Sport culture

The aim of the research:-
- Identifying the level of the cognitive intelligence for the basketball players in the southern governorates.
The researcher proposed:-
- There is a moral relationship between cognitive intelligence and some of the basic skills for basketball players in the southern governorate.
The researcher used the descriptive approach in the survey method and correlational relations because of its suitability to the nature of the research, and the research population included basketball players of the first and second class clubs in the southern region for the sport season (2014-2015) which is composed of (280) players representing (20) clubs .
The researcher used questionnaire formas a research tool and this was forwarded to a number of specialist and experienced persons in the field of sports, psychological and educational sciences and basketball to demonstrate their opinions in the efficiency of cognitive intelligence ant tactical behavior scales .
The researcher used the following statistical measures:
1- The mean
2- The standard deviation
3- The percentage
4- Pearson correlation coefficient
5- The standard error
6- Spearman Brown equation
The researcher concluded the following:
- No significant differences in the level of cognitive intelligence and tactical behavior appeared between basketball players of the first and second class clubs in the southern region.
- The cognitive intelligence and tactical behaviorscales ,which the researcher has constructed, had been adopted in the measurement and calibration of similar researches done on basketball players in the Iraqi clubs.
- Emphasis on the use of scientific means in the psychological and mental preparation of the players to enhance their cognitive intelligence.
- Performing other studies about tactical behavior of basket ballplayers and correlation with different practical and psychological variables.

The progress that the world is witnessing today the result of the developments that occur in the educational field, so must the workers in this field use the best methods of learning, in order to create people who are able to sense changes and adjust and use, students are their basis in the face of the challenges of the times, although care students in the age group Initial is the bedrock of the origin of sound stages of their development following as the study aimed to build a curriculum games motor to learn some basic skills in football and recognize the impact of the curriculum and address the theoretical framework of play and understandable and what it is and the concept of gaming kinetic and classification play and the basic skills of football as was the use of the experimental method for its relevance to the nature of the research and to achieve a goal of the study, was selected research community way intentional, representing the first-graders average, the study sample was selected randomly using a lottery, and after conducting tests and the appearance of the results proved the validity of the curriculum prepared games motor learning some skills basic football and the superiority of the experimental group in the results of all the tests.

- Directed discovering style in cognitive achievement in technical learning for a number of basic skills in football.
- Sample consisted of students from the first year of study/ College of Sport/ Tikrit University, for the Academic year 2013-2014, totaling 24 students out of 90 students in the research scope, divided the sample into two groups, an experimental and control group, by 12 students per group, and applied to the experimental group curriculum manner guided discovery in addition to the collection of knowledge, while applied to the control group (method of teaching ordinary course), was the harmonization and the equivalence of the two groups in the variables of mass and height and age and some physical tests and motor, which has relationship skills under discussion, personal interview was used, metrology, testing and scientific observation and questionnaire as a means to gather information.
The researcher concluded the following:
- The method of guided discovery has a positive effect on the acquisition of technical performance of a number of basic skills in football.
- Superiority of the experimental group on the control group in the acquisition of basic skills in football under discussion.
- Giving feedback in all steps of guided discovery method leads to enhance performance skills.
The Researcher recommends the following:
-Urging the lecturers to use the style of discovery within the curriculum.

The research aims to
1. Prepare exercises (Mharrih- tactical) to develop a scoring accuracy.
2. Identify the effect of exercise (Mharrih- tactical) scoring accuracy
3. Identify the differences between the experimental and control groups in the post tests in the development of scoring
Was identified research society of my players Samarra Club (junior category) way deliberate's (38) player was chosen (24) players at random from the research community and original exclusion (14) players who are (2) goalkeepers and 12 players were conducted experiment Expeditionary them, and so was the research sample the division (24) as a player and who represent the percentage (63.15%) out of the research community overall, to two groups according to the order of odd and even numbers and then determine the two groups (control and experimental) indiscriminate way (lottery) .
And then process the data by using the ready-spss statistical program and found that there are effects of the exercises develop the scoring accuracy and shows the evolution of the experimental group is greater than the control group.

تهدف الدراسة التعرف على تأثير المنهج تعليمي باستخدام تمارين بدنية خاصة في الماء لتعلم الأداء الفني لسباحة الصدر ، تم اجراء الدراسة على عينة من طالبات المرحلة الرابعة بكلية التربية الرياضية / جامعة السليمانية 2014-2015 ، بلغ عدد افراد العينة ( 20 ) طالبة وزعت على مجموعتين ضابطة وتجريبية وبواقع عشر طالبات لكل مجموعة تم تحقيق تجانس افراد العينة بمتغيرات الطول والكتلة والعمر وباستخدام معامل الالتواء وكذلك تكافؤ مجموعتي البحث في بعض المهارات في السباحة ، أجريت الاختبارات القبلية على مجموعتي البحث ثم طبقت التمرينات البدنية الخاصة في الماء على المجموعة التجريبية فقط ولمدة (4) اسابيع وبواقع ثلاث وحدات في الاسبوع وبزمن ( 90 ) دقيقة لكل وحدة ، بعدها تم اجراء الاختبارات البعدية ومن ثم معالجة البيانات احصائيا بــــــــــ(SPSS ) ، استنتجت الباحثة ان التمرينات البدنية الخاصة المقترحة اثرت بمستوى الاداء الفني لسباحة الصدر ، واوصت الباحثة بضرورة استخدام التمرينات البدنية الخاصة في الماء في كافة انواع السباحة .

the effect short performance toleration exercise in some skillful and anaerobic ability and indicant fatigue variable for the experimental qroup. Identification on the effect short performance toleration exercise in some skillful and anaerobic ability and indicant fatigue variable in post-test for the experimental and controlled group.
The researcher has adopted the experimental methodology for its convenience to the nature of the research. The experiment has been carried
out on a sample of youth Arbil Athletic Club for football players which are (28) players in (16-19) ages and all of them selected intentionally and divided randomly into two experimental and controlled groups as (10) players for each group. After excluding (8) players from the whole group; (5) of them for exploratory experiment, and (3) players for they are goalkeepers.
The homogeneity and the equivalence have been achieved between both research groups in (age, tallness and mass) variables, and in the skillful variables determined by the specialist experts. The experimental design has been adopted called the random controlled group design in both pre and post-tests.
The research procedures included designing training method in style of the exercises of short performance toleration on the experimental group. Moreover, some of exploratory experiments achieved to determine the using exercises, as well as the repetitions, suitable resting time, and performance time to these exercises. After that, the physical, skillful, and the aerobic and anaerobic abilities pre-tests were achieved. Then, the training method is carried out when the experimental group implemented the suggested training method, whereas the controlled group implemented the method that is prepared by the coach.
The time of experiment is carried out during (8) weeks within two intermediate courses as four small courses for each intermediate course with load movement wave (3:1) as three training units per week. After that, the researcher has carried out the skillful and functional post-tests in the same procedures of pre-tests. Henceforth, the researcher used the following statistical means: (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, the percentage, t-test for the correlating samples, and t-test for the independent samples).
The researcher concluded the following results:
The exercises of short performance toleration achieved a spiritual developing in some the skillful variables to the experimental group. And The training method was prepared by the coach achieved a spiritual developing in rolling skill, close targeting skill, and extensional skill to the controlled group. Whereas nothing happened to other skillful variables. And The experimental group which implemented the exercises of short performance toleration achieved better developing from the controlled group which implemented the method was prepared by the coach in some the skillful variables which carried out by the research. And The experimental group which carried out the exercises of short performance toleration achieved better developing from the controlled group which implemented the method was prepared by the coach in idicant fatigue and anaerobic variables which carried out by the research.
The researcher suggests the following recommendations:
using the exercises of short performance toleration for training the young football players. And using the periodic training method with typical performance and performance difficulty of arrive the puls (170-180 )p/ m to develop the physical, skillful, and functional variables to the football players when using these exercis And Restricting the training curricula to appropriate the scientific principles and depending the functional indicators to determine the loads and the periodic rests. And making similar researches and studies on other athletic team activities and different age levels.

The objective of this research is the necessary to develop basic skills of the basketball player, especially the speed frequency because of its effect on the complex performance and tactical skills of the player.
The issue of the research is to seek the weaknesses of the performance which is related directly to the tactical performance which occurs in local and international Iraqi basketball teams.
The studies have shown the differences in speed performance which leads to tactical performance for the international and local players in Iraq for their shooting accurancy .
The researchers used ten players who are between the ages of 17 and 18, and the researchers also used tests for speed frequency of the arms and limbs, complex performance and shooting accurancy. After the players have done the suggested exercises, the researchers came out with a number of conclusions the most important is :-
The exercises have effected positively in the development of arms and limbs speed frequency and it how developed the complex performance and shooting accurancy of the basketball jump shot . Because of that, the researchers have suggested a number of recommendation, the most important is the benefit use of the suggested exercises the same way done by the researchers and doing more researches for different ages and generalize the results .

يهدف البحث إلى الكشف عن اثر اسلوب المجموعات التعاونية الصغيرة المرنة في تنمية الاتجاه النفسي للطلاب نحو مادة طرائق تدريس التربية الرياضية ، واستخدم المنهج التجريبي بتصميم المجموعات المتكافئة وعينة البحث تكونت من (36) طالباً من السنة الدراسية الثانية في كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة في الجامعة المستنصرية للعام الدراسي (2015-2016) وزعوا إلى مجموعتين متكافئتين كل مجموعة تكونت من (18) طالباً وتطلب تحقيق أهداف البحث استخدام مقياس الاتجاه النفسي نحو مادة طرائق التدريس وهو مقنن على البيئة العراقية ، اجري تكافؤ بين مجموعي البحث في الاتجاه نحو المادة وبعد الانتهاء من المنهج التعليمي اجري الاختبار البعدي لمجموعتي البحث وتم معالجة البيانات احصائيا وتوصل البحث إلى الاستنتاجات الآتية :
1- إن المجموعات الصغيرة المرنة ذات تأثير ايجابي في تنمية الاتجاه النفسي للطلاب نحو مادة طرائق تدريس التربية الرياضية.
2- تفوق المجموعات الصغيرة المرنة في تنمية الاتجاه النفسي للطلاب نحو مادة طرائق تدريس التربية الرياضية على المجموعة الضابطة التي استخدمت الاسلوب الاعتيادي في التعليم0
ويوصي الباحثان :
1- إدخال أسلوب المجموعات الصغيرة المرنة في تدريس مادة طرائق تدريس التربية الرياضية لما لها من تأثير ايجابي على الاتجاه النفسي للطلاب نحو المادة .

The research aims to measure the psychological fluency with sporty individual and collective games for the team the faculties of the University of Diyala, which include 13 faculty researchers used the descriptive manner Survey for suitability nature of the problem, either the research sample was selected (912) for the athletes from the team of Diyala University and thirteen Faculty, which represents the research community way intentional, the researcher conducted a major experiment through the distribution of the questionnaire attached in annexes research on the research sample the (275) athletes in individual games and (637) athletes in team sports then used researcher statistical bag of social Sciences (SPSS ) to manipulate search results, which included (mean, standard deviation and the value of (t) calculated) researchers found a group of the most important conclusions through a search of the state of mental fluency when players intramural sports higher than the results of individual games.