number of branches and number of leaves , but there are differences between treatments and the treatment of seedlings no fertilizer .

Field experiment was conducted with three replicates according to RCBD at the Mishkab Rice Research Station , AI ـــNajaf Province , during the growing season of 2008 to investigate the efficiency of herbicides azimsulfuron was used at rate of 25 , 50 , 75 gm / ha , while propanil and penoxsulam were used at rate 10 L / ha , 2.5 L / ha respectively on weeds and its influence on quality characteristics and rice yield . Results showed that the herbicide azimsulfuron reduced dry weight of Echinochloa crus-galli L. from 88 to 97 % with no significant differences with propanil and penoxsulam compared with weedy treatment . Also , results indicated that there was an increase in yield component such as number of panicles / m2 and panicle length from range 48 ــ 68 % and 8 ــ 9 % respectively . However application of azimsulfuron resulted in rice yield of 6.2 ــ 6.6 t / ha at depending on rate application , in comparison to 6.3 , 7.0 , 2.9 t / ha obtained in propanil , penoxsulam and weedy treatment respectively.

Field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different amount of irrigation water on root growth, moisture content and water use efficiency on corn plant . The treatment were 700 , 630 , 560 ,490 and 420 mm/season of water added with 11 , and 30 interval for the control , and other treatments respectively . A nest of tensiometer were placed in 0.2 and 0.4 m depth from soil surface to study the moisture content and water availability through the season. The results showed that the moisture content of treatment were at the available level for the treatments while the control treatment showed moisture stress . The plant root growth was concentrated at 0 -40 cm depth . The water use efficiency were in the following order . 420 mm , > 490mm > 560 mm > 630 mm > 700 mm. The results of the study showed that water shortage or deficiency no longer limit the corn cultivation if we schedule the use of irrigation water. It is important to use less water and more irrigation intervals as favored moisture content condition can be made at root zone through the season . The results showed that technical irrigation by calculating water applied and more irrigation intervals result in high efficiency in corn production if we compare with non traditional micro irrigation method such as drip and sub surface irrigation methods .

This study was conducted to determine the effects of iron chelated Fe – EDTA or Fe –EDDHA on rooting , four concentrations (5.6 ، 11.2 ، 16.8 and 22.4 mg/l Fe ) from Fe –EDTA or Fe –EDDHA supplemented with ½ MS media,the results indicated that 5.6 mg/l Fe –EDDHA gave the significant increase roots number, length, fresh and dry weight.Root sections showed that Fe-EDDHA promoted the division and develop-ment of vascular bundles by increasing the number of proxylem to 5 as compared to Fe-EDTA (4 bundle) high concentration of Fe (22.4 mg/l) resulted in the formation of zygomorphic vascular bundle and brown precipitations in the cortex .

This study was conducted at the laboratory of Plant Tissue and Cell Culture, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design, College of Agriculture and Forestry , Mosul University. The objective of this study was to show the effects of north and south pole of magnetic field and electromagnetic field, in order to propagate peach rootstock Prunus persicaL.Batsch Cv. Local Baydawi by using tissue culture techniques.The data can be summarized as follow: Effect of north or south pole of magnetic field (200 mT) or electromagnetic field at (0.16 mT) were studied on the node culture in MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/l BA, after 8 weeks electromagnet field produced shoot number remarkably ،Northen electrom-agnetic field caused an increase in shoot length about 12٪ as compared with control. The second experiment conducted by using south pole of magnets (0 , 1 ، 2 ، 3) for three period (20 ، 40 ، 56) days for node, the results showed that high magnetic field reduced the number of shoot ( 3.2) when comparing to control treatment (5.2 shoots) , 1 magnetic for 20 days gave th best shoots length ( 14 m). Stem sections revealed that three magnets improve vascular bundle development and xylem formation and showed brown precip-itations in pith tissue.

A filed experiment was conducted during summer season ( 2009 ) to study The effect of four levels by organic fertilization ( 0 , 3 , 6 ,9 ) ton / ha and intercropping for Cowpea and Sweet Corn . The Experiment was factorial in R.C.B.D. with three replications . Results showed that significant increases in growth and yield characters when used organic fertilizer was applied at of 9 ton \ ha and gave highest seed yield for Cowpea and Sweet Corn plant ( 79.35 and 46.33 gm ) respectively . Intercropping for Cowpea and Sweet Corn decreased almost all studied characters , while increased the land Equivalent Ratio ( LER ) and gave 1.64 . The interaction treatment of organic fertilization and single planting for Cowpea or Sweet Corn gave the highest seed yield ( 96.33 and 49.42 gm/plant ) respectively .

This study was conducted in the district of Muqdadiya to estimate the production function for barley crop during the season of 2008-2009 . Quantity of seed , chemical fertilizer , hours of human labour , hours of mechanical labour and number of irrigation were represented as an independent variables and the quantity of product was dependent variable . Cobb-Douglas function was estimated with double logarithum formula by uses ordinary least square method (0LS) . It was passed the economic , statistical and econometrics tests ,which all the treatments coefficient were confirmed with economical logic . The coefficient of seeds , chemical fertilizer , and the hours of human labour were significant at 1% level of (t) test . The estimated function was significant at 1% level of (F) test . Independent variables explained 93% of total variation in barley production by adjusted coefficient of determination test( R-2 ) . Assumption of (OLS) such as Homoskedasticity , Autocorrelation and Multicollinearity were confirmed .The results of analysis indicated that the factors product were used in the second stage of production but not reached the optimum level .The products and net returns of the optimum quantity were exceeded the other quantity which they used in the study at the arithmetic mean.

Afactorial pot experiment was conducated by using (CRD) design on sandy loam soil , out as well as isolation classification purification of A.chroococcum Bacteria to study the effect of interaction between A.chroococcum bacteria and T.harzianum fungi and two levels of nitrogen fertilizer (50% and 100% ) on growth of maize plant . The results of classification showed that all the three isolate belong to A.chroococcum species ,the isolate (I3) was selected as local isolated and used as a biofertiltzer in pot experiment . The results showed that application of biofertilizer caused significantly increment in plant height , leaf area and dry weight compared with out addition of biofertilizer irrespective with application of nitrogen fertilizer . the highest number with the addition of duplicate biofertilizer caused significantly increment (57.37% ,119.38 % and 120.83% ) for plant height , dry weight and leaf area respectively compared with out addition of biofertilizer . The highest number with the addition of duplicate biofertilizer and with (50%) of nitrogen fertilizer caused significantly increased (85.18% , 146.26% and 222.22% ) for plant height ,leaf area and dry weight respectively The interaction between A.chroococcum bacteria and T.harzianum fungi were positively ,while addition (100%)of nitrogen fertilizer caused no significant increased in plant height and dry weight campard with adding biofertilizer.

A study on the effect of three kinds of Auxins and Benzyladenin (BA) on callus initation from leaves ;shoot tip and internodes of (Sage) Salvia officinalis was carried out. The study was conducted at the tissue culture lab./Hort.Dept./College of Agric./Univ. of Baghdad, from April/2008 to October /2009 .Explants were cultured on a modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium.Five levels of either 2,4-dichloro phenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) , Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or Indoleacetic acid (IAA) were added to the medium. Concentrations of each auxin were 0 ,0.5 ,1.0 , 2.0 or 4.0 mg.l-1 ; four levels of BA 0 , 0.2 , 0.4 or 0.8 mg.l-1 were supplemented to the medium. The study inculuded effect of each Auxin alone or in combination with BA on callus intiation. Results could be summarized as follows: Callus intiation from leaves culture was superior in increasing callus fresh and dry weight companing with shoot tip and internode culture, when MS medium supplemented with the auxin alone or in combination with Cytokinin. Highest values of callus fresh and dry weight were registered when leaves were explanted on MS medium supplement with 1.0 mg/l of 2,4-D in combination with 0.2 mg.l-1 of BA , the values were 0.3225 g and 0.0308 g. respectively

A plastic house experiment was conducted in horticulture department- college of Agriculture , Tikrit university to determine the relationship between the concentration of some heavy metals in Soil and three carrot cultivars : local , Nantes and Syrian . using four heavy metals Zn, Ni, Cr and Cd with concentrations 100,100,100, and 30ppm respectively . This experiment conducted on one polluted and non polluted Soil . Results indicates that:- 1-Superiority of Nants cultivar was related with a reduction in Cr concentration in plant roots and leaves in both Soil. 2-Increasing Zn concentration in leaves of the three cultivars in polluted Soil respect to control was related with decrease in Ni. 3- concentrations relationship was reversible between Zn concentration and Cd concentration in plant roots in control , this relationship was not present in plant roots grown in polluted soil. 4- The relationship between heavy metals and plants was controlled by physiological characteristic of the plant species and heavy metal concentration and properties in soil .

A study on the effect of irrigation with magnetized water and phosphorus fertilization on vegetative growth and flowering of Rosa damascena was conducted from April/ 2009 to Nov./2009. Water was magnetized by two magnetic fields levels. Magnetization was applied by passing regular water through magnetrons for one time. Magnetic field levels were 500 or 1500 gauses. Two concentrations of P fertilizers were sprayed ; 20 or 40 g/l. Control plants were sprayed with distilled water. Results were as follows : Watering plants with magnetic water with both magnetic fields significantly increased plant height, branch diameter, no. of leaves, leaves area and vegetative dry weight. However, magnetized water decreased no. of branches/plant. Magnetized water with 500 gauses was more effective on all parameters. Plant height reached up to 69.65 cm.; branch diameter 3.86 cm.; no. of leaves /plant 100.25 ; leaves area 89.38 cm2 ; leaves chlorophyll content 465.5 mg/m2. Moreover, Magnetized water with 500 gauses was superior on all flowering parameters tested comparing with 1500 gauses. No. of flowers was 7.81 flowers/plant , flower diameter 12.98 cm. , flowering period 9.79 days, vase life 11.79 days and dry weight of flowering 31.44 g. Spraying plants with P levels significantly increased all growth and flowering parameters. The higher level P (40 g/l) was more effective on plant height (64.96 cm.) ; no. of leaves (109,08 leaves/plant) ; leaves area (83.04 cm2) ; leaves chlorophyll content (458.2 mg/m2); flower diameter (12.45 cm.) and flowers dry weight (29.40g. However, P leaves were not effective on vase life parameter. Most of interaction treatments between magnetized water and P concentrations were significantly increased all vegetative growth and flowering parameters.

This study was conducted in the Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture /University of Baghdad during 2008-2009 season to find the possibility of using the weeds of cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica) as a replacement for wheat straw in the cultivation of oyster mushroom [Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.:Fr.)] because it is hard to find wheat straw around the year and it is high price and it is using as an animal feed. The white strains of oyster mushroom was imported from Jordan as a pure culture and used for spawn production. Supplement of wheat bran, sawdust and crushed cotton seeds was added to the weed substrate to increase the biological efficiency and the storage life of the mushroom. The flowing storage temperatures 2±1, 4±1, 8±1 and 23±2 ºC was conducted using very accurate incubators. The results showed that addition of 10 % wheat bran to cogon grass substrate increased the yield to 921.50 gm/kg of dry substrate and increased the biological efficiency significantly to 92.15 %. Increasing the percentage of wheat bran to 20% in cogon grass substrate increased protein content to 27.20 %, and this increase was also significant compared with other treatments. Addition of 10 % wheat bran to cogon grass substrate increased oyster mushroom dry matter to 11.48% while the dry matter was 8.78% in the control Studying the effect of storage temperature showed that 2±1ºC was the best degree for postharvest oyster mushroom storage, this temperature reduced the weight loss and inhibit the degradation of the chemical compounds with high food value in the fruiting bodies such as protein content and phenolic compounds Compared with other degrees. Addition of 20% crushed cotton seeds to the substrate reduced protein loss during storage. Also the addition of 10% crushed cotton seeds to the substrate reduced weight loss to 8.75% compared with 10.71% in the control treatment.

This study was conducted to determine the distribution of CMVin protected fields cultivated by Solanaceae plants.750 samples collected from different town in Diyala province from Solanaceae plants seems that infection by CMV .This samples showing that more of 60% of disease plants is infected by CMV . Diagnosis of CMV was according to the symptom which appearance on indicator ,diagnosis plants ,physical properties to this virus and transmission by seeds . Samples were grounded in phosphate buffer in mortar , we suggested to use integrate Pest control to reduce the infection in this virus

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of common reed on some properties of saline soil and growth of barley . The experiment was carried out an clayey soil. plastic pots were used and common reed was applied at three levels(0%,1% and 2%) based on dry soil weight .each pot was planted with(20) seeds of barley . The following parameters were measured soil salinity(ECe) and soil acidity (PH), organic matter content and physical properties of soil(mean weight diameter ,hydraulic conductivity , bulk density and available water. The plant height and dry weight of plant were measured after one month from planting . The results showed that: Reduction of soil salinity and increase in salinity infiltrated water from the pots decrease of soil PH and increase of soil organic matter content with the increasing levels of common reed. The mean weight diameter, hydraulic conductivity values , available water were increased . bulk density at decreased with levels of The dry weight and plant height increase with increasing levels of common reed . from the results of this experiment, we recommend that the addition rate of 2% of common reed improvement some of the saline soil properties.

The purpus of this study was to investigate the effect of used Soyamilk (liquid) on increased of chocolate cake and of sensory properties if it used in different proportion , when used instead of cow s milk . The result have been showed that the treatment of 50% soyamilk increased the cake 3.6 cm. Comparing with the treatment 0% soyamilk , that had been increased the cake 3.2 cm. Whereas the sensory evalution , that the best treatment 50% soyamilk then treatment 25% soyamilk in properties of general acceptance , it was got (6.0) degree and (5.5) degree respectively comparing of the treatment 0% soyamilk it was get (5.5) degree . In general ,that treatment 25 and 50% soyamilk , it got the best of sensory properties.

This research was conducted at Mandali , Diyala – Iraq to study fruit set and crop quantity in Date Palm C.V. Ashrassi. Highest fruit set (58.26 % ) obtained when pollinating on the day of Spathe opening and no statistics difference with pollinating before one day from Spathe opening (55.32 % ) . The delay decreased fruit set ,which was 50.76% (pollinating after 2 days ) and 27.08 % (pollinating after 4 days from Spathe opening ) . The same differences was obtained with crop quantity