Al-Nahrain Journal of Science

Schiff bases are a broad class synthesized compound, which is prepared for the condensation process between the primary amine group and an aldehyde or ketone group. Schiff base metal complexes play an important role in many applications such as biological activity, catalytic activity, and optical property. The wide range application of Schiff base metal complexes came from the versatility of Schiff base reactions with many different transition metals. This flexibility of the reactions was given these complexes, many different properties and uses in a biological human system such as antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antimalarial, and others. This review gives many examples of Schiff bases, metal complexes, and there ligands with biological applications in the human system.

Human blood groups ABO (BG) represent an important system in blood transfusion medicine and transplantation, and have a role in the development of heart disease. The current study was conducted with the aim of comparing the types of blood groups and knowing the most affected by atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes. Our study was consisted of total (n=192) population with age range (45-70) years old and overweight in terms of their BMI. The first group included (n=64) under Precautinous coronary intervention (PCI) catheterization with atherosclerosis and diabetes type 2. The second group (n=64) underwent Diagnostic (DIG) catheterization with diabetes type 2 and without atherosclerosis.

The association between blood group types with diabetes type 2 disease and atherosclerosis was investigated. The most prevalent blood group was O+ (93.74%) in DIG, (80.84%) in PCI closely followed by group B (49.99%), (44.62%) in DIG and PCI respectively, and group A (43.75%) In both group. Least prevalent blood group was AB (35.25%) in PCI and (12.5%) in DIG group. In conclusion the patients with type O are more likely to have diabetes and atherosclerosis, and those with type B are more likely to develop diabetes. Type A and AB are less likely to develop sclerosis.

The research was administered in order to spot the miticidal effect of wild grown plant namely Ferula oopoda against the mites that destroy the leaf tissue and also the colour of the fruit in trees. The theme was to get the herb’s (1) aerial, stem and root part about 1 kg and was soaked for about 7 days and then extract the oil by the help of vaccum rotary evaporator, the extracted oil is then allowed to stay for a day in HCl (0.2M), then the solution is filtered and then some charcoal is added to the filtrate and now, it is put on the Bunsen burner for a while, now the HCl extract is again filtered and basified by the addition of Sodium hydroxide (5M), the yellow colour is the indication of basification and now the ppts are collected that are formed over the filter paper, the ppts are dried and later on sprayed on the apple mites and their mortality rates are noted at exposure time of 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48h. It may be a new revolutionary technique that can be economical as well as environment friendly as the oil is only lethal for the target apple mites and doesn’t not harm human health.

Recycling and/or recovery of solvent are of important aim in the area of environment or cost. Deep eutectic solvents (DES’s) have been widely employed in different research or industrial area. Ammonium alum: urea DES has been researched for possible applications therefore; recovery of this DES is attempted in this paper.

Ammonium alum: urea DES was separated to its constituents by crystallization of ammonium alum from a solution containing cellulose. Urea was obtained by evaporation. The crystallization occurs by adding water which breaks the hydrogen bonding of DES.Water was added in a 1.25:1 volume ratio and the resulting crystals and solid materials were examined with ATR-IR and X-Ray Diffraction.

A commercially available matt black paint is used as the primary component of a composite coating for low-temperature flat collector systems. The composite coating is composed of the paint, carbon black powder (CBP) and lithium metal oxide (LMO) powder. The CBP and LMO powders are added on the top of the primary paint to improve the solar-thermal conversion characteristics of the collector. The optical and solar-thermal conversion characteristics of these coatings are investigated by means of optical microscopy, optical spectrophotometry, total reflectance measurement, and the measurement of the maximum collector temperature. Results show that the solar-thermal conversion response (maximum temperature) of the collector plate can be improved with the addition of the CBP and LMO powder at low concentrations. This is been demonstrated and discussed in this report. The coatings prepared in the present work can easily be applied on the collector surface and exhibit competing characteristics to other coatings.

In the present paper, the geometrical and optical object properties of symmetrical magnetic lens are designed and analyzed using the electron optical design (EOD) program. The effect of the axial aperture diameter (D), the air gap between the poles (s), the thickness of the poles (t), the excitation parameter NI of the lens are all studied for the best optical properties like the object focal length fo, the spherical and chromatic aberrations coefficients (Cs and Cc respectively). It was found that the optical properties of the object significantly improved with a decrease in the axial aperture diameter and width of the air gap of this lens.

Upon our study, it was found that the best properties are achieved when the air gap width (S=2 mm), and the axial hole diameter (D=6 mm). The effect of the electrode face thickness on the magnetic properties of the proposed magnetic lens is studied, it was found that the best magnetic properties and the highest value of magnetic flux and the lowest value of the axial magnetic field strength bandwidth were at electrode face thickness equal to (3 and 4 mm). Therefore, the best magnetic lens in our design with the best optical properties was S=2 mm, D=6 mm and t=3 mm.

In this work, we present a semi-analytical technique to find an approximate result of the conformable fractional partial differential equations (CFPDEs). The fractional order derivative will be in the conformable (CFD) sense. This definition is effective and simple in the solution of the fractional differential equations that have intricate solution with classical fractional derivative definition like Riemann-Liouville and Caputo. Furthermore, the result obtained by the proposed technique is like those in previous studies that used other types of approximate methods like (Homotopy analysis method) but it has the advantage of being simpler than the rest of these methods. In addition, results demonstrate obtained the Precision and effectiveness of the suggested technique.

Due to the extreme robust image editing techniques, digital images are subject to multiple manipulations and decreased costs for digital camera and smart phones. Therefore, image credibility is becoming questionable, specifically when images have strong value, such as news report and insurance claims in a crime court. Therefore, image forensic methods test the integrity of the images by applying various highly technical methods set out in the literature. The present work deals with one important research module is the recognition of forged part that applied on copy move forgery images. Two datasets MICC-F2000 and CoMoFoD are used, these datasets are usually adopted in the field of interest. The module concerned with recognizing which is the source image portion and which is the target one of that already detected. Thus, the two detected tampered parts of the image are recognized the original one from them, the other is then referred as forged or tampered part. The proposed module used the buster net of three neural networks that basically adopted the principle of training by using Convolution Neural Network (CNN) to extract the most important features in the images. The first and second networks are parallel working to detect and identify areas that have been tampered with, and then display them through two masks. While the last network classifier takes a copy of these two catchers to decide which is the source image portion from the two detected ones. The achieved recognition results were about F-score 98.98% even if the forged area is rotated or scaled or both of them. Also, the recognition results of the forged image part was 98% when using images do not contributed in the training phase, which refers to that the proposed module is more confident and reliable.

Many purposes require communicating audio files between the users using different applications of social media. The security level of these applications is limited; at the same time many audio files are secured and must be accessed by authorized persons only, while, most present works attempt to hide single audio file in certain cover media. In this paper, a new approach of hiding three audio signals with unequal sizes in single color digital image has been proposed using the frequencies transform of this image. In the proposed approach, the Fast Fourier Transform was adopted where each audio signal is embedded in specific region with high frequencies in the frequency spectrum of the cover image to save much more details of the cover image and avoid any doubts that there is any secret information are hidden inside it. The quality of the stego-image and the extracted audio files are evaluated with the standard evaluation metric. The simulation results shown significant results of these metrics and achieve good imperceptibility and high security of the stego-image. The SNR and SPCC values are considered acceptance that means significant in terms quality and similarity of the reconstructed signal.