JOURNAL OF MADENAT ALELEM COLLEGE

This paper presents hiding the text or image (secret information) inside other image (cover image) based on Least Significant Bits (LSB). The position of characters in original secret text and the position of pixels in original secret image have been changed by Duffing map (random number generator). The fundamental idea is to insert the secret message ( text, gray image and color image) in the least significant bits of the cover image (gray or color image). This actually works because the Human Visual System (HVS) is not sensitive enough to pick out changes in color. The experiments and comparative studies show that the algorithms are characterized by many features of the ability of hiding huge data, and then the ability of extracting secret message without errors. Beside the return image, has efficacies (to human acquaintance) according to peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and mean square error (MSE), also retain both the explicitness and the characteristics of the both secret message and cover image.

In present study, an accurate foot drop prosthesis device is presented. The design of the proposed system depends on electrical stimulation generated by electronic stimulator within specific requirements. This train of pulses that delivered to the targeted group of muscles innervate by pearonal nerve, using adhesive surface electrodes, has effective voltage amplitude, duration and frequency to stimulate these muscles to lift the dropped foot of the ground effectively during the swing phase of the gait cycle. The operation begins when the patient start to walk, so starting of the swing phase will be sensed using pressure sensor located under the heel of the patient’s dropped foot. In this case, the electronic stimulator will be activated by the pressure sensor to start sending the stimuli that activate the muscles to lift the dropped foot causing the gate to be balanced and normal. Results shows that the output wave form of the stimulator is biphasic type pulse wave of net charge close to zero, with maximum voltage amplitude of 90V, frequency of 62Hz, and duration of 600ms.The current delivered to the muscles will be dependent on the tissue impedance and the voltage assigned for stimulation. This output pulses will be comfortable to the patient and cause accurate effective stimulation to the targeted group of muscles, leads to cancel the effect of dropped foot.

In present study, analysis of magnetic field was studied in the state of non Newtonian fluid of second order flows and heat transfer in micro channel between two parallel plates, introduced. The equations are used to describe the flow are the motion and the energy equations. It found that these equations are controlled by many dimensionless numbers such as Reynolds number (Re), magnetic field parameter (M), physical quantity at wall (W), Knudsen number (Kn), Peclet number (Pe), Brinkman number (Br) and the material of fluid ( . The homotopy analysis method (HAM) is used to obtain the analytic solution for the velocity and heat transfer, the effect of each dimensionless parameters upon the velocity and heat distribution is analyzed and shown graphically by using MATLAB package.

Lichen is a Symbiotic system consist of nitrogen fixing Cyanobacteria or and algae and fungus. Cyanobacteria can fix nitrogen in a peculiar differentiated cells called heterocyst under aerobic conditions, those heterocyst are the loci of nitrogenase activity. The organic nitrogen and carbohydrates produced by cyanobacteria utilized by fungi and the fungus supplying the cyanobacteria and algae by inorganic metals coming from dissolved rocks by acids produced by fungi. Culture of Nostocspp treated with MOS excreted, the newly fixed nitrogen in form of ammonia into liquid media, which is proportions with the concentration of the analog and detected after 6 h of treatment. Acetylene reduction technique (nitrogenase activity) was not affected by analog (MSO) treatment. The growth of Cyanobacteria Nostocspp was slightly inhibited starting after 6 h of treatment. The rates of carbon fixation were highly enhanced after treatment leading to increase the number of (PGBS) in the Cyanobacteria cells. The combination treatment of Nostocspp culture by MSO and DCMU showed the following: carbon and nitrogen fixation are dependent of each other, slight inhibitions in culture growth, 50% inhibition in ammonia release, complete inhibition of carbon fixation and disappeared of extra PGB. Light intensities and carbon fixation are dependent even in the presence of MSO. The cultivation of Nostocspp culture under Ar/O2/CO2 in presence of MSO gives reverse relationship between the cellular incorporated carbon and time. Electron micrograph showed an increase in PGBs of the lichen P. conina treated with MSO through the first hour of treatment and then disappeared after 24 h.

This study was carried out in the laboratories of Fish and Animal Resource Center/Agricultural Researchers Directorate/Technology and Science Ministry to study the excretion of some digestible enzymes for amylase and protease under the effected the of heat treatments and substitute ratio forGrass Pea Seeds Lathyrus sativa (GPS) in common carp Cyprinus carpio L. diets. The experiments of nutrition and digestion were done for 80 days using three different treatments for GPS, roasting, autoclave and cooking. Formulated 13 experimental diets were done as the following diets 1, 2 and 3 used GPS without treatment at ratio 8.25%, 16.75% and 25% from total diet and substitute ratio 33%, 66% and 100% from Soy Bean Meal (SBM), the diets 4, 5 and 6 used roasted GPS at the same ratio and substitute as above. The diets 7, 8 and 9 used cooked GPS at the same ratio and substitute as above and diet 13 for control without GPS. There is a significant difference of digestive enzyme in all studied parts of digestive tract, between after 5-days and 80-days feeding. The activities were (0.45, 0.544, 0.454, 0.454, 0.455 U/M) for amylase and (1.47, 1.49, 1.49, 1.46 and 1.46 U/M) for protease, respectively. The activities of above enzyme after 80 – days feeding trial revealed no significant differences between types of all treatments and the control diets.

The current research studied properties of anatomical parts vegetative (root, scape, leaf) for the two types of genus Allium L. cultured in Iraq, represented by two species Allium cepa L., Allium sativus L. This research was studied the surface skin of the leaf, which has been measuring the dimensions of its cells as well as guard cells, form of stomata, stomatal index and the thickness of mesophyll and blade and other properties such as number of rows of sclerenchyma cells parenchyma cells, the number of rows and units of xylem, thickness of the cortex, diameter of the vascular cylinder, total diameter of root and arms of xylem, thickness of mesophyll and thickness of the blade. The research was showed that there is a clear contrast in the properties above and this helped distinction between the two types under study anatomically noting the importance of the anatomical characteristics.

The present study aims to study the histological structure of oesophagus in white breasted kingfisher (Halcyonsmyrnensis). The result showed that the oesophagus wall consisted of only three tunica represented by mucosa, muscularis and adventitia or serosa, the tunica sub mucosa was absent. The tunica mucosa composed of two layers represented by lining epithelium and lamina propria because the muscularis mucosae were absent. The lining epithelium consisted of non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, the lamina propria composed of fibrous connective tissue. The oesophageal glands were simple tubular type and arranged along the oesophagus. Tunica muscularis consisted of two layers inner thin longitudinal and outer thicker circular, these layers separated by fibrous connective tissue. The oesophagus surrounded by the tunica adventitia at anterior part (Cervical), and by the tunica serosa at the posterior part (Thoracic).

The aim of the present study is to determine the anatomical and histological structure of the eye in lizard Hemidactylus flaviviridis (House gecko). The results show that eye located dorsolateral in the head and spherical, with elongated oval pupil. Histologically, it is composed of eyeball, lens and optic nerve. It is lack eyelid thus it was covered by external Tertiary spectacles. The eyeball appeared surrounded by three tunical they are from the inside to the outside tunica interna, tunica media, tunica fibrosa. The tunica interna consist of the retina,and the retina composed of eight layers and two membranes are from outer to inner, the pigment epithelial layer, photoreceptor layer (rods and cones layer), this layer showed one type of cones and two types of rods that were the single, double rods. External limiting membrane, outer nuclear layer, outerplexiform layer, inner nuclear layer, inner plexiform layer, ganglion cell layer, nerve fibers layer, internal limiting membrane, one dorsal central fovea also appeared in retina. The tunica middle composed from choroid, ciliary body, iris, the ciliary body appeared with ciliary processes and unbranched, while the iris appeared hierarchical or triangular. The fibrous tunica consists of sclera which supported by hyaline cartilage in the hemisphere rear eye. The anterior part of the tunica formed cornea which divided in to central cornea and peripheral cornea. Key words: Eyeball, Retina, Photoreceptor, Lizard (House Gecko)

The morphological description and histological structure of Kidney in Iraqi black partridge Francolinus francolinus have been investigated. Results of morphological description declared that Iraqi black partridge have pair of elongated large solid kidneys which are situated symmetrically on both sides of vertebral column in a bony depression called renal fossa within the synsacrum. Each kidney consist of three lobes represented by cranial, middle and caudal lobes, the surface of three lobes of kidney was containing small depressions in Francolinus francolinus and the kidney covered by capsule of connective tissue. For each kidney in Francolinus francolinus has ureter originated from the posterior end of cranial lobe and extend on the ventral surface of middle and caudal lobes and opened at urodeum within the cloaca. Microscopical examination showed that the basic unit of kidney in Iraqi black partridge represented by lobules which have oval shaped and each of them consist of cortex and medulla, and the cortex occupies more area than that of medulla. Histological study showed that the glomeruli in Iraqi black partridge represented by relatively small spherical structure and each glomerulus has vascular and urinary poles and the glomeruli distributed randomly within the kidney tissue and they are concentrated near the medulla and each glomerulus covered by capsule called Bowman's capsule. The results of present study showed that the tubules of kidney represented by proximal convoluted tubules, distal convoluted tubules, loops of Henle's in addition to the collecting tubules which lead to collecting ducts. The lining of kidney tubules represented by simple cuboidal epithelium with brush border in proximal convoluted tubules while the lining of distal convoluted tubules were represented by simple cuboidal epithelium without brush border in free surface of cells. The lining of thick and thin segments of Henle's loop were represented by simple cuboidal epithelium appeared Low cuboidal in thin segment. The collecting tubules have lining ranged from simple cuboidal to low columnar while it was simple columnar in collecting ducts.The results of the present study showed that the ureter walls consist of three layer represented by internal layer of ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium, the middle layer which is the muscular layer and the external layer of loose connective tissue. The lumen of ureter appeared irregular in Francolinus francolinus.

This study included measurement and calculates the concentrations of radioactive isotopes (238U, 232 Th and 40K) and the radiation doses in Thiqar governorate (Nasiriyah, Shatrah, Suq Chabaish, Rifai) has been conducting this research by radiological survey system (GR-460) that it has high efficiency in detection. This system consist from two large sodium iodide detectors Nal (TI) the size of each of them (256 inch3) associated with data analysis unit that associated with computer to display and store the results, this computer have analysis program (GR-660), which has the ability to determine the dose rate and the concentrations of radioactive isotopes (uranium - thorium - potassium) in soil. The concentrations of radioactive isotopes subject of research and doses radiation were within the permitted nature limits. The radiation dose to sites that surveyed: (Nasiriyah Center 6.79 μR/h, Shatrah 7.2 μR/h, Suq Chabaish 6.41μR/h, Rifai 6.6μR/h and the average dose rate for the whole Thiqar governorate was 6.8 μR/h), the concentrations of radioactive isotopes (238U, 232 Th, and40 k) to across the governorate as follows: (uranium-238 2.7 ppm, thorium -232 5.6 ppm and for potassium- 40 14111).

The importance of searching in the procedures for imposing tunable penalty is clear in that the administration is committed to give the employee an essential guarantee in following justice procedures in the inquiry. this justice realized from that the administration is obliged to follow and observe some procedures precedes the decision of imposing the tunable penalty or it becomes illegal. The tunable investigation as a procedure must be followed by the administration is considered a guarantee for the employee and a tool to get the reality of Incidents alleged against him. Also, the investigation will not be only after the of the employee accused of an offense to an investigation committee to investigate with him and must follow all the formality procedures legally obliged.to ensure that the law of the discipline of civil servants and public sector provision eliminates the need to compel the minister or head of the department as a formality formation of an investigative committee to look violation attributed to the employee without leaving them a choice between the formation of the investigative or interrogation in penalties (to draw attention, warning, cut salary), but the composition of the investigative committee was bond on the administrative head of all disciplinary sanctions to ensure the fairness of the disciplinary accountability.

All the States prevent chemical weapons. The subject of chemical weapons take human and moral dimension is connecting with how we can application standard of International Rules, Human and environmental rights?. That is depend on meaning these weapons showed us it. The extent of the suffering resulting from it and continuing for a long time. At last time we need really to effectives ways to combating like these Weapons.

Achieving customer satisfaction is the most important key success factors in the economic units, as it sums up all the competitiveness of priorities on which they depend units in the face of its competitors in the domestic and global markets, due to changes in the business environment and of the intensity of competition, and changes in the tastes of customers and technological development, should be the economic units to go about the application of the concepts that lead to customer satisfaction, when what has been achieved, customer satisfaction, this means that economic units will achieve all its goals. Research gained importance of relying on the application of the concept of fitness for use of the customer's point of view, through a proposed program helps economic units to access suitability to achieve customer satisfaction and thus be able to increase its market share, and sales growth, and achieve their goals.

The laser carbon dioxide CO2 is one of the most important in medicine, particularly in the overlap for surgical owned because of the unique characteristics of higher long wavelength 10.6 m (that is, it has a high thermal energy, as well as that of the high water absorption viability of this wavelength). In this study CO2 laser was used to study the threshold limit, depth of penetration and thermal effects, as well as the absorption coefficient calculation. Laser pulse (Pw Mode) carbon dioxide of power (5-20) watt of different frequencies (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) Hz was used to study the depth of penetration laser beam to the tissue. Penetration depth measured note that at increase the power increase the depth of penetration for all frequenciesas well as the depth of penetration is increasing at the same power by increasing the frequency. There is no difference in the thermal effects lasers at power (1, 1.5) watt at frequency (5, 10, 20, 30) Hz. While at power more than 1.5 wattclearly shows the impact of lasers at the tissue.We find that the impact of laser beam in the tissue is burned in the textile as itseems Note edge of tissue, which appear blackening which represents the carbon from the combustion backward as well as changing the color of the fabric.

The research aims to study the impact of information technology in the banking performance through clearance of hardware and equipment, software, networking, database, and the skills of individuals and the banking performance deportation, the financial dimension, and after the customers, after internal processes, after learning and growth, and the social dimension, has concluded the study to the existence of the role of information technology in improving banking performance, and it was the most important recommendations of the work on the use of information technology more widely and rely on e-business so as to ensure speed and quality in the provision of banking services to the customer, and the training of some of the workers in the banks on the required banking software setup, and the introduction of managers in senior management courses needed to acquire the experience and skills sufficient to deal with information technology, and the emphasis on the application of the system (camels private) evaluates the banks, and the practice of bank insurance activities, and activate the work-site interactive, and support cultural, scientific and social activities as part of the activities that serve the community.