NTU Journal of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences

Toxoplasmosis is one of the most important parasitic diseases spread all the world. It is caused by the Toxoplasma gondii parasite that infects mammals such as humans and animals that are intermediate hosts for this parasite. In this study,about 25 placental samples were collected from aborted women infected with Toxoplasmosis, From Al-Salam Teaching Hospital i Mosul city examaind microscopally, molecular and serological methods were used to diagnoses the infection in each sample .The results of this study recorded an infection rate of 100% in all placenta samples that were examined microscopically, The results of the molecular detection by convential polymerase chain reaction of the placenta samples, showed that the infection rate was 48% (12 samples out of 25), and following the data from infected women, it was noted that the age group (21-30) years was the most group has been infected. The results showed a closeness of 100% to the chain of nitrogenous bases of the isolates that were recorded during this study, the alignment analysis showed a 100% relationship with each of the Iranian isolates MK507731, the Mexican KX270373, the Egyptian OP991839 and the Saudi LN714499, and a number of isolates registered in Iraq.

Our study aimed to determine the histological and histochemical composition of the tongue of both ducks (Anas Platyrhynchos) and geese (Anserini). Our histological study showed that the mucous membrane covering the tongue in local ducks and geese consists of a multi-layered epithelium covering the lamina propria, which differs in the degree of keratinization according to its location in the tongue, and that the thickness of the epithelium of the dorsal surface of the tongue gradually decreases from the front towards the root, while the epithelium increases in thickness towards the root. The ossified epithelium is located at the top and beginning of the body of the tongue, forming what is known as the nail of the tongue in both ducks and geese. The small and large conical papillae in various parts of the tongue, as well as the filiform papillae, are covered with erosive ossified epithelium

Food and water are increasingly contaminated with heavy metals due to environmental pollution. Zinc is a heavy metal that is harmful to humans and is present in soil, water, air, and food, especially milk. Ninety samples of cow's milk from different areas exposed to pollution within the borders of Nineveh Governorate were collected . The areas were divided into three ; viz. industrial facilities, high traffic and intensive agricultural activities. The current study aimed at investigating the contamination of cow's milk samples collected from the previously mentioned study areas with some types of heavy metals such as zinc by measuring their concentrations and comparing them with the permissible limits, which were determined by the Food Organization and the World health Organization. Then, the study evaluated the ability of some genus lactic of acid bacteria to reduce the concentrations of these minerals in the milk samples. For this purpose, a commercial and local isolation was used that contained various types such as (Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus acidophilus).

The study aimed to extract the gum of basil seeds and estimate its content of sugars and phenolic and active compounds, and then study the effect of its addition on the chemical and physical properties of curd made from whole milk (3 fat). gum on ( D - Xylose, L-Arabinose, D-Glucose, D - Galactose, and D-Manose )by percentages of 10.75, 10.71, 10.03, 7.56, and 2.82%, respectively. The results of the infrared spectrum analysis (FTIR) of the basil seed gum showed that it contained hydroxyl groups OH, the amine group - carbonyl groups C-HR and aldehyde groups CO, while the results of the diagnosis of phenolic compounds showed that the gum of basil seeds contains compounds Catechine, Chorogenic acid, Rutin, Gallic acid, Quercetin, and Ferulic acid Apigenin with percentages of 23.22, 18.24, 18.22, 17.98, 16.5, 13.04 and 11.42%, respectively, and the addition of basil seed gum to the curd improved its properties as it decreased the pH values, moisture and whey separation while there was an increase in viscosity3 introductory words: basil seed gum, phenolic compounds, curd, monosaccharides in basil seed gum, FTIR-Spectro scopy.

The current study has examined the knowledge of sustainable waste management practice in Ilorin, Nigeria. One hundred participants were randomly selected for this study. The data was analyzed using frequency count, percentage, mean and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). The result showed that the average age of the respondents was 34.2 years. In addition, the study found that the participants' knowledg of the statement "Burning of waste materials pollute the air" was the highest ranked knowledge statement on sustainable waste management practices (x?= 2.57). Information on how to convert decompose waste into manure was the highest ranked information needs on sustainable waste management practices (x?= 2.45, P =0.001). There is a significant relationship between information needs and knowledge on sustainable waste management practices (r = 0.394,) at 1% level of significance. The study therefore has recommended that there should be a creation of public awareness on sustainable waste management practices and that every household should adhere to all the sanitation and environmental laws.

The ICT-readiness of extension agents involves assessing their familiarity, skills, availability. access and usage of technology tools that can enhance extension service deliveries. This study assessed the ICTs-Readiness of agricultural extension agents in Kwara State, Nigeria. One hundred and five Agricultural extension workers were randomly selected for the study. Description statistics such as frequency count, percentage and mean were used for the study. The result revealed that about 64.8% of the respondents had low level of usage of ICTs/Digital devices. About 86.7% of the extension agents were somewhat ready for the use of ICTs/digital devices for agricultural extension services. This study therefore recommends that there should be continuous training of extension agents on the various digital devices so as to enhance extension services deliveries to the farmers in the study area.

The field study was conducted during the agricultural season 2022-2023 in three locations. The first is the apiary of the College of Agriculture and Forestry, in which the bee sects were feeding and resting on the natural wild plants and bushes present in the apiary and the surrounding areas. The second location was in one of the agricultural fields in the Rashidieh area, in which it was planted. Seeds of the bee bread plant Borago officinalis at a rate of one dunam. The third site was in one of the agricultural fields of the Al-Mazra'i neighborhood of Nineveh Governorate, in which rapeseed Brassica napus was planted, at a rate of one dunam as well.

The results of the study showed that the treatment of bee bread (the second site) on 1/10 was superior in recording the highest bee density, worker brood, pollen grain area and mature honey area, which was positively reflected in the amount of honey produced, with averages of 17.66 bees, 785.66 inches2, 302.17 inches2, and 803 inches. 33 inches2 and 9.08 kg / colony, respectively, and the treatment of rapeseed plants (the third site) recorded satisfactory and good results in which it outperformed the comparison treatment with averages of 14.42 bees, 596.66 inches2, 257.66 inches2, 760.33 inches2, and 7. 63 kg / colony, respectively, while this percentage decreased in the comparison treatment (first site) on 11/11, which recorded the lowest averages of 5.17 bees, 341.33 inches2, 40.66 inches2, 118.33 inches2, and 2.54 kg. Respectively, the results confirmed the necessity of cultivating bee bread and rapeseed plants to provide beds and a good pasture of nectar and pollen through which bee colonies can cross the winter stage and obtain high bee density and good storage of honey and pollen.

A field experiment was conducted In the winter season for the Rashidieh (1) site for local variety s Peas Pisum sativum L. (2021-2022) using two factors, The first factor is distances which (25,50,75), The second factor is pesticide concentrations which (750, 1,500 and 3,000 ml/ha) in addition to comparator control , Plants were randomly selected with three previous applications. the seeds of the local cultivar the data
was analyzed according to the factorial experiments system using R.C.B.D significantly different treatments were distinguished with different letters .The most important results can be summarized as follow : From, the effect table of the three planting distances 25, 50 and 75 cm,
it was found that there were no differences in the number of airy and thin leaves, leaves and their weight, and yield characteristics. Jungle eradication, As for the weight of the pod, seed yield and dry weight, it was found that the control treatment gave the least results, and the reason may be due to the strength of competition that occurs between the crop and its accompanying weeds in the field. control gave the highest number of broad and thin bushes and their dry weights in the three distances. As for plant height and pod length characteristic, there were no significant differences.

The results of a study of the effect of olive cultivars in Kowal, Nepali, Khastawi, and Syria, and tree orientation, on the seasonal activity of the olive leaf fly, Dasineura oleae, showed that the infection appeared at the end of February 2022 in the form of swellings on young and tender leaves. The highest average infection was on 28/2 and reached 8.78 swellings / 10 leaves, while the lowest average infection was 1.62 swellings / 10 leaves. The Bakwal verity was the most sensitive cultivar to infestation with the olive leaf fly, with an average infection rate of 8.08 swellings / 10 leaves, followed by the Nepali verity with 4.98 swellings / 10 leaves, and Al Khastawi with 3.98 swellings / 10 leaves .While the Syrian variety was the most resistant variety, with an average of 2.58 swellings / 10 leaves, and the results showed that the eastern side was the preferred side for the insect, with an average infestation of 8.15 swellings / 10 leaves, followed by the southern side, 5.00 swellings / 10 leaves, the northern side 3.88, and finally the western side, 2.58 swellings / 10 leaves. The results of the correlation values ??were positive and significant between temperature and insect infestation positive and significant correlation between temperature and insect infestation for Bakool, Nepali and Syrian verities, negative and significant with the Khastawi verity, and negative and significant between the relative humidity and the same verities and positive and significant with the Khastawi verity.

The results of using yellow traps in catching the adults of tobacco whitefly showed a difference in the numbers caught because of the different crops in which they are found. Where the traps between eggplant plants were better in catching larger numbers of Adults than those placed between the tomato and pepper plants, and the traps placed between the lines of the tomato plant were better than their counterparts between the pepper plants. The averages were 4.17, 5.28 and 2.54 Adult /cm2 respectively . Adults numbers of tobacco whitefly also decreased with the use of paclobetrazole and salicylic acid, to reach reduction rates of 26.30 and 23.59%, respectively.