NTU Journal of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences

The principal objective of this experiment was to determine the type of bacterial associated with Ziziphus spina-christi(L.) tree showed individual colonies of Acinetobacterspp. and Molecularly diagnosed by using molecular diagnostic technology ( PCR) polymerase chain reaction by using some biochemical tests. It is the first recording of Acinetobacter Ziziphus spina-christi(L.) tree in Iraq.

The experiment was carried out in the green net canopy of the Depart. of Hort. and Landscape Design at the College of Agric. and Forestry for the period from April 8 to December 30, 2020, on the tuberose plant Polianthes tuberosa L., cv. Single, to study the effect of three factors on the growth and bulbs and bulblets production, included first: three diameters of the bulbs: Large (24-31 mm), medium (17-23 mm) and small (9-16 mm), second: soaking with gibberellic acid (GA3) in concentrations: 0, 200 and 400 mg.l-1 for 24 hours before planting, and fertilizing with microelements at: 0, 0.75 and 1.50 g.l-1 with the fertilizer called IQ COMBI, sprayed on the vegetative growth twice, The factorial experiment was carried out using split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replicates and fifteen plants for treatment. The results indicated the following: The use of large bulbs led to give the largest significant values of the number of leaves, number of lateral branches, leaf area, chlorophyll intensity, all the characteristics of the bulbs and the bulblets produced. The largest significant values were recorded in the characteristics of bulbs weight and circumference and bulblets weight and circumference when not treated with GA3. Spraying with micro-elements at a 0.75 g.l-1 had a significant effect in recording a significant increase in the characteristics, number of leaves, leaf area, chlorophyll intensity, bulb weight and volume, bulblet weight, diameter, circumference and volume. The results of the triple interaction between the factors under study indicated that the largest significant values were recorded when treating large bulbs with GA3 at 200 mg.l-1 and spraying with micro-elements at 0.75 g.l-1 for characteristics number of leaves 45.87 leaf.Pl-1, number of lateral branches 24.21 branch.pl-1, leaf area 63.13 cm2, chlorophyll intensity, weight of produced bulbs 52.77 g, diameter 43.63 mm, volume and number of bulblets.

The experiment was conducted in the autumn season (2020 AD) using the (RCBD) design and with three replications, in which the first factor tested the NPK nano fertilizer neutral consisting of four levels (N1, N2, N3, N4) (0,75,150,225) PPM sequentially, the NPK was equidistant, added twice the first with The seeds when planting. The second sprayed after a month of planting. The second factor uses different irrigation intervals consisting of three (F1, F2, F3) (4,6,8) days. The results of the experiment showed that the nano-fertilizer was significantly superior to Treatment N3 in all studied growth traits and yield, to give it the highest rate of traits: plant height, number of leaves, chlorophyll content, number of rows/horn, the weight of 500 grains, total dry matter yield, total grain yield per unit area, which amounted to (212.48 cm) , (14.04), (51.11), (13.51 row/cob), (136.83 g), (10.32 tons/ha) and (22.92 tons/ha) according to the order. As for the irrigation intervals, the irrigation interval was distinguished (F1) and was significantly superior to the other irrigation intervals, except for the irrigation interval F2, which was distinguished in the height of the plant to give it the highest rate (203.95 cm). The interaction was significant for nano fertilizer and irrigation intervals, where the two combinations of N3F1, N3F2 recorded the highest values for plant height (234.14, 234.23 cm), number of leaves (15.13, 15.00 leaves/plant), chlorophyll content (55.31, 55.99 cci), number of rows on the cob (14.26, 14). 13. row/cob), weight of 500 grains (143.62, 143.60 g), total grain yield (11.85, 11.79 ton/ha) and dry matter yield (25.76, 25.63 ton/ha) in order and without significant difference between them for the above traits.

The experiment was conducted at the vegetable field of Department of Horticulture and Landscape / College of Agriculture and Forestry / University of Mosul during the growing season 2019/2020 to study the effect of three factors: the first, two varieties of cabbage )Copenhagen market and Cherman(, the second, three levels of nitrogen fertilizer )0, 200 and 400 kg. ha-1(, and the third: two concentrations of humic acid )0 and 6 ml. L-1(, by using the split-split plots system within randomized complete blocks design RCBD with three replications. The results were as follows(please discussion the first factor and 2ndand 3rdand interaction between two and three factors: The treatment of Copenhagen market cultivar and fertilizer 400 kg N. ha-1with humic 6 ml.L-1were significantly superior in all studied traits represented in head circumference 58.50 cm and the number of unwound outer leaves 20.83 leaves. Plant-1, the number of inner-coiled 35.00 leaves. Plant-1, stem weight, stem length and total head weight 2918 g, and marketing head weight 1774 g, total and marketable yield of heads 121.581 and 73.901 t. ha-1, respectively, and percentage of dry matter in leaves 10.03% compared to the other treatments.

The results of the current study showed that the first appearance of Tetranychus urticaeon the tomato plantsleavesin the field was on 14/7/2020 and that the highest average number of mites was reached 371.78 mite per/10 leaves on, while the lowest average recordedwas23.19 individualsper /10 leaves on 5/10/2020 and for the comparison between varieties Naba variety hadhighest average (240.05 individuals),in compare with thelocal variety whichhad the lowest average of individual mite which was102.26mite. The correlation was positive and significant between the number of mites and the average weekly temperature (0.750) * Andthesignificantwasnegative (0.685 * -) with the relative humidity. The lowest mean of infestation was on the tomato cultivars Sandra (69.97%) and GS (63.05%). Based on the criteria of % of infested leaves and mite population density, the tomato cultivars GS and local were the least sensitive to infection, respectively. Thecorrelation values were insignificantly negative between of the affected leaves and the content of these leaves of proteins (-0.262), carbohydrates (-0.476) and flavonoids (-0.221), while it was significant positive with phenols (0.751) and insignificantly positive with alkaloids (0.432).

The studies were conducted in the apiary laboratory, apiary store and the external shed of the Plant Protection Department/Department of Plant Protection/College of Agriculture and Forestry/Mosul University during the year 2019-2020. Before using plant powders (black arum, oleander, and cinnamon) to control the wax moth, the effect of the powders on honeybee colonies was tested. The results did not show any negative effect of the powders under study on bees, and bees mortality as a result of treating frames with powders were not recorded. As for the effect of plant powders on the wax-moth, the results showed the lethal effect of plant powders (black arum, oleander and cinnamon) on the Wax moth larvae stage in the laboratory. All plant powders led to satisfactory mortality rates after a week of treatment, especially the black arum powder treatment which differed from the other treatments, and recorded the highest mort ality rate of 83.3%, followed by oleander powder with a mortality rate of 63.3%, then cinnamon powder treatment which resulted in the lowest mortality rate of 50.0% during the same period. It was noted that mortality rates differed among treatments for different dates. Interaction treatment of black arum powder and outdoor storage method with leaving a space between frames after a week of treatment recorded the highest mortality rate which was. The rates of larval mortality varied according to the method of storage, arranging the frames and the dates of data recording. Natural mortality rates of insect larvae were recorded in the control treatment, especially in outdoor storing frames, when leaving a space between frames. The control treatment did not record any natural mortality for larvae when using the storage method inside the store, regardless of the distance between frames or the dates of data recording

The main purpose of this study was to estimate the rainfall erosivity index (R) of USLE for eight models to get on the most appropriate erosivity index that can be used for the climatic conditions of Mosul city / northern Iraq . The validity of the models has been evaluated using the monthly rainfall depth for the period of (1983 –2012) .Results showed that there is a wide variation in R-value among the models. It ranged from (59.5) to (624.8) MJ.mm .ha-1.hr-1.The reason for that may be to the variation in thebasic formula of each model in estimating the errosivity index . . Statistical analysis using MAD, MSD and SE indicate that the Arnoldus model produced better predictions of erosivity at a given output time scale and generated better results than the other models. So it can be justified to use this model in future studies if required for describing the rainfall erosivity under the regional climate of the Mosul watershed.

This study was carried out at the animals house–college of the veterinary medicine university of Mosul aimed to identify the effect of acclimation and adding vitamin C to drinking water of local hens reared under hot climate in some physiological traits and production performance. One hundred twenty unsexed one day old (local chicks) were divided to two division, the first division reared on ordinary condition and called not acclimated and other division also reared on ordinary condition yet exposed to (39 ±2)°C temperature for six hours daily at age (6, 9, 12 and 15) days to acclimate them to high temperature and called acclimated. At (22) days old birds divided to four treatments in each treatment thirty chicks with three replicate (ten birds in each). The treatments were as follows T1 Control (An acclimated), T2 Acclimated,T3 An acclimated and adding 150 mg vit.C / Litter drinking water,T4 Acclimated and adding 150 mg vit.C / Litter drinking water. Birds reared under cyclic temperature (25 -36 -25)°C insemi opened housed until 56 days old. Statistical analysis of data showed significant increase in Hetero., Lympho., Mono., Baso., Esino., pH, Hb, RBC, WBC, PCV, weight gain, body weight at slaughter, carcass weight, Relative weight of Gizzard, Spleen and Liver weight for birds of T4. Improving in Heat Tolerance in T3 and T4. No significant differences between treatments in Initial body weight, Relative Heart weight and Body Temperature.

The present work was conducted aiming at isolating and diagnosing Toxoplasma gondiifrom the placentae of infected women and inducing infection in female Swiss albino mice, through intraperitoneal injection resulted in 100% infection rate. Evaluation of malarone and clindamycin, single and synergistic between them in infection of female mice on the tenth day of gestation and delivery and confirmation of congenital infection, treatment was started at the age of one month with the above mentioned drugs. The criteria considered were the number of dead mice, the percentage of survival, and the average number of brain tissue cysts. Treatment with the synergized malarone and clindamycin were used to treat congenitally infected mice, number of death was not reported and the survival rate was 100%. Average numbers of brain tissue cysts are reduced to 5.55 in adult infected mice and the cure rate was 100%. Histopathological effects that occurred in the congenitally affected females, they were the appearance of hyperplasia and introversion of the retina several folds and the presence of scars that connect the retina to the choroid, and the reduction of the visual papilla, and it was noted for the first time by using the Congo red stain, signs of amyloid deposits in the vitreous fluid and in the debris of the lens that appeared irregular and seemed filled with fluid. And fatty materials and debris residues of lentil fibers. It was observed for the first time that the optic nerve was doubled using Mallory\'s triple stain. As for the brains, the same changes were observed, and amyloidosis appeared using the toludine stain. When using the treatment malaron and clindamycin at a dose of 100 mg/kg synergistically, the effect of infection in the eyes was slight and a noticeable improvement appeared in the brains. As for the histochemistry of stains and their components, and brain, different response were noted between strong +ev control and –ev for those treated with the two drugs malarone and clindamycin at a dose of 200mg/kg withPAS stain and Alician blue stain pH 2.5%. For Von kossa stain and Pearl`s stain, different responses also appeared in the eyesand the brains.For Feulgen stain, used to detect apoptosis good results was obtained in eyes, brains.