Al-Mustaqbal Journal of Pharmaceuticals and Medical Sciences

Mastitis is inflammatory that can effect women at every time, it is predominant occur in women during breastfeeding.
Staphylococcus are the most common pathogens causative agents of mastitis. The clincal samples were collection from
women with different age group from patients who admitted to Al-Hilla General teaching hospital (breast cancer
consultation and outpatient clinics) for the period from August 2023 to Januray 2024. This study included 80 patient
suffered from breast infection or mastitis, this result show that 45 (56%) from total samples having breast abscesses
and 35 (44%) having mastitis. The isolating bacterial causes according of total samples that having S.aureus 20 (25%),
S.epidermides 10 (12.5%), other growth bacteria 20 (25%) and no growth 30 (37.5%).

Objectives: To evaluate of nursing care documentation and administration at emergency unite, and find the relation
ship between Nursing care documentation and administration and demographic characteristic of nurses.
Method:AnObservationaldesignstudywasconductedfromthe25December2023to30April2024.Thestudysetting
was conducted at the emergency department in AI-Hussein Teaching Hospital, Al-shatra General Hospital in Dhi-Qar
governorate/Iraq. Study Sample A convenient sample (non-probability) involving (103 nurses:60 in Al-Hussien Hospital
and 43 in Al-Shatra Hospital). The practices were evaluated by using the self-report questionner and observational
checklist. The data analysis through descriptive and interferential statistics and SPSS (version 23).
Results: Most of the participants in the study were male from al-shastra Hospital and female from al-Hussein Hospital,
aged (20–25) years with an institute degree in nursing, and have a (1–5) year period of work expertise in an emergency.
That the nurse documentation and administration in emergency units for nurses by the researcher and co-researcher
was low level in Al-Shatra Hospital and moderate level in Al-Hussein Hospital.
Conclusions: The study concluded that the nurse documentation and administration in emergency units for nurses
by the researcher and co-researcher was low level in Al-Shatra Hospital and moderate level in Al-Hussein Hospital.
Recommendations: The recommended enrolling nurses for training course and continuing follow up for nursing
competency.

Azelnidipine is a calcium channel blocker with low water solubility and high lipophilicity and is intended for treating
angina pectoris and hypertension. This study aimed to increase and enhances the solubility of azelnidipine through its
incorporation in D--tocopheryl polyethylene glycol/polyxamer188 (TPGS/P188) micelles for oral administration and
substantially increasing the extent of drug absorption.
Nine formulations (A1-A9) were prepared by direct dissolution method using a combination of D-- TPGS 1000
succinate and Poloxamer 188. The size of the particle, polydispersity index (PDI), surface charge, and entrapment
capacity were measured. Theoptimumformulawassubjectedtofurthercharacterization including in-vitro release study,
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction study (XRD), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC),
and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The study showed that A9 was the optimum formula depending on the particle size
(24.22 7.61), polydispersity index (0.24 0.09), zeta potential ( 4.35 3.7), and entrapment efficiency percentage
(84.35 0.65). The small particle size, narrow size distribution, high entrapment efficiency, and negative near-neutral
Zeta potential of formula A9 significantly improve the drug transport and absorption via intestinal epithelium. they are
of prime importance for both in vitro and in vivo stability of Azelindipine-loaded micelles.
The profile of release showed controlled release characteristics of azelnidipine from formula (A9) compared to plain
drug release. The controlled release of Azelindipine could avoid precipitation of the drug in the gut and improve
its absorption. whereas rapid release of Class 2 drugs might lead to precipitation of the drug in GIT environment
before absorption. Solubility study showed enhancement of the drug solubility in micellar solution, this can improve
significantly the bioavailability. FTIR showed azelnidipine compatibility with TPGS/P188 copolymers and absence of
chemical interaction.
DSCandXRDshowedthetransformation of azelnidipine into an amorphous form and confirmed its localization inside
the micelles. AFM study showed smooth spherical morphology of formula (A9). Depending on these results, formula (A9)
is regarded as a promising nanocarrier for azelnidipine delivery.

Theobjective ofthis meta-analysis is to assess the impact of antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) on surgical site wound infection
(SSWI) throughout third molar surgery (TMS).
A meta-analysis was conducted using examinations that compared AP to placebo for TMS from different languages
that satisfied the inclusion criteria. Applying dichotomous random or fixed effect models, the findings of these studies
were analysed, and the Odd Ratio (OR) was calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
A total of 18 studies conducted between 2001 and 2023 were included in the present analysis. These studies initially
included 4063 individuals with TMS.
Asubstantial reduction in SSWI (OR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.33–0.65, p < 0.001) was observed in individuals with TMS who
received AP, with no heterogeneity (I2 1%) compared to placebo.
Data analysis showed that AP resulted in notably reduced SSWI compared to placebo in individuals with TMS.
However,it is important to be cautious when dealing with its values due to the fact that the examinations were conducted
by various surgeons with diverse expertise on different types of patients, and the small sample size of many of the
examinations chosen for the meta-analysis.

Background: A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the impact of single-incision (SI) versus multiple-incision
(MI) video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy on surgical site wound length (SSWL) and surgical site
wound infection (SSWI) in lung cancer (LC) patients.
Methods: Inclusive literature research till March 2023 was done and 598 interconnected researches were revised. The
8 picked researches, enclosed 1542 LC persons were in the utilized researches’ starting point, 310 of them were utilizing
SI, and 232 were utilizing MI. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were utilized to appraise the effect of
SI compared to MI VATS lobectomy for LC subjects on SSWL and SSWI by the dichotomous, or contentious approaches
and a fixed or random model.
Results: SI had significantly lower SSWL (MD, 1.53; 95% CI, 2.63–0.44, p 0.006) compared to MI in LC persons.
However, no significant difference was found between SI and MI in LC persons in SSWI (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.21–1.66,
p 0.32).
Conclusion: SI had significantly lower SSWL, however, no significant difference was found in LC persons in SSWI
compared to MI in LC persons. However, caution must be taken when interacting with its values since there was a low
number of nominated research found for the comparisons in the meta-analysis.