JOURNAL OF MADENAT ALELEM COLLEGE

Background : During pregnancy, the mother’s thyroid gland undergoes many physiological changes, leading to an increase in thyroid volume which is often associated with higher urinary iodine excretion. Aim of study: To study the levels of thyroid function in second trimester of pregnancy. Subjects and methods: A longitudinal study was conducted in Gynecological clinics at Alalm city Salah din Government from the 1st of August 2016 to the end of march 2017. Ninety pregnant women were participated in the study. About 10 ml of venous blood was drawn from pregnant woman. Samples were collected between (9-11) A.M., after overnight fasting, the blood was drawn from the capital vein using disposable needles and syringes with using tourniquet in all cases. The blood was allowed to clot in plain tubes at room temperature. The serum was aspirated after centrifugation (at 3000 rpm) for 30 minutes, divided into liquates in plastic tubes and stored at deep freeze (-18_20C0) until the time of estimation. Result: The result show that, there is a high significant in T3 and T4 there are no significant difference between three month in TSH concentration as compare to its trimester. In other hand, there is no significant difference (p≤0.001) among pregnant of cholesterol , LDL and VLDL concentration. but there is there is significant difference (p≤0.001) among pregnant of triglyceride and HDL value when compare to different month. Conclusion: We calculated clinically relevant second trimester values for thyroid function tests through pregnancy to facilitate improved management of thyroid disease in pregnancy in our local population.

Introduction; IL-10 is an important cytokine in the pathogenesis of both infectious and inflammatory processes. The central and necessary role of IL- 10 in protecting against severe or inflammatory pathology has been clearly shown in models of experimental infection with intracellular pathogens using IL-10 genetically deficient mice. IL-10 is a multifunctional cytokine with potent immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. It prevents the release and function of a number of proinflammatory cytokines. It has been postulated that inadequate levels of IL-10 can determine long-term escape of pathogens from immune control and give rise to persistent infections. The aim of the study is to use of Interleukin -10 as a biomarker for diagnosis of viral hepatitis type C Infections and its relation to liver enzymes in thalassemia patients with viral hepatitis .Patients and methods: A cross sectional study was done on thalassemia patients in gastrointestinal center – Medical city directory in Baghdad from the beginning of March to the end of August 2017. A total of 80 subjects were participated in the present study, (45 thalassemia patients without hepatitis and 35 patients with Thalassemia who receive regular blood transfusion and diagnosed having viral hepatitis type C and were participated in the study. liver enzymes, and IL-10. Alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST) were measured according to standard procedures. Result; there is significant increase in the concentration of IL-10 in the serum of HCV positive patients as compare with control patients. Also, there were significant increase in serum liver enzymes (ALT and AST and ALP), in patients with positive HCV, as compare to control with those with non-viral thalassemia hepatitis.

The femur bone is the longest bone in the human body. The proximal end of femur contacted at hip joint and in the distal end contacted at knee joint. Femur bone affected with muscles attached with it and with contacts at joints and weight bearing of body, all of these applied loads on femur and stresses effect result. In this study we will discuss stress analysis on the femur bone when a compressive load applied on the head of the bone at the contact region with acetabulum by using the photo elasticity transmission technique. The normal femur bone scaling to prototype according to material properties an polariscope load applied. The effect of load on the prototype with passage of polarized light through it give fringes pattern which Interpretation to show the stress at head of femur and at the shaft of femur. The study was done in Baghdad during 2016 from Al-Nahrain University.

Sensors data security has an increasing importance with the use of sensors in all kinds of real world applications, after being collected from sensors, huge amount of data will be stored in a database, with different types of analysis. It should be protected from all attack kinds considering sensor data as sensitive data. Several security algorithms are implemented to present database protection, and to have powerful protection, the sensitive data should be covered from the risk of being attacked and not stored as original text only, therefore, the key solution for protecting database is to encrypt it. This paper provides database encryption for data acquisition from sensor. TSFS (Transposition, Substitution, Folding, and Shifting) algorithm has been used with three strong and different keys matrices after two sub-steps for key generation using genetic algorithm and expansion by column shifting. By implementing the enhanced algorithm, an efficient and strong database security system has been achieved to data received from sensor.

Optical fibers have been widely used in the field of sensing. In this paper, Mach-Zehnder interferometer is designed and constructed for detecting the concentration of solutions based on the excitation of the evanescent wave at the cladding/core interface. Laser diode (LD) with wavelength of 810 nm has been used. 3 cm of cladding has been removed in the middle of 1 m (SMF-28) for the two arms by using hydrofluoric acid (HF). One arm is isolated from the external perturbation, and the other arm is immersed in different concentrations of sucrose solutions range from 10% to 50% and sodium chloride (Nacl) solutions range from 5% to 25%. As the concentration of solution increases the output power decreases and the wavelength shifts toward the red region. The sensitivities of this sensor for different concentration of sucrose solutions and Nacl solutions are 0.017 nm/(% w/v) and 0.0474 nm/(% w/v) , respectively.

Multi-level inverter used in applications that require high power and medium voltage. It can be used in: homes, factories, as well as in the military and medical aspects. This paper deals with study of Cascaded H-bridge and comparison between different levels for this type (three level, five level and seven level are presenting in this study). The comparison based on the design, the cost and the total harmonic distortion. The design tends to be more complicated when increasing the number of levels because of using more sources, more H-bridges and more connection wires. The control becomes more complexity as well as the inverter will be expensive and heavy as compared to low levels. Considering to the results of Matlab\ Simulink which illustrate the total harmonic distortion is being low when increasing the level and this will be an important matter in the output voltage. The level number of multi-level inverter is choosing according to the type of load.

Renewable energy is an area of significant investment and importance for future generations. The basis of this project is to design a new automatic control system for solar panel that tracking maximum power tracking according to the direction of sun ray. This project is an analysis of maximum power that can generate from the solar panel. This project needed to investigate the system parameter that affected the input sun ray to the solar panel. The system parameter that needs to investigate is weather, cell type, number of cells, temperature and the intensity of the sun. The system parameter is important to create the maximum power that can be generated by the design solar panel. In this paper, the main purpose is to design a system which controls the direction of the solar panel base on the sun direction and the main system parameter is the intensity of sun in daily mode. The system uses the motor type for controlling the angle of the solar panel base on the maximum intensity of sun ray. The validity of this proposed system achieved the maximum power of 101 Watt compared with the conventional types.

Many production companies suffering lot of problems concerning the management of inventory, especially in identify the amounts inventory should storage .In the actual market is very difficult to determine the precise value of the request for it to be random in most cases and that the adoption of these companies on the personal experiences and some of simple mathematical techniques leads to uncertainty determinant amounts of stock.
Where in this research create a model continuous for inventory due to demand is random fuzzy which has a fuzzy numbers for a following the trigonometric function for cement product which belong to cement plant Kirkuk at year 2015 and on a seasonal basis has been create a mathematical model after data distribution test which obtained upon request during the waiting period after removal of fuzzy where the test was using statistical program (spss) finding that distributed normally (normal distribution).


the research target to accelerate waiting period and identify the period which achieved highest economic typical quantitative by the lower expected cost with reduce the deficit and determine the best point to restore demand after conducting the required mathematical and statistical analyzes of the data by writing algorithm of proposed and It was using special mathematical criteria of quantitative methods in addition to the application importance and inventory effectiveness of the potential model in determining the economic quantities of production when the demand is random and fuzzy and reduced investment in inventories which leading to lower total costs of inventory to a minimum and so as to give solutions for research problem.

The study included the description of external body parts and the male genitalia for the male of rusty flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst,1797) and the studied was supported by illustrations.

Preventive maintenance is of great importance in the maintenance of machines and prevent the sudden discontinuation of the devices. The main objective of this research is to determine the optimal time for preventive maintenance. The research depended on the linear programming method in estimating the optimal period of preventive maintenance. The study was carried out at the Neuroscience Hospital Where the study of the stops that affect the medical devices through the records of the hospital and through the collection of data on the site was selected device anesthesia device and Ventilator and monitor and sterilization device as it recorded the highest failures compared to the rest of the devices and In this research, linear mathematical model was formulated and solved in Win-QSB and the results were shown The cost of maintaining an anesthesia machine is 2,500.00 million dinars every five months. The cost of maintenance of the ventilator is 350,000 thousand dinars every seven months. The cost of maintenance of the monitor is 100,000 thousand dinars every eight months. The cost of maintaining sterilization apparatus is 500,000 Thousand dinars annually, every 12 months compared to the current reality of the hospital where the anesthesia vehicle is maintained by changing the solutions every three months and cost the hospital (5,000,000) million dinars, while Ventilator is maintained every two months by changing the filter in the device and specialist entry Air and discharged to the patient and withdraw moisture from it, where the cost of the hospital (1,050,000) million dinars, as well as the monitor device is maintained by lubrication and lubrication every 6 months and the cost of the hospital (200,000) thousand dinars and sterilization device is maintained every 40 hours by the work Reset the device and the filters in it are changed every month and this costs the hospital (60,000,000) million dinars. We conclude from this that planning using the linear programming method is better than the planning followed by the hospital in terms of maintenance of the devices, where the cost of maintenance of the devices has been reduced and this indicates the efficiency of the mathematical model.

The problem of transportation is one of the most important mathematical methods that help in making the appropriate decision to move goods from the sources of processing to the centers of demand and With lowest possible costs, in the research was based on the mathematical model of the problem of three-dimensional transportation where the transport of sales is not homogenous, Fuzzy Multi-objective programming method to solving the problem of transporting food products (sugar, oil, rice) from the warehouses to the demand areas in Baghdad and also used two types of membership functions, linear and exponential. The results showed that the linearity function was better than the exponential affinity function in reducing the total transportation costs of (6,850,707.4) million dinars, and reducing the total transportation time of (412,623.26) hours

In dowelling areas constructed on a thick-clay strata's lacking the services of rain-water network system, flood is possible in occasions of heavily rain-storms.

This research indicates the possibility of discharging the run-off water into the ground through cess-pits.

These pits are digged out through the impervious strata to the previous under laid strata where the water infiltrated from

As a result of the technological developments that took place and the emergence of the phenomenon of economic globalization, which made the world a small village where borders and barriers have disappeared. There is a difference and diversity in accounting practices among the countries of the world. Each country seeks to adopt an accounting system that suits its needs and environmental conditions. In the effort to reduce differences and try to unify and coordinate international accounting by finding common standards governing the practical application.

This requires adopting the appropriate approach to the formulation of accounting standards. In this context, two approaches (legal approach and self- approach) can be adopted, under the legal approach in which international accounting standards are formulated by practitioners of accounting profession and professional organizations. Accounting system used in the practical application in Iraq in the consolidated accounting system and the Board of Accounting and Control Standards. The unified accounting system in the relevant local companies is based on the standardization of the rules, terms and definitions used in processing and proof of events Financial operations and financial reporting to enable them to compare and evaluate performance efficiency at the national level. However, the system is not useful in light of the changes, including the economic and political changes that have occurred in the Iraqi environment and is not consistent with the international accounting standards, which requires reconsidering the application and proposing appropriate alternatives that enhance the credibility and fairness of financial reports from the perspective of its users.

The increasing challenges faced by business organizations in modern industrial environment at present as a result of strong competition pressure and handle multiple clients needs and decision makers at all levels of management as well as the need for appropriate and accurate information and timely criticism of cost management portal leading to there source consumption accounting approach early this century that combines cost assumptions approach on the activity basis cost and the german approach which avoid the most cost mistakes the former cost approaches, and is characterized by its ability to integrate with the methods and practices of modern management accounting in a way that supportsthe different management acts and tasks. research aimed to identifying the impact of integration between enterprise resources planning system and the resource consumption accounting, and it's reflections on the cost management.

This Research aimed to demonstrate the possibility of Resource Consumption accounting approach as one of the alternatives to develop cost systems and in response to changes in modern environment for helping in rationalize and manage resources for Firms, where it has been proposed a framework for Resource Consumption accounting approach can be applicable in Firms, This study has been build on four hypotheses, This study found many of the results:

1.As a result of the development in the Business Firms and the importance of this Business both in terms of humanitarian or economic. The Business Firms have to maintain the element of competition in order to provide product at appropriate prices to enhance the ability to manage resources.

2.The cost accounting systems is one of the main pillars to ensuring the stability of the financial system because of its role to provide decision-makers with financial and non-financial information to enable them to make strategic decisions.

3.The success of the Business Firms is measured largely with achieve profits through the rational use of resources and try to take advantage of the available capacity and reduce costs for the provision of product, and does not come only through the production of accurate scientific means to determine the resources that non values added and work to be avoided in the case of whether these flexible resources or attempt to use the performance of other product if these resources were committed as possible, and this can be achieved through the resource consumption accounting approach.

4.The resource consumption accounting approach Contributes in the solving of the problems facing both the traditional cost accounting systems and activity based costing system in the rationalization of resource management through proper management of resources and try to use the idle capacity and determine the costs ofthe product provided by Product Business Firms accurately and providing useful information to help in the process control, as well as provide information to assist in decision-making and thus achieve a competitive advantage for Product Business.

Due to the decline in interest in the competitive factors in the construction contracting companies so attention should be given to this vital and important aspect, which achieves the company an advanced position compared to its peers in the market through an evaluation of the most important competitive factors and the need to adopt and pay attention to them according to a proposed program for this purpose. Developing the competitive aspect of the company and taking care of it and focusing on the external factors surrounding the company and not only interest in the internal and industrial factors. The researcher reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which is the knowledge of the volume of demand for business through The tenders and tenders that the company shares by comparing it with the total number of bids and the other competitors obtained according to the percentage of the total obtained from them and comparing them from year to year. The researcher also reached a number of recommendations, the most important of which is the need to make the customer indirectly reflective of the company from Through providing the best to make the customer highlights the advantages of the company and its products and projects to others and this is a free media publicity for the company

From the beginning of the human life , the human face the dangers that beset him , suffering under injustice , arbitrariness & looking forward to a world of stability that could achieve equality for all of people . The human rights has received great interest since ancient times until our present time, but these rights & freedoms passed with discomforts throughout its long history, although access to some simple rights , then taken to evolve depending on the evolution of human societies & did not characterize by stability & inactivity, but changed depending on the circumstances .
The religions & philosophical doctrines emphasize on the essence of human rights ,calling for equality among human beings , the Islamic law, had a prominent role in this area , where Islamic law & jurisprudence had the priority in the field of establishing these rights .

The West has known some of the documents that confirmed the basic human rights throughout the middle ages & in the modern era, such as the declaration of American independence , the document of human & civil rights, which were issued after the French revolution & the international conventions such as the UN charter in 1945 , the universal declaration of human rights in 1948 & other covenants . Those rights were a topping of international efforts succeeding in the field of international protection of human rights, whether they relate to legal , constitutional protection or political & judicial .

As it was a big impact for the United Nations to approve the three international documents related to the human rights , which were the international covenant on economic, social & cultural rights , the international covenant for civil rights & the political & the optional protocol, all these documents were the basis corner for determining the individual & collective rights of the human being , as well as economic , social freedoms & rights, which indicate for these right & protect it from any violation by any party .

A review of the dilemma the local experts are facing in the topics related to Digital Signal Processing when dealing with terminology, symbols, engineering

functions and those specific for those topics , was done in terms of considering foreign terms most commonly used to correct scientific meaning of the term scientific situation , as well as the numbers , letters , units , functions , variables , constants, and operations. The gap due to the lack of local equivalent to the foreign terms was handled. This was done by designing and creation of letters and symbols suitable to specialties’ to the digital signal processing topics, so that it becomes local alternative to the foreign terms. The proposed system has been implemented through the development and programming of the computer key board.