AL ARBA'IN

Al-Arba'in Journal

To express their love and loyalty to Imam Hussain (pbuh) as well as preaching
religious teachings, different types of voluntary work are carried out by his visitors,
embodying the act of giving of Imam Hussain (pbuh) from feeding, sheltering visitors
and other services. This research aims to involve the visitors themselves in voluntary
work to represent the Hussaini sacrifice and generosity by applying it on the ground
through joining campaigns for planting trees along the journey to Karbala during the
Arbaeen visit

The current research aims to know:
1- The moral courage of the women volunteers in the Hussainiya processions during
the Arbaeen visit.
2- Orientation towards voluntary work among women volunteers in the Hussainiya
processions during the Arbaeen visit.
3- The correlative relationship between moral courage and the orientation towards
voluntary work among women volunteers in the Husseini processions during the
Arbaeen visit.
The researcher chose her research sample in a simple random way, and the
research sample amounted to (200) women volunteers in the Hussainiya processions
of all kinds from providing a service (food and drink preparation, cleaning, medical advice, religious and social advice, honorable service inside the sanctuary and other
services provided in a manner Volunteer free without waiting for anything in return)
The researcher has built a scale of moral courage, the number of which is (14) items,
and she has adopted the scale (Iskandar, 2020) to measure the orientation towards
volunteer work. The indicators of validity and reliability were confirmed for them,
and after using the appropriate statistical methods, the following results were reached:
1- The current research sample of women volunteers in the Hussainiya processions
during the Arbaeen visit showed high moral courage.
2- The current research sample of women volunteers in the Hussainiya processions
during the Arbaeen visit have a tendency towards volunteer work.
3- There is a positive correlation between moral courage and the tendency towards
voluntary work among women who volunteer in the Husseini processions during
the Arbaeen visit.
In light of the research results, the researcher recommends:
1- The family should cultivate a culture of volunteering in the hearts of their children
because of its relationship to increasing the sense of responsibility for the children
and to give them the spirit of positive initiative and morality.
2- Enhancing the role of women in society and allowing their active participation by
developing a spirit of moral courage among young women.
3- Activating the virtue of moral courage among women through counseling and
guidance centers.

That man, by his nature, has material and moral needs that he strives to satisfy,
especially the youth category, and the capabilities of the members of society vary
in satisfying those needs. Therefore, the tolerant Sharia urges the need to achieve
cohesion and unity among the members of society in order to achieve this goal.
Everyone has a desire to free giving . Also, everyone has the ability to make positive
contributions by raising and caring for orphans and the underprivileged. Participation
in voluntary work, developing youth capabilities, and consolidating the values of
social solidarity is a religious requirement, as well as a human and social necessity.
What we want is to make these voluntary charitable practices a general cultural,
social, and national phenomenon.
The research problem focuses on several questions, including the main research
question, which branched into several questions in its objectives. Does voluntary
work have a role in developing youth capabilities:Ziyarte Al-Arba'een (peace be
upon him) as a model?
The research aims to shed light on the role of youth in voluntary work, as they
are the mainstay of the development process and the economic power of society in
consolidating the values of cohesion and social solidarity.
The importance of the research is embodied in highlighting the role of the Husseini
rituals, especially Ziyarte Al-Arba'een, in embodying the most wonderful forms of voluntary work, which annually achieve wonderful images of social harmony and
solidarity, of which young people are its main pillar.
With regard to the research methodology, several scientific approaches were
employed to achieve its goals. On the field side, (100) a random sample respondents
was selected, from young people to shed light on the phenomenon under study
and analyze it, and to arrive at the developing several proposals that contribute to
strengthening the role of youth to contribute to volunteer work from During the
revival of religious rites, their participation in various voluntary work in various
fields and stimulating and developing their latent capabilities.

Ziyarte Al-Arba'een was considered as the most important and largest human
collection, because the number of visitors were coming to Holy Kerbala from inside
and outside of Iraq was more than the number of holy Kerbala citizens ten times.
Consequently, providing high -level services commensurate with the importance of
this Ziyarte and this huge human gathering constitutes a great challenge for those
who responsible for organizing this event. There are many factors affecting these
services, thus the goal of this paper was to determine the most important factors
affecting these services. To achieve this goal LASSO penalty was used to study and
analysis set of factors were believed that the more affecting for these services. The
results of study and analysis of ten factors show that the first and the most important
factor is the number of Almowkeb alhussainiah where has the largest level of penalty,
then the second factor was the number of the people working in the hosting the
visitors, and so on the other factors as we will see in the result of this research.

This study aims to predict and estimate the number of hospitals and health facilities to accommodate the continuous increase in the number of visitors to Karbala for the Ziyarte Al-Arba'een . The core regression model was used to estimate the data of the study sample and analyze it using the (R) program. The study reached several results, the most important of which is the need to increase the number of hospitals by up to 13 % and health cadres in the governorate by up to 21% in order to cover the expected increase in the number of visitors. The study also recommends several
recommendations, the most important of which is the use of local and international volunteer health cadres.

Ziyarte Al-Arba'een to Imam Hussein consider an immortal epic Which have been inspiring souls and urger tocommitment the goals of Hussainy revolution brought by the master of memory, Imam Hussein, his family( peace be upon them) and his companions,with the Islamic visions and moral values that he presented to humanity.
This study comes as attempt to prominent the economic and social role of Ziyarte, Ziyarte Al-Arba'een in Iraq and aqll Islamic countries ,since the Hussainy revolution is a humanitarian message to the whole would .so the believers in Iraq and look forward to this occasion by preparation and provision all necessities for the visitors,,then performing it's ceremonies with love ,dedication and determination ,walking for more than (500) km to Imam Hussain holy shrine (P B U H) from various cities and countries,the study aimed to explain the economic,social and cultural dimensions of Ziyarte Al-Arba'een and the development of the country with blessing of Imam Hussain (P B U H) ,Which has become a global event has led Iraq in general and Holy Krbala in governorate in particular ,mobilize all the society members with all it's spectra and clans in order to serve the visitors and componented this blessed Islamic shaaera.

The current research under title (the intellectual aesthetic dimension of the global
media for Ziyarte Al-Arba\'een/ photographic model) dealt with the nature of the
concept of the aesthetic intellectual dimension of photographic art during Ziyarte
Al-Arba\'een، which expresses the aesthetic، artistic، intellectual and philosophical
systems in an aesthetic photographic framework، as the photographic achievement
was distinguished by its various aesthetics in terms of the constituent elements of the
different photographic discourse، including both the aesthetic artistic and documentary
(aesthetic) dimensions r. As well as the global media role that the photographic artist
embodied، whether he was an Iraqi، Arab or foreign، and at the international cultural
media level for satellite channels and social media، which is evident through the
photographic discourse with all its intellectual، religious، cultural، symbolic and
aesthetic various loads of what is going on in the vast and spacious space of Ziyarte
Al-Arba\'een.
The photographic aesthetic discourse took diversity، problematic، and intellectual
and aesthetic differences in the structure of the photographic artwork that nourished
its aesthetics، which formed the creative، skillful and innovative achievement
of the manifestations of Ziyarte Al-Arba\'een.The researcher dealt with various
photographic shots of Iraqi and foreign photographic artists to visit the forty، which
were deliberately chosen in line with the objective of the current research (in revealing
the mechanisms of photographic aesthetics)، where they dealt with the descriptive
analytical approach in writing the research plan.

The current research under title (the intellectual aesthetic dimension of the global media for Ziyarte Al-Arba'een/ photographic model) dealt with the nature of the concept of the aesthetic intellectual dimension of photographic art during Ziyarte Al-Arba'een، which expresses the aesthetic، artistic، intellectual and philosophical systems in an aesthetic photographic framework، as the photographic achievement was distinguished by its various aesthetics in terms of the constituent elements of the different photographic discourse، including both the aesthetic artistic and documentary (aesthetic) dimensions r. As well as the global media role that the photographic artist embodied، whether he was an Iraqi، Arab or foreign، and at the international cultural media level for satellite channels and social media، which is evident through the photographic discourse with all its intellectual، religious، cultural، symbolic and aesthetic various loads of what is going on in the vast and spacious space of Ziyarte Al-Arba'een.
The photographic aesthetic discourse took diversity، problematic، and intellectual and aesthetic differences in the structure of the photographic artwork that nourished its aesthetics، which formed the creative، skillful and innovative achievement of the manifestations of Ziyarte Al-Arba'een.The researcher dealt with various photographic shots of Iraqi and foreign photographic artists to visit the forty، which were deliberately chosen in line with the objective of the current research (in revealing the mechanisms of photographic aesthetics)، where they dealt with the descriptive analytical approach in writing the research plan.

Al-Ziyarte is an Islamic Shiite text par excellence, and it was specialized in
speech directed to the Prophet and his family at the graves and religious shrines of the Prophet and his family (peace be upon them). It represent adistinguished art differ from other literary arts poetry and prose. There are stylistic features that are distinguished by it such as repetition, supplication, submission, assonance, equal intervals, phonological balances, attention, intense emotion, mourning, pronouns of discourse, and the temporal and spatial context. It belongs to a temporal context, and this is in the so-called special visits, and perhaps it was transient in time, so it is read at all times and in every place. The importance of Al-Ziyarte text that it's a documented text and a historical document, for it is in most of it narrated from the imams (peace be upon him), and it receive agreat deal of historical reliability of Al-Matin and Alsanad, such as the high rhetoric and the Qur’anic and narrative and the evidence that enhances the status of the text , as well as Al-sanad from one Imam to another.This reading attempts to identify the levels of stylistic analysis of the text phonetically, morphologically, syntactically, semantic and contextually, by interrogating the text and clarifying the stylistic dominants of the text, and their impact on the recipient.

The subject of Al-Shaaer of Ziyarte Al-Arba'een in international human rights law is one of the most important topics, and its importance lies in the fact that it is not limited to one religion or sect without another, and despite that, it did not receive the protection commensurate with its importance. By providing for the freedom to practice religious rites and the inadmissibility of restricting this freedom in any restrictions, including Al-Shaaer of Ziyarte Al-Arba'een.

Voluntary charitable work represents a great human value represented in giving in all its forms. It is a living civilized behavior that can only grow in societies that enjoy advanced levels of culture, awareness and responsibility. And the centuries that followed, which were known for their charitable deeds, were embodied in the words and actions of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) and his companions, where sympathy and compassion were embodied in the volunteer work that they used as a way of life for them with sincerity and seeking the pleasure of Allah, until the bonds of brotherhood were fused with them, where hardly to observe poverty or crippling among them, and if the solidarity of society has been achieved in the centuries of charity, the contemporary reality witnesses the opposite, besides the outrageous wealth and extravagance of money, there is extreme poverty,this reveal the absence of social solidarity. As well as the political and religious obstacles and the Western attack on Islamic that impede the course of charitable work,all this is to find the means and ways that helps to achiving social solidarity.The challenges that stand in his way nowadays, and to provide the real foundations on which he built his edifice to reach the desired goals and achieve the meaning of true social solidarity.
Ziyarte Al-Arba'een is one of the standards in the Islamic community in
embodying the spirit of cooperation and citizenship in voluntary work and social solidarity among those who revival Ziyarte Al-Arba'een of martyrdom of Imam Hussain and his pure family(peace be upon them)

It is impossible for a charity to carry on its activities without
funding. This paper considers the annual cycle of religiously mandated
giving and argues that people give more when their cycle of giving is
weekly or monthly rather than annually. It advocates making weekly or
monthly giving a “habit of the heart” that is built upon social or religious
obligation. This can be accomplished by utilizing charities with “donor
advised funds” to accumulate donations until the appropriate time in the
annual giving cycle to disburse the donations to the ultimate recipients.
However, there is a theological problem, which constrains a Muslim
from withholding the immediate payment and unconditional transfer of
zakat. This paper encourages Islamic scholars to consider the challenges
of religious giving rules developed historically in an agrarian society and
to develop theologically acceptable ways for Muslims to take advantage
of modern technologies and tax benefits, which incentivize giving and
increase sustainable funding. This requires the appropriate approvals
from religious authorities so is a theological challenge as well as needing
specialized technology and legal expertise.
This paper also highlights aspects of the common law of charity
problematic for Muslims because it is based upon principles that are
contrary to Islamic theology. These include the common law opposing gifts
to “near relatives” which are encouraged in the Qur’an. Charity and tax law also presents legal challenges to donors creating a waqf and following
shari’a compliant investment policies. It is also problematic for a private
foundation to carry on shari’a compliant forms of social enterprise such
as a Mudharabah contract. This paper does not solve these problems; but
highlights them so that researchers and scholars come to understand these differences so that they can better recognize legitimate areas of conflict and seek reasonable accommodation.