Journal Dawat

The current research concerns about studying Poetry Witness Of Sibouwayah in The Book ( Al-Muhkam Wal Muheet Al-Adham) for Ibn Saydeh (Died On 458A.H) / Documentary Study, the aim of the research is to discover the method of Ibn Saydeh in dealing with his dictionary with poetry Sibouwayah’s witnesses, and the extent of coincidences of the environment of these witnesses in his book (Almuhkam) with their environments in Sibouwayah’s book, with the showing of the validity of transferring these witnesses, and the effect of Arabian dictionaries that precede it in that way, we have found that his way is distinct in this field, we picked his book of (Almuhkam) due to the obviousness of his character in his book, the depth of its effect compared with his first book of ( Almukhasas ) and the position of the book ( Almuhkam ) in the dictionary lesson, whereas it is one of the five origins from which Ibn Manthoor has quoted his big dictionary ( Lisan of Al-Arab).

This research works to monitor the phenomena of choice that occurs in the rhyme in the poetry of Abu al-Tayyib al-Mutanabi. It also studies the effect of this rhyme on shaping the syntactic and semantic structure، giving it a general stylistic characteristic that distinguishes that literary work. There is no doubt that this studied phrasing effect، which is located in the rhyme، is combined with other phenomena of synthesis، which are affected by the amendment، and it archives special features with them. These features are a stylistic indicator in the construction of the text in general، or in the construction of a specific part of it. However، this research preferred to delve into the ends of the verses because they have unique phenomena that deserve to be examined separately. It also aims at revealing its impact and its structural stylistic peculiarity when its creator.
Obvious structural phenomena were observed by the intersection of the substitution axis located in the rhyme with the axis of the composition affected by a rearrangement or change. I discussed these phenomena and referred to their presence، as it is a strategy on which Abu al-Tayyib relies a great deal and exaggeratedly practicing it. To have their effect on the potential recipient، these phenomena are: (contrast)، verbal proportionality، and synthetic weirdness.

This research presents patterns of cultural criticism centered in the speech of the poet Deek Al-Jin Al-Homsi، revealing them and clarifying their implicit significance. Through reading the poet’s book، it was reached and identified in two forms: the first is political، which stems from the injustice and corruption of the authority and is known as (the political system)، and the second is social، including what was general stemming from the social phenomena at that time and what was specific to the poet himself and his relationship with those around him، known as (the social system social).

Religious texts have had a great impact on aspects of life. It was natural for this influence to include literature as well. Hardly a diwan of modern poetry is devoid of quoted religious references or symbols، through which the poet transmits some of the contemporary contents dealt with in some of his/her poems. Nazik Almalayika was considered one of the pioneer poets of her generation who used religious signs and symbols with full awareness and mastered them clearly. This is because، on the one hand، these signs possess symbolic charges and، on the other hand، they embody an aspect of collective culture. Also، discussing religious symbols in her poems leads us to talk about the resources and sources from which the poetess inspired these symbols. Most of them go back to the Islamic religion and Quranic stories. It is not exaggerated when saying that Nazik Almalayika was one of the most poets who focused on their inner life، with the high sensitivity and tenderness she was known for. It prompted her to compensate for this by forming the sensitivity of her own poetic dream، expressing the sensitivity of the female entity، and belonging to a turbulent world. Thus، she sought to shape a mystical life within her being to be a sanctuary for her، in the hope of being able to hide behind its walls from what surrounds her. Therefore، we see her choosing her masks and symbols to expose the falsehood of her era by embodying the characters present in the cultural heritage، whether those characters are negative or positive. She had a complete belief that history repeats itself and that what is happening is a representation of past events. Hence، she could embody her symbols in line with the spirit of the age
asking for forgiveness and repentance. Thus، her standpoints fluctuated from doubt to certainty. A certainty characterized by the depth that a person can only reach after research and contemplation.

This study attempts to address an important topic of Arabic grammar، we find that it took a good space among the commentators And it is “The Deletion Objection of the Tool According to the Exegetes until the End of the Sixth Century of Migration.” The commentators were reviewing this viewer for a semantic purpose، as the deletion objection only comes for the sake of meaning، and because the subject of the deletion objection is very large in the books of interpretation، the study was satisfied with the deletion objection of the tool and three tools only.

This research، which is entitled (Abu Hayyan’s Redresses on Ibn Malik in his book Manhaj al-Salik in Speech on the Alfiya of Ibn Malik) aims to identify what Abu Hayyan made to Ibn Malik in his millennium of various topics. Among these redresses، the selection was based on what was related to the grammatical opinion، to a grammatical dispute، or to detail. The nature of the research necessitated that it should have an introduction، two parts، a conclusion to the most important results of the research، and a list of the research references and its sources.
The introduction included the selection of the topic، the causes behind this selection، the difficulties that the researcher faced، and the research method. The search included two parts:
The first: Defining the term redress in linguistically and terminologically.
The second: the grammatical issues that Abu Hayyan redressed for Ibn Malik، which are three issues. The approach adopted was to present the statement of Ibn Malik، then the opinion of Abu Hayyan، redressing what he had missed in the manner in those issues in this research.

Conjunction is one of the methods in Arabic language that leads to the consistency of sentences and text cohesion. It has its own tools that link the sentences with one another، structurally and morally، provided achieving the difference between the two conjectured parts is required. It has received the grammarians’ attention who set provisions and sections for it. Among these sections emerged what they called conjunctions of the synonyms، which is a departure from the original rules agreed upon by the grammarians. Synonymy means matching between the two meanings، and conjunction requires contrast between the two meanings. This study addressed with this phenomenon by investigating the opinions of grammarians and interpreters with the help of the linguistic context، the context of the place، and the reasons for the revelation، taking into account the conditions of the addressee to explain the reality of this phenomenon. In his proof، Al-Zarkashi enumerated the verses that are said to be synonymous among the synonymous terms، and he mentioned that this is just as abundant in vocabulary as it is in sentences. Therefore، the study was divided into two requirements، preceded by a preface. The first requirement came under the title of “conjunction between synonymous sentences”، and the second requirement was titled “Conjunction between the vocabulary”، and a conclusion that included the results of the study، and a list of sources... Praise be to God، Lord of the Worlds.

This study presents a pragmatic approach in the argumentation of the Qur’anic text in Ibn al-Jawzi’s book “Akhbar Al-Azkaya” by Ibn al-Jawzi (597 AH)، in an attempt to reveal the employment of the Qur’anic religious authority as a sacred authority to which writers return to support their sermons and direct their ideas. Argumentation using the Holy Qur’an is argumentation in a religious، linguistic and pragmatic origin، as well as the rhetorical miracle.
The study also attempts to monitor the deviation of employing the narrative news of the Qur’anic text from its persuasive goal to other ends، such as inferring social issues and events that takes it away from argumentation to sarcasm، humor، and ridicule of the other، or what can be termed as humorous fallacy.

Conjunction is one of the Arabic methods that leads to the consistency of sentences and then leads to the coherence of the text. It has received the attention of the grammarians، and they set provisions and sections for it، and among these sections emerged a section that they called the sympathy of the synonyms، and in this a departure from the origin of the rule modest by the grammarians، as the tandem means matching between the two meanings، and sympathy requires the difference between the two meanings، and the study addressed this phenomenon investigating Opinions of grammarians and commentators، with the help of the linguistic context، the context of the circumstances and the reasons for revelation، taking into account the adverbs of the addressee to explain the truth of this phenomenon، He mentioned that this is as much in vocabulary as it is in sentences. Therefore، the study was divided into two requirements، preceded by a preface. The first requirement came under the title of sympathy between synonymous sentences، and the second requirement was titled “Conjunction between the vocabulary”، and a conclusion that included the results of the study، and a list of sources... Praise be to God، Lord of the Worlds

The text of the conclusion is a linguistic component in which there is an absorption of different words. Those who stand on it are amazed because they are engaged in various dialogues، which contain a conflict of hidden or apparent voices. Thus، everyone can share the wording of the speech، even if it is pronounced alone.
The signs of these overlapping relationships were discovered by the researchers، manifesting their magical interrelationship with the so-called text interaction. This interaction has its multiple mechanisms and patterns، with different occupations، which can be observed in the sayings of the endings، including their renewal and fertility of their connotations and meanings.

The dispossession of human rights by the political power represented by the state is a type of slavery, as it creates a society that is subject to any authority whose illegal laws are applied to it. It is one of the most destructive types of authority for humans because it represents the state and society at the same time. Thus, he becomes a helpless and submissive individual in society who does not reject the restrictions that he is bound by. This is because the identity of the citizen represents his affiliation with the country in which he lives, as well as the fact that it provides him with protection and grants him the rights of citizenship. Its loss makes him feel alienated within the country in which he lives. It is a more severe alienation than if he suffers from in another country that is not his original home.
Here comes the question: Is the dispossessed person accepting that alienation and immersed in it? Does he have an innate willingness to accept his expulsion from the core of society?
The hero of the novel (In the Presence of the Phoenix and Loyal friend) was a marginalized, psychologically tortured character on whom the government imposed alienation in her mother country. The right of citizenship was not granted, which is an inevitable right for every person born in a place. If we browse the laws of most countries of the world, we find that they grant everyone who is born on their land the nationality of the country of birth, even if his parents are not from the same country. This person will be one of its citizens, and enjoy all the rights enjoyed by any citizen of two parents who hold the nationality of the country in which he was born. However, the hero of the novel whose identity has been dispossessed was suffering since his childhood. That lasted with him and later deprived him the right of parenthood.

The credit of William Shakespeare (1564 AD - 1616 AD) was not limited to English literature only. The influence of this credit extended to include all world literature، including modern Arabic literature with its poetry and prose. Therefore، this research seeks to trace the impact left by (Shakespeare›s sonnets) in contemporary Arabic poetry. It also aims at finding out the mechanism through which this poetry represents those sonnets through one poetic artistic model which is “The Diwan of Samarkand Pillars” of the Iraqi poet according to Sheikh Jaafar. Sheikh Jaafar’s poems came in this Diwan as a bias to his desire for creative experimentation that cannot be properly understood as it should be away from the framework of the foreign influence، which has become a major source of creativity in modern Arabic literature.

Poetry is a translated image of feeling. This artistic image is the essence of literary work and poetry in particular. Without it، poetry becomes a lifeless system without a soul; just like a painter›s painting that accumulates his colors on its surface without meaning or intentional beauty The blind poet in the Abbasid era takes the artistic image as a wing in which he flies to the world of purposeful revelation. It is his best and almost the most important tool for conveying the emotions، feelings، wishes and dreams that are burning inside him. The blind poet seeks to revolutionize the energies of the lexical language to form creative aesthetic images that convey what he wants from positive (optimistic) or negative (pessimistic) feelings in an artistic way، capturing the mind and spirit which serves the goals he has drawn for them. This research is an attempt to shed light on the joints of the poetic image، specifically the metaphorical image in the texts of blind poets، and the optimistic or pessimistic aspect it carries that enriches the semantic and artistic side of their poetry.