Journal of Medical Sciences and Technical Health

Renin Aldosterone Angiotensin-2 Systems: Among the most important hormone structures, it controls blood sugar levels, potassium and salt equilibrium, the amount of fluid, and the activities of the urinary tract, the adrenals, and the heart and arteries. The purpose of this investigation is to look at how Renin Aldosterone Angiotensin II affects the glands that produce adrenaline and how it relates to the rate of glomerular filtration in people with persistent kidney disease. The Ibn Sina Centre at Baquba University Hospital is home to 100 Iraqi patients with chronic kidney failure, ranging in age from 35 to 67. The formula was used to get a glomerular filtration rate (GFR). All individuals\' blood levels of the hormones renin, testosterone, and angiotensin-2 are measured using a readily accessible ELISA Micro water sources kit from LDN, Germany. The findings demonstrate the relationship among variations in GFR and activity a hormone called ; in the cautious category, the average GFR was substantially inversely correlated with the average activity a hormone called (r=-0.40, p<0.01). The findings demonstrated a relationship among ANGII, aldosterone, and cortisol variations in serum-activated renin, or The average blood activated a hormone called level and the average aldosterone level exhibited an important positive connection in the control group (r=0.33, p<0.05). In contrast, the hemodialysis group (r=-0.12, p>0.05) and the two categories (r=-0.02, p>0.05) showed insignificant negative correlations. In the more cautious group, there was a strong positive correlation (r=0.55, p<0.01) between the mean blood angiotensin level and mean cortisone. In individuals with chronic renal failure, glomerular filtration rate has a detrimental impact on active renin, which in turn has an impact on the adrenal cortex function

Objective: To investigate existence of oral tori and bony exostoses and their correlation/effect to temporomandibular disorders and parafunctional habits. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional descriptive and analytical study was carried out among 100 patients who attended polyclinic KOD, IIUM. Demographic background, status of oral tori, parafunctional activities (PFA) and temporomandibular disorder (TMD) were assessed. A cross analysis was done between gender, age group, oral tori, bony exostoses, temporomandibular disorder and parafunctional activities.Results: In this study, half of the patients had oral tori and bony exostoses; it was significantly seen among the female patients within 21 and 50 year old age group. In a cross analysis between PFA and TMD and oral tori and bony exostoses status, 42% of the sample who did not have both PFA and TMD also did not have both tori and bony exostoses. 4% of the sample had both PFA and TMD but absent of both oral tori and bony exostoses. Although, PFA and TMD were considered as two groups (absent or present), there was a significant association (p<0.05) between PFA and TMD and the existence of oral tori and bony exotoses, not significant (p>0.05) when PFA and TMD as in 4 groups (both absent, only PFA, only TMD and both present). Conclusion: The study showed there is still argument on association between PFA and TMD and the existence of oral tori and bony exostoses. It may be due to both of them are not from the same aetiology and/or small sample size. Further study should be conducted with proper study design with adequate sample size.

Background: obesity enhances a chronic inflammation and oxidative stress and damages the vascular endothelium. Tadalafil restores signaling of NO signaling and may decrease circulating oxidative stress and markers of inflammation, and improves parameters of metabolism through a number of mechanisms. The aim of this study to show what the effects of the administration of tadalafil (TAD) on inflammation, and oxidative stress markers in obese male patients. Methods: 32 male subjects with BMI more than 23 and age range 30-50 years old underwent with TAD 5mg for 14 days .Plasma level of MDA , GsH ,IL-6 and Hs-CRP before the taking of drugs and after 14 days of treatment . Results: Treatment with TAD caused a non-significant reduction in MDA group (0.093±0.027 versus 0.082± 0.032, P- value is 0.196), a non-significant increase in plasma GsH (0.1074±0.007 versus 0.109±0.009 , p-value is 0.538), a non-significant of reduction in plasma level of plasma Hs-CRP and IL-6 (4.377± 0.702 versus 4.272± 0.693, p-value is 0.599) and (24.668± 6.001 versus 23.56± 2.587 ,p-value is 0.401)respectively . Conclusion: We have concluded that TAD therapy has non –significant effect on anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity if used in short term but this effect may be significant if used for long term or use large dose

The significant of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that started in China highly risky for human live. The symptoms that describe Coronavirus Disease 2019 include asymptomatic, moderate, or severe pneumonia. (COVID-19). People with COVID-19 who also have diabetes, COPD, CVD, hypertension, cancer, HIV, and other comorbidities could be in danger of dying. SARS-CoV-2 employs the ACE-2 receptors on the host cell's surface to enter the cell. Increased ACE-2 receptor expression and proportion converses release are associated with several comorbidities, which facilitate viral entry into host cells. The comorbidities, which are closely connected to severe morbidity and mortality, cause the COVID-19 patient to enter a life-long cycle of infectious disease. Comorbid patients require special attention and precautions, as well as extra measures. The study's goal is: The current study were focused to examine the association between chronic illnesses and poorer COVID-19 infection outcomes (death and ICU hospitalization) as well as how chronic illnesses alter an individual's assessment of their own risk for these outcomes. Patients and procedures: Information about each of the 15000 COVID-19 patients was entered into a questionnaire. This model covered chronic illnesses such as respiratory, cardiovascular, cancer, renal, and stomach ailments. A few documents have been found that discuss the connection between COVID-19 and comorbidities; however, this study shows the wider range of comorbidities that COVID-19 patients deal with. Conclusions: Males are more likely to have Covid-19 (60%) than females (40%). With age comes a rise in the Covid-19. The COVID-19 recorded the highest percentage of infections in individuals with cardiovascular illnesses (53.3% and 15.7%).

Introduction: Premarital screening includes general medical examination by which the promotion of a woman's and her partner's health and well-being prior to conception. It is regarded as a primary preventive approach for couples planning to conceive, as well as an important step toward protecting society of disease's spread. Hemoglobinopathies are one of the most frequent autosomal recessive illnesses in Iraq, which may associate with significant mortality and morbidity. Its inherited disorders and run down through families. Humans are affected by this disorder, which can occur due to the presence of quantitative and, or qualitative irregularities in the globin chains. Hemoglobin (Hb)S, which causes sickle cell disease (SCD), Hb-C or Hb-D illness, and other qualitative abnormalities, is the most prevalent. α- and β-thalassemia are quantitative anomalies with reduced or missing production of β or α globin chains are the most common. The world's most common single-gene diseases, particularly in the Eastern Mediterranean region, which includes Iraq Conclusion :All of the above data support the concept of a haemoglobinopathies prevention program based on premarital screening, counseling, and prenatal diagnosis with the aim of decrease the number of afflicted children born in the region