AL ARBA'IN

The visit of Imam Hussein expresses the victory of the values,
principles, and goals for which he was martyred, may God’s
peace be upon him. It is a visit that has great spiritual and moral
implications and effects, and highlights an important aspect of the
manifestations of the greatness, status, and virtue of Imam Hussein.
One of the goals of this good and blessed visit is to achieve the
dissemination of a culture of coexistence, peace, dialogue, and
acceptance of others, and to stand against everything that could
lead to a fracture in society and destabilize its security and unity,
and to consolidate moral values and Islamic religious principles.
These large numbers that come from all sides give the media a
great opportunity to perform their role in a better, more precise
and influential way, as distinguished visitors come from all parts
of the world to commemorate the visitation ceremonies, and those
concerned must invest in this gathering of millions, to broadcast
and deliver moderate messages, and to spread the word. A culture
of peace and peaceful coexistence, and consolidating a set of
religious and moral values and principles that are based on true,
moderate Islam, and directing them to a world exhausted by the
spirit of hatred and waves of violence

The research included an introduction, three axes, and a
conclusion. The first axis discussed the Iraqi government’s
justifications for preventing walking to Karbala, and the most
prominent of those justifications was its fear that external parties
would exploit those gatherings to achieve their goals. These
justifications are illogical, as stated in the research. The second
axis followed examples of the suffering of the Arba’een pilgrims
while walking. To Holy Karbala, and one of the most prominent
of these sufferings is the fear of the majority of society to provide
water and drink to the visitors of Imam Hussein (peace be upon
him), and the fear of the visitors themselves of falling into the grip
of the regime, so they walked on unpaved side roads and were
exposed to harsh situations in the presence of some evil people.
Whose only concern is harming others. On the other hand, it is fair
to say that there are some good people who tried as much as they
could to provide assistance to the visitors even though they were
representing the regime. The third axis continued the persecution
of the visiting prisoners inside the prisons. They were subjectedto the worst types of torture with electricity, electric batons, and
severe beatings. Starvation and psychological warfare, so some
prisoners died as a result of this harsh treatment, whether due to
diseases or torture in various ways.

This study highlights the crucial role of artificial intelligence
in achieving a qualitative leap in the field of urban planning,
especially in managing major religious events that attract large
crowds of people, placing significant pressure on infrastructure and
emergency services. These pressures underscore the urgent need for
developing innovative strategies that leverage artificial intelligence
capabilities to improve efficiency and emergency response speed.
The study is based on the dire need to use advanced technology
to tackle the complex challenges cities face during major religious
events.The study relies on a literature review methodology to evaluate
the role of artificial intelligence in improving urban planning and
crowd management. Data was collected from multiple sources
including scientific articles, technical reports, and case studies
on the use of artificial intelligence in this field. These materials
were analyzed to understand the practical applications of artificial
intelligence and to analyze the experiences of Saudi Arabia and
India in this regard.
The findings reveal the vast potential of artificial intelligence
in enhancing the efficiency of urban planning and its emergency
response, especially under the context of major religious events.
The research shows how artificial intelligence applications have
contributed to effective crowd management and emergency handling
in Saudi Arabia and India, through real-time data analysis, crowd
forecasting, and early warning systems. The study emphasizes
the importance of addressing technical, ethical, and economic
challenges to ensure its effective and responsible use.
The study concludes that artificial intelligence can play a pivotal
role in transforming urban planning to become more efficient and
prepared for emergencies, especially in the context of major religious
events. It recommends the necessity of increased investment in
research and development, updating legislation, enhancing crosssector
collaboration, and developing technological infrastructure
to maximize the utilization of these technologies. It also stresses
the importance of raising awareness about the benefits of artificial
intelligence and conducting comparative case studies to exchange
experiences and lessons learned.

It is no secret that the visit of the fortieth day has many virtues,
the number of narrations of which is innumerable, to the point where
a number of reports were received that urge one to become closer
to God through it. The visit also has an impact on a person’s life
and afterlife, and it has an impact in educating his behavior and
maintaining communication with believers. Many narrations have
been reported. One of the effects that made the visit of Al-Hussein
(peace be upon him) a definite must-have that is on the top of a
person’s priorities is to obtain the highest ranks with God and make
him close to the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him
and his family, and to the Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon
him, and his good and pure family.
The narrations also urged the maintenance of spending on traveling
to Al-Hussein, peace be upon him, or spending on his visitors among
the believers, and that the greatest ranks a Muslim attains is in serving
the visitors of Al-Hussein, peace be upon him. The research came to
achieve two goals, the first of which was to explain the merit of
the Arba’een visit and the worldly and afterlife effects that this visit
achieves for the visiting person. The second: Explaining the virtue of
serving visitors. The research took the road of serving Al-Hussein,
peace be upon him, in Dhi Qar Governorate as a model. The research
talked about the most important facilities that were established to
serve visitors and the geography of visitors’ travel. It also talkedabout the most important visiting tables, the processions that are held
for the same purpose, and the extent of the services that accompany
them. Visitors’alking route in the governorat

The idea of providing sugarcane juice and the sweets
produced from it is the first of its kind to provide more food
and health services to the millions of pilgrims in the Arbaeen of
Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) along the roads leading from
all governorates to the holy Karbala. These painful days are upon
us, laden with blood on the anniversary of the martyrdom of the
Master of the Youth of Paradise, Imam Hussein (peace be upon
him). Therefore, providing this service to the millions of pilgrims,
represented by preparing fresh, healthy juice that quenches their
thirst and maintains satiety and satiety for a period that is not
short, due to the calories and nutritional value it contains, is a
new service added to the services provided to visitors from all
concerned institutions, especially the Holy Shrine of Imam
Hussein (peace be upon him), represented by His Eminence the
Legal Trustee Sheikh Abdul Mahdi Al-Karbala’i, may God glorify
him, as the best available services are provided to visitors coming
from all countries of the world, especially our beloved Iraq. This
million-person visit, which is classified as the largest peaceful
human gathering in the world, as thousands of processions
provide service to visitors to strike Karbala and the provinces
leading to it with an example of diverse generosity and peaceful
coexistence. Sugarcane juice contains special compounds that
help reduce cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the body. Italso helps to lose body weight and maintain it, by enhancing the
feeling of satiety for a long time while providing few calories.
Sugarcane juice also helps to maintain stable blood sugar levels in
many diabetics due to the abundance of fiber in its components.
This type of juice also enhances the health of the digestive system
and improves kidney function as well as treating kidney stones. In
light of this, the positive objectives of establishing the sugarcane
cultivation project are to provide sugary juice with high nutritional
and medical value, and expanding its cultivation will lead, in
addition to consuming fresh juice during the Arbaeen visit, to the
possibility of benefiting from sugarcane waste in introducing it
into many other industries based on its waste without the need
for huge factories or high costs, which provides job opportunities
for the unemployed, such as the animal feed industry, the organic
fertilizer industry, the biochar industry, and feeding honeybee
colonies and many others. The modern methods used in the
project are to adopt modern irrigation systems to reduce water
consumption, as well as reclaiming more barren lands and making
them suitable for agriculture, which causes a wider scope for work
and employment in the region. Sugarcane has a high capacity to
accumulate sucrose in its stems, and grows well to reach heights
of 6 meters, thus contributing to improving the environment and
moderating the atmosphere during the Arbaeen visit and beyond.
It has been successfully cultivated in 12 Iraqi provinces, including
Baghdad, Babylon, Diwaniyah, Muthanna, Thi Qar, Karbala,
Wasit, Najaf and Anbar. This project, which was adopted by
the researcher within the projects of the technology incubator
affiliated with the Research and Development Department in the
Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, used the
method of planting by cuttings in addition to applying the seedlingtechnique, which achieved impressive results in the production of
sugar juice and sweets.

Forecasting is a scientific approach that can help decision
makers, whether economic or non-economic, in making future
decisions with a great degree of accuracy. Therefore, the tools of
this approach can be followed carefully and accurately in future
planning, meaning that forecasting is considered among the
most important scientific methods that can be used in planning.
And drawing up future plans. Therefore, predicting the numbers
of participants in the fortieth visit has an important role in the
decision-making process because of its future vision. Hence the
importance of finding an appropriate model that matches the data
available to the researcher, as this requires a lot of research andexperience, and exponential smoothing methods are considered
one of the methods. By which future values can be predicted, the
purpose of exponential smoothing in general is to try to reduce the
variations in the values of the series around the curve line, which
represents the general pattern.

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Satellite channels are known as the real-time broadcast directly
to individual television sets without an intermediary. Some define
it as television programs delivered directly to viewers via satellite
dishes. Satellite channels are a media platform specific to a certain
entity. linked to satellites to reach all parts of the world. Karbala
Satellite Channel is the most significant multi-platform media
institution producing content for television. mobile devices. or the
internet and serves as the official channel of the Holy Shrine of
Imam Hussein. It employs over 100 journalists worldwide. with
experimental broadcasting beginning in 2009.Media coverage concept refers to comprehensive coverage
of a topic (the Arbaeen visit) and dealing with it from various
dimensions and angles. The research studied topics related to
media coverage. including the number of staff. duration of work.
locations. and types. as well as available resources such as sound
devices. editing. filming. and other supporting equipment.
The methodology adopted was descriptive. a method of
describing the subject under study through a valid scientific
methodology. Various statistical methods were used. including
SWOT analysis. The research revealed five axes from which
media coverage originates: the southernmost part of Iraq passing
through southern provinces (Thi Qar. Muthanna. Al-Diwaniyah)
ending in Babil province; the second axis from the far east of Iraq
(Mandali Port); the third from Maysan province. and the fourth
from Najaf province. The fifth axis represents the center of the
holy city of Karbala. It became evident that Karbala Channel plays
a pivotal role in media coverage of the Arbaeen visit through a
large number of programs dedicated to this visit.

Since the martyrdom of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) the
followers of the imams of Ahl al-Bayt have continued to visit his
grave at all times and occasions but the most important visit in their
view is the visit of the twentieth of zero which is called the visit of
the fortieth and since the majority of Iraqi society is of the Shiite
component therefore the numbers will contribute to The visit is also
great knowing that the political regimes that have passed through
Iraq since the founding of the modern Iraqi state in 1921 were
afraid of using this visit for political and demanding purposes. It
is also considered a means of spreading political awareness among
society. Despite this the position of the Iraqi governments on the
visit has varied. Forty years from one government to another.
Hence the importance of the research entitled (The position of the
Iraqi government on the fortieth visit 1939 - 1968) so that it deals
with research and analysis of these positions throughout 29 years of
successive regimes of government which varied between tutelage
genuine ownership military coups and revolution. Knowing that the
period under discussion covers an important phase in the historyof Iraq its beginning with the outbreak of World War II and its end
representing a new phase represented by the change of the political
system from monarchy to republican and the latter witnessed
military coups in assuming power. The physical liquidation of
opponents was the dominant feature of the new regime and the
spread of the phenomenon of prisoners. Opinion if not liquidation.
The research was divided into a number of sections which
were preceded by an introduction: As for the first section it came
under the title: The position of the Iraqi governments on the
Fortieth Visit 1939 - 1958 and the second section: The position of
the Iraqi governments on the Fortieth Visit 1958 - 1963 and the
third: The position of the Iraqi governments on the Fortieth Visit
1963 – 1968. In addition to a conclusion that addressed the most
prominent ideas contained in the research. With regard to the
introduction it dealt with: the political factors and their impact on
drawing the administrative map of Karbala as it represents the area
where crowds of visitors gather with an attempt to shed light on
the political motives that affected its administrative development
and the stages it went through which moved from the district to the
governorate.

The Arbaeen pilgrimage is one of the largest (religious) crowd
events and the most geographically and culturally diverse in
the world. The size and diversity of managing the Arbaeen crowds
and the length of the visit represents a tremendous challenge at the
level of health, safety and security.
The climatic elements (temperature, relative humidity) are
among the most important climatic variables that affect crowd
management, and the mathematical equation for the heat index
(THI) was applied in analyzing the two mentioned elements
because they are among the most influential elements in climate
change, crowd management, visitors’ health, and the performance
of their events and religious rituals. Their vitality and ability.The pilgrimage season is different and varied due to the dates
changing each year, and not fixed in time, and in light of the
climatic data, the temperature when combined with humidity is
dangerous, especially since the Arbaeen period varies from one
month to another over the years.
It was found through the Karbala station that in the month
of January the standard temperature is (15.3), which is within
relative comfort, while in the month of August the standard normal
temperature is (32.6), which is very dangerous for thermal stress,
and therefore crowd management is exposed to an increasing
threat from stress. Dangerous thermal heat, which negatively
affects the security and health of visitors on the one hand, and the
smooth flow of their flow and means of transportation and arrival
on the other hand.
The study reached a set of results and recommendations that
confirmed that climate changes are the most severe and violent
in Iraq during the current century. This is due to carbon emission
gasses, which results in global warming, and undoubtedly exposes
the future of the visit to danger and heat stress. This is especially
evident since the pilgrimage season in the coming years comes
in months with high temperatures and has a negative role and
impact on crowd management. This necessitates the need to take
sustainable climate development measures to reduce vulnerability
and impact.

The Battle of Al-Taf and its tragedy occupied a temporal dimension
that extended from the year 61 AH until the present day and it will
continue with a spatial dimension that did not stop at the borders of
the land of Karbala but rather extended over every land that witnessed
a struggle between truth and falsehood until the entire land
of Karbala and every day became Ashura. History should have preserved
this memory and He renews it every year. In fact the Creator
the Almighty bestowed this dignity on her as a reward for what
she provided to humanity and the Muhammadan message. She was
an applied example of the principles of the Islamic message.
One of the features of this survival is that Imam Hussein (peace
be upon him) was singled out for the fortieth visit excluding
other imams and guardians because of the psychological spiritual
and societal dimensions that this specificity includes the results
of which have been clearly and tangiblely proven in our current
reality today in combating injustice in all its forms.

Press coverage of the Arba’een pilgrimage of Imam Hussein,
peace be upon him, in various media outlets takes different
forms and styles. This coverage continues for more than two
months, keeping pace with the movement of visitors and
Hussein processions that take place on the way to Karbala.
Among the media outlets, the role of Iraqi newspapers in
the coverage process is highlighted by employing... Various
journalistic arts to shed light on this visit, which witnesses the
participation of millions from inside and outside Iraq, and the
pages of newspapers are full Iraqi newspapers and electronic
newspaper websites feature stories and pictures narrating the
progress of visitors of different ages and nationalities from
distant places as they pace towards Karbala in a scene that
extends the threads of communication between the battle of
Karbala, which recorded the most wonderful pages of heroism
and pride, and a scene with a choppy sea of supporters
declaring their support for the pure Ahl al-Bayt, peace be
upon them, accompanying them. This includes volunteers toprovide service to them, and in this research we try to discuss
a research problem represented in the extent of support
provided by newspapers in Iraq for Husseini processions and
volunteer work during the Arbaeen visit.
The research aims to achieve a number of objectives, the
most important of which are:
1. Revealing the level of Iraqi newspapers’ support for the
Husseini processions during the Arba’een visit.
2. Determine the extent to which the Iraqi press encourages
volunteer work in Husseini processions.
3. Revealing the extent of the Iraqi press’s interest in the
Arba’een Ziyarat ceremony.
4. Identify the nature of the press coverage carried out by
the Iraqi press for the Arba’een Ziyarat ceremonies.
The research reached a number of results, including:
1. The Iraqi press provides great support to the Husseini
processions by paying attention to what is published about
them.
2. The Iraqi press very much encourages volunteer work
during the Arbaeen visit.
3. The Iraqi press is very interested in the Arba’een Ziyarat
ceremony.
4. The Iraqi press devotes important pages and spaces in itsissues issued during the Arba’een visit.
In addition to other results...

This research discusses the concept of crowd management in
religious visits in Iraq, which is an integrated work program for
managing these large events with the presence of companies and
experts specialized in this field, and working to institutionalize
these visits to avoid negligence or violations that the visitor to
the holy cities in Iraq may be exposed to and make Organizers
and officials face a difficult situation. This paper will be divided
into a group of topics that discuss the theoretical framework of
the concept, highlighting a number of pieces of evidence and
attempting to apply them to the Arbaeen pilgrimage.

The Zyarat Al-arbaeen gave immortal values, the fragrance of
which was passed down and its legacy accumulated throughout
history, to provide a continuation of the immortality and glory of
the Husseini revolution, which endowed humanity with the lofty
values of altruism and sacrificing the precious and precious for the
sake of preserving religion, fighting tyrants, and sharpening resolve
in confronting injustice and aggression, while emphasizing the
teachings of the true Islamic religion in love of goodness. To others
and spread the spirit of brotherhood, tolerance and participation
in order to reach higher levels in the satisfaction of the Almighty
God. Hence the coherence between the sustainability of the values
presented by the Zyarat Al-arbaeen and the sustainability of human
development, which emphasizes providing a free and dignified
life for the individual and society in which the human being (the
human resource) is able to interact with other economic resources
positively without harming the elements of the environment and
nature and in a way that achieves sustainable economic growth for
the activity. Economic and social for the individual and the entire
country.The study sought to demonstrate the sustainable value impact
of the Zyarat Al-arbaeen on the human community in general and
the Islamic community in particular, by displaying the cohesion,
communication and continuity in the exploits of this blessed visit
among the various components of the proud Iraqi people, as it
expresses the constants of our Islamic religion, and the valor
and courage of the Imam. Al-Hussein, peace be upon him, and
the originality of the hospitable Iraqi people who presented and
provided good tables and all living necessities to the visitors of Abu
Abdullah during the days of the march towards Holy Karbala,
In a way that expresses the extent of commitment to the teachings
of Islam in not being wasteful, extravagant, and exhausting
resources, preserving the cleanliness of the environment, not
violating the rights of others, harming the public goods that God
has given to humanity, and polluting the main sources of nature,
represented by water, air, and land. Therefore, the study was based
on the hypothesis that: the sustainability of values The religious
significance of the fortieth pilgrimage does not deviate from the
concepts brought by sustainable human development in creating a
conscious generation, present and future, that enjoys all economic
resources and preserves them from extravagance, waste and
exhaustion, and presents a bright picture of the developmental role
enjoyed by the fortieth pilgrimage.
The study produced a set of results, the most prominent of which
was that the Zyarat Al-arbaeen and sustainable human development
do not differ in content and orientations towards building a good
human being who enjoys and preserves the goodness of the
Almighty God, enjoys a decent standard of living, and is a human
being capable of building a society that achieves the dimensionsof sustainable development that aims to develop capabilities.
Human beings, their abilities and skills, so that they can be useful
members of society, maintain the sustainability of resources and the
environment, and enhance the level of economic, social, cultural
and religious development.

The forty -year visit is one of the largest religious gatherings
in the world, where millions of visitors from all over the world
meet in the holy Karbala, to commemorate the martyrdom of
Imam Hussein bin Ali (peace be upon him), where the trafficmovement analysis of the millionaires and crowds is a powerful
tool to improve the quality of life in the holy Karbala And for the
million visits and crowds through the analysis of traffic, and its
representation on maps directly through the organization’s web
program or Arcgis Online, where the planners and decision makers
can make enlightened decisions to improve the flow of traffic,
enhance pedestrian safety, improve public transport efficiency,
reduce pollution, manage processions and enhance economical
development
Chapter One: It contained (research methodology), including
(research problem, the importance of research, challenges related
to the crowds of infantry crowds in the holy city of Karbala, and
research objectives)
The second chapter: It included (understanding the movement
of visitors using GIS Online technology) to sort visitors arriving
to Holy Karbala and represent them directly on interactive maps
so that decision-makers can make decisions easily and directly
based on the interactive maps, as they represent a powerful tool
that we can obtain. Through it, immediate results
Chapter Three: It was devoted to (research procedures), which
included (evaluating visitors’ movement paths, identifying axes
and means of transportation on a map with the number of days
and density of their entry, and providing them with immediate
solutions based on maps through interactive maps to organize the
flow of incoming crowds. And the movement of vehicles and units
for transporting visitors and organizing means of transportationaccording to the density of incoming visitors to each axis and to
provide immediate solutions to visitors, such as proposing routes
and means of transportation and sharing maps and analyzes with
visitors and other concerned parties.
Chapter Four: It was devoted to presenting the results of the
research, then The conclusions that the researcher formed from
this study, and also included some recommendations and proposals
that the researcher presented to the competent authorities to
follow up the process of transporting and securing the movement
of millions of crowds.