Al-Nahrain Journal of Science

New metal complexes including Ni (II), Co (II), Cu (II), Fe (III), Cr (III), Cd (II) and Zn (II) have been synthesized from parent ligand N-methyl m-nitrobenzohydroxamic acid. The condensation ratio is 2:1 of the ligand and metal salt (MX) in methanol. The ligand N-methyl m-nitrobenzohydroxamic has been prepared by the interaction of N-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride with m-nitrobenzoyl chloride. The coordination modes and bonding of the ligands along with its metal complexes have been identified by FT-IR, 1H-NMR and UV-Visspectroscopic techniques. It has been enumerated by spectroscopic techniques that the complex is formed via O, O-coordination to metal through the oxygen of carbonyl group and deprotonated hydroxyl group. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of theligand as well as its complexes have been estimated against two gram negative strains such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi, one gram positive strain Escherichia coli and one fungal strain yeast. In addition to this the cytotoxicity and antitumor activities have been evaluated resistant to Brine shrimps eggs and Hela cell line respectively

Petroleum is the most important source of energy which is required to be free of sulfur. Ionic liquid analogue was used to desulfurize Model oil at several conditions including different concentration of dibenzothiophene (DBT), time of extraction, temperature and ionic liquid analogue to Model volume ratios. The cheap and easy made ionic liquid analogue is a mixture of 1:5 mole ratio of Aluminum ammonium sulfate.12H2O: Urea (Alum).The desulfurization was followed by ATR-IR, GC-MS. Aluminum salt ionic liquidanalogue was found to have more than 90% removal of DBT from its mixture with decane (Model). The process in the Alum solvent was attributed to combination of an absorption and possibly oxidation of DBT through interaction of sulfur with the oxygen of sulfate group of the ionic liquid analogue when the IR bands of sulfate and hydrogen bond of ionic liquid analogue were influenced strongly by this interaction. The removal of dibenothiophene was more effective at 30 ºC and 10 min than higher temperature andlonger time.

Introduction: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a cancer that shapes from excessive amounts of a monoclonal immunoglobulin (Ig) which accumulate in the bone marrow, where they assemble healthy blood cells. Materials and Methods:there are two lines was dealt with it: For in vivo the study involved 80 multiple myeloma Patients grouped according sessions of chemotherapy (new diagnosis without treatment, and patients subjected to six sessions of chemotherapy treatment) for each group the following biochemical parameters were measured Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), albumin, calcium, C-reactive protein(CRP) in serum. In vitro was measured Growth differentiation factor 15 on RPMI 8226 cell line of multiple myeloma with mixture of chemotherapy (Mix1) and with combination of standard chemotherapy and antideportation paroxetine (Mix2).Results:In serum Growth differentiation factor 15 was showed significantly increased (p<0.05) for 1st cycle and 6th Cycle in comparison with new diagnosis group, for other cycles there are no significant difference. For Serum albumin, calcium and, C-reactive protein were appeared no significant between-groups differences when compared with their new diagnosis patients’ group. In vitro Growth differentiation factor 15 was appeared significant different when compared results of cell line with Mix1 in comparison to Mix2

A simple, sensitive and rapid method for the determination of Cyproheptadinein the pharmaceutical preparations and human fluids. The construction and electrochemical response characteristics of a poly vinyl chloride (PVC) membrane selective electrode for the determination of CPH are described. The proposed sensor was composed of cyproheptadine-Bromophenol blue as ion-exchanger and Di-butylphthalate (DBPH) (electrode A), Tris (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TEHP) (electrode B) and Ortho-nitrophenyloctylether (ONPOE) (electrode C) as plasticizers. The slopes were 53.10, 58.72 and57.44 mV/decade for electrode A, B and C. The linear ranges were 1×10-5-1×10-2, 5×10-5-1×10-2and 5×10-5-1×10-2M and the detection limits were 9×10-6,4.5×10-5and 4×10-5M for Electrode A,B and C respectively. The electrode B based on TEHP showed the best results. Electrodes were successfully applied to the determination of the cyproheptadine in tablets and human fluids by direct and standard addition potentiometry.

In this research, the synthesis of structurally important antioxidants 7-Hydroxy-4-Methyl Coumarin (C1) and 4-Hydroxy Coumarin derivatives was conducted. Coumarin was modified by various reaction steps for the production of target compounds. Different spectroscopic techniques characterized molecular structures FT-IR ,NMR. Antioxidant activity was carried out against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) in vitro spectrophometric assays. Compared to ascorbic acid, all compounds exhibited high antioxidant efficiency. Among compounds, Compound 9 performance was considered to be the highest (92%), followed by compounds 8 and 10 (90%). Ascorbic acid has been used as a standard drug with inhibition of the percentage 90.5%

In this paper, the effect of Coherent and Incoherent illumination in case of Fraunhofer and Fresnel diffraction have been studied. The comparison has been studied qualitatively in terms of Point Spread Function "PSF" and Modulation Transfer Function "MTF". This study assumed that there is no aberration and the medium is homogenous i.e.no turbulence.The results show that imaging in case of Fraunhofer diffraction pattern is better than imaging in case of Fresnel diffraction pattern, and for the two type of illumination. Moreover, imaging using incoherent illumination is better than imaging using coherent illumination, and for the two types of diffraction pattern

In this paper, we introduce a modified semi analytic iterative method for solving conformable fractional Partial Integro-Differential equations (CFPIDEs). The methodology is tested by some illustrative examples which are given to demonstrate its accuracy, applicability and efficiency.

In this research paper, the backstepping method (BSM) will be proposed for stabilizing and solving system of 2×2 Riccati matrix ordinary differential equations. Such equations have many difficulties in the studying their solutions and stability. The basic idea behind of this approach is to use the BSM as a transformation method for transforming the original system into an equivalent one which is stabilizable and solvable based on constructing the Lyapunov function

In this paper the approximate solution of the non-linear equations of multi-term fractional order delay differential equations by using the homotopy perturbation method is considered. The fractional order derivative is communicated in the Caputo sense. In this methodology, the solutions are found in the form of a convergent power series with easily computed components. Finally, some examples are given to illustrate the obtained results, and then a comparison between the exact and the approximate results were given and they are presented in order to show the reliability and the accuracy of the proposed method

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) images of brain are a process of high importance to diagnosing brain tumors. Brain tumor is an abnormal growth of cells in the brain. These tumors may be benign or malignant. The use of computer technologies became widely used to store and manage medical images for supporting medical decision and improve the accuracy of radiologists with a reduction of time in the interpretation of images. The present study aimed to establish a Computer-Aided Detection and Diagnosis (CADD) system dealing with medical MRI for classifying input digital image into normal or abnormal tumors, also the type of abnormal case is diagnosed into benign or malignant tumor. The proposed method is considered to be contained four stages within, they are: Pre-processing stage, image segmentation for determining the Region of Interest (ROI), Feature extraction based on Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) descriptor, and then classification. The results of classification are evaluated by cross validation technique, in which the dataset are divided into training set and testing set. To evaluate the achieved results, the classification is carried out using two levels for each case: logistics technique is used to check the results of normal case, and random forest to check the results of abnormal cases. Results of normal classification showed that the accuracy of applying Logistic Regression was 93.3%, whereas theclassification score of abnormal cases was 99.9% for Random Forest, which ensure the success of the classification system and correct path of the computations

The quality of food stuff is the main concernof everyone and scientific community is busy in monitoring and ensuring the quality. The aim of this review is study the importance of heavy metals in and the concentrations of these in the meat of chickens. The data of heavy metals concentration (Pb, Cd,Zn, Cu, Ni) in chicken meat determined in various cities of Pakistan such as Karachi, Kohat, Lahore and Kasur city is presented in this review and a comparison study is conducted among the results. The mean accumulation of lead was observed the highest inthe research study performed in Lahore of four cities of Pakistan due to the lead contaminated chicken food while that of Karachi was observed the lowest mean level of Pb of all. Kohat was found second to all. The mean concentration of cadmium was observed the highest level in Kohat, because the main source of cadmium is food, among all concerned cities of Pakistan. The research study in Karachi was observed the lowest amount of cadmium in liver. However, no any significant difference of Cd in liver between Lahore and Kasur was observed. The mean concentration of Zn was observed the highest in the liver of Lahore as source of the metals are chicken food than other studies compared. The mean levels of zinc in study of Karachi were observed the lowest of all.On the other hand, the mean accumulation of nickel was observed highest in Karachi due to the industrial wastes that contaminate the chicken food, among the already performed studies of all three cities while Kohat study result was observed the lowest mean concentration of nickel among the three

This study aims at preparation of extract of medicinal plant Hertia intermedia and determination of their anti-inflammatory activity in it. The plant Hertia intermedia (Root, Stems, leaves and flowers) was collected and was dried under the shade. After drying the plant was subjected to grinding in order to obtain powdered form. The powder obtained was soaked for the period of 10-15 days in methanol (CH3OH). The extract obtained was filtered and the remaining solvent was removed using rotary evaporator. Different fractions of solvent using aqueous dichloromethane, benzene, butanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-hexanewere prepared using methanol extract of Hertia Intermedia. Methanol extract, aqueous extract, butanol extract and extract of Hertia intermedia showed no bioactivity against inflammatory cell line. Hertia intermedia did not show any noticeable activity. Hertia intermedia have no bioactivity against inflammatory cell line.