Diyala Journal of Human Research

The paper entitled(intentionality in verbs- the Holy Quranic verses Sample) deals with the intentionality as one of the well- known seven standards which verify contextuality in the discourse in the Modern Linguistic studies .In fact intentionality gained the interest of the Arabic and western linguists as well, they investigated the connection between what the speaker intends and what the words mean, since intentionality has an effective impact on the interpretation of the texts.
The research sheds light on the significance of the intentionality in the linguistic texts and the importance of the words particularly the verbs- used in the various linguistics studies . Additionally, the researchers identified the most well known intentionality features achieved through the use of the verbs in the Holy Quran , and the additional meaning that the word contributed to the fundamental meaning that it conveys in the view of the fact that the Quranic word has an accurate and specific suggestion which grants a special privilege to those words than others and this is the miraculous of the Holy Quran

This research shows the real and figurative meaning for one of the Egyptian contemporary scientists, named Abdul Ghaffar Hamid Hilal. The importance of the research lies in showing the semantic aspect which is of main concern to Dr. Hilal. The real and figurative meaning is of great importance in knowing things whether real or figurative in the real existence.

The research is divided into two sections; the first one deals with two items; the first presents the real meaning, linguistically and terminologically. the other part of the section deals with the figurative meaning linguistically and terminologically. Section two deals with the different viewpoints of the scientists, on real and figurative meanings, in addition to dr.Hilal's responses to them.

This research contains many items which is the site of the study area. The study area lies in the north-east part of Iraq and in the southern part of Sulimanya Governorate, and south-west Derbandikan Dam. Its stretches longitudinally towards north-west/south-east covering an area of 954 km2, and lies between width 35 05 58 – 3533 00 north and longitude lines 45 45 29 45 07 27 east.
The research contained an introduction dealing with land forms and the problem was limited by a question (does the interior and exterior geomorphological factors had a role in forming the land appearances of Bernan Mountain?). The hypothesis of the research answered the question (those factors had a distinguished role in forming the land appearances of Bernan Mountain). After that the researcher tried to show the aims and method of the research. A map for the study area has been drawn from Sulimanya Governorate and Iraq of the year 2015. A table was drawn representing astronomic sites of the chosen stations from area of study. They are the main constructive land forms which the reason of its formation was because of constitutional factors, some of these forms are cleaves, like Serwan cleaves, structural barricades, rocky materials, Questa, wild boar back, rocky sepulchers, rocky arches, and rocky openings.
The research dealt with land forms resulted from exterior factors like weathering and baring. Some of these forms are rock pealing, mass dissolution, beehives, caves, and melted holes. The most important results that the researcher reached to was the phenomena of Questa and the measurement of bending of layers concerning the surface of phenomena has been measured ranging between (20-30) and the edge of Questa was 50. The height of phenomena in area of study was between (4-6 meters). Also Serwan cleave which Diyala river takes it as its stream for a distance of (3 km). Also, the difference between weathering holes and melted holes which is formed on surface and curves, while the melted holes were in form of collapses underground

The agriculture forms a vital side from the other economic sides of life in the Arabic Islamic State. It consists one of the basic resources that provides money house with a significant sustained financial resources. In addition, many people depend on agriculture and the agricultural production in their lives. It also takes part in other economic sides such as industry and commerce. This leads to the increasing of work and achieving economical gain that affects the social and scientific life that goes to development and progress.
Key words: activity, agricultural, Ibin-Batal

The purpose of the study is to investigate the place in the world of the novelist Maysaloun Hadi. In order to deal with its dialectic influence in relation to the characters, the place was divided according to the visions of the characters in two parts: the familiar and uncommon place; the place in her world includes : the interior space/ the homeland, outer space / The countries of alienation.
The novelist gave the city a large area in the map of her novels with her attention to the neighborhood, which is part of the city, and its attention to the streets, roads, houses, rooms, and private places, such as: places of worship (mosques or churches), and all these places represent the limits of the sensory world that the character lives in, as well as the novel has not only dealt with the place on the basis of being rigid geometrical dimensions subject to the vision of physical engineering, but the place in her world as a drama which is influenced by conflicts. The limits of its spatial circle inside as she interested in is limited to the capital of Baghdad, its neighborhoods, suburbs and transformations, with little care in the rest of the cities that do not match the capital of Baghdad.
The study has appealed the textual formation by the analytical method; for the purpose of detecting the indications inherent in spatial efficiency as well as the use of a set of references to the narrative of criticism, and only Allah leads to prosperity.

The deletion is considered as an important style in Arabic styles , we can see the importance and beauty of this style in our Arabic language , which has an impact on the linguistic structures , as well as its importance , it is also considered as one of ancient Arabs ways that used in its speech . The deletion is a nice art in Arab arts and it is a kind of brevity . The scientists have proved in past and present times , that it is frequently mentioned in the Qur'an at various levels in the nouns , verbs and letters . If it is required to delete something for the sake of meaning correctness , it will be deleted according to the required context.
Holly Qur'an absorbs all language styles and used it in the coolest use , it is the primary source for consolidating the principles and setting up rules , it should be pointed out that the expression of Quranic is unintended one in every word , yet each letter has been put for a particular intention no more.
The research will address some of the texts in which the letters are deleted , the research based on shortening , brevity and choosing some examples as well as the research adopted Arab dictionaries , books of readings , the books of Quranic syntax and expressing its meaning and interpretation in addition to grammarians books .

This research studied Preparatory education service for females and males each separately in Baqubah City for the year 2016/2017 and aims to study spatial variation for the elements of Preparatory education service concerning (population, schools, students, classrooms, teachers, and areas) and indicators of quantitative Preparatory education service adequacy in areas of Baqubah City concerning (number of employed population/ schools, student/schools, student/classroom, student/teachers, and student share of area). In the light of Iraqi planning standards relied by specialized authorities. Also, the researcher presented a relative comparison in this field.for distributing the elements of this service among the areas of the city. The researcher concluded some important results that there is failure in spatial distribution of the elements of this service among areas of the city and also the achieved indicators for this service in general has not achieved the relied planned standards

Through my studies. I learned from the historical studies of the political, social, economic and intellectual aspects of the Arap-Islamic heritage, as I found it to be of great importance in the field of Islamic civilization. The current study is limited to the current entitled (Dir Qunna-Historical Study) .The first step of its construction , establishing and following-up until the end of the Abbasid period (656 A,H. -1258 AD), which is gradually developed and is formed according to the circumstances that helped it to become a large city with its existence and element, which made it to become a prestigious city referred to especially in the Abbasid perio

The title of research : ( the ideal saying in hanging divorce incidence on alimony with clearing for the scholar Mohammed Ameen bin Mirghany Al-Husseiny Al - Henefy (1161s) studying and investigation, because of the importance of this blessed doctrine letter we saw that it is obligatory for the sons of this immortal nation, grandsons of these great grandfathers to strive for what they strive to complete their duty, keep on their monuments from muffling and loss after happening of the numerous disasters which caught islamic world, that precede imagination of inside and apparent animosity and many isinuations.
For the sake of this we intended to keep a monument of one of the great scientists monuments, the reason of our selection for this letter which its author has given alot of islamic doctrine arts and different ligal rules, he give off this letter tidily, it raised in simplity, facilitation and politeness authorship, he came with variety of matters and ligal rules who spoke about it.
While the plan of the research in this letter is formed from introduction, studying section and investigating section. The first section studying : studying project section, it is presented in the first unit and it has two explorations: the first exploration : author's biography. The second exploration: author's scientific biography. The second section : investigation section, it is presented in the second unit and it also has two explorations : the first exploration : it take the description of project, its method of authorship and the importance of the project. The second exploration : it take the inquiring text. Summary of research and a list of margins, resources and interne

Is there a statistically significant difference at the level of (0,05) in the achievement of students in the fourth grade preparatory - the humanitarian branch in Sociology, for those who study according to the strategy of self-tables and for those students who study the same material in the traditional way?
The researcher chose two sections (A - B), and designed the research tool, which consisted of a post-test and the goal of selection of measuring the range of equaling the experimental group and control group in the achievement after matching the research tool. The researcher verified the validity after being presented to a group of experts. The researcher used retest to measure its stability. After conducting T-Test, the data were analyzed using the appropriate statistical means. The following results were shown:
- The average score of the experimental group (24,71).
- The average score of the control group (12,31).
- There was a statistically significant difference at (0,05). The calculated T-value (2.46) was greater than the T-table value (2.00) in degrees of freedom (68), indicating the superiority of the experimental group over the control group.

The structural vison is no less important than imaginative structure having an active effect in poetic experience parallel with effect of image, because structural rhythm comprises most effective movements like linguistics, conception, and voice, besides, emotions because the weight and pronunciations are formed in moments of self-emotions of poetic experience by unconscious means. The poet does not know how this feeling is formed there is a relationship between image and music, it is an attracted relation forming linguistic composition carrying an auditory image called musical poetry. The significant and emotional conceptions of the poet are transferred to the receiver by generated rhythm. The weight is the core in which emotion gathers around that works in interacting emotions with his experience and to prepare the receiver to taste the text.
From this concept the critic moves to mention that the language of poetry descends to a dull point when it loses weight. This speech cannot be poetry because there is no poetic existence without music, by this it insures the influence of rhythm in text and its role in coherence of the poem which made it a basic element in the text.
On these basics the critic distinguished between two types of poetic music, first: inner rhythm which contributed in developing artistic experience and escalation of music existence, as for the other type which is: external rhythm that depends on similar poetic weights in temporality image depending on effective rhythm.
This research is divided containing several tools which are repetition of voices, homophony, antagonism, analogical rhythm, spinning, and rejoining ending to beginning, then followed by conclusion and results, finally, a list of references and bibliography.

The study focuses on the aspects of the syllabic transformation depending on certain postulates supposed to be related to style. The sample of the study
The study aims at investigating the relationship of change in the structure and its transformation with the musicality perceived by the listener in addition to meaning enrichment.
On the basis of surface investigation, the study attempts to move to the deep meaning resulted from syllabic transformation aspects. It is regarded that this study paves the way for more modern and comprehensive studies in the field

The Camp David Accords of 1978 left a number of problems in Egypt, including: the expulsion of Egypt from the Arab League in 1979, the boycott of Arab states and the Arab League until 1989. After President Hosni Mubarak took office in Egypt, Through its mediation, won the support of the Arab states and the return of Egypt to the League of Arab States.

This research studied the experimentation case applied by ( the poets of rhetoric poetry) which it is described as creative and modern concept. It indicates to this through searching in the worlds of the term and studying conceptual and creative texts which form a modern vision for the poets of rhetoric . This research arrived at that the poets of 1960s period were in the vanguard of poets who dealt with the experimentation in its modern theoretical and practical conceptualization

The current area depends largely on underground water wells in different activities specially drinking water and home usage that demands pure water and free from odd elements and unhealthy pollution which is required to select and analysis several wells and identify its validity and the amount of its infection with harmful bacteria that causes several diseases for human. The sample is represented (11) wells. There are (8) eight wells contain cholera and salmonella. All the wells contain large intestine and active bacteria with different levels

The present research aimed at knowing the effect of guidance program on the modeling method in the improvement of adaptation for the first intermediate stage student.lt was limited to the students in the first intermediate stage/academic year (2016/2017).Tocarried out the aim of this study,the semi-experimental approach (designed as experimental grup and control grop with pre and post tests) was used.The sample consisted of (20) students who are distributed randomly into two groups (experimental group and control group) and (10) students are in each group.The parity was achieved between the two group in some variables and the researches construched an guestionnaire consisting of (32) items.The also applied aguidance program due to(the modeling method) according to the Cognitive-Behavioral theory by Albert Bandara. It was carried out through agguidance program deshgned for improving the adaptation. The program was (12) sessions-two sessions aweek.The statistical means used in this study were (Chi-Sguare,Wilcoxon test,Psamples,Weighted Mean, Weight centennial, Mann Whitney U ,Kolmogorov-Smirnov test).the result showed that the guidance program in the modeling for the first intermediate stsge students and according to thes result, the reserchers presented a number of suggestions and recommend dations

Means of water storage are considered very necessary and important in people's life. These means were not only used in agriculture like watering animals and agricultural lands, they were also used for storing water and transferring water to Mosques, public bathrooms, and houses in some Arabic Islamic Countries areas and through different ages. These means differ from size and shape of storage and the materials used in constructing or digging them. Some of these means are dams, basins, tankers, and canals. It is possible by these means to benefit from massive rain water, floods of some rivers and store them and use them when needed especially during the season of shortage of rain falling or none or during days of dryness. In these cases water storage in these means is used for drinking, water agricultural lands and animals.

very high level of eloquence and fluency when they called for Allah. Accordingly, what has the holy Qur’an displayed in terms of their conversation (dialogue) with their people and their being praised by Allah the Almighty in this respect besides what has been referred to by the gracious prophet in his hadiths in this regard are depended on.
This paper is composed of three parts the first of which deals with the magic of the diction in the humane thought to affirm that the interest in the diction issue is found profoundly in the various humane cultures whereas the second part points out the significance of the eloquence in the process of calling for Allah as well as its psychological dimensions, its social traces, and its legitimate rooting. Then the third section which is entitled “Landmarks of the Prophets’ Eloquence” aims at highlighting the aspects of such eloquence via some verses of the holy Qur’an which refer to its eloquence covert (i.e. explicit or implicit) in addition to quoting the diligence of the interpreters and the commentaries of the scholars on the qur’anic text for the sake of support and documentation

This study deals with studying hepatitis type (A) which is considered one of the epidemiological diseases that happen to human specifically in developing countries that have economic, social and health levels. This is because the way of its transmission is during mouth when eating polluted food and water by the virus .It occurs specially to children .The disease was light when it happen to children less than fourteen years old .Most cases have light symptoms. If it occurs with mature people , the symptoms will be clear and the color skin and eyes become yellow .The main factor that caused this disease is the hepatitis (A) virus which is one of the bicorn viruses with a diameter (27) Nm . The factors that caused this disease were classified in to two types .The first one are the pathological factors (causes ,transporters, hosts, ware houses) sometimes called pathogens which have direct effects on the formation of the disease. The other type related to the geographical factors (natural and human) or what is called geogens. They are the factors that have direct and indirect impacts in the formation of the disease .To avoid this disease, it is important to pay attention to cleanness of water and food.
The study concludes that there is spatial variation in the percentages of the distribution of the disease among the cities in which the study occurs. It is found that the center of Baquba and the center of Baladruse Provence are the most frequent places for the patients during the previous four years. This means that these cities have a number of natural and human factors that lead to the appearance of the disease. The researchers then present some suggested recommendations such as paying enough attention to calculate the data that related to the patients and also to health awareness and special and general cleannes

The current research aims at identifying the relationship between the patterns of overexcitabilities and the cognitive beliefs of preparatory school students. The sample of research consists of (440) male and female students at preparatory school for the academic year (2016-2017).
To achieve the aim of the research, the researcher uses two tool, the first one is overexcitabilities patterns, where the researcher is constructed overexcitabilities patterns scale which is based on the Dabrowski's theory. The final form of the scale consists of (30) items which are divided into five dimensions for overexcitabilities patterns scale. The second tool is the cognitive beliefs which is based on the Schumer model, where the researcher adopted the scale of Imad Aboud Hani (2014). The final form consists of (46) items which is divided into five areas of cognitive beliefs scale. The researcher uses the following statistical means which are; (T-Test) for two independent samples , Chi-Square Test for one sample , Pearson correlation coefficient and Two-way variance analysis.
After processing the data statistically, the following results are obtained:
The preparatory school students are enjoyed with the patterns of overexcitabilities and the cognitive beliefs .
There are statistically significant differences in the level of patterns of overexcitabilities according to the variable of specialization (scientific-literary) and in favor of literary specialization. There are statistically significant differences in the level of patterns of overexcitabilities depending on the gender variable (male - female) and in favor of male.
There are statistically significant differences in the level of cognitive beliefs according to the specialization variable (Scientific - literary) and in favor of literary specialization. There are also statistically significant differences in the level of cognitive beliefs according to the gender variable (male - female) and in favor of males. Thus, the relationship between patterns of overexcitabilities and cognitive beliefs is positively correlated

This research aims to identify “Evaluating the Performance of Implementers at Department of History in College of Education for Humanities on the Light of Teaching Efficiencies for the Academic Year 2017-2018 Second Semester Course”. The sample of study were (20 teachers) and the researcher used a questionnaire as a tool of research containing (30 items) distributed on five basic standards. The results were analyzed using the proper statistical means. The results of research showed that the standard of (personal and professional aspects) obtained the first place with a variable means (3.81) with percentage (76.2), and the standard of (educational techniques and aids was last with variables means (3.51) and percentage (70.2). According to the results the researcher concluded the following: that Implementers have distinguished professional and personality aspects this is because of preparing programs at Colleges. The training programs of implementers participated in developing necessary skills to rise the educational situation.
The researcher recommended developing educational curriculum and being suitable with the scientific advancing and the demands of teaching profession, and to take care of modern teaching methods which make the students the core of educational process that helps to build independent personality for students. The researcher suggested conducting comparative studies between the performance of Implementers at Human and Scientific Departments at Colleges of Education, and to identify the student’s demands at College of Education for Humanities towards Academic and Scientific Specialty.

The paper expresses , via a poetic self. The various hopes, dreams, ambitions, and views mixed with a human emotion that outreached , in Tofan's poetry , the concept of ego and went deep in to the psychological reality of humanity .
Being mainly concerned with the technical aspects, the paper sheds light on the analysis of the main technical devices in the poetry of the selected poetess. Accordingly , the paper is divided into several sections dealing with repetition , homonymy , polar antonymy , and personification due to the technical influence of these devices in the poetic texts under study . The use of various target images and domains can be clearly seen in Tofan's poetry . These images help the poetess to deeply clarify her intended themes and achieve more influence on the text receiver.
The paper was enriched by opinions and quotations from famous scholars' books like AL-Musdy's "Style and Stylistics", Dr. khamal Al- Aheely's " Stylistic constructions" , and Ahmed Weiss's " Deviation in Critic and Rhetorical inheritance " , etc .

The tribes and clans agglomeration appeared a cluster pattern in many villages in the world a sif it is known in the agglomeration of the tribes in china according to properties of each tribe, so the tribes divided in to clans and each tribe habits in small village called Hamlet according to the behavior and habits every tribe, that lives in this plains from the great chine's plain. The research appears the tribe distributed in thpe study area by the from which depends on the social and family connection principles that created many of villages agglomerations in present shapes. So in field tour by the researcher in Baladruz settlements, it is to be noted agglomerations of tribes in settlements caused that. the settlements takes a variation pattern so there is more than one tribe and clan in one agriculture territory, but the mode in kalar district there is tradition like a tribes tradition for the rural society in Baladruz district, but the fabric differs there is one tribe in one territory

.Sounds represent the nucleolus for words and morphological form .Words then are formed in accordance with a specific pattern within a specific meaningful system . Thus , the lexical meaning becomes contextual. In fact , language is a discipline of constructional relations. The deep structure of which can not be interpreted in terms of separate parts .The sentence then is a series of integrated parts which function to give the sentence its intended meaning. The structure is the base of semantic relations for words, in a sentence, or among sentences which carry the same idea in a context. Within a context then correlation is due to contextual relations through which words are linked.

This paper discusses the stages of poeticism in Iraq, its relation to the intellectual and literary transformations taking place in the West, and its impact on Arab culture, including poetry, and the characteristics of each poetry stage. Without looking at the impact of artistic movements affecting the artistic and daily life and poetry.

Praise be to Allah, and prayers and peace be sent as a mercy to the worlds and after. The theme of contrast (or antibodies) of the subjects that occupied the ancient and modern and varied backgrounds In his study and stand on the connotations between supporters and his shows, and the fact that receipt on the tongues of the ancients can not be ignored,
and the terms are in response to tracking and old books Of An-Nisa and found that many of these vocalizations have been reported in those Sura Examples include: men and women Malignant and perfume, obedience and disobedience, dissension and reform, good and bad rich and the poor ... etc This wordy and vocalizations are not listed in this Surah, but the wisdom willed by God Almighty included Alsorhaly A set of do's and don'ts and urge the thing and carrots in it, and the alienation of other things, how can it not? And Sura named Surat verdicts by much of what the provisions contained therein legitimate governing the life of the individual and society.
As the strength of the human society and the goodness and corruption throughout the Almighty this began a pair then woman, a wife, and commanded them to fear God and save wombs for lasting communities, and what was responsibilities are shared between them from the moment of God's creation of Adam and created Eve from the rib of the ribs to make it .Harmony between them nice to Edira wheel of life as indispensable to one another.

We find the first word in contrast to blunt the husband and wife, men and women, and in this issue gesture
Pretty each single and to be ushered in for the rest of the vocabulary until the end of the sura.
The nature of the research and required to be at the front and two sections: the first section came in the concept of antagonism and opinions of scientists .the second in occurrences words antagonism in Nisa, then briefed finale where some results and a list of major sources, and Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds

Deletions and artistic patterns in the book Algharar and Alderer
The Arabic language is one of the vital living languages, which was able to surpass its name over the decades of Mughla in the foot until it was said that the first Arabic speaker is the Prophet of God Ismail, it is a fertile one; it contained the words of the Koran, and enough pride, In the formulation of compositions and sentences, and the methods of causation in the arts of rhetoric and splendor; and so Imazat in her statement (metaphors and metaphors and similarities, and Knaiatha), and other arts so attracted hearts and hearts to the minds.
Most of the scholars did not distinguish between the deletion and the abbreviation, and we believe that most of them have called them a single name. However, Sharif al-Murtada had a book in which he differed between them. He proved that the abbreviation is an integral part of the deletion, citing verses of poetr

This research attempts to explain the concept of membership and objectiveness unity and find out the concomitance relationship between these two terms. The results show that they are found in the poem. Terminologically, the unity of membership and objectiveness are important critical terms because it achieve the hypothesis of complementation between the form and content. This is on the basis that the concomitance relationship tries to make the poem structure alive and perfect in creation and formation, although the lines of the poem are different and abundance. We made Mu'alaqat Zuhair Bin Abi Salma as alive field for finding out the concomitance relationship between the membership and objectiveness unity in this poem. It is an active sample because of its abundance subjects and the existence of wisdom in it. The quality of the poem is related to the organization of speech in it in a systematic way from its beginning to the end , the suitability of their meaning , well- order , well- transition and getting riddance in it. In other words, each part of the poem has an integration role to the other part and the secret of the membership unity does not exceed the poetic text only in its cleverest planning followed by the poet to achieve the objective correlation hoping to attract hearts , listening and affecting the audience , besides breaking the boring atmosphere of the subjects and purposes dealt with in the poem.

In this current study, evaluation of changes in per capita of green space this study explains (2007-2016) in Sulaimani City and results compared with international standards. The lowest per capita was 9.2m2 in 2008, and the highest per capita was 16.2m2 in 2016. Currently, the total green space in Sulaimani city is 10%. Despite the green space is lower than the standards, its distribution tends to be various among different parts of the city. In some of the bigger parts of the city, the area of green space is considerably low and the population is high. Also, in the new areas of the city, the planned parks are not completed, and even if they are completed, their areas are smaller compared to the population size which is steadly increasing. The planned parks should be completed until the green spaces will increase in a reasonable percentage in Sulaimani City in the future

The aim of the current research is to identify the effect of the current events on the achievement of the middle school - secondary grade students in the Arab Islamic history. To achieve the research objective, the researcher has established the zero hypothesis. There are no statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05) between the average score of the experimental group students and the average score of the controlling group students through their response to the achievement test. The community of the current research is consisted from the second grade students in middle school at Ba'quba district. The researcher has made a comparison between the two research groups in some variables that have an impact on the results of the experiment as (IQ test and the academic achievement of parents and grades of the previous year). The results of the study showed that there are statistically significant differences in favor of the experimental group which had been studied by using the current events. In light of the research results, the researcher recommended the need to train male teachers and female teachers to use current events to teach history. It has proposed a study on the problems of the current events in the teaching of other materials.