journal of the college of basic education

The senography achieved extensive presence in the Al- Ghadeer feast epic , because what the epic is a narrative of past events interspersed with interlocutor figures , so it has added vitality to the poem, and transferred to the recipient scenes characterized the movement, and the drawing of the state figures, and a personal way of thinking which was reflected on her actions, as well as the dialogue, which has had a role in determining the dimensions of the modern, and give a vital element in the text .

The research aims to indicate efforts Zamakhshari intruder in a statement in explanation of the interpretation of Scouts.
Find the limits:
Determine the role of research in determining the Zamakhshari in the face of the intruder in the interpretation of the places mentioned, which states the term mentioned heresies interpretations. Reaching this places the subject in the interpretation of twentieth Scout.
Why choose to search:
Why I choose this title for the search goes back to the commentators preferred to the first statement, and the imam Zamakhshari in particular in the care of the Koran, and save it from fads, and the intruder in the interpretation of its verses, and its meaning.
Systematically in this study:
As for the systematic can be summarized as follows:
1. Proportion to their habitat -.verses in the Book of God -
2. Graduation from the hadith authentic references, relying primarily on written conversations right, If they do not talk the talk came back to the books of the other.
3. What's interpreted Gamad of words and explain the statement, if any.
4. When documenting the margins mention the name of the book and the author name in full is the first time only and then I remember the full title of the book as well.
5. The references in the index so I remember the title of his book, then the author's name, then the investigator, then place printing, then printing house, then the edition number, and date of printing.
6. Sources and references arranged according to the alphabet of the names of the books.
7. Divided the research plan on the front, and two sections and a conclusion, and spoke in the introduction about the importance of research, and the limits of the search, and the reasons for his choice, and the methodology the researcher, and a plan of study.

In the law of Islam, monasteries has a special provision , especially it carry a number of thoughts and believes in some contents that came by the Islamic law , investigating about this field gives a special impression based upon how to deal with such topic by the law of Islam through the limits, rules that limited towards them by the law of Islam.

The significance of this topic lies in identifying the provisions of the monasteries in the Islamic World from the side of developing, tearing down, rebuilding, and the relationships of Moslems with these monasteries through other dealings.

The recent study is divided into five sections besides into a conclusion. Section one identified definitions of basic terms such as monasteries and any other related utterances . Section two showed the provisions of these monasteries through developing these monasteries, rebuilding , tearing down, transferring some to another places, put some recommendations about rebuilding them and entailing on them. Section three , showed the provisions of purchasing and renting some lands to be taken as a monastery. Section four stated the provisions of interring and permission to do so and how could Moslems work in it . Finally, section five dealt with other different issues dealt with monasteries.
The study has concluded with the most important results concluded by this study.

We praise our exalted God and bless his prophet Muhammad and his household who was sent for bringing mercy to all the world.
The Quranic sciences are considered to be the real defender on the God's book, because they are the means that support the Quranic text and its meanings, the splendor of its composing, the highness of its aims and values, in other word the Quranic sciences reveal its miraculous and greatness. So many Quranic studies have appeared differed through all the Islamic ages, these studies dealt with the Quranic science in its legal, rhetorical, miraculous and linguistic sides.
The works of Al- Raghib formed a great heritage that contributed to enrich the Islamic and Arabic library with Taffsir sources that enriched the hidden words with clear meaning, that is because of his skilfalness in Al- Taffsir and abundance in linguistic and exegesis, he was dealing with the real meaning of the root of the word then he donoted to what the derivation of the subject then he explained the rhetorical meaning, and to what lead to the real meaning that wanted from the word, then he (Al- Raghib) goes in the subject of research of Quranic sciences concluded by recitations, Taffsir the Quran by Quran, the sayings of the followers of the prophet and to the other subjects of research that he discussed in his book.
I admired his style in explaining the meanings of the verses depending on its reasons of reveal and the relationship between them and the previous one and the latest one. His aim was clear towards literal meaning to reach the extent of link between the rhetorical meaning and the ambiguous real meaning. That's what attrack me to study Al- Raghib book so I entitled it with (The Quranic subjects of research in terms of Quranic expressions for Al-Raghib Al- Asfahany collecting and study).
Because of the abundance of the scientific article and the variety of the Quranic subjects of research, the plan of research was to be five subjects of research. In the first one I took the reasons of reveal and its effect in exposing the specific meaning of the Quranic text, Al- Raghib was taking his way in preference on another according to the source of the narration and its fitting to the content of the Quranic text which served the wanted meaning. In the second subject of research I defined Al- Muhkam and Al- Mutashabih in language and statute. Then I went to the faces of Muhkam and Al- Mutashabic for Al- Muffasireen (explainers) and compared it with the definition of Al- Raghib with the showing of its varieties and types according to the verses that Al- Raghib stopped at it longly demanding for meaning and avoiding suspicion.
In the third subject of research I took al- Nassikh and Al- Mansookh. I exposed in it linguistic and legal meaning and the wisdom in it also Al- Raghib style in the deduction of the Quranic text places. The fourth one was in recitations and its definition, beginning and its development but what stopped me in more than place was his conclusion in irregular one, because he didn't prefer any one that serve the meaning he only showed it for the meaning and the context of the verses in its rules of unification and the legal texts. In the fifth subject of research I took Al- Taffsir and its definition, ways, types, and the methods that he mentioned in the places of Taffsir and his research to reach to the wanted meaning from the Quranic text or what is called the holly verse context.
Then in the conclusion of research which was the important reasons that I reached and put in it the sources and references.

The research aims to find out Otrastrutacetin teaching, brainstorming and (Think - Pair - Share) on the achievement and intelligence in mathematics with students fourth grade science in mathematics, the selected sample search of 75 students from a secondary school in Baghdad, divided into three groups studied first group strategy brainstorming and studied second group strategy (Think - Pair - Share) third group studied the traditional way, the researcher built tools in search (achievement test, test intelligence in mathematics), and using statistical means test Levin, ANOVA, equation Pearson, and scheffe test to compare averages. Achieve the following results:
1) than the two experimental groups to the control group in the variable collection and intelligence in mathematics.
2) There are a statistically significant difference between the two experimental groups in the variables of achievement and intelligence in mathematics.
The researcher recommended the need to make a meaningful teaching for students taking into account the needs and concerns by providing content on a basis consistent with the problems it faces and Training of Teachers of Mathematics on the use of modern strategies and move away from traditional methods and strategies.

Language is a key factor in adapting to society, and a means of communicating with others. Therefore, the language used to express our feelings and our thoughts and contribute mainly in the learning and skills, and can say that we think about language. And children in the acquisition of language is going through several stages starting from screaming to the simulation, and then simulation and later acquire the language of the community in which they live. There are several factors that help to acquire the language such as intelligence, social medium, practicing the language, repetition of language, the environment in which they live, the element of encouragement, understanding and other factors.
But sometimes language may exposed to some disorders related to defects affecting speech, such as addition, deletion, substitution and distortion or defects related to words such as hardness of speech, aphasia and delayed speech, or defects regarding the nature of sound whether intensity or severity or disorders. and can return these disorders to many factors, organic or psychological or family and these disorders can be treated in many ways such as physical and verbal treatment to correct pronunciation and pushing the child in various activities with other children.
There are multiple exercises and tips that can help teacher or therapist to correct speech defects, such as exercises of the tongue in front of the mirror and the conversation and provide an atmosphere of love and trust and interest and other tips that would benefit in improving the use of language or speech of the children disturbed linguistically. We ask Almighty Allah to pay more interest and knowledge and ability to care for the needy and helping them.
The research sample was deliberately selected from four kindergartens belong to the Directorate of Baghdad / Rusafa Al-Oula from (100) children represented by (50) male children and (50) female children and for both levels distributed by (100) from kindergartens and (100) from preliminary school.
Through access to literature and previous studies and theoretical frameworks referred to by the two researchers in the first and the second quarter, a number of paragraphs have been collected, which put in question accompanied by the figures for each paragraph (for each character alphabetical) and divided for two parts, the ability skill to clearly pronounce words expressed by the image and the ability Skill to correctly pronounce the alphabet letters depending on its phonetics.
The number of paragraphs of the test in each sub-test were (28) and (56) total paragraphs. Virtual honesty was adopted to find out the competency of the test that was prepared by the two researchers, and it has been presented by a group of expertise to assess the compatibility and suitability of the test or test ability to measure the phenomenon to be measured.
As it turns out also that all the paragraphs were valid and has not been deleted, but some of these paragraphs has been modified. The test was applied individually, so the preparation of instructions was set for each sub-test by the two researchers. The test application time ranged between (25-45) minutes, the correlation coefficient was adopted by the researchers and following method and calculate the reliability coefficient for the test reaching a value (0.83) which included both of the major test and the sub-tests. The experiment was designed in a way that give a direct mark because the answer for the whole test was specified with only two options, either (zero) for false answer or (1) for correct answer. Each question was classified into a columns and specified by a number and a mark using the available statistical tools ( Qi square test, equation of discrimination coefficient, equation of difficulty coefficient, equation of bilateral correlation coefficient, and coefficient of ease).
The researchers have used the percentile and statistical tool for the detection of this goal, the results showed that there is a difference and fluctuation between the responses of children to test at the speech and verbal level, and the conclusions were the presence of various disorders related to the words and phonetic letters. This result could be explained according to the theoretical integration, which mean building of linguistic efficiency of the child depend on the reaction of these tests with each situation leading to a gradual expansion of the phonetic meaning for the child. Finally, the two researchers indicate that there are variations in the percentages of phonetic disorders between children when they trying to acquire language, which may be due to the effect of both genetics and environment. The statistics of phonetic and speech disorders of kindergartens referred to as (77%) of the total adult children (200), and they also suffering from these phonetic and speech disorders regarding the difficulty of phonetic expression of letters reaching to (45%) of the adult children (200) showing a higher percentage between males than females.

This study showed that the species of the genus Althaea L. had been varied in ecology, geographical distribution and grown in different altitude.
Species were varied in distribution on Iraqi phytogeography districts .
A. ludwigii distributed in most districts of Desert region (D) ,central alluvial plain (LCA) and upper jazira district (FUJ) , it was widely distribution in Iraq. A. cannabina & A. hirsute distributed in Mountain Region (M) in Sulaimanyia (MSU), Rowanduz (MRO) and Amadiya (MAM) Districts , as well as Nineveh District. A. officinalis distributed in Rowandoz & Amadiya Districts , it was rare in Iraq.
The variation in ecology and geographical distribution had taxonomic value in diagnostic species.

This research addressed as “touch screen and its act in the design of industrial product”, in the subject of modern products design which contain a touch screen, which considered a keystone in products design in currents days. This has led to considerable changes in in the apperant level of system design. The first chapter addressed the research problem and question as: what is the role of touch screen as an effective act in the resulting design system as a whole. And the research goal: in identifying the methods of touch screen as an effective act in product design. The research limitations identified with the modern digital products which contain touch screen in the years 2011-2012. the second chapter contain the theoretical literature. The third chapter contain the research Procedures which contain multiple procedures one of them is a questionnaire. The fourth chapter contain the analyzes of research sample, which resulted a number of results th most important of them is:
1. touch screen has achieved a new and different formative system in the design of devices, and as a result to this touch screen the devices has designed in a flat way.
2. the designs appeared with no bottoms and products Supplementary parts in all the research sample.
the most important of the conclusions is:
1. touch screen has helped in creating a new formative system in product design differ of the earlier designs.
2. implementing the touch screen in product design has gave the product interface a flat surfaces and a geometric shapes.

Fashion is a manifestation of peoples are manifestation, they undoubtedly constitute another manifestation which their peoples seek to exploit.
Clothing is one of the most important elements of material culture that determine – ostensibly at least – being a member of certain ethnic or culture group, and this is clearly reflected in the considerable diversity in the raw materials used in the manufacture of clothing, diversity is usually related to the diversity of geographic environments in which they lives, as reflected in the variety of colors and models that have a dominant culture values system played a major role in testing.
This study is to try as much as possible to access the evolution of fashion in Iraq a scientific study into account national and religious nature and geographical account be precise so as not to hold misgivings

The research titled as (the formalist system and it's relation by functional performance in designing Home machine form)deal with the motif of finding the concepts knowledge presented in the functional formalist system concepts and effects in industrial performing in studying the developed context of industrial products and take the advantaging from putting the exponents to study, in order developing determinability systems by formalist system effect and relating with functional performance in designing machine form.This study doesn't find enough space by researches and studies that studying machines limiting the research problems by the next question (what is the role of functional performance in constructing formalist system to form the design of home machine) this study take the studying of formalist system and it's relations with functional performance to form the design of Home machine kind (SINGER – GEMSY), CHINA origin from Years (2004 – 2007).In This study we show five chapters, chapter one included on research problem, it's important and the need for it ,targets , the bounds and also specific terms, while chapter two consists of previous studies consisting on three searches of theoretical frame the first one under title of the machines Home designing including parts of machines and operating foundations while the second search consists the designing system including of the formalist system of Home machine and the system potions, system sensation, system attributes, designing systems and formalist system. The search consists also on perceptive elements to design the form including the form, form and perception of the form, form and size perception, mass and structural designing system it also includes on the elementary employee in Home machine according to the analyses list.The third chapter consists of search producer while chapter four takes samples analyses and description according to hub list depending by the research.Chapter five includes on conclusions and consequences, suggestions and recommendations with the most important conclusions of the study reaching to the general form ingredients of machine design which have role in designing system using different un - traditionalist shapes, different feel and chromatic color considering formalist system of designing elements principle.

The variation of teaching methods in the material elements of art and lack of interest lecturers principle of individual differences and adopt traditional methods have had effect in this study, which aims to ((preparing an educational program using computer-style self-learning and know its impact on the collection and the direction of the students in the material elements of art)).
Sample consisted search of students in the Department of Art Education first grade, and the use Researcher design Altgerbibi a disciple partial promising choice for the collection of type (test multiple), also relied on the Likert scale to gauge the direction of the students about the elements of multiple) also relied on Likert scale to gauge the direction of students article about the elements of art,
The results showed the superiority of the experimental group on the control group, Qdila about the direction of students positive article about the elements of art, the researcher used statistical methods appropriate, also concluded that there is effective for the education program to collect and direction of students, the researcher recommended activating and increasing educational programs using the computer, as He suggested that there be a similar study of other subjects and on a variable such as inferential thinking.

Functional aesthetics is a conceptual dimension of product aesthetics, which is differ from the formal aesthetics. Because the considerations of aesthetics in this aspect, adds by the user, and the designer tend to imply it in product design as essential content, received by the user through the interaction process, and through the benefits the user get from the product’s intended functionality, through the physical and meaningful aspects. In this dimension (the functional aesthetics), I am trying to establish objective principles to the judgment of taste in this area. The functional aesthetics defined as : “ the integration of power and simplicity in invention, which is the key element to develop the products, that help the user to liberated from the outside logic of products toward a “ Symbiosis creative” between the user and the products utilities”. Products defined as “ the things that within its features gives pleasure to human, in a way or another”. This definition arise two points of view: the use value and the exchange value. The use value refer to the benefits of product functions while exchange value refer to the exchange situation between the user and the product. In fact, the exchange situations between the user and the products, presented here in the form of functional aesthetics, which is a one side of the exchange values between the user and the product, which is overlapped with the considerations of benefits and usability, and its final results will be formed as a pleasure that will be received from attending product functionality

The impact of investment time main section of the lesson on the development of some skills of basketball
Require a basketball player to make the maximum effort an individual highlights the skill high during play and relies on mastery of basic skills of the game well, so that he can master the work Alvrgi joint, which consists of the application of thematic plans, whether to defend or attack basketball like any game Frekaya rather than from the rest of Differential Games in the types of plans used in the play.
Hence the importance of research emerged in the testing of investment time main section of the lesson to be mediated by the additional development of some skills in basketball
And use the experimental approach to female phase IV Faculty of Physical Education and of their number (20) students, has been a homogenization of the sample individuals in the variables (height, weight and age), and after splitting the sample randomly into two groups, experimental and control the rate of (10) students per group, were Find equivalence between the two groups in the pretest score for the peaceful and clapotement and handling pectoris.
In the light of experience exploratory researcher prepared the exercises in a manner Circuit Training.
And applied within the Platform for basketball in the sacend stage the main section and by two units of training per week at a rate of 90 minutes of the module and over the months .
Bag was used SPSS statistical ready to deal with the results obtained from the experiment according to the law (the law of T for samples related to the T and the law of independent samples). And concluded that the time investment lesson of duty additional work on the development of some basic skills of basketball, Therefore, the researcher recommends that the side with additional duties and time investment for the development of the lesson and develop the skills of basketball.

Touched on search performance skills weak in my skills serve and beating overwhelming Club and Sam Glory Volleyball - Sitting The researcher must be to strengthen the training curriculum for the players exercise skill vehicle in order to contribute to the development of performance because it makes the performance fun and interesting at the same playing conditions the real, which helps in the development of aspects of the performance skills of my skills serve and beating crushing the ball in the plane for this sample representing a club mission in Baghdad and the provinces has been the goal of research into the number of exercises skill vehicle and find out the impact of these exercises to develop the performance skills of my skills transmission and beating overwhelming Volleyball - sit for the club and the Order of Glory, may suppose the researcher to exercise skill composite active role in the development of performance skills for my skills serve and beating overwhelming for members of the sample The research was conducted on the football team and Sam Glory Volleyball - sit down and the 12 players representing 100% of the research community, has prepared a researcher exercises skill and amended The test pilot then made a match to determine the performance of the skills under study and applied exercises, and was then testing a posteriori, and after obtaining the Albanat been processing the results statistically and to reach the positive impact caused by the exercise of skill vehicle in the development of performance for my skills serve and beating crushing the ball flight - sit down and recommended that the researcher These exercises need to adopt in the future to volleyball teams and try to work out with the defensive skills that the researcher did not touch her service to this segment of society.

The research aims to (identify the relationship between the explosive power of the muscles of the legs and the success of skill bulwark of players Mustansiriya University volleyball) and assumed researcher (and a correlation between the explosive power of the muscles of the legs and skill bulwark team Mustansiriya University volleyball) and included a sample search (12 ) player of the team Mustansiriya University of the ball and concluded the researcher (there is a correlation positive between the explosive power of the legs and the success bulwark volleyball) and the researcher (the need to develop explosive power of the legs of the volleyball players being one of the most important success factors bulwark)

In this work, effect films thickness (106-200-350-500nm) of In2O3 deposited onto the p-n junction's silicon solar cells, as antireflection coating، by rapid thermal oxidation at different a range of oxidation temperature up to (350-400-450C°) on .
The measurement of the short circuit current-open circuit voltage show improved with conversion efficiency of the p-n junction solar cell after coating by In2O3 film 500nm thickness and oxidation temperature ( 3.95%) before coating it became (10.95%) after coating by at 450C° oxidation temperature .
And through the study of the detectives properties ,the maximum spectral response at the wave length 800nm was (0.126A/W) before the coating improved after coating it became (0.45A/W) ,at the same wavelength, as for the Quantum efficiency ,it was( 1.95%) before the coating became ( 7%) by In2O3 film 500nm thickness at 450C° oxidation temperature.

Greenhouse and laboratory experiments were conducted at the Mustansiryah University in 2011 to investigate the possible allelopathic potential of Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) crabgrass and its decomposed residues on bladygrass (Imperata cylindrical) seedling growth and seed germination and cell division.
The research showed that the aqueous extracts of decomposed of root plant and root exudates that (they have escaped to the associated soil of crabgrass) depressive seed germination to 70% and 80% to seedling growth depressive in miotic index and showed high efficiency in cell division in root tip of bladygrass plant.
The undecomposed and decomposed treatment of crabgrass containen phenolic, steroid,tanin,coumarin,and essensial terpenes it is found in un decomposed treatments and not found in the decomposed treatments, and glycoside found in undecomposed treatments and not found in decomposed treatments

In this research; The effect of vanadium doped ZnO at different ratios (1,3,5,7)% on the structural parameters and some optical properties such as, (Transmittance, Absorptance) has been studied.
These thin films were prepared by the chemical spray pyrolysis and deposited on the glass substrates heated at (450 oC).The study showed that; The addition of vanadium changes the transmittance and absorptance values, also,The structural parameters values are changed for the prepared thin films.

The sample of high temperature superconductivity of type Tl-2223
( Tl2 Ba2Ca2Cu3O10+ ) have been prepared by using solid state reaction method . The samples have been prepared at the sintering temperature (840o C) for (24h ) at average heating rate
( 2o C/ Min ) and hydrostatic pressure (8 ton / cm2).
The partial substitution effect of(Ag) in (Tl) and ( Sr ) in ( Ba ) in the compound as
(Tl2Ba2¬-ySryCa2Cu3O10+ ) has been investigated where (x= y= 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3). The X-Ray diffraction patterns were obtained , the compound has been characterized as ( Tl-2223 ) having tetragonal structure with lattice parameters ( a=b=3.91 ) and (c= 33.54 for ( x=y=0 ). Also the X-Ray diffraction data showed that the structure of the compound is tetragonal phase in the rang

An experiment was conducted to assess the effect of Eucalyptus extraction and VitaminC and acetylsalicylic acid on some vegetative growth characteristics and yield content of bean plant (Vicia faba L.). The experiment was carried out in the botanical garden of college of Education Ibn-ALhaitham,University of Baghdad during the growing season2010-2011. Result indicated that the concentrations5%,10%of Eucalyptus extraction gave significantly effect that increase the crop growth speed ,relative growth rate of the leaves,No. of pods /plan ,length of pod,No.of grains /pod percentage of the soluble carbohydrate in the grains,and percertage of protein in the grains .on the other hand the concentration 40ppmVitaminC increased the thickness of the stem (mm),while the concentration 20ppm Vitamin C gave on increasing in the leaf area index .The two concentrations (40,60)ppm of acetylsalicylic acidgave on increasing in stem length ,no of pods ,weight of grain.

The biological experiment was studied the effect of two concentration 10% and 30% of Rosmarinus officinalis , Lippia citriodora and Laurus noblis on growth and yield component of pea Pisum sativium L . The results showed that plant extract effect signi ficartlyin the height of plants , number of leaves , surface area of leaf , leaf area index , leaf area relative , biological harvest , harvest index and percentage of carbohydrates in seeds .

Research was conducted to study the effect of Zamzam water,root extract of Zingiber officinale,and fruit extract of Cuminum cyminum on germination of seed and growth of seeding of fabaceae family such as,Cicer arietinum ,phosela Vulgaris , and Vigna sinensis .
The result showed that Zamzam water effected significantly in percentage of seed germination, acceleration of germination ,promoter indicator ,speed elongation of radical and plumule, secondary root and soluble carbohydrate percentage of seedling , but plant extracts in both concentration 10% and 20%effected differently in physioloyical characters on Fabaceae Family.

This research aimed to the Evaluation of Practice of Camle Breeders in Some Governorates of Middle Euphrats / Iraq, The process of evaluation of Practice of Camle took stages, these stages are thefirst: Literatures&Folders Extension in field of farm animals, containing of fifth field , Thrity Four items the second: A preliminary of Practice of Camle Scale was showed to a group of experts and specialized persons in agricultural extension field ,veterinary & animal products, to express their opinions about fields and items of the of Practice of Camle scale and its fitness.the. third:Used the tri of Practice of Camle scale consists of Weak, Partially and Complete , and put degrees of the tri scale Practice of Camle according to:Weak 1 degrees , Partially 2 degrees and Complete 3 degrees. four stage : determining the groups of criteria to evaluate of Practice of Camle. Fife stage : Surveying of Practice of Camle .six stage :: Compare between criteria and surveying , and Judgment about Practice of Camle. . The research population is(1800 breeder) in Some Governorates of Middle Euphrats(Al-Muthana , Thiqar , Qadisiya , Babylon) / Iraq . A sample was randomly chosen using the stratified method a percentage of (10%) the numbers are (180 breeder) . A questionnaire used to collect datas from the sample.The statistical tools used are the Weighed Mean,Alpha cronbach coefficient.
This research ended to the Evaluation of Practice of Camle Breeders in Some Governorates of Middle Euphrats / Iraq stands in the medium level. The research recommendations that aiming to support the Evaluation of Practice of Camle Breeders in Some Governorates of Middle Euphrats / Iraq,that reflected a positive improving productivity and production of farming system

This study addressed the problem of the products side as a result of the interaction of natural organic matter with chlorine used for disinfection, where these products cause, according to research and intensive studies of many cancer diseases. Therefore it was necessary to conduct an assessment of the presence of these compounds in drinking water, specifically the city of Baghdad. We have worked assess the extent of (7) months, starting from "(April until October) and we have noted there are several areas with concentration of Chloroform , which is one of the group triglyceride Halo methane and composite the first in the group high and then click to the limit. And we dealt with my way of dealing with the reduction of these compounds They use (activated carbon) and technical (coagulation enhanced), where the results showed the effectiveness of these methods and efficiency, as well as we dealt with two types of Almktherat IT coagulation improved substitutes for alum, which is commonly used in our stations are iron compounds and polymeric materials such as poly aluminum chloride (PACL).

This study was conducted in Ba’quba general hospital and Al-Batul hospital during 1/12/2004 to 31/3/2005.Occurrence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was investigated in 161 samples from different clinical sources included Swabs from wounds, burns, ear, eye and samples from Urine and sputum. Which were collected from patients.
Depending on the cultural and micro features and biochemical tests, 49 isolated items of this bacteria have been diagnosed and all the isolates showed the ability to produce alkaline protease enzyme by using skim milk agar medium through forming clear zone around the growing colonies.
The local isolate P.aeruginosa AP3 had been selected based on the higher productivity of enzyme comparing to other isolated and thus it was used in the current study.
The relationship between the production of alkaline protease enzyme and growth phases of P.aeruginosa was studied to determine the time of production of the enzyme . The results showed that the local isolate P.aeruginosa AP3 began the production of the enzyme in the later stages in the log phase and it was increased significantly in the stationary phase reaching the maximum after 48 hours (159.2 units/ml) in leaky farm and keep the enzyme was fully functional 'almost in the stationary phase.

An anatomical study of six species of genus Potamogeton from Iraq, P. crisps L., P. lucens L., P. pectinatus L, P. nodosus poir, P. perfoliatus L. and P. praelongous Wulf were studied. It was clear that certain structural characteristics were of significant importance in separation of these taxa, such as the presence of hypodermis in the leaves, endodermis of U-type and o-type and divided the species to five groups depending on vascular bundle arrangement.
Stomata absence from the abaxial and adoxial surface of leaves of all examined species. The ground tissue was spongy with numerous and large air cavities in all studied taxa. Transverse sections of stems were characterized as circle in P. pectinatus while semi-circular in P. praelongus, while the rectangular was clearly in the rest of the species. The stem anatomy of P.perfoliatus is characterized by a central stele in which three of the four median bundles, while with seven to nine separated vascular bundles in P.prealongus.

The aim of this work to give method to solve linear fractional programming using a complementary slackness method and comparing the solution with complementary method to reach the global optimal solution.

Furniture carpet beetle, Anthrenus flavipes LeConte is considered an important pest of animal products such as wool, hair, fur, feathers, hide and others. Its larvae feed on these materials and cause serious damage to them. While Adult beetles feed on pollen and nectar.
Preference of larva and adult was investigated under laboratory conditions of 30 ± 3°c, relative humidity 50 ± 5 and photoperiodicity (hour) 1 light: 23 dark. They were fed on 8 materials, crude sheep wool, goats hair, camel hair, sheep hide, dead insects, birds feather, human hair and natural silk. Adult females raised when larvae on these materials laid total eggs on the average 45.0, 40.4, 26.2, 18.0, 26.2, 26.2, 20.0, 17.2, per female respectively.
Percent hatch of these eggs was 90.00, 93.01, 86.20, 95.10, 80.31, 84.00, 68.10, 68.12 respectively Incubation period was not affected by larval food.
Larval number on the average 19.8, 20.0, 8.8, 8.4, 21.8, 8.6, 4.6 and 4.2 when larvae have fed on tested materials respectively.
Adult females laid total eggs on tested materials average; 18.4, 12.8,8.2, 4.6,4.2, 10.8, 2.4, and 2.8 eggs respectively. Similarly, oviposition periods were also varied. They were 9.2, 5.4, 4.2, 4.6, 5.0, 2.4, 2.0 and 1.6 days respectively. Post – oviposition periods were 5.0, 6.2, 5.0, 4.4, 8.2, 4.0, 2.2, and 2.4 days respectively.

Thin film of copper phthalocyanine has been deposited onto glass substrates by using thermal evaporation technique at room temperature. The dark electrical resistivity ( ) and thermoelectric power measurement were carried out at different temperatures in the range (293-503)K. The temperature dependence of current density allows the calculation of thermal activation energy that was (0.79)eV. Room temperature current-voltage characteristics measurement, using Hull effect allows the calculations of some essential parameters such as the electron mobility and concentration of electrons .

In this study, the local isolate of genus Aeromonas hydrophila which isolated from local fresh water was used,. This bacterium was investigated to produce B-hemolysin, the haemolytic activity of hemolysin against different RBCs sources shown human RBC s was optimum for hemolysis with value 65 unit, while sheep and rabbit RBCs hemolysis were 55, 52 unit respectively. The Histopathological effects for hemolysin and bacterial suspension were study, it was found that the hemolysin more active on kidney tissue of injected mice and caused many changes comparatively with bacterial suspension include atrophy of renal glomerulus, degeneration of nucleus , vaculation of cytoplasm , PMNs filtration and few hemorrhage in kidney tissue.

In this paper, some properties concerning orthonormal Bernstein polynomials are derived. An explicit formula for the derivative orthonormal Bernstein polynomials of degree five is obtained in terms of Bernstein polynomials themselves to construct the operational matrix of derivatives of orthonormal Bernstein polynomials. Then we apply it for solving calculus of variational approximately using direct method. Illustrative example is given to demonstrate the efficiency of the method.

Totally twenty six different isolates of Pseudomonas aeuruginosa ( P. aeruginosa ) were collected ,sixteen clinical isolates ( 62% of total group ) were isolated from different samples ( Urine , blood , sputum , wound , ear , eye and throat swabs ) from Medical city hospital in Baghdad, and ten environmental isolates ( 38%of total group ) were isolates from different places of soil and water in the same city . All isolates were diagnosed by bacteriological and biochemical tests . The crud DNA was extracted from all clinical and environmental isolates . BOX-PCR was achieved using BOX1AR primer . The BOX-PCR products were analyzed by horizontal agarose gel electrophoresis . The dendrogram for all isolates was draw by using band-based Jaccard and Dice coefficients where the fingerprints were generated by banding patterns using un weighted pair-group method with arithmetic average ( UPGMA ) , in order to study the relatedness among the clinical and environmental isolates . The results were showed that the crude DNA was suitable to BOX-PCR , and presence of the high similarity in banding patterns of clinical and environmental isolates itselves , which was about 45%-99% and 61%-100% in Jaccard and Dice coefficients respectively . The similarity between these two groups was about 40% and 55% in Jaccard and Dice coefficients respectively . Although , the marked relatedness among all clinical and environmental isolates , this study was concluded presence of genetic variation between the clinical and environmental isolates of this opportunistic bacterium , by using BOX-PCR technique and BOX1AR primer .

The external morphology of leafhopper belong to the genus Zelopsis sp. Evans 1966a, has been described.
External morphological characters of the head, thorax and their appendages were used and abdomen of (male and female). Those characters were supported by study the male and female genitalia.

This study aimed to synthesis and characterize hexadentate Schiff's base ligand with the general structure (H2L) containing nitrogen and oxygen donor atoms type (N2O4).The ligand (N,N)-bis-(salicylidine)-1,2-bis-(o-aminophenoxy) ethane (H2L) was prepared from the reaction of o-aminophenol with salicylaldehyde in an acidic medium and the precursor 2-(2-hydroxybenzylieneamino) phenol was obtained, this precursor was reacted with dichloroethane in alkali medium to obtain the ligand (H2L).The prepared ligand (H2L) is characterized by FT-IR,UV-Vis,1H-NMR spectra and. The ligand was reacted with some metal ions under reflux in methanol with (1:1) ratio gave complexes of the general formula [M (L)], Where: MII= Fe, Zn , Cd and Hg. These complexes were characterized by atomic absorption, chloride content, I.R, U.V-Vis spectra, molar conductivity, HPLC, melting point, and biological activity were tested for some complexes of this ligand .The molar conductance showed that, all complexes are non-electrolyte. According to all these measurements . The proposed structures for (H2L) complexes were an tetrahedral geometry for FeII , Zn II , CdII and HgII .

In this paper, we will study a modified Integro-Differential Equations Of Fractional Order of the form :

where the fractional order of differentiation and integration are different from each other, in which the Adomain decomposition method have been used to solve such type of problems for linear and non linear and cases, where such type of problems are so difficult to solve using other methods.

The aim of this paper is to control the movements of a vehicle wireless by using two ways: either to move in the four main directions through the keyboard of a computer, or to force the vehicle to move through a desired path by training the multi-layer feed forward neural network. This was done under three phases; the first phase was to design a specific hardware represented by an electronic board, which represents the transmission circuit to be interfaced with the computer to control the movement of the vehicle wirelessly, while the second phase was to implement a specific software to control the movement which was programmed by using the visual basic object oriented language, the third phase was to train the multi-layer feed forward neural network by the backpropagation learning algorithm to estimate the desired path of the vehicle’s movement, then to control the movement of the vehicle according to the desired path.

Polymer metal complexes of poly vinyl cyclicacetal and Ni (II), Mn (II), Co (II) and Hg (II) were prepared from the reaction of PVA with formaldehyde and 4-chlorobenzaldeyde.
It has been established that, the polymer and its metal complexes showed good activities against five pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Shigella dysentery, Klebsiella pneumonae, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus Albus) and two fungal (Aspergillus Niger, Yeast) for Poly Vinyl Formal (PVF) and Poly Vinyl Benzylidene (PVB). The polymer metal complexes showed higher activity than the free polymer. The order of increasing activities was polymer < pol-Mn < pol-Ni < pol-Co ˂ pol-Hg for both PVF and PVB. The ability of these compounds to show antimicrobial properties suggests that, they can be further evaluated for medicinal and/or environmental applications

Let R be an associative ring with center Z (R). In this paper we introduce the definition of reverse ????- centralizers of R which is a generalization of reverse-centralizers of R then we proved some results concerning reverse ????- centralizers in prime and semiprime rings. Then we introduce the definition of double reverse ????-centralizers which is a generalization of a double reverse- centralizers after that we shall generalized some results of double reverse-centralizers to a double reverse ????-centralizers.

In this work, we apply Wilcoxon singed-rank test upon three nonparametric random samples taken from serum thyroxin hormones which are T.S.H, T3,and T4 respectively with each sample size n=25, to test the hypothesis about population mean and tabulate the data. After applying the test we conclude that the chosen population means are accepted for all samples

The new complexes of Fe(II), Co(II) and Cu(II) with a multidentate Schiff-base ligand [HL] derived from the condensation reaction of ( 2,6-diformyl-4-methyl-phenol) with (4-phenylthiosemicarbazide) in mole ratios of 1:2. The complexes were synthesized in direct reaction of the corresponding metal chloride with the ligand. (FTIR, UV-Vis,1H.13C NMR, A.A), chloride content, conductance and melting point measurements The data of these measurements suggest octahedral geometry around Fe(II), Co(II) and Cu(II) ions. Biological activity of the ligand and its metal complexes against gram positive bacterial strain Bacillus (G+) and gram negative bacteria Pseudomonase (G-) revealed that the metal complexes become less resistive to the microbial activities as compared to the free ligand.

Objective: To assess the complications for patients associated with TURP, and Identify the relationship between the complications with some demographic variable , post operative data , and past history of the patient with TURP.
Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted on (78) patients with TURP, who were admitted in the urological floor and out patient urological clinics, was selected out of four Teaching Hospitals in Baghdad city The study was carried out during the period of 1st of June 2007 to the 1st of November 2008. The questionnaire consisted of (2) a major part, The first part is concerned with socio-demographic characteristics of these patients. The second part is concerned with post operative data and complications characteristics of these patients. Data were collected through the use of the questionnaire; the data collection was carried out during the period of 7th of October 2007 to the 30th of May 2008. Data were analyzed through the application of the descriptive and the inferential statistical data analysis approach.
Result: The findings of the study proved that, the socio – demographic characteristics of the TURP patients were (age, occupation status, education level, residential area, alcohol drinking, and smoking, had a significant difference effect . also the findings of the study proved that, the post operative data(duration of catheter , duration of irrigation , irrigation volume, and hospital stay duration), and past history of the patient had a significant difference effect for the complications post TURP.
Recommendation: The study recommended that, an education oriental program can be designed, constructed and a administered to patients with TURP surgery, and their family through which health and life related issues can be presented.

The present study was performed on 80 female subjects between (30-60) years, who attended the Specialized Center for Endocrinology and Diabetes during the period from April to July; 2011.The subjects were divided into 3 groups : controls , non diabetic autoimmune thyroid patients , and non diabetic autoimmune thyroid patient with renal diseases as complication . The results showed a significant increase in serum T3,T4 levels in hyperthyroidism patients, and significant decrease in serum T3,T4 levels in hypothyroidism patients ,while a significant difference in serum TSH levels in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism patients when compared to control group . The results show also a significant increase in serum antibodies to thyroid peroxidase(anti-TPO) level in both hyperthyroid and hypothyroid patient’s when compared to control group. In addition to, there was a significant increase in serum beta-2-microglobulin (β2M) level in thyroid patients and renal thyroid patients compared to control group, while there was no significant increase in serum β2M level in renal thyroid compared to thyroid patient’s.
In conclusion, β2M can be used as a biomarker in autoimmune thyroid and renal autoimmune thyroid patient’s. In addition to the β2M level in renal thyroid diseases was higher than that in thyroid diseases.

Clinical and epidemiological studies have confirmed that high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection (genotypes 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58 59, and 68) is the direct cause of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cancers. This study was designed to determine whether viral loads in relation with progression of HPV infections using real-time PCR. According to cytological test, 110 and 12 of suspected women with abnormal and normal cytologic changes were selected. Results showed that 35/110 and 2/12 women were positive for HR-HPV DNA. Results showed the median of viral load increasing in high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN II, III and cancer) and associated with the severity of lesion (786 copies/ml equivalent for CIN II, 2,037,000 copies/ml equivalent for CIN III, and 956,840 copies/ml equivalent for invasive cancer). Meanwhile, the median of viral load in CIN I showed more 250-fold higher than that of HPV infected women with normal cytology (183,700 copies/ml equivalent for CIN I and 683 copies/ml equivalent for normal cytology). Although the viral load was increased with primary infection and specific genotypes, high viral load was accompanied with severity of disease.

M D simulation of Pyrazole aqueous solution at 298.15, 303.15 and 308.15 K was carried out by using OPLS force field from this simulation we calculate RDF of N-H… OH2 and N…HOH type of interactions the results show that the hydration shell around N-H site at 5A0 is decade with increasing temperature and reformed at 10A0, so N site has two conserved hydration shells at approximate 4 and 6A0 respectively these are stable in this temperature range but the order and number of water molecules are varying with temperature specially the hydration shell at 4A0.

The objective of present study is to evaluate the levels of [Uric acid, Magnesium and haptoglobin] in sera of (20) Iraqi diabetes mellitus DM II and compare the value with (10) healthy control. The biochemical parameters which were measured include Uric acid , Magnesium and haptoglobin.
The results revealed a significant increase in levels of uric acid and haptoglobin and a significant decrease in Mg in sera of patient compared with healthy control. In conclusion the increasing of the positive acute phase protein (HP) due to the inflammatory process that occur in the DM II.

In this study the effect of Nagellia sativa seed oil was studied on cytopathic effect which result from injection number of mice intraperitonial with suspension of Staphylococcus aureus, these mice previously orally administrated with concentration 50 % of N. sativaoil, another mice group were injected with bacterial suspension without previously administrated with seed oil, the results were showed the cytopathic effect of S. aureus suspension on organs of mice that which administrate orally with N. sativaseed oil were lessthan effect of bacterialsuspension on organs of animal which don\'t previously administrated with seed oil.

Thin films of zinc sulfide (ZnS) have been deposited by chemical bath deposition technique using the zinc nitrate salt(Zn(NO3)2) was used as a source of zinc ions(Zn+2) and thiourea (SC(NH2)2) as a source of negative sulphide ions(S-2). The effect deposition temperature on the structural and optical properties is described. The XRD studies revealed that the deposited films have a polycrystalline and the hexagonal structure and the grain size increases from 22 nm to 45 nm with increasing deposition temperatures. The average transmittance of ZnS films in the visible region was between 40–701% with direct optical energy decreases from 3.66eV to 3.38 eV with increasing deposition temperature.

This study was conducted to determine the insecticidal activity of botanical powders from Fennel, Foeniculum vulgare Miller and Eurca sativa Miller against saw-toothed grain beetle Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.). Plant powders were admixed with wheat grains at concentrations of 5.0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 g/kg. The mortality was determined after 24 and 48 h after treatment then the flasks were kept to get F1 progeny. Results showed that all tested concentrations for both F. vulgare and E. sativa exhibited high toxicity effects on O. surinamensis adults and the high toxicity rate was concentration and time dependent. On the basis of lethal toxicity (LC50) value fruit powder from F. vulgare were more toxic to O. surinamensis adults than seed powder from E. sativa at 24 and 48 hrs after treatment. Also, the fruit powder of F. vulgare caused a very strong F1 progeny population inhibition activity against O. surinamensis with the highest inhibition rate was counted from the wheat grain treated with 80 g/kg and 100g/kg for F. vulgare fruit powder and E. sativa seed powder, respectively. Moreover, these plant materials had no adverse effect in the germination percentage of wheat grains treatment. These results indicated that F. vulgare fruit powder and E. sativa seed powder could be applicable to the management of stored product insects to decrease ecologically detrimental effects of using insecticides.

The effects of γ- ray on the Dispersion Parameters of (PMMA) films, prepared by using casting technique, are studied by using Cauchy, Sellmeier and Wemple-DiDomenico models. Other optical parameters like Carrier concentration and Skin depth were calculated and correlated with irradiation

The research aims at drawing some quality assessment of the MT systems considered and the problematic issues and difficulties such systems encounter in the translation process. The inadequacy of the lexicon and the linguistic components of a MT system affects the quality of the whole system. The evaluation of cognitive and linguistic capabilities of a MT systems is an essential issue for the process of evaluating MT systems. The results of the evaluation confirm that there are still serious drawbacks with these systems. With the application of modem ideas of MT, currently is gaining momentum. MT products are now receiving a considerable amount of interest and many systems are intended to be used by humans to assist them in performing some translation tasks or achieving certain goals. A great deal of activities around MT, is evaluation initiative. Their object is an individual or comparative assessment of system performance and of the quality of linguistic output. This reflects how well the MT systems perform the requirements for which it was designed.

The effectiveness inhibitory to extract alcohol for the leaf and flower to plant sage Salvia pratensis each of Staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus epidermidis, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans whom had any inhibition to aqueous extracts of the parts itself species bacterial and fungal. The study also demonstrated that the extract of plant containing compounds chemical such as tannins, Alkaloids, Flavonoieds, and saponins, which owns effectiveness of medical. The MIC, MBC and inhibition zones for crud extract were determinated for microbial agents.

This paper tackles language change in general, and changes in the Baghdadi Arabic Variety in particular. The study focuses on the changes that have taken place after the 8-years American occupation of Iraq (2003-2011). The method used for this study is the Apparent-time study approach, which is a synchronic method pioneered by Labov, that focuses on changes in terms of frequency of change (increase, decrease, or innovations) during a specific period of time. The American occupation of Iraq has caused many changes in the Baghdadi Arabic Variety ,and in the other varieties as well .The reason why focus in this paper is on the Baghdadi Arabic Variety is the fact that it is spoken by the majority of Iraqis, especially in the middle and south of Iraq. The main changes were found to be in the area of vocabulary, as many new expressions appeared and others diminished as a result of the new socio-political changes in the community in that period