Al-Nahrain Journal of Science

This work includes “organic” composition while biologically probe for several modern heterocyclic derivatives via 3 steps: Firstly synthesis from some 5-membered. heterocyclic derivatives (Pyrazole while isoindoline-1,3-dione) from quinoline.Secondly included characterized and confirmed by using melting point, TLC,infrared spectrum analysis while1H-NMR. Thirdly ncluded the examination of biological activity of some components against (4) varieties of pathogen bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis)gram-positive and (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp.) gram-negative andfungal infections (Candida albicans). The results of whole derivatives show stellar biological activity compared to antibiotics (gentamycin).

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neurological and psychological syndrome related to acute and chronic liver failure especially during cirrhosis, it is associated with over production of ammonia in gastrointestinal tract with failure excretion by the liver in addition to increased free radical and bacterial transmission have played an important role. A symptom of disease includes coma, ophthalmia, irregular sleeping, stress and difficult breathing. It may be develop to intestinal bleeding; reduced blood pressure and electrolyte disturbances. Myasthenia is early symptoms of muscle dystrophies and prevalence of antibodies against acetylcholine receptors, nicotine receptors, tyrosine kinase and low-density lipoprotein proteins thus severely weakening muscles andskeletons have been demonstrated, it is playing important role in myasthenia progressing especially after five years of liver antibodies detection. Recently, the treatment is mainly depending on the reduced intestinal ammonia with non-absorbent disaccha¬rides from intestine and MRI should be used to follow up in addition to newer immunosuppressive drugs such as Rifaxamin, an inhibitor of interleukins and steroids is very important to treat this disease

Newly synthesis derivative of imidazo (1,2-a) pyridine namely, 2-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-2,3-dihydro-imidazo[1,2-a] pyridine-3-yl methylene]-phenyl-amine (BDIPMA) was investigated as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in saline solution (3.5% NaCl) using potentiometric polarization measurements. Experimentally, the thermodynamic parameters obtained have supported a physical adsorption mechanism and the adsorption followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Quantum mechanical method of the Density Functional Theory (DFT) of B3LYP with [6-311++G (2d, 2p)] level were used to calculate the optimized structure, chemical inhibition efficiency parameter (%IE) and physical properties in vacuum and two solvents (DMSO and H2O), all at the equilibrium geometry. The surface changes of the carbon steel were studied using SEM and AFM techniques.

Tungsten oxide (WO3) nanoparticles at various concentrations of 1.7×10-2, 2.5×10-2 and 3.4×10-2 M were electrophoretic deposited onto stainless steel surface for corrosion inhibition investigations with respect to concentration as well as temperature by using potentiostatic polarization technique. Results obtained show that WO3 nano coating was used as a barrier layer for the corrosion protection of stainless steel in saline solution. The morphology of nanoparticles was examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).The obtained results indicated that these nanoparticles are good inhibitors. All polarization curves yielded similar behavior pointing to stainless steel corrosion is controlled by the charge transfer process so that the stainless steel dissolution mechanism does not alter due to the presence of the nanoparticles. Generally, increasing the inhibitor concentration and temperatures leads to an increase in the inhibition efficiency. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated, and the energy of activation data obtained of the corrosion reaction was decreased with an increase of the concentration of nanoparticles. It is likely that the adsorption of WO3NP on the surface of stainless steel was chemical in nature.

Three rapid, accurate and ecological friendly spectrophotometric methods are used for determination of Vancomycinat wavelength 200 nm for the zero-order method, 195-205 nm for the area under the curve (AUC) method and 200 nm for the first derivative method(D1). A calibration graph shows that Beer's law is obeyed over the concentration range between 4-16 mg.L-1 for all three methods with a correlation coefficient of 0.994, 0.998 and 0.997 for zero-order, AUC and D1 at valley 200 nm, respectively. Average of Rec.% were found to be of 100.870, 101.425 and 99.515 for zero-order, AUC and D1 at valley 200 nm, respectively. Statistical analysis of data reveals that all three methods are precise, accurate and suitable for the application Vancomycin in pure and pharmaceutical preparations.

This study was conducted to prepare the extract from medicinal plant Hertia intermediaand its evaluation for presence of anticancer activity. The medicinal plant was collected and shade dried then crushed to convert it into powdered form. The powdered form of the plant was soaked for 15 days in an organic solvent methanol (CH3OH). The extract obtained passed through the filtration process followed by vaporization of the residual solvent using rotary evaporator. The methanol extract of Hertia Intermedia was used to prepare different fractions of solvent using aqueous dichloromethane, benzene, butanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-hexane. Methanol extract, aqueous extract, butanol extract and extract of Hertia intermediadid not show any activity against cancerous cell lines. Hertia intermediadid not show any noticeable activity and remains inactive ROS against HeLa cell line, 3T3 cell line, MCF-7 cell line (cancerous cell). Hertia intermedia did not contain any bioactivity against cancerous or reactive oxygen species which is the initiator or producing cancer

This study is conducted for the determination of heavy metals concentration like Fe, Ni, Mn, Co, Cd, Cu and Pb in five edible vegetables (Cauliflower, Cabbage, Cucumber, Lady finger and Tomato), five edible Fruits (Water melon, peach, Banana, Mango (Sindhri & Langra) and apple) and peel of all these Fruits and endocarp of apple. Samples were purchased from the Local Market of Quetta city (Capital of Balochistan). Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ((FAAS, Thermo -Electron Corporation, S4 AA System, Ser. No, GE711544, China)double beam and deuterium background hollow cathode lamps of Fe, Pb, Cd, Co, Cu, Ni and Mn were used at specific wavelengths for the determination of heavy metals concentration. Samples were run three times and at least three or four standards are used for each metal analysis. Concentration of Fe, Mn, and copper were very much below the permissible limits defined by WHO/FAO. Concentration of Ni was found at toxic level in cucumber. Concentration of Cd was above the safe value in all samples except banana fruit given by WHO/FAO. Concentration of Co was found above the limit defined by ASTDR 1994 in all the samples. Concentration of Pb with respect to the (China food hygiene standards 1994) 0.2mg/kg and WHO/FAO 0.3mg/kg is above the limit in all samples but it found very high in Tomato, Cabbage, Cucumber, Peach and Watermelon. The overall result of this study reveals that the samples of vegetable and fruits are highly contaminated with heavy metals Co, Pb, Ni and Cd due to the usage of drainage water for watering them and their consumption can cause hazardous effect on human health.

New photostabilizers of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) were synthesized and investigated the photostabilizingefficiency of the polymer films by ultraviolet (UV) experiment. The rate of photodecomposition constant have been calculated for PVC films as a method for evaluating the efficiency of the organotin(IV) complexes that used as a photostabilizers after 300 hour of irradiation. The results have showed that the additives had reduced the rate of photodecomposition constant of PVC films significantly with comparison to PVC (blank). The (kd) value for PVC films was the highest in the absence of any additives, and the lowest value in the presence of triphenyltin (IV) complex.Keywords:TelmisartanPhotodecompositionPVCFilmsUVDOI: 10.22401/ANJS.23.1.08* Corresponding author:muna.bufaroosha@uaeu.ac.ae

In the present work, the remotely sensed images had gone through different stages before it become ready to be classified, firstly by transforming the raw images by using principle component analysis method (PCA). Applying PCA has shown that the first three bands gives 97.86% of the overall information that has been provided from the scene. RGB coloring method is adopted as an unsupervised method to classify the scene according to the RGB color combination for three principle component images, this unsupervised method guide us to a better selection of the ROI (region of interest), it’s becoming more clarity. Histogram equalization method has been used to enhance the colored bands. The results showed that the selecting of ROI from the original TM gave classification accuracy (85.84%), whereas, after applying the RGB coloring model, the accuracy raised to (90.13%). The accuracy has been shown to be equal (97.08%) after applying the enhancement method, and by applying the same methods on the PC-images the accuracy of classification raised to become (98.76%).

In1 this1 paper1 we1 use the Banachfixed point theorem investigate 1the stability and asymptotic1 stability1 of the zero solution for the first order retarded delay differential equation =-∑_ j= ^N▒〖b_j (t ,〖3y〗_t )3y(t)+f(t ,〖3y〗_t)〗where the delay is constant. Also we give new conditions to ensure the stability and asymptotic stability of the zero solution of this equation.