Journal Dawat

Praise be to God, Lord of the worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the most honorable of the prophets and messengers, Abu al-Qasim Muhammad, and upon his good and pure family.
The Arabic language was honored that it was the language of the holiest heavenly book known to mankind, that immortal journey in the world of existence in which the enemy witnessed before the friend.
What distinguishes the Qur’anic text is that it contains linguistic phenomena that enrich the honorable reader and open up wider horizons for him as if he is reading the texts contained in it for the It does not stand on a specific meaning and the importance and scope of this phenomenon in the Qur’anic text.
Keywords: The Qur'anic miracle, the absolute indication, the limits of time first time.

The present paper is concerned with hermeneutics as a fundamental epistemological basis, upon which religious knowledge is predicated. In fact, this epistemological basis relates to religious knowledge as the heart relates to the body in humans, for the basic epistemic branches stem from it exclusively. It also represents an epistemic root in Qur’anic hermeneutics, as it anchors in the soil of the Qur’anic text. In addition, this basis has been the fulcrum of the Qur’anic soil, had the Islamic exegete heeded its philosophical inquiry that would have granted the Islamic knowledge its characterizing features and cultural distinction.
The hermeneutical practice that the Qur’anic text has provided with the proper premise, causes, as well as its courses is an epistemic pattern whose constituent parts have accumulated; it is practically a hypothesis, criteria, a system of values as well as meanings, an understanding, an exegete, and a cultural terrain. The Qur’anic hermeneutics, in this case, is a special system of consciousness, as it is a way of understanding that relates to its particular milieu and its cultural and sociological impact. Consequently, it is a cognitive mechanism that takes its special features from the linguistic and rhetorical origins in the first place. This means that the identity of hermeneutics is taken primarily from that of the founding text, and then the exegete.
Keywords: interpretation, Quranic knowledge, religious knowledge, interpretive meaning, interpretative response, epistemological moderation.

Growth represents the development that a thing rises to after going through several stages because it is a process based on a set of steps that are hierarchically interconnected. Therefore the satisfaction of needs and the quality of production are successive stages. The second is not reached only after the fulfilment of the first, but vice versa is not true. In addition, not every satisfaction of a need or more elevates the quality of the state of bridging his exhaustion to the exclusion of another. This is because an individual or a thing does not reach the required level of self-integrated and positive production except by meeting the basic needs in a manner that is appropriate to the situation in a way that leads to its advancement. The quality of the growth of anything is related to meeting its needs in proportion to its own system within the year; whether it is gas, food, or a carrier medium...etc. Some of it involves one and some of it requires more at the same time according to its type and the requirements of its condition, and according to what is destined for it to ensure its safety, the positivity of its production, its continuity and its growth.

This research deals with a study of the impact of the phonemic function in Arabic dialects in terms of some phonemic phenomena such as diphthong - substitution – hamz. They are a group of linguistic forms, some of which constitute a special phenomenon, and they do not fall under any of the common linguistic forms.
Keywords: phonemic function, Arabic dialects, diphthong, substitution, hamz

This research deals with one of the common phonemic phenomena in the Arabic language. It is the phenomenon of substitution between consonant sounds in the book (Yanabia Al-Lughah). It included the study of the acoustic relations between the consonant sounds (low consonant, converging and spaced out) in the sound output. Therefore, the research was titled (Substitution of consonant sounds according to Al-Bayhaqi (D. 544 AH) in his book «Yanabia Al-Lughah»). I have been keen to clarify the phonemic justification for the substitution between these vocal groups, explaining the reason for replacing each sound in the place of another sound, according to a method based on the alphabetical arrangement of the words in which the replacement took place. The book, «Yanabia Al-Lughah», is the main source for the basic material that was adopted in this study, which we directed according to the opinions of the ancients and moderns, and the extent to which it agreed or disagreed with them.
Keywords: Substitution, sounds, consonants, al-Bayhaqi, Yanabia Al-Lughah

Ibn Al-Hajeb wrote Al-Shafi’a in morphology, which is considered one of the important texts in Arabic morphology that has long been the focus of the interest of scholars and scholars throughout the ages and centuries. On the morphological weightings cited by Ibn al-Hajib in his explanation, he prefers the opinion of one scholar over another in some issues.
Keywords: Ibn al-Hajib, healing, exchange, weightings, scholars› opinions

The idea of this research is based on studying the prepositions in the supplication of Imam Zain al-Abidin Ali ibn al-Hussein (peace be upon him). It is a grammatical study, defining its meanings, and its significance through the context in which it was mentioned. Due to the the large number of his supplications (peace be upon him), the research was limited to the one called (the supplication of (Abu Hamza al-Thumali). He is from the people of a household who are the source of eloquence. My purpose is to collect prepositions because they are frequently used and they are rich and wide in meanings. The research was divided into an introduction, a requirement, and a conclusion. This study necessitated relying on the analytical descriptive approach, by studying the prepositions in this supplication, and tracing the significance of each letter, and its repetition to find out its multiple meanings, and the effect of the letter in changing the meaning.

The sentence in Arabic speech consists of two patterns, a nominal pattern, and a verbal pattern. Each pattern is distinguished by its special structural form. The verb is from an influential force, so the sentence differs from one verb to another. This difference leads to a difference in its significance in the text. For this reason, this research came to show the effect of this difference in verbs on the meaning of the sentence in terms of the morphological construction of the verb and the grammar, taking from the speech of Imam al-Sajjad (PBUH) as a sample for this study.

Praise be to God for what He has bestowed upon Him, and thanks to Him for what He has provided, and His eternal prayers upon the best of His creation, Muhammad and his pure family.
Since the revelation of the Noble Qur’an, it has been fascinating minds and captivating hearts, thus affecting the hearts of the Arabs to the fullest. The pre-Islamic poets remained silent for a while because of what they found in it of knowledge, eloquence, and the power of casting. And as soon as the influence took hold, its features appeared on the poetry of the Islamic poets, so the poets employed the Qur’anic verses in their poetry as an argument or for the purpose of persuasion or challenge, and this is what we find in the poetry of the defenders of Islam in its early emergence.
The influence of the Qur’an continued until after the Islamic era to this day. We hardly find a Muslim poet whose poetry is devoid of the Qur’anic influence on him. Among these poets is Sheikh Abdul-Hussein al-Huwaizi (may God have mercy on him). As he was chronicled: he is a poet and preacher, a stud, we chose him through a desire. We study the poetry of the Karbalai poet to shed light on his production. The reason why we chose him over other poets of Karbala; It is that the product left by Sheikh Al-Hawizi of poetry is large and did not receive the attention of scholars, and through our study we found the Qur’anic impact in his poetry which is worthy of attention.
Keywords: the Qur’an, impact, employment, Farida Al-Bayan

Every word in the linguistic structure has an intended function. This intention may reach the reader or the recipient in the form of signs or suggestions so that the recipient may infer the hidden intentions in them with the help of presumptions. The text constitutes one unit of semantic relations. Each of the utterances has within the text one meaning among all its lexical meanings, and the context determines the required meaning in the text. The verbal evidence is one of these important clues. Because the verbal presumption, or what is called (the contextual presumption), clearly defines the concept of context because the presumption of context is what is taken from the suffix of the utterance that indicates the specificity of the intended meaning, or its precedent. ((The context is the starting point, and an entity for expression can only be defined through it.))
Aesthetics is defined as a quality that is noticed in things, and gives the soul pleasure and satisfaction. It is one of the chapters of philosophy that examines the value of beauty, its standards, and its theories. The philosophy of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) for beauty came from the fact that beauty in nature is God Almighty’s harnessing of all the reasons for the integration of life, and what is on earth, and what is in the heavens, God has made it subservient to the service of man, and his worldly comfort.
Keywords: context, sky, nature, beauty, Nahj al-Balagha.

This Paper deals with the graphic arts and their effect to produce meaning presented in Dua›a Al-Sabah by Imam Ali (PBUH) and their impact on directing the meaning. The researcher relied on the analytical method in presenting metaphorical, euphemistic and allegorial expressions, benefiting from what was mentioned in the linguistic and rhetorical sources in the support of opinions and scientific analysis and discussion.
The study concluded with some important results shown by the research, perhaps the most important of which are: The graphic image in supplication was dominated by the metaphorical image as well as euphemism for the described is the one that prevailed over the metonymic expressions in supplication.
As for the Allegory, the attributive and non-attributive mental allegory dominated the phrases and structures of supplication
Keywords: graphic image, Dua›a al Sabah, meaning, Imam Ali

Language in its true sense is the function of verbal expression of internal and external thoughts. Here it is considered a type, and external speech is a genus, and it is natural for criticism to be one of the distinct types within the language. Since literature is the second creation of language, it can be said that criticism is the third creation because it comes later than literature. As the language of literature is intended to aim to influence the attitudes of the recipient, criticism is also aimed at such an effect.
The intellectual activity that critics establish for it must be protected by a vision and method that reflects its position, which is formulated in a special language. There is nothing in language but language, and the critical text is an important part of the Arab culture system, as a complementary text to literary discourse. Standing on the language of criticism, which looks at the literary language, means standing at the highest levels of the linguistic structures that represent the ancient Arab literary thought, in an attempt to reach the true awareness of linguistic use, i.e. , searching for the critics’ intention in their use of the language. The language of criticism tries to return the language of literature, which reaches the degree of confusion and complexity, to an intelligible language, which is a reverse language that attempts to explain what has been obscured from literature and return it to the first language.
The text, as a linguistic system, reflects the system behind it of the civilization that gave birth to it. Arabic criticism, as texts, represents the critical Arab civilization in its chapter, and since these texts do not work when they are limited to repeating ready-made sentences, but freedom comes before the speaker by formulating sentences, when Binding syntactic rules, despite the presence of sayings of a stereotypical nature, and this speech is analyzed by understanding the sentence consisting of those images, if we talk about the sentence as ((the small verbal form of useful speech in any language, and it is the compound that shows the speaker by that a mental image had formed parts in his mind). The meaning comes from the way the sentence is structured, and from the context in which all levels of language interact, not from the sum of the lexical meanings of its vocabulary alone. Here we have to understand that speech is individual and its framework is language because it is the actual performance of the language, and this performance differs in the use of what the language provides from one user to another.
Keywords: the language of criticism, Arabic criticism, ancient criticism, and the means of synthesizing the language of criticism.

This research studies similes in the poetry of Ahmad al-Khayyal in terms of its influence on the national and religious cultural heritage, whether it is Abrahamic or pre-Abrahamic religions, in addition to examining the impact of those legacies in the simile process, especially the poet›s use of the heritage as a shared knowledge between the sender and the addressee, and the extent Approximation of the image of the likeness when the inherited is likened to it in the poetry of Ahmed Al-Khayal.
Keywords: inheritance, simile, imagination, Ahmed, Al-Wataifi, inside.

Intentionality is an important criterion of the textual criteria proposed by (De Beaugrande). It is also a major axis of the pragmatic axes, as it is one of the elements of directing the pillars of the communication process in discourses in general, considering it as a guiding factor for all the elements of the discourse (the originator, the text, and the recipient). The goal sought by the creator of the text is to communicate what he wants to the recipient by selecting the appropriate rhetorical methods through which he can achieve his aims. This is because every linguistic event has a specific signification and behind each sign is an intention, whether this intent is real or not. The author of the text has his intentions consealed behind what he chooses from the rhetorical expressions. The task of the recipient is to interpret these intentions with the knowledge he has in common with the author of the text. Hence, the impact of this criterion is important in clarifying the semantics and determining the paths of linguistic actions. Any defect that occurs in this criterion leads to the failure of the communication process. Therefore, there is no text or discourse without it

Alienation is a phenomenon that emerged in societies in general. Like other societies, the Arab society was not immune to it. Alienation emerged in all literary eras, from the pre-Islamic era to the modern and contemporary one. The concept of alienation appeared in thought, feeling and speech in societies in general, which thinkers and philosophers deal with by analysis and research. Further, poets have a share of this phenomenon, especially because it is related to feelings, expressions and emotions so they dealt with it in all its forms due to the political and social conditions that prevail in Arab society. Hence it is decided to study the phenomenon of alienation as a (topic) and the method of presenting it artistically in some of the contemporary Emirati poetry models. The first collection of the poet Karim Maatouq is one of the most prominent poets in the Arab Emirates. We will try to trace the poet›s awareness of alienation by following the sequence of the issuance of his first collections.

One of Al Zuhairy›s strategies which the poetics of the text is based upon is the conversation with absent texts, which to some extent, he achies interaction with them. This interaction forms a linguistic presence from former texts due to the fact that the text, any text, is neitherclosed to itself nor isolated from its environment. In other words, it›s not faraway from its adjacent or what is located in. The absent texts don›t possess a presence unless they are active and participants beyond thier first textual borders or being part of a new production accomplished by the present creative text. So, there are no barriers among the texts since the old texts not only do stick together or enter into a dialogue with their new texts, but the new texts may inter into a dialogue with contemporary texts in a sort of intraculturalism. Taking a close look at the two poetry collections of Sheikh Sattar Al Zuhairy ‹›Beyond adoration›› and ‹› Shirts of the wind ‹› leads to the fact that most of the absent texts are divided into two groups, dealt with in this study into two axes: The axis of the Quranic texts and the axis of the poetic texts.
Keywords: Al-Zuhairi, poetics, absent text, overlap, intertextuality.

Anthropology is a science that aims to reveal the other dimension of man, such as knowledge, his way of thinking, his lifestyle and value, his way of behavior and his subjective and objective nature. Many branches of this science branch in order to study anthropology in its light, including social anthropology, so it studies the human being and his concerns in life and living. In the novel “The Wedding of Al-Zain“ The writer Al-Tayyib Salih came to draw and embody the stereotypical image of the human being in the Sudanese rural society through the combination of types of anthropology, such as traditions, values, cultures, beliefs, relationships, kinship, special rituals in marriage and other such matters… And revealing the extent to which the writer was affected by an environment and drew from it in the form of a narrative discourse full of literary images, a meaningful narrative, and a language that penetrates the feelings of the recipient and portrays them according to the human’s concerns, shares, interests and quotations from his popular heritage, rituals and ceremonies inherited, and the rooting and consolidation of values in the roots of man and the bonds that unite him with his environment. In this novel, the writer embodied the life of the Sudanese village with the suffering and misery of the lives of the marginalized, and then touched on rituals, customs, beliefs and superstition, as well as the suffering of the villager individual and identified the marginalized character of Al-Zain and weaved around it stories that dealt with the issue of marriage, religion, and culture in the Sudanese village, And address the faces of poverty and misery.
This research aims to crystallize the anthropological dimension by relying on the descriptive-analytical approach; It is necessary to reveal these faces as a model in the Sudanese society, and to show the relationships and how to interrelate the coherence of the existing in the fabric of the rural community in the novel “The Wedding of Al-Zein”, and to penetrate into the social dimension, especially marriage and the construction of human life in that period that the writer portrayed in that era of time.

This research, entitled intertextuality in the poetry of the poet Zuhair Zahed al-Najafi, aims to define the poet›s life and explain his literary productions. The researcher dealt with the concept of intertextuality linguistically and idiomatically, and explained the poetic texts in the poet›s complete collection, indicating the texts that overlapped with his texts, and according to the resources he intersected with in the Qur›anic, literary, historical, and proverbs, especially the statement of the function of intertextuality.

The duality of the ego and the other constitutes a large space in the literary construction in general and the narrative in particular.The writer relies on it in building his novel, determining the identity of his main and secondary characters, and the nature of the relationships between them. We cannot separate one of the two sides of this duality because the two are linked with each other, and their existence is only achieved by the presence of the other, which appears in different ways according to the different circumstances in which the self and the other live. Thus, the reader becomes manifest to the representations of the other, the enemy, the friend, and the educated person. The ego and the other are placed in the formation of multiple patterns and visions about the image of the other in the ego›s imagination, and this is what we discover at the end of the research.
Keywords: the other, the ego, east, west, Jassim, Julia.

The place is one of the most significant artistic tools that integrate the aesthetics of producing the narrative text. It is the novelist›s starting point in the narration and the basic foundation for the manifestation of the key event. Throughout this study, I will explore the miracle of closed locations and those of open spaces, as well as the treatment of the miraculous breach by studying the most conspicuous of the Basra’s novel of fictional delinquency that overshadowed realistic places.
Keywords: Miracle, place, open spaces, closed locations

Arabic poetry has a distinguished position in literary studies, as it touches society in all its aspects, translates its pains, documents its history, as well as translates issues that affect people. Poetic drama is one of the most important topics, after the lyrical began to diminish, to be replaced by the drama because of its expression of human problems while facing the contradictions of society and its bitter reality. The overlapping of the art of the story in Amara’s poetry is one of the important topics, as the poet was able to mix the elements of storytelling and poetry in her poems. She is one of the first poets who are prone to the narrative tendency as a clear and prominent phenomenon in their poetry. Most of her poems came in the style of self-narration, giving this style several types of poems such as the poem of the biography, the poem of the message, as well as the poem of the diary. Then, in second place comes the poems that are based on the style of objective narration, giving that poetic text the narrative structure at its various levels. The poet paid remarkable attention to drawing her personalities in her poetic texts, through the exposition and revealing at times, and telling at other times. Thus, she was able to mix these two methods. She has multiple characters in her poems; we may find the literary one, religious, popular, political, historical, etc.. The poet portrayed the familiar place, which is the dominant image in most of her poems, while the hostile place was less present in her poems.
Keywords: overlap، story، poetry، narration، Lamia Abbas Emara

In studying the artistic dimensions of the literary text in «Inaam Kachaji’s four novels, two of her literary works are taken as a model: «The American Granddaughter» and «The Wine». It was found that the writer employed the idea of «multiculturalism» in her literary texts through the diversity in constructing the characters that seemed to change positions, orientations, and multiple voices, complex personalities that change with the change of place, environment, and time.

The research presented the names of the place of Ghadir Khum, which are (Al-Juhfa, Al-Muhai’a, Al-Ghaydah, Al-Kharar, and Al-Ghuraba) and their connotations, and a statement of the connection of these indications with the incident in which they occurred, namely the Ghadir incident in which the Messenger of God appointed Imam Ali bin Abi Talib, peace be upon him, by the command of God Almighty For Muslims, we made a comparison between the connotations of the aforementioned words and the extent to which they are related to the Imam, peace be upon him, and their connection to him was clarified. Ghadeer Khum and his names revolve around one meaning, which is water. In the Holy Qur’an, peace be upon him, that he is water, and this water is also betrayed by him and his pledge of allegiance has been broken. Then we explained the reason for the imam’s nickname, i.e.: (Water), and that they are compatible with four things: the priority of creation, the need, the constancy of the truth, and purification.
Key words: Imam Ali (peace be upon him) Al-Jahfa, Al-Kharrar, Al-Ghadeer, Ghadeer Khum, Al-Ghareeba, Al-Ghaydah.

The place in modern poetry is subject to the principle of polarity based on the duality of antagonism between places. The concept of spatial polarity is based on opposite binaries (near/far), (inside/outside)...etc., which are usually present in the form of binaries that combine opposing forces or elements. And its placement in the poetic text expands the scope of semantic generation and raises the rates of cognitive openness to the contents of subjects through the ability to attract symbols, semantics, and cognitive compounds that abound in the historical stage, as this dual thinking reveals the components of the cultural structure and the epistemological and historical moment in which it takes place, and accordingly Basis Our research proceeds during the study of spatial polarities in monitoring the charges generated between the two ends of the polarity from the aesthetic point of view, and openness at
keywords
Spatial polarities, opposite diodes, off/on, dark/light,

The conclusion of the analogy is the great and clear impact in the depiction of abstract objects with realistic sensory images that come to life capable of approximating the meaning and clarifying the image in contrast, and in addition to the ability of the analogy in imparting an aesthetic feature to the discourse that attracts the reader, it carries a great persuasive pilgrimage energy that makes the discourse tend towards the direction of influence and persuasion, by attracting minds to meanings different from the abstract meaning of the subject so as to approximate the image, The analogy also has a great ability to generate the significance and composition of texts in the recipient and thus to make an impact and persuasion. In order to study the analogy with his pilgrimage image and to follow his persuasive path in the discourse, I applied it by analysis to Mubarak›s text from the texts of the people of the House of Prophethood (peace be upon them), namely the sermons of jihad by Imam Ali (peace be upon him) as a pilgrimage discourse whose purpose is to preach and persuade the need for jihad for the sake of Allah and the defense of religion and belief, and the analogy found in the sermons of jihad is all a pilgrimage analogy whose purpose is to influence and persuade