AL-ADAB JOURNAL

The research deals with the study of the phenomenon of
alienation and its various types in the poetry of Majid al-Rabei,
the contemporary Iraqi poet. The feeling of alienation arose in
him for various reasons. In preparing this research, the
researcher relied on the descriptive and analytical approach to
find the different types of alienations, relying on modern
literary sources, especially the poetry collection of the poet
Majid al-Rubaie. Religious, Brotherhood, political and other
alienations, as a result of the woes and crises suffered by Iraqi
society, including the deterioration of Iraq in wars and
occupation and other matters that have caused destruction to
Iraq. About these meanings. The reason for choosing this poet
to study is that the poet does not know him as students and
researchers as he deserves, when studying his poetry during
examination of the sections of alienation in his life. As well as
knowing the poet’s reaction to this alienation and other matters
in his poetry.

This research establish for the essence of innovation in Arabic criticism as the innovation is considered the highest grade in artistic especially in Arabic poetry and it becomes a criticism standard in introducing the poets .This research shows its concept , terms and words .It is divided into four main points .In the first point it studies the dictionary innovation words .In the second point it discusses the circulated description words .In the third point it discusses the rhythm innovation words ,The fourth point studies other words ,This research reaches to more than (thirty five) words that were mentioned in the critics speech expressing the innovation as well as other words take the favored meaning and others.

The historical approach stands at the forefront of external critical
approaches dealing with the study and comparative analysis of
literature In other contextual approaches, such as the social and
psychological curriculum, it seeks to study what surrounds literature
from circumstances and influences related to the literary work and
affect its upbringing by evoking the environment and age of the
writer, and he considered them as important factors in the
crystallization and maturity of literature. It was noted in the Journal of
the College of Arts that most of the published literature Abbasid
literature is submitted to the historical method in its study, and this is
evident through the selected models of the applied aspect.
This research included the study of the Abbasid literature in light
of the historical method, studies of heritage verification, as it became
active authoring movement in the field of literary heritage
investigation, since this type of authorship is at the core of the
historical method, in addition to studying literary biography that took
an interest in the life of the creator and his biography as a starting
point in the study of literature and its analysis is according to the
historical method. I have used some samples from the research
published in the Journal of the College of Arts in order to represent
the applied side in the study of Abbasid literature.

The Arab viewpoint differed with Chomsky in terms of the actual corner arrangement pattern in the sentence, although some Arab generators say so. Because the rules of the English language are not reflected in Arabic, But the deletion of verbs represents an omission of a basic corner of the sentence, and it must be done according to certain controls. This research studies the verb as a vital element in the generative approach. Because he took center stage in the profound structure that this curriculum places at the fore.

Critics have been interested in the ways of presenting personality and presenting it in narrative work because of its central role in activating the dynamics of the narrative process. The author follows a specific approach in presenting the personality within the work. This approach is usually in one of two ways: Either the author describes the character accurately, or the character appears through the events of the novel itself and the interaction of the personality with them.

The description is based on: "the presentation and presentation of objects, objects, facts and events in their spatial rather than temporal and temporal existence rather than their temporal function and their repetition rather than following them". It is the creative person who leaves his imagination to play an important role in drawing his characters, and depends on his understanding of the personality and his perception of the actions that may be issued under certain circumstances. The personality that we find disturbed in any literary work is different from the character we find troubled in life because: "The literary character is made from the imagination of the writer and the link between them and the real character is that it is a technical symbol." If the character is fictional, which is not real, the poet comes to express an issue, but there are some real characters inspired by the poets of reality, so they describe it and draw it to the recipient for the purpose of approximation of the picture, or may resort to the analysis of their actions and actions to bring the image to the recipient. This is what we found in the poets of the sons of Asad.

In light of the extrapolations of the poets of Bani Asad, we found more than one way in presenting the personal presentation in the descriptive manner that we will study in this research.

This research studies the relationship between journalism and novel in very important period of the modern history. The twenty-first century witnesses a massive information revolution, where journalism and media have more influence in individuals, communities, political & economical systems. etc. This influence includes the literature which reflect the society.

A lot of modern research studied the relationship between novel and literary & non- literary types, without focusing on the relationship between novel and journalism according to their history, mutual impact and other interlacement & interlacement. The researcher does not acquaint a study about the deep relationship between journalism & novel, and its most important figure in Arabic novel texts form its early beginning till the present time, which drives the researcher to give this study the title of (Journalism Descriptions in Arabic Novel during 21 Century.

Deep historical relationship between novel & journalism, with a lot of journalists who became well known for their both novel & journalism activities, indicate the correlation or even the correlation from the early beginning of novel and journalism. This is in addition to the fact that novel has more free scope where various literary types could be interacting together which makes novel the closest literary type to journalism, since both of them have the narrative element.

Our literary heritage is full of precious treasures and jewels as long as critics have been discovering, refining and benefiting from them, and the news is one of the important aspects of literature in general and an active document in literature criticism, as literary criticism has grown naturally with the growth of arts of literary expression over the tongues of the people of the statement from the stage of speech to the codification stage In the pre-Islamic era, it began based on taste and common sense that are influenced by what one hears of poetic creativity and interacts with it with approval, approval and differentiation.

Attitudes and critical judgments are formed in the aftermath.

The news included in his various literary speeches all the arts of saying and keeping us those opinions and judgments, so the critics took care of collecting it, writing it down, then classifying it and classifying it in a way that serves their demands and issues on the one hand, and the reader enjoys and facilitates him the way to read and benefit on the other hand, especially since gathering these news in Volumes and books were an imperative, and had it not been for the scholars to restrict their thoughts and opinions and preserve the traces of those who preceded them, the first science was null and late.

Accordingly, Arab critics used literary news in the field of their theoretical and applied studies, addressed issues and critical issues with it and built their topics by telling the news, and they relied on it as a document and a reference window, witness and historical and scientific argument and for this we realize experience and certain that the news has a clear impact in framing the critical efforts of our brilliant scholars and directing research In the field of literary criticism, positive guidance is given; Because the value of the judgment that the critic releases stems from his use of the news as a tool for supporting these judgments and a way to convince the recipient of their content .

Following the SafinBattle in the year (37 AH), the major role of the Kharijites was emerged as an apostate group from the real Islamic religion during the succession of Imam Ali Peace Be Upon Him (PBUH). Because they went out of his obedience after the arbitration. When they saw that the caliphate is a right for all Muslims, there is no difference between Qureshi and others whether Arabic or Ajami.Besides, some other issues that are considered as controversy and disagreement.In this matter, they saw that fighting Imam Ali was holy duty which had to do. This was apparent during their mobilization to fight the Imam in the Nahrawan Battle, and his followers killed them the most murderous killers such as Abdullah bin Khbab and his wife. However, their differences with Imam Ali PBUH had roots and occasions before that time. Imam Ali PBUH responded in many debates on a number of issues that he discussed with them such as their disagreement with him about what took place in the Camel Battle and on the vision of the Imam in his leadership of the Safin Battle of against Muawiyah bin Abu Sufyan. Nonetheless, the Imam responded to this by refuting their arguments in front of people. This was directly through a discussion with them, or indirectly via sending a great companion: Abdullah Bin Abbas (May Allah be pleased with him) to them in order to change their previous opinions regarding the view towards the conduct of governance and state affairs in accordance with the Islamic perspective and other aspects. Those showed the truth that the Imam provided it and destroyed the falsehood that Kharijites called for.

Twfiq Wahbi akurdish_Iraqi officer he was an educated person and he was also entering and researcher in Kurdish Language. He was one of the establishers of Iraqi army in 6 January in 1921.He went to the civil work and he held Leading positions in the modern Iraqi country. He worked as a minister of economy and education then a minister of social affairs. He had a lot of writings and he considered one of the important references in the types of art, Language, science, news, travelling and men Levels. but he had Less Literary and intellectual writings though he was distinguished for his Linguistic and Literary abilities. He had a great role in designing, the modern Kurdish alphabetical and it's written in Arabic Letters. He was one of the establishers of Iraqi scientific complex and he great interest in culture, art and social affairs through his foundation or participation in the social clubs that visited by the men of policy, science and art. He had clear touches and conti but ion in the fields of media and art. He mastered a lot of languages ((cold and new one)) example Arabic Kurdish, English, Carmen, Turkish and Persian (old and new). The cultural side played a great role in completing and shaping his character and the great efforts he presented for the Iraqi culture in general and the Kurdish one especially. as a result, He had a clear role in finding a number of new Letters and putting the grammar of Kurdish Language .so Wahbi was the first Kurdish man who fix the rules of writing Kurdish Language in Arabic Letters and putting special signs for it. Then his writings came in different Languages moreover his researches, studies and different assays.

QOM It lies along with an arid salty desert: From the north, it is bordered by the city of Al-Ray, to the south by Qashan, and from the west by Sawa. It was conquered by force by Abu Musa al-Ash'ari after the battle of Nahawand in the year (23 AH / 644 CE).

The history of Qom was part of the struggle of the indignant powers over the Umayyads succession in the Islamic East, such as Mutrif ibn al-Mughira ibn Shahba when he deposed Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. It also had a role in the Abbasids revolution, when they adopted it as their main position in their struggle with the Umayyads, so the Qummies were convinced of the illegality of the Umayyad and Abbasid succession in judgment. So they were showing their resistance in any way to the Abbasid succession. Thus, this city based its relationship with the Abbasid succession on constant hostility and rejection of them, which made the Abbasid succession warn of them and monitor their movements, and send armies to them when they departed from its obedience, as well as entering this city at an early period in Islamic history. The largest school of jurisprudence was established in it. Senior jurists and diligent people grew up in it. And it became one of the most important schools of jurisprudence in the Islamic world, after the school of Medina and the school of Kufa for the Shiite sect. It graduated many jurists, hadith narrators, and scholars in various Islamic sciences. One of the manifestations of the revival of Shiite thought was Moez al-Dawla al-Buaihi's strengthening the position of the Shiites among other sects.

When the great Arab revolution that was led by Al - Sharif Hussein, was announced in 1916, against the Ottoman Empire. France was afraid of its recognition of the declaration of the revolution against the federations and standing by Al - Sharif Hussein for fear that the rise of the revolution might prevent it from achieving its control over the Levant. Which it has been seeking to control it since long time. However, Britain has an important influence in encouraging France to recognize the Arab revolution. France has received an official request from Britain through its ambassador to Paris the Lord Bertie.

Where by which urges it to provide assistance to the revolution. Where Britain assured to France that it should strengthen its relationship with Al-Sharif Hussein. Because in the event that the Allies delay in implementing his request regarding the provision of assistance. He may be forced to reconcile with the Ottoman Empire. So, before this request that was submitted by Britain to France.

The latter considered that the revolution of Al-Sharif Hussein must be recognized, albeit outwardly. Therefore, due to its fear that Britain would be unique in gaining wide influence in the Arab East when providing its assistance to the revolution.

The research was based on knowing the most important planning criteria for the division of housing units in the municipalities of Al-Ghadeer and Al-Karkh, how to adhere to their application, and the main reasons that led to the division.

Among the most important of these criteria are standards related to the family and standards related to the housing unit, and it was found through the application of these standards on the housing units in the search area that most of them were not applied by the residents therein, and that all social reasons represented an increase in the number of family members, and the number of families that Caused by housing overcrowding within the housing unit, and economic reasons such as a decrease in the level of income and administrative reasons such as failure to develop a current or future plan to address the housing crisis, or for a personal reason such as renting a housing unit for the purpose of renting or selling it or for another reason, all of these factors contributed effectively to the spread The phenomenon of dividing residential units into more than one section and not adhering to the planning standards agreed upon by the Ministry of Planning, which generally affected all infrastructure or superstructure services in the research area.

The study aims to find out the size of erosion in the Karadagh fold in Sulaymaniyah Governorate. The intensity of the erosion activity was measured by adopting the Bergsma equation, for the intensity of furrow carving, and it was found that there are five degrees and defined the scope of its work and its area according to the degree of its activity and as shown in the detailed map. The first class is very light erosion (21,004 km2), the second class is light erosion (185,281 km2), the third class is medium erosion (431,434 km2), the fourth class, high erosion, occupied an area (357,371 km2), and the last category was very high erosion, which amounted to an area. (30,792 km2), which is the smallest area in relation to the rest of the other erosion areas. As for the movement of materials, it had a significant and clear effect on the formation and retraction of the slopes of the study area, depending on the results of the detailed field survey, it showed the presence of a great activity of free fallout and represented the most dangerous types The geomorphology of the region, as well as the risks resulting from the erosion activity, was observed less widespread activity of rock slides and soil encroachment, which affected this activity as a whole on the village buildings from the slopes that dominate these processes.

This study aims at transforming rainwater from human and economic risk to a source of water that can be utilized in the desert of Muthanna Governorate (Badia Samawah) which suffers from large water deficit, and offer proposals to benefit from flood waters and harvest rain water directly. Because the rainy season is limited and limited to the winter in Iraq, it was necessary to work seriously to benefit from every drop of rain water and not to lose it. The efficiency of the limited use of rainwater for the cultivation of the land and to provide the necessary food for the inhabitants of these areas, and this exploitation is by the state and individuals alike, but the burden is on the state because of its potential to facilitate this process, Work to maximize the use of rainwater in a rational and accurate manner. Directing efforts to maximize the use of rainwater in the Badia requires interaction, enthusiasm, disciplined activity, accuracy, follow-up and careful commitment. As well as respect for the responsibility of water management and the perception of the risk of complacency, complacency, and negative consequences on humans and the environment. The problem of water shortage, population growth and consumption requires us to invest rainwater in the Badia as part of a true national aquatic wealth.

The current study provides a spatial and temporal assessment of temperature trends and rainfall in Iraq for the period from 1979 to 2018, based on the data of the Iraqi Meteorological Organization, and the use of the Mann- Kendall test at significance levels (0.01 -0.05), in addition to assessing the rates of change using the Sen’s test. The results of the study revealed an increase in the lowest temperatures in the study period in all seasons of the year, and the summer season recorded faster trends towards warmth (exceeding 3 ° C during the study period) in some monitoring stations, as in the stations of Khanaqin and Najaf. The results of the rain trend analysis have clear spatial and temporal variations, taking into account that most of the stations were characterized by a decrease in the amounts of rain during the spring and autumn seasons and at the annual level as well, while the autumn recorded an increase in the amounts of rain in most of the stations, and the study was concerned with what was mentioned in the evaluation of future changes In terms of temperatures and rainfall, depending on the data derived from the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX), through two models, and two scenarios (RCP4.5 & RCP8.5), we have adopted the assessment of the projections. Climate acceptability on the comparison of climate forecasts for the future period (2021-2060) for the base period (1979-2018) and the results showed that the minimum temperatures for the RCP4.5 moderate scenario will increase by (-1.1 1.7) ° C during the next four decades, while it is expected that Maximum temperatures are higher than current rates by (1.6 -2.7) ° C, Compared to the current climate, according to the high scenario RCP8.5, rainfall will decrease by (58-69) in most parts of Iraq according to scenarios RCP4.5 RCP8.5, particularly the southern regions, and accordingly future climate changes will add more environmental and economic pressures in Iraq, particularly the agricultural production sectors, water resources, energy consumption, etc., which requires the development of policies and strategies for adaptation to climate change.

Natural plant management and development is one of the main goals that the world strives to achieve because it is the backbone that supports most aspects of human life with what it needs from the elements of success, development and well-being. Important natural and finding appropriate solutions to these problems as well as addressing the impact of natural plants on the developmental processes in the province in order to highlight the most important aspects that enter the natural plant in its sustainability. This study revealed the presence of good types of natural plants growing in and in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, such as oak, pine and walnut forests, and riverbank trees such as willow and western, in addition to the steppe plants, both wet and dry, and others.

The decline of the areas planted with palms, their numbers and production in Baghdad governorate is due to many natural, human and life factors. The research aims to study the geographical distribution of the problems and obstacles facing date palm cultivation in Baghdad Governorate and the reasons behind them. And a statement of the geographical distribution of date palm cultivation in terms of areas, numbers, production and productivity for the year 2018 by administrative units (districts).

A questionnaire form was created with (500) questionnaires containing 17 questions related to date palm problems and their obstacles, as well as conducting a field study and approving data issued by official departments in conducting the research, As the area of palm trees in the governorate of Baghdad reached 96,809 dunums and its number is 2420225 trees, while production reached 148050 tons. The data related to the geographical distribution of date palm cultivation and the problems and obstacles that they suffer from were enumerated and classified as categories according to the Natural Breaks Jenks method and represented on maps using the ARC GIS 9.3 software.

. The most important findings of the research are the outweighing of human factors in the decline of date palm areas, the most prominent of which is urban expansion by 64%, followed by the problem of lack of government support by 55%, followed by the life factors represented by the problem of pests and diseases by 63%. Natural factors were followed by 42% of the total owners of orchards, followed by saline land, at 35%.

The water ration of the harvest of beans in Diyala governorate was calculated based on the climatic data of the Khanaqin station for the period (1988-2017).

The ( Monteith - Penman) equation was used for the Food and Agriculture Organization to calculate the possible evaporatio / transpiration, which is the basis for calculating the water ration of agricultural crops to calculate the regulation and reached the rating Aqueous (21, 48.9, 30, 32.9, 76.5, 153,5 and 2,3) mm, respectively. In the season of planting the legume crop, which extends from the month of (October) to the month of (April), and it was found that the amount of rain fall is low and it is not sufficient to rely on it to meet the water needs to irrigate the crop of leftovers in the months of the agricultural season, And the simple correlation analysis (Pearson coefficient) is the presence of a strong and positive correlation between the water index of the yield of peas and the climatic elements (solar brightness,wind speed, and the amount of evaporation/ transpiration) a medium correlation ,while the minimum temperature has a negative correlation.

As for the multiple regression analysis, there is a positive relationship between the water ration of the bean crop and the independent changes (maximum temperatures, wind speed and solar brightness), as the amount of the water ration increases with the higher the values ​​of these variables above, and the amount of the water ration decreases with the lower the values ​​of these variables above, and the existence of a negative relationship between the water rationing The variables are the amount of rain, and as the amount of rain rises, the amount of water rating for the harvest of legumes decreases and vice versa, and the multiple regression coefficient if it reaches (94%) of the fluctuations that affect the amount of the water rating of the remnant transformer in the study area due to the independent variables. Count it if it reaches (6%).

My work in this research was to get acquainted with the most important facts about the existential security of Iraqi women after the events that occurred in Iraqi society in 2003. As many inhumane issues surfaced that raided the security of women and forced them to cope with those crises. The state of security and stability, the importance of self-respect and the feeling of existential fulfillment of human life, is a fundamental test for the enjoyment of man, especially women, of the most basic human rights that God Almighty has granted to human beings. The danger that has become a death toll at any place and time, the spread of terrorist ideology, manifestations of violence and discrimination based on gender, institutional defects and the spread of poverty in society, have made women cheap and lacks their existential security on the face of the earth. Herein lies the problem.

The importance of research stems from the importance of what women represent in society, and what many organizations and conferences concerned with human rights have called for regarding the importance of the security situation as a basic source of life, and the sense of reassurance leads the individual to initiate and contribute to achieving development goals.

As for its objectives, it was summarized in highlighting the nature of the existential security of Iraqi women, and standing on the most prominent images and violations of the existential security of women after the events of 2003. In order to reach the safety compound for the security of Iraqi women, we tried to find out what the state of danger produces through the destructive images that it reviewed of violations of the existential security of women in Iraq. And its effects are still rooted in society.

Then we tried to present some conclusions drawn from the research. We concluded by presenting some recommendations and proposals that would address the insecurities that women face in society. We hope to contribute to changing the stereotype rooted in the mind and spirit of society, which views women with a narrow view and considers them a second-class individual, trying to bring them to the right of the existential security that they deserve.

This research deals with the Baha'i religion, in an attempt to overcome the misunderstanding surrounding it, whereby the believers were treated as a group trying to destroy the Islamic religion, and the claim of Bahaullah as the Messenger of this time was also met, as well as his claim that he was the last transfiguration of God was accepted as a form of heresy and deviation from The den. Which required that a campaign of skepticism and accusation was launched that did not end until now, as religion was accused of being driven by international intelligence, or that it was a branch of Freemasonry. Until now, this religion has not been widely recognized.

The process of deciphering the ambiguity carried out by this research is based on using the Sufi root in it to provide a clear explanation of everything that is raised around it, which is believed to be contrary to Islam or used to destroy it and expose its beliefs to deliberate distortions.

It is well known that Sufism is based on presenting two understandings of religion, and indeed of life in general, both outward and mystical, and the esoteric understanding is based on a process of interpretation of almost everything and dealing with life and people as manifestations of the revelation of God, and the journey of mysticism is based on several levels, it comes in Its end is the order of union with the truth, whereby the Sufi speaks her name or expresses her will. Accordingly, it is not surprising that Hussain is based on the Mazandaran, who according to this research is a Sufi in the Shaykh-Shiite way, presenting himself as a manifestation of the revelation of God, just as the faith of the believers in his claim is no longer surprising if we present them as Sufi, and it has often been issued by the sheikhs of Sufism in history The Islamic claims are similar.

The research dealt with the role of social service in confronting the problem of addiction and drug abuse and preventing it using various technical methods, and mitigating the effects of drugs abuse, showing the treatment stages for social service and the basic goals, social service practices for returning to addicts, and methods of preventing relapse.

The social service profession plays an important role in the process of rehabilitation of addicts, and this role is no less important than the therapeutic role, rather it is part of it, and the rehabilitation role is part of the integrated treatment plan for work in the field of addiction, and this part is called aftercare. It is concerned with establishing facts about the conditions and aspirations of returnees when planning programs for their care. It identifies their preferences and studies their needs, and makes them a material for plans.

Since the beginning of the eighties of the last century, Iraq has lived long and continuous years of crises when it fought in the midst of two wars and an economic blockade since August 1990 and then the occupation of Iraq in 2003. All these developments left dangerous effects and repercussions on the societal conditions of Iraq in terms of material and human and caused a crack in its construction, balance and functions. On another level, these circumstances have caused pollution in the psychological and social climate on the ground, which has become saturated with the dust of enmity and hostility among its children. There is the fact that the effects of war on society and the consequent problems in the moral and ethical aspects and the public relations of society is the most influential and complex problem of the post-war in particular. It remains tilted to such an extent that it is difficult to predict its effects in a society like Iraqi society.

Nietzsche’s criticism, or his rejection of the previous philosophies, is a separating point between contemporary philosophy and the philosophies that preceded it, meaning that Nietzsche’s criticism of Greek philosophy, Christianity, contemporary as well as modern, and his criticism of the prevailing values ​​at that time (moral and religious) which he launched On it Nietzsche (slave ethics), critiqued and Nietzsche replaced traditional values ​​(Christian values) that express human submission to God, with creative values ​​in which they are superior to the status of the human self. To prove the human being, that is, Nietzsche rose up against religion, especially Christianity, and criticism of traditional metaphysics.

The study aimed to find out the effect of the dialogue strategy on developing oral expression among first-grade intermediate students, and the research sample consisted of (66) students, the experimental group reached (34) students who studied using the dialogue strategy, and the control group reached (32) students who studied in the traditional way. The researcher prepared a test and scale for correcting the oral expression skills of the students, and the researcher used statistical methods represented in the arithmetic averages, the T test, and the standard deviation. The results also resulted in the existence of statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups at the level of significance (0.05) and in favor of the experimental group in all skills. The researcher recommended focusing on oral expression skills and working on their development.

The current research aimed to measure self-compassion in the elderly. Self-compassion in the elderly is identified according to the gender variable, and the place of residence outside homes for the elderly and inside homes for the elderly. The current research sample reached (286) elderly people in Baghdad governorate, in a random way. Research tool: The Neff scale (2003) Arabization of Zarzis (2010) was adopted. And then the psychometric properties of the scale were extracted. The results of the research showed: The elderly have statistically significant self-compassion, the presence of statistically significant differences among the elderly outside the role, and there are no statistically significant differences according to the gender variable.

The research aims to know the effectiveness of differential learning in the development of inferential thinking among fifth literary students, because of the impact of any differential learning in making students able to extrapolate, conclude, analyze and interpret when studying Arabic grammar, which reduces the difficulty of the subject, by applying the five steps For learning exclusively, starting from the problem stage, then the reference phase, then mental processes, the semantic network, and finally the semantics.

The current research aims to identify the emotional suppression among the students of the first (and third) grade students, and the significance of the difference in the emotional suppression according to the variable type (male and female) and the variable of academic achievement for the father. Stratified random from directorates (Rusafa and Karkh), the researcher has built a scale to measure emotional suppression, and after statistical treatment and data analysis, the researcher reached results stating that the research sample (first and third grade) has an emotional suppression, and there is no difference in the emotional suppression according to the type variable (Male and female), and there is no escape S in the emotional repression according to the achievement of the father and the mother, and in light of the results the researcher reached a number of recommendations and proposals, including: The work of advisory and preventive programs on how to reduce emotional repression and develop skillful thinking skills among students by activating the role of educational counselor in this aspect, especially in secondary schools, and conducting similar studies for the current research on other social segments and older age groups.

The two main concepts of the present study: disgust and vocational competence, since individuals react to the attitudes that provoke their emotions, and disgust seems to be an essential and unique reaction drawing the attention of the psychological, philosophical, and neurotic scopes recently. It is distinguished by its response to retreat accompanied by sickness and certain facial expressions differ from one situation to another defined by the aspects that encourage retreating from a large group of various cultural backgrounds, because it is a main force in social upbringing which prevents us from contacting a number of strangers and avoiding these violators of moral codes like the homeless, drug addicts, whores who are the group that are exposed the most to contagious diseases than the ordinary people who protect themselves from it keeping a normal life rhythm.

The research aimed to identify (coping style) the research sample consists of (400) male and female students from AL-Mustansiriyah University from both specialization (scientific and humanistic) for the academic year (2019 - 2020) and about (177) students from scientific specialize and (223) from humanistic students and about (202) from male and (198) from female. And the research used (Al-Aajam 2017) scale adopted according to Lazarus theory, which consists of (23) position for (Measuring coping styles) and it's a Situational scale and each situation contain three Alternatives (addressing , assistance request and avoidance) , The alternatives to the answer are (3) alternatives, as the choice is based on the priority of use of the university student and the score of response where the score (1) for the third answer and the score (2) for the second answer and the score (3) for the first answer and thus the maximum score for each method in the scale (69) and the minimum score (23) with a hypothetical mean (46) score.

And the research results achieved the mostly used Style among university students is primarily in the Coping manner specifically in addressing different life situations and events followed by technique of assistance request and finally the form of avoidance Style.

It is intended by unemotional tough traits, lack of guilt, lack of emotional participation, lack of interest in performance and abuse of others in order to achieve some personal gain. The current research aims to identify the following: 1. The level of severe callous-Unemotional traits in adolescents, 2. The level of differences in callous-Unemotional traits Affective according to the gender variable (male / female), and in order to achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher has adopted the measure of severe callous-Unemotional traits prepared and developed by Paul J. Frick Paul J. Frick (2004), and the scale consisted in its final form of (22) paragraphs, after deleting two paragraphs in the procedures for building the scale, which was applied to an analytical sample of (400) adolescents, of (200) males and (200) females, Then the scale was applied to the application sample, which amounted to (200) adolescents, including (90) males and (110) females from middle school students in Baghdad governorate, by applying the electronic form. The research reached the following results: 1. The level of severe features Affective in adolescents does not rise to the level of statistical significance. 2. There are statistically significant differences in the level of callous-Unemotional traits features according to the gender variable (male/ female) and in favor of males, and the researcher came up with recommendations, including: - The need for the Ministry of Education to direct educators and workers in the educational corps to monitor children's behavior in school and cooperate with the family in Focusing on the behavior of their children, which helps in early diagnosis of behavioral problems, including severe, unemotional traits.

Researchers have increased interest in studying nature because it is the first, inspiring and manageable teacher from which man draws over time to solve any problem, so the designer is inspired by its symbols and elements mostly from nature and organizes those elements in light of the various and different elements that nature possesses because it is characterized by diversity, balance, proportion and symmetry. Nature has simulated human achievements over the ages and has led them to effective structures, tools, materials, mechanisms, processes, methods and systems.

In order to reach the basic building blocks of the research topic tagged "Decorative Decors between Crafts and Digital Design (CNC) in Interior Spaces", the research problem identified the lack of a complete vision among designers in employing digital technologies in harmony with the art of traditional handcraft in manufacturing decorative decors in interior space , And the research goal was to discover the differences between the features of handicraft and the advantages of digital manufacturing and ways of combining traditional techniques among handcraft craftsmen with the innovative digital techniques (CNC) in the interiors executed in the interior spaces. As well as defining the research boundaries, which were represented by the subject matter ranges according to the field of interior design within the buildings of the presidents of Iraqi universities in Baghdad, which were redesigned within the period (2014-2018). As for the theoretical framework, it included a study: Introduction to decorative and decorative designs between craft and digital design (CNC) in interior design. The research also included research procedures from adopting the descriptive approach and choosing the community consisting of public universities in the city of Baghdad, and how to elect the sample from it, as well as building the research tool and showing its validity and testing its stability by researchers and external analysts. After applying the tool to the selected models for the purpose of analysis, we have a set of results, the most important of which are: -

The decorative decorations implemented literally showed a human relationship through the craftsman's handling of the raw material and the resulting errors in implementation, whether intended or unintended, and the loss of this relationship in the digitally executed decorations where possible production.
The decorations executed were literally characterized by being non-repeatable artistic pieces, and if they were repeated, they will not be in the same shape 100%, which characterizes the literal work (uniqueness), with the ability to produce very large quantities of the executed designs with digital technology and with a 100% match.
After that, the research came out with several conclusions, and then a number of recommendations were put forward, as well as several research proposals complementing our current research as well as identifying the beneficiaries as fields of work that enable us to apply the applied outputs from our current research and thus, we have completed our current research and achieve the goal set for it.

Children's journalism occupies a large and important place in educating children and shaping their personalities and it is among the great cultural factors, because it contributes to guidance, information, education, entertainment, development of taste, formation of customs and traditions, and the transfer of values, principles and ideas to children.

Children’s journalism uses science, literature and arts and chooses what is appropriate with the perceptions of children to convey it after simplifying it to children, reinforced with pictures and drawings, and this cultivates their love of reading, develops their language, expands their information, and stimulates their imagination.

Children's literature transmits through the press a set of moral, social, human, scientific and national values, and instills them in children.

Faris Ismail Faris. The image of Iraqi political parties among the public and its relationship to their participation in the legislative elections. Research extracted from a PhD thesis, University of Baghdad, College of Mass Communication, Department of Radio and Television Journalism, 2020.

One of the most important influences observed by the researcher is the image that satellite channels create among the public about political parties and blocs and their impact on the behavior of voters in the elections, meaning that the relationship between individuals and the process of forming a political image, which pushes them to political participation, does not complete its set objectives without achieving the required response from them. Through the media, especially the news media, as news plays a major role in transmitting information about it to the recipients, and it is usually allocated extensive coverage to it through intended treatments for a number of its topics and events, which the contact person chooses according to the policy of the institution and those in charge of it, it was natural for the researcher to turn To its importance as a programmatic quality that deserves to be studied in order to understand its effects and capabilities in shaping the image of the public towards participation in the elections in light of the news frameworks theory, which has become influential in shaping images and changing behavior and practices.

This study aims to explore “what is the relationship of the image formed by satellite channels among the public with their participation in the legislative elections”, using the researcher in his study of the survey method, and the questionnaire form tool. The questionnaire questions included the characteristics of the sample and the nature of its exposure to news bulletins, as well as the image formed among the public, and the research reached Several results can be summarized as follows:

The researcher found that all respondents are exposed to news bulletins, but their viewing patterns are different, and the majority of them answered (I watch them daily). The researcher concludes from this that the traditional means are appreciated and interested by some respondents, as they are keen to follow the news through their favorite channels in order to be reassured of the validity of the information. They are drawn from the daily events and issues, and this indicates that most of the study sample are keen to regularly follow the news releases on Iraqi satellite channels.
The researcher found that the majority of respondents prefer to watch Al-Sharqiya channel to follow news bulletins, and the researcher concludes that the public prefers to follow the news of political parties and blocs on Al-Sharqiya channel. For the parties and the government.
The researcher found that the majority of the respondents find that the image that satellite channels try to form about political parties and blocs is the "negative image", since this paragraph formed the largest percentage, and the reason for this is that the channels entrench the negative image in the minds of the public by conveying the news and framing it in negative frameworks. .
The researcher found that most of the respondents prefer not to participate in future elections by following up on private news, parties (candidates) and political blocs, as the percentage of the paragraph (I don’t know, no) has increased since these paragraphs formed the largest percentage, and the reason for this is the respondents ’lack of confidence in the parties. Participation in the elections, as well as the consolidation of negative images of the parties in the minds of the public, and thus their access to the belief that participation is useless.

The freedom and the existential engagement represent two essential notions in the mind of the writer Jean-Paul Sartre. It has been presented in a good and clear way by his philosophy or, in a clearer way, by his artworks. More specifically, the two plays of this author, The Flies and the dirty hands, are the mirror that reflects these twos existential notions.

These two plays are the perfect testimonies for the two important periods in the XXth century: before and after the Second World War. These two periods vary in so far, the human mind, politics and literature as are concerned. This variation has followed the historical and the political changes in the world in general and in France in particular.

Even if The Flies and the dirty hands are considered like two different existential dramas, but each one completes the other. The first drama evokes a human mind but, indirectly, another political one, whether the other play evokes the inverse. Oreste and Hugo, the two heroes of our study plays, are the superior heroes who try to save humanity of slavery and submission to injustice. Sartre and his audience place their hopes in these two heroes who search for the freedom through their existential engagement.

In the other hand, the female characters have played an affective role in the dramatic action in the two plays. By its freedom and its existential engagement, the female condition, according to Sartre's vision, searches for proving his human existence and revolting against the authority of the family, the society and the humanity.

This study aims at exploring and solving the main obstacles in
translating economic texts from Arabic
Metaphor is a key element of our article, which is known to
modern cognitive science as a general mental activity, as an order of
cognition, structuring and explanation of the world. The individual
does not convey his thoughts exclusively through metaphors, but he
also thinks in metaphors, organizing the world in which he lives
through metaphors.
The structure of the article includes a description of the
metaphor, its general features and models and its role in political
discourse, practical examples and a conclusion expressing our vision
in working on the problem. This is part of our master's thesis on the
analysis of political discourse.

During the 1990’s and the years of siege that followed, Iraqi women suffered from the oppression of the brutal misogynist regimes, and the cruel male-controlled ideals. Accordingly, through their suffering, these women portrayed the truth of being woman in a horrific atmosphere of war and how these traumatised women managed to survive. In her Nine parts of Desire, Heather Raffo presents the characters of nine different women of different ages and professions linking them to show the dreadful reality of being woman in the times of war. In this play, Raffo renovated the She-tragedy genre. Even though that this genre deals with weak frustrated women who suffer from the effect of the long lack of stability, years of internal violence, external occupation and their cumulative generational effects, yet Raffo’s characters are strong, confident and have a self-awareness and they stand face to face to the shocking values of war.

Anita Desai's Clear Light of Day (1980) is a partition novel which depicts the influence of the Partition between India and Pakistan on the unity of the Indian family. In 1947, India witnessed a civil war which led to partitioning it into two countries along religious lines. These events coincided with the end of the British rule in India. As a result of that, the Indian individual started questioning his real identity. During the period (1947-1970), India witnessed dramatic social, political, economic changes and transformations In her sixth novel Clear Light of Day, Anita Desai studies the impact of the Partition on the country and on the personal lives of the Indian individuals. The novel is precisely a depiction of family disintegration which parallels the disintegration of India under the Partition circumstances. The aim of the study is to investigate the influence of the Partition on the Indian families which survive the civil wars between the Hindus and the Muslims. Also the study tackles the role of women in the Indian society and the influence of the western principles on them.

Judith Wright's (1915-2000) concern about man's disintegration with the natural world and the horror of the destruction of the earth reflects a high sense of ecological awareness caused by the threat of pollution that pervades the environment. Wright's ecopoetry draws attention to the danger of displacing oneself from the natural world that would also cause an inner alienation in man. The purpose of this paper is to explore Wright’s ecopoetical representation of the Australian ecology and its integral connection with Australia’s national unity. As the study examines Wright’s various volumes of poems, it argues that the lack of ecological awareness weakens the national and social fabric of Australia and deteriorates its environment. It also asserts that the poet’s ecopoetic quest for preserving the Australian ecology generates a new articulation of the Australian cultural identity and nationhood.