Al-Nahrain Journal of Science

Biological activities of Cu (II), Pt (IV), Zn (II) and V (IV) metal complexes with 1, 3, 4 –thiadiazole derivatives towards pathogenic bacteria (Staph. aureus, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aerogenosaandEscherichia coli) and the fungus Candida albicanswere studied. The investigation was conducted using plate agar method. Sulfadiazine was used as standard drug in this study. The results were referred to that the biological activities of the studied compounds are more effective than sulfadiazine. The minimum effective dose of the studied compounds against of the named bacteria was 50μg/ml, while the minimum effective dose of sulfadiazine was 100μg/ml.Moreover, Candida albicanswas affected by all the studied compounds at 50μg/ml,but there is no significant effect of sulfadiazine toward Candida albicanseven at the highest dose, 200μg/ml.

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is commonly used to assess the acute phase of the inflammatory response and to diagnose conditions associated with acute and chronic inflammation, including infections, cancers, and autoimmune diseases. Packed Cell Volume (PCV) is the height of the red cell column to the total height of the column of whole blood. This study included 100 healthy subject divided into two groups: females group (50) and males group (50). The increase in Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (E.S.R) was higher in women group than in men group. The result showed a negative correlation between the Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and ESR while there was a positive correlation between ESR with age and glucose

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a disease caused by the progressive and selective destruction, by autoimmune mechanisms, of pancreatic beta cells. The aim of this study was to detecting antibodies against DNA in Type 1 Diabetes mellitus DM patients with nephropathy and myocardial vascular disease complication theStudy was done of 80 samples of blood and serum of womanwere obtained under fasting conditionsand they divided as:20 samples of patients of DM, DM with CV, DM with Nephropathy and Subjects as controlgroup in National Diabetes Center (NDC), with average age about (13-67) years to measure level of lipid, urea,glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. The study showed elevated in level of lipid profile, urea in patients, auto immune antibody compared with control group

The corrosion of zinc in 4 M HCl by has been investigated at room temperature, and at different temperatures using weight loss measurements, and inhibited by using ciprofloxacin drug. Results obtained showed that ciprofloxacin is a convenient inhibitor and its inhibition efficiency (IE %) increased with the increase of inhibitor concentration. The best temperature which showed the lowest corrosion rate values was at 318K.The mechanism of adsorption had been explained on the basis of chemical structure of the investigated inhibitor. It was found that the protection of zinc metal using this corrosion inhibitor is not complicated at room temperature, and the optimum concentration of inhibitor has been calculated which had showed the maximum surface coverage

Asthma is a chronic worldwide disorder. Recent studies refer to association between asthma and major CVD incidence, which the abnormality of lipid profile is a direct indicator to this type of disease. The aim of this study is measuring the lipids levels in asthmatics and evaluates the omega 3 fatty acid effects on lowering its levels in asthmatics sera. Twenty five asthmatic patients (10 females and 15 males) were involved compared with 25 healthy controls. Serum samples analyzed for total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, and very low density lipoprotein. Before and after 3 weeks of supplementation of two types omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (300mg/day) (4 weeks of follow up.) After 3 weeks of supplementation the change in levels of lipid profile

Solid phase extraction with Amberlite XAD-8 resin was used for the determination of total phenolic contents in some foods using Folin-Ciocaltue's method and formation blue complex absorbance measured at λ max 765 nm.The effecting factors pH, time of extraction, number of the extraction batches and elution solvent was studied. The obtain results showed that the highest extraction occurs at optimal conditions, pH=2 at extraction time10min. and using acetonitrile as elution solvent.The distribution coefficient Kd, for the adsorption and elution has been calculated for Gallic acid, 7-hydroxy coumarin. This resin prove to be capable for adsorption of these compound from aqueous samples, and acetonitrile was the supreme solvent for elution owing to superior polarity in addition to dielectric constant compare with ethanol and diethyl ether.The precision and accuracy of this method was found by analysis a laboratory made of Gallic acid samples, the statistical managements showed relative error ranged from ± 0.842 to 9.462%,mean error equal to -2.440, standard deviation 1.149, relative standard deviation not exceed 2.416%, and confidence limit 47.560±1.426.The effectively applied resultof this method for determination of total phenolic contents in eight different type of food samples showed that the amount was varying from the highest value in dates which equal 10.466 mg GAE/10g sample and 1.160 mg GAE/10g sample in kiwi as lowest value.

New Schiff bases derived from D-erythroascorbic acid were prepared by condensing pentulosono-γ-lactone-2,3-enedianisoate (V) with 3-amino phenol, (4-iodo, 3-methoxy, 4-methyl, 4-nitro) aniline in the presence of glacial acetic acid and dry benzene. The products were characterized by spectral methods FTIR, and some by (UV-Vis),1H and 13CNMR, mass spectra and measurement of its physical properties and evaluation of the biological activity for them

The concentrations of Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Cr in top soils (0-15 cm) from urbanized and rural areas of Iraq were measured by X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF). The results revealed that soil samples located in urban areas had higher metal contentsthan did soil samples from rural areas. This was probably due to local pollution from increased population and other industrial sources.The comparison with the soil quality guidelines showed that metal concentrations in all the studied locations are lower than the permissible levels admitted by the World Health Organization (WHO).The mineralogical composition of the top soils, identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD), was predominantly Quartz, Calcite and minor minerals such as Dolomite, Feldspar and clay minerals. Total clay minerals in the soilsamples, ranged from 3-10%, were found to be dominated by Montmorillonite, Kaolinite and Feldspar.Thehighest clay content was observed in Diala soils near the river Tigris.

A new homologous series of Schiff base esters comprising a terminal alkoxy substituent N-{(n-alkoxy-4``-bezoyloxy)-4`-benzylidene}-4-butyl aniline was studied.The alkyloxy substituent contributes to the molecular polarizability, thus, affecting intermolecularinteractions, hence, resulting in nematic polymorphism. The mesomorphic properties were studiedusing polarizing optical microscope (POM). The lowermembers, n-methoxy and n-ethoxy derivatives were non-mesogens, enantiotropic nematogenic phase was observed on further lengthening of the alkyl chain from C3 to C6 and smectogenic phase was observed for compounds C7 and C8. FT-IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, EI-MS and elemental analysis were employed to elucidate the molecular structure of the title compounds whereas the liquid crystal properties were determined by POM analysis. The mesomorphic behaviors of the homologous compounds are rationalized based on the varying lengths of the alky chain

The compound (2-mercaptobenzothiazole) (2-MBT) react with formaline and dicyclohexyl amine to form new mannich base [3-dicyclohexyl amino methyl -2-mercaptobenzothiazole] [E].The product was characterized by (FT-IR ,1H.N.M.R and C.H.N.S). (E) was used as a ligand for preparation mono ligand complexes of metal ions [Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II)] on the one hand and mixed ligand complexes of the same metal ions using the preparation mannich base (E) as a primary ligand and the amino acid tryptophan (Trp.) as a scondary ligand on the other hand. The prepared mono and mixed ligand complexes were isolated in the solid state and characterized by (FT-IR and Uv-Vis) Spectroscopy, (elemental analysis and flame atomic absorption) techniques as well as (magnetic susceptibility and conductivity) measurements. Based on the results of these diagnoses which showed that the metal ions was coordinated with (E) by nitrogen atom of amino methyl group and sulfer atom of thiocarbonyl group on the mono and mixed ligand complexes, in addition of coordination of (Trp.) on the mixed ligand complexes by oxygen atom of carboxyl group and nitrogen atom of the free amine group. The antibacterial activity for ligands (E and Trp.) and their mono and mixed ligand complexes were studied against two selected micro-organisms (Escherichia coil )and (staphylococcus aureus), the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC ) have been also studied to determined the low concentration for inhibition , two antibiotics (Ampicillin and Amoxicillin) have been chosen to compare their activity with those of the new compounds. The results showed higher activity of the new compounds relative to the chosen antibiotics .Furthermore the antifungl activity against two micro-organism (penicillum Sppand Aspergillus flavus) were studied for ligands (E and Trp.) and their mono and mixed ligand complexes. The results showed great enhancement of activity of the all complexes relative to that of their respective ligands. This was attributed to the synergetic effect between the metel ion and the ligand, in addition to the differences in the structural varities

A computational investigation was carried out in the field of laser-plasma interaction to study the acceleration of electrons with non -relativistic velocities in magnetized collisionless plasma. The interaction of a Nd:Yag laser pulse of 25 fs duration and a 5x1015W/cm2intensity with a plasma was studied at a plasma electron density ne=1x1018cm-3in the presence of an external magnetic field for the three values of the field strength B=60 MG, 70 MG and 80 MG. It was found that the electron acquires a maximum energy of ~ 19 keV during the interaction when an external magnetic field of strength B= 80 MG is applied. The maximum energy of the electron during the interaction reaches ~ 1 keV in the absence of an external magnetic field for the same plasma electron density and laser pulse, after the interaction the maximum energy of the electron reached ~ 15 eV. However, the maximum energy of the electron after the interaction reaches ~ 3 keV when an external magnetic field strength of B= 70 MG is applied. This is due to a sustainable generated laser wakefield of ~ 2x109V/cm. Thus, it is concluded that an applied external magnetic field assists the acceleration of the electron and can subsidize for a high laser beamintensity

In the present study, two gray cast iron specimens were diffusion bonded at the temperatures of 700, 750, 800, 850, and 900 °C,the furnace used atmosphericexperimentunder a pressing load of 1 and 2 ton for 15, 30 and 60min. After diffusion bonding, shear test measurements of interface region were made. As a result, from the microstructural observations, a good bonding along the interface of the bonded couples were detected since the interface is free from voids and microcracks.To evaluate the bond strength, the shear test investigation was used.The actual bonded area was calculated by using a computer package called (Auto Cad 2006). The results shows that the bond strength increases with increasing the temperature and holding time. Fracturography of the interface was carried out by using optical microscope before and after the experiments. The microstructure results shows the formation of carbide. Its precipitation increases with increasing the bonding temperature and time

This paper reviews theradial profile of plasma parameters in the present and absent of non-isolated dust particlesat different positions from the cathode surface.The results of voltage and current discharge shown that the present of dust did not effect of the behavior of discharge voltage but it decreased the discharge current. However, the measurement of radial distribution of plasma parameters along the cathode at different distance (2 cm and 4 cm) from it shown that, all plasma parameters are non-homogenous distribution along the cathode in the cathode sheath and plasma bulk. Moreover, according to radial profile of plasma potential, the charge of copper dust particles is negative in the plasma sheath but it is charged postively in the plasma bulk

This research deals with the study of the effect of adding glass powderof grain size (35μm) with different volume fraction (10%, 20%) to the blend of unsaturated polyester and polyurethane using hand lay-up method, after preparing the matrix from weight fraction (90%) of Unsaturated polyester and (10%) of polyurethane. The results have shown that the addition of particles to the polymer blends lead a great extent in mechanical properties, since testingbending, Shore D hardness and impact strength. It has shown that the values of young modulus, impact strength and hardness were increased with increasing of volume fraction of glass powder.Fracture surface of the samples were examined by using optical microscope with magnification (40 X) and the results showed that the nature of fracture is seems brittle fracture for all samples

Thin films of titanium dioxide TiO2pure and TiO2:PVA polymer were prepared using chemical spray pyrolysis technique on glass substrate preheated at (350 oC) for TiO2pure, and at (160oC) for TiO2:PVA. with spray rate 3sec./1min, and thickness (250nm). The investigation of (XRD) indicates that structural of TiO2pure and TiO2:PVAthin films they are polycrystalline and XRD investigation is anatase titanium dioxide, intensity of >101, <200105