Hammurabi journal for studies

Greek mythology is rich in many, in it the goddess of evil (Pandora) occupies a great position, as she embraces a box full of precious and tempting gifts, and because she is also accepted by people hoping for happiness, and as soon as they open this miraculous box, all evils, sins and pains are released from it from all sides. Going forward, what the United States of America opened to the world at the beginning of the twenty-first century is a Pandora box with all symbolic meanings. It has enough evils for centuries to come.

The poet Abu Ala Al-Maari imposed self-isolation on himself after his return to Aleppo from Baghdad, when he felt his own brokenness and the weight of his worries and sorrows, especially after the death of his mother.
Mosul today lives as a prisoner of imprisonment, as the militants kidnapped it, and it is mired in it`s worries, suffering, and the sense of marginalization that followed it, but what happened on June 11 and 12, 2014, and what followed it, was not limited to Mosul, but rather that its extensions will include the Iraqi state And its history and future, not to mention its regional and international influences.
Never in the history of the Iraqi state, which was established in 1921, has its entity been cracked as it is now, as it remained strong and prestigious despite the storms, challenges, wars, siege and some elements of weakness that it suffered from, but it was able to preserve its unity and cohesion by looking away from its rule. But today, it is threatened by splitting, division and fragmentation.

Al-Nafri, Muhammad Abdul-Jabbar said, "The wider the vision, the narrower the phrase." The more we deepen the mind in the state of the country, the more our awareness increases and becomes clearer, and we can content ourselves in this introduction with short phrases that embrace small words, and start from a big vision of a bitter tragedy, which is summarized by the following questions: (What is happening in Iraq? What are the causes? And what is the treatment? What is the solution?).

The realization of the goals and interests, especially for the superpowers, was not limited to the well-known traditional tools and methods, but these methods and tools were employed in new ways that were not previously expected or usual, especially if the consequences of this new employment are large and fruitful, and lead to achieving goals and interests and perpetuating global and regional control, hegemony and leadership, as this employment leads to control of all global and regional paths and interactions, and even internal ones in every country if applied to them, especially in those regions that occupy strategic importance in the agendas of the major and great powers, and it comes at the forefront of those regions The Middle East region, which constituted the vital importance of the United States of America, after it is the only superpower at the top of the international hierarchy, which worked to link security in this region with its national security, and proceeded to employ and adapt many new tools and methods that allow its survival and continuation as a major actor in the region of Middle East, to ensure the achievement of its goals and interests

British politician Winston Churchill says (in a time of war, the truth is very precious, which requires protection with a personal guard from lies...), and it is also said that the war is the first and the last of words. The media is half of the war, and many of the common sayings that came from leaders and thinkers about the symbolic role of the media in moving morale, and wills to the internal fronts, and to direct the battlefields and benefit from the pitfalls and victories of the land, thought, history and state administration, and all that can perpetuate the trends of public opinion to win the conflict. ... any conflict ....at anytime.

Palestine and its cause represented the essence of the struggle between the forces of liberation and independence in the Arab and Islamic region on the one hand, and the forces of Western domination and subjugation and its remnants of the Zionist occupation on the other hand, over a century since the fall of the Ottoman Empire and the First World War ended in favor of France and Britain, The peoples of the region groan under successive Western blows, politically, militarily, economically and culturally.
From Sykes-Picot (1916) to the Balfour Declaration (1917), the British and Western facilities to bring Zionist settlers to the land of Palestine, to usurp it and displace its people using all military methods and international political conspiracies, until the Palestinian people were expelled and displaced from most of their land and homeland, and they declared and recognized what is called (United Nations).

Among the countries that moved to democracy after a long submission under dictatorships that tended towards tyranny is Iraq. As is well known, the modern Iraqi state, which was born in 1921, adopted the democratic principle of governance, but the stage of democratic transformation in Iraq at that time was interrupted by many problems and distortions, so the military eliminated it in 1958. And the military governments will continue to rule the country until 2003. Where a foreign military invasion ended the rule of the military in Iraq, which descended from autocracy to tyranny, and a civil system of government, democratic in principle, and a federal state would be established on its ruins. And let the elections begin in 2005 in an atmosphere of pluralism, after the last pluralist elections in the country in 1954.

Iraq, like other crisis societies, is located at a crossroads, in which the future of development has become in doubt and question, especially after it witnessed in the last decade political, economic and social transformations. Its social security has become threatened approaching day after day of falling into the furnace of a civil war, and its political forces have failed to achieve social integration, and it is facing the dangers of sectarian and ethnic divisions. , Iraq faced successive crises, perhaps the most dangerous of which it inherited from the new challenges it inherited after the occupation in 2003, and threats to peace, security and stability opportunities are still looming, as social tensions and the continued presence of disgruntled groups who feel cast away, marginalized, and excluded as well as the danger of slums, poverty, unemployment and forced displacement, which made The renewed conflict in the Iraqi street can take place at any moment, which calls for a state of readiness for any threat to peace and social security.

In the last decade in particular, Iraq has witnessed difficult circumstances, represented by successive crises that the occupation has led to, and the rampant terrorism, the wars of the enemy brothers, and the insignificant outcomes of development plans. These crises have continued with their predecessors of wars, mismanagement of resources, and a violation of citizens' rights. The circumstances lead to the exacerbation of the phenomenon of vulnerable groups in terms of numbers, distribution and suffering, and it is regrettable that we lack in-depth studies of the conditions of these groups in light of an in-depth sociological vision. Fragility phenomena overlap with other phenomena such as exclusion, isolation and marginalization, and they grow in environments of poverty, violence and paralysis of economic life, and they face weakness in social care programs, social security, as well as weak education and health systems, which exacerbate the problems of marginalized groups

Slums are a prominent landmark in many poor countries, and according to statistics of international organizations, the number of slum dwellers - which they call shantytowns - will reach more than one billion people in the world in the year 2020, and some call it the phenomenon of (free popular housing growth), This is from a neutral standpoint, because it was born out of the complete will of the people and developed according to specific, repetitive and almost unchanging patterns, It is described as informal because it is without licenses, while others see it as a massive demographic and housing chaos, as well as a security and economic threat, especially since its product of violence is characterized by theft, kidnapping or assassination.

The fiercest hostility to the Muslim Brotherhood in the Arab and Islamic world did not expect the issuance of a decision similar to that issued in late February 2014 by Saudi King Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz (1), which would criminalize affiliation with terrorist groups and movements, chiefly the Muslim Brotherhood, which has long been Its leaders relied on their close relations with the Kingdom in the face of all the crises that had obstructed their path since the establishment of the organization at the hands of Sheikh Hassan Al-Banna in 1928, which raised a wave of deep questions about the indications of the unprecedented Saudi action and its potential effects internally on situations in the Kingdom itself, and externally in the scene of the entire Gulf, Arab and Islamic region.

The Arab Gulf region is one of the regions that witnesses the most political movement, whether from the countries of the region or from the international powers. This movement was reflected in the Gulf countries in particular, which made them exposed to any developments in the region, and because Iran is one of the most important countries in the Arab Gulf because of its relations with countries of the region and its foreign policies, has become the focus of any political-military-economic interaction. This position of Iran coincided with the rise and prominence of politics, which Qatar is trying to play in the region, taking advantage of many factors and variables, for the sake of rapprochement with Iran based on interests and goals that can unite the two. .

The recent 2014 Gaza war re-corrected the Arab political and national track, and showed that the main and real crisis in the region is the Arab-Israeli conflict, as not all side wars, regardless of their extent, and their various causes, and the extent of their damages, were unable to block this conflict or hide it. A long time ago, the West threw the seeds of discord among the people of the nation, leaving no aspect of human diversity but playing on it in order to provoke disagreement and discord. Employment was evident in culture and media before it appeared in security and armed conflicts between different groups. Employment included national identity, nationalism and religious aspects. Sectarianism, ethnicity, regionalism, tribalism, and tribalism, many problems arose in every Arab country and differences between neighboring countries, and diverted attention from Palestine.

When the state loses the ability to manage the country's affairs and meet the needs of citizens, except through external support, the least that is described by this state is lax, as the level of services provided to the citizen is not commensurate with the relative cost of performing the state's functions, and this description if we try to apply it on the model of research, which is Yemen, shows us a set of indicators indicating the nature of this state. Indicators are a sign of defining the nature of the state, but these indicators are not a result of chance, but rather are the product of internal and external interactions that contributed to the creation of these indicators, in addition to the processes that Yemen has witnessed in the last two decades from the twentieth century and the first decade of the twenty-first century.