JOURNAL OF MADENAT ALELEM COLLEGE

Introduction: People have different blood types, known as blood groups. Antigens are hereditary determined and plays a vital role in transfusion safety. The discovery of the ABO blood groups by Karl Land steiner was an important achievement in the history of blood transfusion followed by discovery of Rh antigen. There are differences in the distribution of ABO, and Rh (D) blood groups amongst different populations. The study of blood groups plays an important role in various genetic studies, in clinical studies for reliable geographical information and in blood transfusion practice, which will help in reducing morbidity and mortality rate. The aim of the study is to find out whether there is any relationship between ABO blood groups and thalassemia patients. Methods: The present study was done at Baghdad teaching hospital, GIT center from 1st of Jan 2017 to the end of September 2017. A cross sectional study was done in Baghdad-Iraq, in collaboration with GIT center. A total of 200 ß- thalassemia patients without viral hepatitis. (100 males and 100 females) (the age of patients is between 7 to 24 years). Thalassemia patients ABO type beta major were tested by ABO blood group at laboratory department. Determination of ABO blood group Blood group is determined by slide haemagglutination technique. Result: In male and female thalassemia patients, blood group O is the highest %, followed by B blood group in in males. However, the 2nd one in female patients is (A) blood group. The lowest ABO blood group in male and female patients is AB blood group. In thalassemia patients, both gender, the highest percentage rate of Rh antigen is found in O+ , (43% in males and 38% in female patients), followed by B+, (29% in males and 21% in female patients), However, and the lowest was in ABO blood group. From the present study; it could be summarized that ABO blood groups in thalassemia patients was found mostly in O+ blood group, and almost there is no thalassemia in AB- and O- groups.

Numerous digital images are available for printing the documents. The discussions are continuing for arriving to best algorithm for identifying the English letters. The suggested method has four steps. Firstly, apply wavelet transform on images of letters using Haar filter.
Secondly interest points were detected using features from accelerated segment test (FAST) corner detection. Thirdly those points were descripted using Speeded up Robust Features (SURF). Fourthly, the clustering algorithm of moving k-means is employed to obtain bag of visual words (BOVW) and then build vocabulary and a histogram from visual words.The features of each visual word for video images and test image are matched using Manhattan distance measure. The suggested system was tested on three types of English letters font's databases (Time New Roman, Arial Black and Calibri) .Experimental outcomes show that the suggested method is more efficient and fast for matching and recognizing a letter than seven moment's method. The recognition time for BOVW is less than the seven moment's time and the BOVW accuracy depends on number of correct character recognition. BOVW have optimal accuracy in the process of recognition of letters.

This paper presents a new secure blind signature. In order to secure the blind signature, this scheme generates two blind signatures. Each of the blind signatures has its own blind factors. In addition, the author of the message encrypts the information sent to the signing author by an encryption key generated by El-Gamal cryptosystem, which is considered a strong cryptographic key. This key adds a secure and hidden layer to the message being signed. In addition, the author of the message binds an agreement factor for each type of message and a context that characterized the type of message signed. This method provides the most important properties for a secure blind signature.

After the evolution in the digital world, it has become difficult to the preservation of information in the channels of communication; for this reason using of encryption methods is employed to provide security and to ensure access of information properly to the authorized persons and to ensure that the information is not manipulated and changed by others. Encryption methods are divided into two types one type is depended on using two keys (Public and Private key) while the other type is depended on using one secret key founded in both sides (Sender and Receiver). The encryption methods which depend on using two keys (Public and Private keys) sometimes are not secure because the predication of secret key is possible by using special calculations on the public key, the unauthorized person do this calculation .For this reason the methods which depend on private key are used where only authorized persons to send and receive the information have the private key. In this paper a proposed encryption method is presented based on using the Geffe Generator, Genetic algorithm, S-box and DNA coding. Since these will be used to generate special key. In the proposed method present three types of keys will be used in the encryption which are (Specified, Generated, and Static) which make it difficult to know the real key and the real secret text characters

This study utilized Binary Particle Swarm Optimization (BPSO) and Modified BPSO (MBPSO) for solving Distribution Network Reconfiguration (DNR). The search problem space for the presented algorithm is a set of lines (switches) which are normally closed or opened, this search problem may be dissimilar for different dimensions. This paper consists of two parts. First, the reconfiguration with constant load was optimized based on two algorithms BPS and MBPS. The decreasing of real power loss has been invested as an objective function; while node voltage, system radially and line current have been utilized as limits of the system. Second, the reconfiguration with variable load is optimized based on the same two algorithms BPS and MBPS. The proposed methods are applied on IEEE node power system by using software to test the effectiveness and efficiency of MBPSO algorithm. The results for the IEEE node power systems indicate that algorithm has high ability and effective in reduce power loss and voltage profile enhancing of the system compared to

Nowadays, Network security is one of the challenging issues with the rapid growth in information technology, this subject leading people to become increasingly aware of the threats to personal privacy through computer crime. Therefore, there is important to create intrusion detection system to detect malicious activities and various attacks on the internet with elevated detection rate and minimal false positive alarm. This paper proposed Network Intrusion Detection system using Decision Tree algorithm. To detect and classify attacks into four categories (DOS, Probe, R2L, U2R). The KDDcup99 dataset has been used to evaluate the activity of proposition system. The experimental results showed that the proposed system provides better results with high detection rate in experiment 1 (99.95%), experiment 2 (97.8%) and low false alarm rate in experiment 1 (0.05%), experiment 2 (2.2%).

This paper present a theoretical and experimental work of noise effect on the main performance measure of the second order zero crossing digital phase locked loop (ZDPLL). The loop error probability density function (P.D.F) satisfies the Chapman-kolomogrov equation. From this and the basic equation of approximate expression for the steady state phase error p.d.f. phase error variance and we obtained the loop noise bandwidth on matlab programme. The main measurement used in this paper is value of reliability, phase error variance, probability of correct locked and maximum phase jitter.

Accounting departments are considered to be the main contributors to the economic development in Iraq. This requires reconsidering the curriculum and developing it to suit the labor market, including the problem of research. The internal and external variables witnessed by the Iraqi economy during the past decades, especially after 2003, has made accounting approaches inappropriate for these variables This research aims to demonstrate the importance and effectiveness of reviewing and developing university curricula in the economic and administrative Group The research reached the most important conclusion in accordance with this development, the Iraqi economy had witnessed a number of variables and developments of economic and internal and external, so it became more needed for human cadres specialized in economic sciences, administrative, accounting and statistical correspond to these variables, while the reality indicates that most of the curriculum In the group of colleges of management and economics is still not keeping up with this development and it is at its roots back to about four decades of time has not undergone strategic changes in keeping with the state of economic and social development in Iraq and the world

The Most Important Recommendation Formation of specialized committees to review the university curricula of the accounting departments through the study and analysis of the main headlines first and then the inclusion of detailed vocabulary in the variables of the Iraqi economy.

Government activity and accounting for operations that occur in the environment of government units require using of intermediate accounts that called advances accounts, as there are elements in the state budget for expenditures that have been fully paid, therefore, it is recorded under the item of public expenditure of the State, according to its chapters and kinds, and here arises the problem of amounts owed to the State during the fiscal year and is not paid to the owners because of the failure to complete the payment procedures, So the use of the accounts of the intermediary is necessarily to control, auditing and recording therefore it appear after the end of the financial year and after making the necessary adjustments from the accounts comprising the final account.
The research aims to shed light on the types of advances accounts used in the Government decentralized accounting systemand the procedures for controlling and auditing these accounts. And to know the role of the Federal Audit Bureau in checking the accounts of the advances that have been accumulated in the accounts of the state, and the statement of treatments that would limit the aggravation and accumulation in order to give a clear and accurate picture of the financial position of the state And keep public money from waste and loss, the main findings of the research is the weakness of the Ministry's role in monitoring the advances and the repayment process Which affected the disclosure process of the Final Account of the State, Continued accumulation of temporary advances funds, Granted to current and investment budget,not to check the accuracy of the settlement of certain advances granted to the State departments,the amounts of advances provided by the Accounting Department are different, for amounts of advances settled in some State administrations, This led to the emergence of advances assets contrary to nature, The Accounting in Department of the Ministry of Finance to disburse cash advances without the allocation covered in the budget of some state departments, Grant some cash advances before the enactment of the State Budget Law, The Ministry of Finance has settle some of the advances granted without allocation through transfer of non-utilized allocations in the budget of the beneficiary administration, Or the allocation of emergency reserves in the budget of the Ministry of Finance, although these fire operations require the existence of legislation.

The Measurement and Accounting disclosure requirements for investments in associates in the Iraqi environment differ from international accounting standards, Accounting recognition under local accounting rules requires conditions and events that differ from those required by international standards, The adoption of international accounting standards leads to the possibility of comparison between the financial statements of companies and to serve many parties, including investors in making their investment decisions, The research aims to identify what investments in associates are in accounting thinking and identify deficiencies in the measurement and disclosure of investments in associates under local accounting rules and the consolidated accounting system by comparing it with IAS, The study presented a set of recommendations, the most important of which is the need for the Iraqi Accounting and Auditing Standards Board to issue a local accounting rule to regulate the accounting treatment of investments in associates based on IAS 28, taking into account the Iraqi environment.

Monetary policy is an effective economic policy in the face of inflation ,as a fundamental and important part of the components of the general economic policy of any country. Thispolicy plays its role by influencing the volume of money supply in a manner that is appropriate to prevailing economic conditions ,in order to absorb the cash surplus. After 2003 witnessed the Iraqi economy, in both monetary and real stage of the new changes took place ,the most important of which was the independence of the central Bank of Iraqi ,according to law 56 of 2004 in the formulation of monetary policy , and the identification of appropriate tools to implement this policy, in addition to the development of new tools ,that fit the orientations of the objectives of monetary policy in Iraq, the most important of which is the stability of prices, and the appreciation of the dinar, through the exchange rate and interest rates. The research was divided in to three sections. The first section included the nature of monetary policy before 2003. The second section dealt with the application of the modern tools of monetary policy after 2003, and the obtaining of the central Bank of Iraq independence. The third section dealt with the effectiveness and efficiency of monetary policy tools in achieving economic stability ,and reducing the inflation ,in addition to the conclusions and recommendations ,where the study confirmed that the use of the central Bank of modern instruments and tools helped him to reach the main goal of controlling inflation ,where the rate of inflation fell from 33.5% in 2003 to 1.9% in 2013 ,and this led to stability in exchange rates, and a stability in the general price level, Therefore, the Iraqi market for securities should be activated and activated through the central Bank.

The problem of blurry in the completion of projects, especially building projects of the important problems that should be appropriate solutions to them in order to obtain an integrated and successful project and within the standards required by committing to the time of completion and investment resources available to the implementing agency of the best investment, the problem is the result of information or data It is necessary to find a realistic and practical way to address this problem through the application of the concept of fog theory developed by the world (Zadeh. L. A.) and Working with the logic tools in the MATLAB program and employing the modern Time-Cost Trade-Off technology to determine the optimum time for project completion and the lowest possible cost increase using project management software including MS Project .

Imposed the current environment the application of international accounting standards and in particular the IAS (20) in all foreign and local companies, in order to provide useful information.

It is known that the grants and aid are processed in accordance with the accounting system standardized and government accounting system and which do not provide useful information , so it should be on economic units Application of International Accounting Standard (20) for the purpose of improving the special grants accounting treatments and aid and how to view them in the financial statements .

And the search may come to many of the most important conclusions that the application of I International Accounting Standard (20) contribute to the improvement of accounting treatments for grants and aid and how to view them in the financial statements.

And research has reached many of the recommendations should be the most important economic units of public and private application of International Accounting Standard (20) in order to improve the accounting treatments for grants and aid nd how to view them in the financial statements

This research aims to stimulate insurance companies to take care of electronic management, Especially if we know that many institutions and companies do not have a clear vision in this area, So the research included a theoretical framework to define what electronic management and what are their requirements and characteristics. The Iraqi National Insurance Company has been selected as a field for the application of the research, to identify the directions and opinions of its employees and then come up with a number of proposals to contribute to the improvement and improvement of the company's performance The research used a questionnaire form as a tool for study. The research included four hypotheses, the analytical descriptive method, and the statistical methods. The questionnaire data was analyzed, the hypotheses were tested, the results were extracted and the suggestions were submitted. The study reached a number of conclusions, including the company's financial capabilities for electronic transformation, as well as human and technical capabilities, and the research presented a set of recommendations, The need to rely on the applications of electronic management in business organizations in general and service in particular for the advantages that stand at the forefront of achieving the satisfaction of all beneficiaries and improve the performance of these organizations.

The objective of the research is to study the concept and objectives of evaluating the performance and modern models adopted under the variables of the modern business environment, and to clarify the system of activities ABC as one of these modern models in evaluating the performance that leads to improvement of services in the municipality. Of the budget allocation does not correspond to the percentage of actual costs of the activities carried out by the allocation, the proportion of costs exceeded the percentage of completion, partly because of weak planning for the lack of participation of stakeholders in the preparation of planning budget, especially absence of the role of cost accountant for the country's lack The cost of the system as well as the lack of activation of fines

, The researcher recommended the need to prepare budgets on the basis of activities in quantities and amounts to achieve effective control of activity and proper planning to reduce the deviations and reliance on the cost system in the preparation of these budgets as well as matching the ratios of costs with the ratios of quantities achieved and the activation of fines and follow-up to their role in reducing costs, The basis of

The study was carried out to detect the sensitivity of various bacteria (Escherichia coli،Proteus vulgaris، Klebsiella pneumonae ، Shigella sp ، Salmonella typhi) against different concentrations ( 8,12,17 mg/0.1 ml) of Lepidum sativum seeds extracts (aqueous ,ethanolic and methanolic ). The results obtained were cleared that all the extracts have shown a wide range of antibacterial effects against applied bacteria. This sensitivity include all the concentrations used specially against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi and this sensitivity increased with the increasing of the extract concentration. Finally, best results which were given a high inhibition effect for the aqueous extract among other extracts when 17 mg/ 0.1 ml used.

The obtained results included the detection of many functional groups (Glycosides, Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Tannins, Proteins, Steroids and Phenols) which had been done by different chemical reagents proceeded according to methods mention in the published articles.

It can be said that the restricted contract is a contract which is immediately affected and its validity is subject to its sanction or revocation. If it becomes valid, it becomes valid retroactively. If the revocation becomes null and void retroactively, and the restricted contract is suspended, if it is held for a reservation or a compulsion or mistake or separation, the restricted contract may be revoked after the demise of reservation or the coercion removal or the error or disclosure of the uniqueness as it allows him to veto if he had to overturn the actions of the eye moved to recover and recovered where he found and traded hands, the eye perished in the hands of the value of the contract and the impugned or arrogant option, The other contract, if he wants, within the forced and guaranteed On the aggrieved and arrogant prostitute that the receipt of the prostitute is hated or arrogant and perished in his hand without any more.

The aim of this research is directed to investigate the local and national process of stone lining for building facades to determine the drawbacks associated with local implementation of stone lining compared with national one ; and to suggest rules to overcome existing drawbacks resulting meanly ; from the absence of clear rules for lining and lack of standard stone lining supports in addition to failure of existing non standard support due to action of corrosion resulting in dangerous collapse of stone lining .In this research, implementation rules , support means act as part of the structure and water proofing are suggested