Journal Dawat

The researcher tackles the most remarkable non-preferred languages according the heritage of most Arabs. The researcher compiles them to 19 languages…
He states the most important aspects by means of which these languages are tackled. He also declares the value of these languages that are called sometimes as dialects. He shows in this research the relationships with and the effects of these languages upon Arabic dialects nowadays. The researcher mentions a lot of utterances and words that were borrowed from those languages. He discusses many significant cases in this concern. The researcher intends to depend on the philological references and the dialectal ones in order to be cognizant of all those languages’ aspects.

Numerous trends appeared in the 1970’s such as structuralism, destruction, and transformational generative grammar, as well as the aesthetic reception. The latter differs from one era to another according as the cultural level of this era and that. Accordingly, a different reading is assigned to each era, plentiful criteria relevant to the text come to be along with the extension of reception, the cultural conditions of the environment, the art flavor, and feeling aesthetics.
This problem aroused for its self-significance. It is an implicit active affective phenomenon text and reading is a new-fangled live process; text reproduction; and a critic of critic by means of digging deep to the text further depth, finding cohesion and harmony between thinking and its compassion as well as the occasion; environment, the historical effect; and so forth. The receiver might be in a higher level in comparison to the text itself. The outline of this research took place in accordance with its title, The Standard Poetry and the Problem of Reception, flanking the appearance of the duo of the standard poetry and the slang one, or the literary model and the colloquial one depending on the standard dialect and slang ones, in conjunction with the struggle between language and dialect. Subsequently, the questionable threesome parts of the research popped up in line with these duets as introductions and their produced reception. The research would start with a first chapter under the chapter The standard Language and the dialect which is an interface to the third chapter which is Arabic Poetry between Standard and Slang, both chapters are split with chapter II which is about The Modern Poetry Exiled, and the Extent to which Public Is Affected by the Prosody and the Poetical way which the Poet Uses. Receiving and criticizing the poetic text is an aesthetic characteristic added to the elegance of the text itself. However, as long as creativeness is present within the text, frequent readings have had continuously innovated gorgeousness through which one can figure out much more exquisiteness. in literature to improve products, the level of its reception throughout readership and artistic flavor. For this reason, the reader itself be in a harmony with the text via several questions which the critic arouses about the text. Thus, there comes out a multiple answer according to the literary output. The availability of this duet,

This research tackles the dramatic structure in Dramatic structure in the poetry of Salih Jawaad Al-Tu’ma, an Iraqi poet, as this aspect has a significant and obvious role in his poetry. So, the two researchers embark upon the research’s components by dividing them to topics in order to make it easy for reading and following up. Consequently, the research’s material is divided into an introduction about the poet’s biography, the notion of drama in the framework of literature, and two more subresearches, the first one is considering struggle and its effect on dramatic structure, the second one however deals with its relationship to the dramatic structure.

This research sheds light on linguistic; lexical; scientific; and operative exchange process directly in connection with a case whose framework is bigger, effect is deeper, and significance is further which is the case of the Arabic culture, its originality, and development. The movement of translation forms the essence of this case. The right start point from which one can sets out to study the extent of the originality of Arabic culture and its development is to have a look on the civilized relations between Arabs and other neighbor nations during the time at which sciences came into view as well as viewing the important role of translation in the process of establishing these sciences. In studying the civilized relations it is not proper to pay attention only to social, economic, and political aspects on the account of the cultural aspect. It is also not appropriate to neglect the above-mentioned aspect and satisfying by the dependence on the cultural relations. These aspects get together forming a perfectness that reflects a clear, and precise idea about the nature of the civilized contact between Arabs and others and its extension.
Consequently, this would help in analyzing the necessary resulted consequences which is a matter of fact that different culture contact with each other through different channels, the most of which are human communication among their individuals, the transfer of one nation’s cultural tradition or rituals to another culture or society. So, the researcher of any culture’s history finds it got affected by other cultures or that it affected other ones. Hence, our research would go step by step in the light of this outline and Allah (praise be to Him) may assist us to reach this goal.

This research focuses on the rich scientific and literary tradition that were produced by the Fatimid Caliphate. It also takes to account what Arabic scholars and orientalists searched closely and published about this tradition. although it is not that abundant, this tradition involves value in revealing a lot of resources about the Fatimid literature, the history of this state that governed broad areas in the Arabic homeland from the fourth century of hegira to the midst sixth century of hegira. This state had unforgettably contributions in enriching the Arabic and Islamic libraries by uncountable books and encyclopedias in different disciplines.
Then the research would tackle the sabotage that the Ayyubid state did for purely sectarian motives, the thing that led to losing so many cultural and educative invaluable resources of the Fatimid state. This matter was a great scholar loss whose restitution regrettably has not been possible.

The communicative theory upon which this paper depends to introspect the The Alawyan discursive effect on the Kufi socity (that is historically far from our current time) could undoubtedly specify that Imam Ali (Peace be upon Him) was successful in making Kufa being subject to his creed by means of His assiduous efforts to keep contact with its life based on reciprocation, preaching, and pulpit. Moreover, Kufa as a result to this discourse was converted to be an ensign face to face with every a dictator power trying to divide and conquer this society. It was fond of this discourse to the extent that made it a pure Alawyan fort. Once again, the research points at the importance of communication through reading the effect of the Alawyan on the Kufi society, revealing the semantic and textual significance of this discourse within a communicative context. It also explain how this discourse was able to unify different ideologies in one ideology successfully under the leadership of Imam Ali.

The semantic study of an utterance leads to understanding meanings that have been assigned to it. An utterance is rich with knowledgeable senses. The cover for its linguistic and knowledgeable concept is the significance, so, each significance or impact within this sense is referred to as speech. In dictionary, speech is tantamount to an utterance that is efficient by itself or the wound and its left spot. For linguists; hermeneutists; and philosophers, speech whether human or divine is what heard and comprehended, or it is each discursive means that depends on signs and symbols that signify linguistic surface structures or linguistic deep ones whom are represented by tongue, any other outer senses such as touch, smell, or inner senses such as the common sense as well as artificial signs i.e. traffic signals and so forth. The intention of speech whether human or divine is to signify and inform the addressee about something. However, the divine discourse is different from the human one as Allah (praise be to Him) has no organs as nothing looks like Him. Anyways, grammarians define speech as “the useful structured utterances whose use is the one that is better to stop declaring after according to the Arabic word order system. In Quran however, the significance of speech get extended to contain each effect, declaration, assertion, or statement. So, speech: means the Holy Quran, any utterance, say, judgment, or even what is outside the material world such as the formative world kun = be and its effect and in mysticism. All what is in the existence is Allah’s speech but not just letters and sounds. Each effect is speech and word. The first word in the existence is the great Godly word. It is the first created thing out of which existence came out. Its effect is to give existence, knowledge, and perfectness to nonentity. In other words, its effect is anthological, clued-up, and ideal

If the theory of reception theory tackles the way through which a reader receives a text differently according to the two trends of Yaws and Izer, the theory of interpretation tackles the way through which a reader interprets a text. So, the difference would not be that much, specially that reception pioneers do not conceal their interpretive references. All of what the do is to praise readers may be on the account of the text itself. The theory of reception has been established on the base of a set of concepts that try to answer the question that have been aroused by the theory in question. By integrating Yaws’s concepts to Izers’s ones one can conclude the following:
The horizon of anticipation, the historicism of literature, text-blanks, infiniteness locations, implicit reader, aesthetic space, mobile viewpoint, the text’s reservoir, the socialism of literature, the logic of question and answer, etc…we will tackle all of the above-mentioned concepts. They are to be defined in terms of their coiners going towards the conclusion which claims that reception is not a new methodology in reading but an addition to the interpretive effort that started first when human being read texts and got involved in interpreting it.

The research drives at probing the effect of fishbowl strategy in achieving Arabic grammar for the students of the tenth grade’s students of high school, the scientific branch. The researcher depends on the experimental design of the partial adjustment, a design of adjuster set whose experience is solely a following-step-experiment.
The researcher chose 52 students of the students of the tenth grade of high school, the scientific branch, Al-Waaritheen High School that belonged to the district office of Third Risaafa. Those students were distributed arbitrarily into two groups. The experimental group included 26 students, the adjuster group had 26 ones as well.
The researcher taught the experimental group using the strategy of fishbowl. On the other hand, he taught the adjuster group following the traditional strategy. He balances between the two groups considering (age, parents’ education, testing previous reservoir of information regarding Arabic grammar, and IQ test.
The researcher formulated 100 behavioral goals relevant to Arabic grammar that was supposed to be the syllabus for the students of the tenth grade of high school, the scientific branch. This syllabus contains 7 topics. He prepared typical scholastic plans for each topic specified for the experiment.
To measure the survey’s two groups’ acquisition in the seven topics, the researcher prepared a subjective acquisition test. This test contained 40 items of the multiple questions type. He verified the validity and verified the validity, constancy, the discriminatory power of its items, the difficulty factor, the effectiveness (or validation) of its wrong alternatives.
The outcomes showed a difference of a statistical indication at the level of the marker (0.05) between the students of the two survey’s groups and for the benefit of the experimental group that has been taught by using the fishbowl strategy. Ultimately, the research came at some results and presented some recommendations.

This research sheds light upon the importance of collective learning and the importance of focusing on the methods that lead to making the learner as being the focal point around which the educational process rotate. It also works through the spirit of the community to put different projects to implement as this matter is important in creating thoughts, information, and experience. Pedagogical goals get attainable, more beneficial, and more accurate as long as teaching methods were suitable to educational situation, proper to students’ dispositions, abilities, inclinations, and talents. Moreover, individual learning that comes from practice should be taken care of as collective learning is personal experience that enable students to accomplish work by themselves as they are to be exposed to a set of collective situations that prompts them and makes them be willing to learn. Breeders have to put knowledge at the hand of students in the form of textbooks, tuitions, games, and cooperative activities as mutual learning has a great effect upon students memories. It embeds knowledgeable material in their minds. We can entitle it as an active learning as it encourages students, hearten them to argue, participate in performance, and think, the thing that put an individual in a questionable and argumentative situation. This by turn makes it retrieve its thoughts, data, and discuss hard topics with its classmates. Allah praise be to Him wherefrom success comes.

The present paper addresses the issue of persuasive techniques used in both English and Arabic religious sermons. The study aims to identify the persuasive techniques adopted in the selected sermons from both languages showing how these techniques are really devoted to persuade the audience. Additionally, it tries to pinpoint the points of distinction concerning the persuasive techniques we have in the two elected sermons.
To achieve the aims above, it is hypothesized that both English and Arabic religious sermons witness the presence of persuasive techniques which appeal the audience’s emotions and then make them alter their attitude or behaviour. Moreover, it is hypothesized that though most persuasive techniques in English sermon are similar to those we find in the Arabic one, some differences are available between the two. The two researchers intend to select Alwaely’s sermon entitled (AL jihad and Immigration) as a sample of the Arabic sermon and Tillich’s sermon (You Are Accepted) as a sample for the English one. After examining the corpus, the researchers have found out that though most persuasive techniques are present in both sermons, still some points of difference are available between the two.